reduce your risk of breast cancer

Reduce Your Reduce Your Risk of Risk of

Breast Cancer Breast Cancer

www.designsforhealth.comwww.designsforhealth.com

Breast Cancer is Breast Cancer is

diagnosed every diagnosed every

3 minutes 3 minutes

in this country, in this country, ALONEALONE..


Incidence of Breast Incidence of Breast Cancer…Cancer…

• Second only to lung cancer in women

• BRCA1 and 2 gene account for about 5% of all breast cancers

• 20 to 30% of women who carry the BRCA gene mutation do not go on to develop breast cancer.


What is Cancer?What is Cancer?Proliferation of abnormal malignant cells that Proliferation of abnormal malignant cells that

grow uncontrolled & may eventually grow uncontrolled & may eventually metastasize and spread.metastasize and spread.


CancerCancer

• Carcinogenetic Process– Exposure to carcinogens,

initiation of tumor, tumorpromotion, progression, precancerous cells, malignant tumor, & metastasis.

• On average, this process can take 8 to10 years before breast cancer is detected from a one cell tumor.– Ex: Carcinogen (UV Radiation) & Promoter

(hormones).


Etiology of Risks for Cancer

• History of BRCA 1 or 2• Family History• Increasing age• Early menarche• Late menopause• HRT extended use• Obesity• Excessive alcohol


Etiology of Risks for Cancer

• First child over age 30• Total estrogen exposure and type of

estrogen exposure• Relationship to environmental

influences and genetic individuality that is not related to the BRCA 1 or 2 gene.


Contributing FactorsContributing Factors

SmokingObesity

Lack of Physical ActivityHormones

StressInherited Risk


SmokingSmoking

• Causes cancer by beingboth a carcinogen and a promoter.

• Suppresses the immune system by depleting the body of the anti-oxidants needed to fight cancer.


ObesityObesity

• 64.5% of U.S. adults areoverweight which is a BMI > 25

• 1/3 of those are obese, which is a BMI >30

• Hundreds of studies have shown that being overweight increases the risk of breast cancer and numerous other cancers


Physical Activity/ExercisePhysical Activity/Exercise

• Research shows that people who exercise are at a reduced risk of developing certain types of cancer including breast.

• Vigorous exercise increases immune function.

• Affects hormone levels.• Shortens stool transit time• Helps promote healthy body

composition.• Exercise releases toxins

through sweat


Physical Activity/ExercisePhysical Activity/Exercise

• Try to exercise on a regular basis

– Anything you can do to relieve your stress and to enhance your comfort, satisfaction, and joy will have a major effect on your quality of life.


Physical ActivityPhysical Activity

•Better sleep FOLLOWS regular exercise

•Increases immune system functioning

•Endorphin releasing which contributes to a feeling of well being & decreases stress


HormonesHormones

• Breast feeding decreases the risk of breast cancer

• If circumstances allow, consider having children sooner rather than later in life

• The balance of the different estrogens in your body matters

• Test your ratio to check your risk for breast cancer.


StressStress• Increased stress

depresses immune system function, which protects you from cancer

• Increased stress decreases survival in cancer patients

• Stress management improves quality of life


Self Breast ExamSelf Breast Exam

Self breast exams and mammograms should be done on days 7-14 of your menstrual cycle

Occasional self-breast exams should start at the age of 18Every other month at the age of 20Begin monthly at the age of 30


ScreeningScreening

If you have a family history of pre-menopausal breast cancer in a 1st degree relative: You should start screening 10 years

prior to the age of that relative when she was diagnosed


ScreeningScreeningMRI

Ultrasound

Mammogram


Breast Thermography• Thermography is a painless, non invasive, state of the art

clinical test without any exposure to radiation and is used as part of an early detection program which gives women of all ages the opportunity to increase their chances of detecting breast disease at an early stage. It is particularly useful for women under 50 where mammography is less effective.

• Thermography's role in breast cancer and other breast disorders is to help in early detection and monitoring of abnormal physiology and the establishment of risk factors for the development or existence of cancer. When used with other procedures the best possible evaluation of breast health is made.

