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SERBAN MARCELA OANA Anul I FB Medias REFERAT ENGLEZA

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SERBAN MARCELA OANAAnul I FB Medias

REFERAT ENGLEZA

Amazing Thailand

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The kingdom of Thailand lies in the heart of Southeast Asia, making it a natural gateway to Indochina, Myanmar and Southern China.Thailand embraces a rich diversity of cultures and traditions. With its proud history, tropical climate and renowned hospitality, the Kingdom is a never-ending source of fascination and pleasure for international visitors. Jet-skiing has been taken up with enthusiasm all over Thailand with jet-skis available for hire at all major beaches in Thailand-Samui. Phuket, Pattaya, Samet and Krabi. Sea canoeing is the eco-tourist activity par excellence, and proves the benefit of the natural approach. The quiet of this mode of tourism heightens your sense of awareness, and wildlife is not scared by your silent approach. It is also an exciting physical challenge providing an aerobic workout and tones and develops your arms, shoulders and chest. Mountain biking is a sport increasing in popularity in Thailand, both among Thais and young international tourists. Windsurfing has become one of Thailand’s most popular water sports in the last two decades, and it is practiced all over Thailand’s beaches. Wind-surfing is not only exhilarating and an excellent way to get fit, it is also quiet, non-polluting and environmentally friendly It is a sport that enquires dexterity and coordination and also strength. Thailand is fortunate in its prime location for tourism in terms of such natural attractions as beaches and mountains, cultural and historical

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sites which reflect the glories of Thai civilization, and a sophisticated infrastructure, allowing visitors easy access to all these treasures. Thailand’s cultural heritage was influenced by ancient India when the Indian merchants and scholars set foot and gradually settled in Southeast Asia some 2,300 years ago.  It continued for several centuries.  Buddhist religion and popular myth are the most obvious examples. Much of Thailand’s royal tradition is also rooted in Indian culture. A wealth of shopping opportunities await visitors, and bargains abound throughout the Country in traditional handicrafts, textiles, gems, jewellery and antiques, as well as more contemporary items. But it isn’t only the variety of creatively designed and meticulously crafted products that so captivates the traveller. The shopping experience itself is a pleasure in its own right as one explores from upscale shopping malls and department stores to high streets and back streets and bustling markets. The Thai spa experience brings together a range of indigenous resources, folk wisdom and traditions that have been handed down through the centuries. It captures the very essence of traditional Thai living. Spa operators delve into this ancient treasure trove to create exceptional spa products so that alluring dimensions of this tropical paradise enrich the spa experience. Thai food has become in recent years one of the world's favorite cuisines. When we speak of "Thai food ", we are in fact talking of four very distinct regions in the country, each with their own culinary traditions. Thailand is blessed with many varieties of plants, herbs and spices which ensure s balanced diet. My opinion is that Thailand is a country wich deserves to be visited because of the beautiful landscapes, and because of culinary specialties. Thailand is a country that allows you to keep yourself in good shape because water sports like jet-sky and windsurfing.

Thailand is a country for people who love adrenaline which is offered by extreme sports.

NATIONAL BANK OF ROMANIA BNR is a public institution, created as an effect of an organic law. More then 100 years ago. The law, dated on April 17th – 29th 1880, “for the setting up of a discount and emission bank, under the name of Romanian National Bank”, offered the exclusive privilege of this institution to issue the Romanian state currency.

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The organic law from 1991, confirm that BNR has a share capital of 5 billion, entirely state owned, that property regime being considered by the legislators more proper for the new functions of the bank (planned as in case of west central banks with an authentic functional and decisional independence). Today, BNR is not a usual bank because, regard credit operations, the bank make transactions only with the state represented by the budget authority and the financial institutions. BNR keeps its own accounting based on generally accepted commercial principles, the bank having the possibility to close its activity on profit or, on the contrary, with losing. In spite of this, in all these years since 1880, the bank has never registered damages. The profit is imposed by the Finance Ministry, as an income to the state budget. The net income is distributed, according to the Romanian law, by the Executive Board of the bank, which is named and subordinated to the Romanian Parliament. The monetary values emission of the Romanian state is, by law, the monopoly of the BNR. From physical and valuable point of view the issue is permanently and the number of treasury notes and metallic coins being in circulation are the result of their putting in and backing out. The treasury notes and metallic coins value represents the most important position from the BNR liabilities balance sheet. BNR is the monetary authority of the state, supporting its daily administration of the economical affaires by the government. In addition to the functions of monetary authority, BNR is also payments author because both the cash payments and the most majority of transfers are running in its own branches network (which has the role of agent for the commercial banks in the process performed by these banks for their clients). Thus, „Regia Autonomă Imprimeria Naţională” makes the banknotes printing, under very safety conditions, for the moment right in the BNR head office. The „Regia Autonomă Monetăria Statului” processing precious or usual metal to obtain both monetary effects as metallic coins, or as those with intrinsic value, and no value monetary effects like medals. These “money factories”, banknotes or metallic coins, are the only two BNR participations to the activity of other companies, organized to obtain benefits. For the global interest problems, on its position of “bank of the banks”, BNR is in charge to issue valid rules for the banking system (and for each bank). Taking into consideration the risk, specific only for the banks institutions, that there is the possibility to coming up the situation when

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the clients’ money cannot be returned by bank, BNR is also the risk system administrator being so “the guardian of the public interest”. BNR could perform compensation and discount services of the payments between banking companies, being involved both as arbitrator and as a participant in the payments systems. BNR started to organize, on its own risk and expenditure, the territorial compensation centers, utilizing its intrabanking network for the payments message transmission of the commercial banks. BNR represent today the only organizer and supplier of very short-term credits (one working day), on the Romanian market. BNR mediate the making-up of the exchange rate on interbanking market; the implementation of this policy it is not entirely in the charge and the possibilities of the central bank. Beyond (foreign) currency reserve, BNR constitute and manage directly, the precious metal reserve of the country which served as a guarantee of the domestic monetary emission and, in very critical history situations, as means of payment worldwide accepted. BNR, like the most contemporary central banks, supervise and participate to the regulation and the operation of the country payments system. Thus, since 1992, BNR has been taken the initiative of the transfer payments system reform. By doing this, BNR try to accomplish the transformation of Romania, from a “cash society” to an “intense banking”, where the majority of the payments will take place with the big support of the informatic system, by electronic payments. BNR has been facing the risk produced by the adjustment at new forms in its “fight” with the time. That risk comes not from all of us but for everyone and with the wishing that what we can see done, and what we couldn’t see but it is done, to help and to survive. I recommend this bank because its responsable and its services are always to the clients expectations, it has a very low interest rate and does not charge commission.

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