• This test is designed to improve chances for detecting fast-growing, active tumors in the intervals between mammographic screenings or when mammography is not indicated by screening guidelines for women under 50 years of age.


Breast Thermography• Uses new ultra-sensitive, high

resolution digital infrared cameras.

• Thermography demonstrates heat patterns that are strongly indicative of breast abnormality. The test can detect subtle changes in breast temperature that indicate a variety of breast diseases and abnormalities. Once abnormal heat patterns are detected in the breast, follow-up procedures including mammography are necessary to rule out or properly diagnose cancer and a host of other breast diseases such as fibrocystic syndrome.Source: ACCT website


Breast ThermographyCanadian researchers recently found that infrared imaging of breast cancers could detect minute temperature variations related to blood flow and demonstrate abnormal patterns associated with the progression of tumors. These images or thermograms of the breast were positive for 83% of breast cancers compared to 61% for clinical breast examination alone and 84% for mammography.

http://www.thermologyonline.org/Breast/breast_thermography_what.htm


Nutrition, Lifestyle, & CancerNutrition, Lifestyle, & Cancer

• 35% of all cancers are linked to diet

• Estimates for women are as high as 50%

• Simple lifestyle and behavior changes could reduce the U.S death rate of cancer by 50%

• Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females, second only to lung cancer


ACS Nutrition & Lifestyle GuidelinesACS Nutrition & Lifestyle Guidelines

• Stop drinking alcohol or limit consumption to no more than two alcoholic drinks per week (cutting down on alcohol increases your liver's ability to regulate blood estrogen levels)

• Limit red meat and other sources of animal fat (this includes dairy fat in cheese, milk, and ice cream), as they may contain stored hormones or pesticides

• Eat 5 or more servings of a variety of fruits and vegetables each day

• Choose whole grains instead of processed (refined) grains and sugars


Dietary Approach

• Decrease consumption of “pro-inflammatory” foods.

• Restrict sugar and refined carbohydrates…optimize blood glucose regulation.

• Add protective foods - veggies and fruits loaded with phytonutrients and antioxidants.

• Reduce your total toxic load by buying organic foods and staying away from foods heavily sprayed with pesticides or injected with hormones


Inflammatory Cascade

Breast Cancer“The frontier of COX inhibition in breast cancer prevention and treatment is being probed by several lines of evidence. Epidemiologic research demonstrates a 40% to 50% decrease in the risk of breast cancer among women who are chronic users of NSAIDs.”

Nutritional and Botanical Modulation ofthe Inflammatory Cascade—Eicosanoids,Cyclooxygenases, and Lipoxygenases—

As an Adjunct in Cancer TherapyJeanne M. Wallace, PhD, CNC


Inflammatory Cascade

COX-2, and its byproduct PGE2, may contribute to tumor viability and progression by:

1. Promotion of cell proliferation2. Inhibition of apoptosis3. Increased angiogenesis4. Increased invasiveness (and metastases)5. Immunosuppression.

Nutritional and Botanical Modulation ofthe Inflammatory Cascade—Eicosanoids,Cyclooxygenases, and Lipoxygenases—

As an Adjunct in Cancer TherapyJeanne M. Wallace, PhD, CNC


Cell MembraneCell Membrane

Arachidonic AcidArachidonic Acid

cyclooxygenase lipooxygenase

Phospholipase A2

Synthetic Modulation of Arachidonic Acid Cascade

2 SeriesProstaglandins

ThromboxaneA2

LeukotrienesSRS-A

Cortisone

IndomethacinAspirinIbuprofenAcetaminophen (weak)Sulfasalazine (topically)

Colchicine

Sulfasalazine (topically)


Cell Membrane

Arachidonic Acid (AA)


Phospholipase A2Glycyrrhiza glabraQuercetin

QuercetinAllium cepaAllium sativumCurcuma longaBoswellia serrata(specific for 5-lipoxygenase)

Other Anti-Inflammatory Botanicals Ananas Comosus -- fibrinolysis, inhibits bradykinin, increases Series I Prostaglandins Tanacetum parthenium -- inhibits platelet aggregation Matricaria chamomilla -- unknown Scutellaria baicalensis -- stabilizes mast cell membranes Capsicum Minimum -- depletes substance PQuercetin -- stabilizes mast cell membranes Ammi Visnaga -- stabilizes mast cell membranes

:

Botanical Modulation of Arachidonic Acid Cascade

Potentiates cortisol: Glycyrrhiza glabraCurcuma longa

Zingiber officinaleCurcuma longaQuercetin (weak)Ananas Comosus(?)Salix nigraGaultheria procumbens

Prostaglandins Series 2 Thromboxane

A2

Leukotrienes


Changing fatty acid intake:omega-6: omega-3 ratios

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Prehistoric Early 1900 Current

Om 6 FA

Om 3 FA

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Prehistoric Early 1900 Current

Om 6 FA

Om 3 FA

1:1 4:1 25:1


Metabolic Pathways of Essential Fatty Acids

Series 1 Prostaglandins,

Leukotrienes, and Thromboxanes

Omega-6 Fatty Acids (N6)Omega-6 Fatty Acids (N6) (e.g., canola, corn, soybean, safflower, sunflower oils)

CIS Linoleic Acid (LA)CIS Linoleic Acid (LA)

elongase

-6 desaturase

Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA)Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA)Borage oilBlack currant seed oilEvening primrose oil

Mothers’ breast milk

Di-Homo-Gamma- Linolenic Acid Di-Homo-Gamma- Linolenic Acid

(DGLA)(DGLA)

Animal fats in diet Series 2 Prostaglandins,

Leukotrienes, and Thromboxanes

Omega-3 Fatty Acids (N3)Omega-3 Fatty Acids (N3)(e.g.,flax seed, hemp, canola, soybean, walnut)

Alpha-Linolenic Acid (LNA)Alpha-Linolenic Acid (LNA)

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)

Docasahexaenoic Acid (DHADocasahexaenoic Acid (DHA)

Arachidonic Acid (AA)Arachidonic Acid (AA)

-6 desaturase

elongase

Stearidonic Acid Stearidonic Acid

Eicosatetraenoic AcidEicosatetraenoic Acid

-5 desaturase

-4 desaturase

Black currant seed oil

Fish Oils

Fish OilsMarinealgae

-5 desaturase

elongase

-4 desaturase

Adrenic AcidAdrenic Acid

Docosapentaenoic AcidDocosapentaenoic Acid

elongase

Series 3 Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and

Thromboxanes

DocosapentaenoicDocosapentaenoic

Acid Acid


Cell MembraneCell Membrane

Arachidonic AcidArachidonic Acid


Phospholipase A2

Nutrient Modulation of Arachidonic Acid Cascade

EPA/DHA

EPA substrate competition

2 SeriesProstaglandins

ThromboxaneA2

EPA substrate competition

LeukotrienesSRS-A

EPA

dihomo-y-linolenic acid (DGLA)

Delta 5 desaturase

Vitamin E, C (stabilize membrane)

Nonenzymatic Oxidation

LeukotrienesSRS-A

EPAVitamin E

GS-Px

Vitamin EGS-Px

Vitamin E


FatsFats• Saturated• Hydrogenated Fats

– Chemically altered/processed

• Monounsaturated• Polyunsaturated• Molecular Structure

and effects on body• EPA/DHA


FatsFats

• Polyunsaturated – Omega 6 – Vegetable oils (except

monounsaturated above)– Nuts and seeds

• Polyunsaturated - Omega 3– Fish - salmon, albacore, tuna,

mackerel, sardines– Flaxseed, chia seed, hemp seed– walnuts


Healthy FatsHealthy Fats Eat at least two 4oz. servings

of preferably wild cold-water fish/week, Salmon, sardines, trout, herring,

halibut, anchovies Flaxseed, walnuts, spinach,

kale, broccoli, & leafy green veggies are also rich in Omega 3 fats.

Avoid processed foods, salad dressings, & cooking with Omega 6 oils. corn, soybean, safflower,

sunflower, & cottonseed oils


Omega 3’s Decrease Omega 3’s Decrease InflammationInflammation

• Balance out the affects of omega 6 fatty acid (linoleic acid). Omega 6 fats produce pro-inflammatory compounds which promote tumor growth, foster angiogenesis, and suppress immune function.

• Omega-3’s compete w/Omega-6’s for enzymes needed for cancer-promoting metabolites.

• Make cancer cells more vulnerable to free-radical attack by making membranes less saturated.

• Promote cancer cell self destruction, increasing their rate of die-off and slowing tumor growth.


Dietary Fish Oil and Breast Cancer Progression

• The growth of breast cancer cells in culture and in mice is inhibited by omega-3 fatty acids, scientists report in a fast track article in the November 10th International Journal of Cancer.

• According to Dr. Rafat A. Siddiqui from the Methodist Research Institute, Clarian Health Partners in Indianapolis, "Omega-3 fatty acids activate an enzyme called sphingomyelinase, which generates the release of ceramide, a compound that ultimately causes cancer cell death.“

• Int J Cancer 2005;117:340-343.


Optimize Blood Glucose Regulation

• Rises in blood glucose generate corresponding rises in insulin, which push prostaglandin production toward PGE-2.

• Cancer cells feed directly on blood glucose.

• Elevated blood glucose levels suppress the immune system.

Beating Cancer with Nutrition, Patrick Quillin, PHD, RD, CNS p 104


Fruits & Fruits & VegetablesVegetables

Serving = ½ cup cooked or 1 cup raw Dark green, yellow, & orange types are the richest in protective

phytonutrients Eat from the rainbow, variety covers your bases. Eat a salad for lunch or dinner… Get RAW Asparagus, mushrooms, flaxseed, fermented soy products &

tomato sauce, pomegranate seeds & juice, curry dishes, berries (especially blueberries), & rhubarb

The average American consumes

ONLY 3 servings/day

Get in a minimum of 5 servings (7 servings = good, 9 servings = great)


Cruciferous Veggies• Broccoli, cauliflower,

brussels sprouts, kale, turnip, arugula, mustard greens, rutabaga, cabbage

• Contain indoles, isothiocynates, sulforaphane, glucosinolates

• Shunt the metabolism of estrogen toward protective 2-OH estrogen and away from cancer promoting 16-OH estrogen.


Brassica Veggies and Breast Cancer

• 2,832 women 50-74 years with Breast Ca and 2,650 controls (Sweden)

• Women consuming 1.5 cups of Brassica vegetables daily have 25% decreased risk


Carotenoids• Beta carotene: yellow,

orange, and leafy green veggies and fruits

• Alpha carotene: pumpkin, carrots

• Cryptoxanthin: citrus, peaches, apricots

• Lutein: kale, spinach, collards, beet greens

• Lycopene: tomato products, watermelon, pink grapefruit

• Zeaxanthin: green veggies, citrus, corn.


More Protective Phytonutrients

• Allium Family (garlic, onion, leeks, shallots, chives) contain thiols, quercetin, alyll sulfides

• Rosemary contains carnosol. Interferes with ability of estrogens to fit onto estrogen receptors in breast tissue. (1)

• Berries! Raspberriess and blackberries contains ellagic acid, cherries contain glucaric acid, which helps clear estrogens out. (2)

• Citrus peel contains limonene. Add to teas.How Diet and Nutrition Can Help Control Cancer Jeanne Wallace, PhD, CNC


Reduce Your Total Toxic Load

• Avoid pesticides and herbicides by buying organic produce.

• Avoid hormone injected meats and poultry. Buy hormone-free, free-range poultry and meat.

• Avoid fried foods and hydrogenated oils including margarine.

• Drink 8 -10 glasses of purified water daily to help remove toxins.


PaleoFiber™PaleoFiber™

• Certified antioxidant capacity due to is polyphenol content

• Good balance of soluble and insoluble fibers, with an emphasis on soluble fiber (which is hard to achieve from common diets)

• Fiber binds toxins in the gut, improves insulin response and lowers blood glucose levels

DFH has a unique DFH has a unique combination of combination of

12 types of fibers12 types of fibers


Environmental Toxins• Breast tissue is very susceptible to fat soluble toxins. In a

National Government (EPA) human adipose study published in 1990 involving 1377 individuals, 100 % of adipose tissue samples contained dioxin, dichlorobenzene, styrene, xylene, and ethylphenol. 76% of samples had PCB’s, benzene and a host of other chemicals.

• Many chemicals act as xenoestrogens and many are just plain carcinogenic. DDT derivatives DDE, PCBs and organochlorenes have been found concentrated in cancer tissue.

• Detoxification needs to be a primary focal point in the prevention of cancer.

• Phase 2 liver detoxification is essential for removal of excess circulating estrogens and xenobiotics as well.


Tips for Self NourishingTips for Self Nourishing

Lifestyle Recommendations:• Avoid negativity and

worrying.• Reduce stress.• Pray and meditate daily.• Exercise regularly –

whatever you enjoy most.• Do what makes you happy –

kayak on a lake, hike in the mountains.

• Time in nature that inspires a sense of awe.


Tips for Self Nourishing

• Adequate sleep in a darkened bedroom• Physical Touch• Close personal relationships and social

support. • Humor and laughter. Laughter raises

endorphins!• Expression of your true emotions • Positive, optimistic outlook on life despite

its inevitable difficulties.


Optimal Food Choices

Note: consume organic foods whenever possible

• ProteinWild salmon, mackerel, herring, sardines, anchovies, grass-fed beef or buffalo, lamb, hormone free poultry, DHA enriched eggs, plain whole yogurt

• Vegetarian ProteinBeans (all – including chickpeas, black, red, kidney), lentils, nuts

• VegetablesAsparagus, beets, broccoli, kale, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, collard greens, cabbage, fennel, horseradish, kale, leeks, onions, peppers, pumpkin, purslane, spinach, turnips

• FruitsBlueberries, cherries, strawberries cranberries, apricots, apples, bananas, grapes, kiwi, oranges, papaya, peaches, pineapple, watermelon


Optimal Foods Choices• Starches

Brown rice, quinoa, steel-cut oats, sweet potatoes, yams, beets

• FatsOlive oil, olives, walnut oil or walnuts, flax, hempseed oil, avocado, coconut oil

• Herbs/SpicesTurmeric, ginger, garlic, chives, rosemary, thyme, sage, oregano, parsley, cilantro, fennel, mint, dill, tarragonBeverages

• Green tea, Pomegranate juice, freshly made vegetable and fruit juicesGreen tea contains catechins and polyphenols.


Foods to Avoid

• Sugar in all forms, hormones in meat and dairy products, pesticides, non-organic foods, food additives and preservatives (nitrates, nitrites), white flour, iron-fortified cereals, safflower, sunflower, corn oils, margarine, fried foods, processed and refined foods, commercial cereals, soda, fruit juice, alcohol, isolated soy protein and other processed soy products, reduced fat and nonfat dairy products (plain full fat yogurt in small quantities okay).


Protocol for Breast CancerProtocol for Breast CancerNutritional SupportNutritional Support

Supplement Recommendations:Twice Daily Essential Packets

1 packet twice a day (both multi vitamins in the am)

EGCg Green Tea 1 capsule twice a day

CLA 1 soft gel three times a day

DIM 1 capsule daily with dinnerQ Avail (CoQ10) 100 mg 1 soft gel per dayBroccoProtect

1 capsule per dayVitamin D as indicated by testing.


Importance of Multi VitaminsImportance of Multi Vitamins

• A recent study reported that most Americans weren’t even getting the Recommended Daily Intake1 (RDI) of vitamins and minerals, much less the optimal levels of them and that this suboptimal intake of vitamins and minerals is a risk factor for many chronic diseases (breast cancer, osteoporosis, heart disease, diabetes, …).


Importance of Importance of Multi VitaminsMulti Vitamins

• A summary of current research clearly shows that those who don’t supplement with a high quality multivitamin/ mineral and antioxidant formula are at risk for deficiencies2.

– 1 RDI is the recommended amount to avoid diseases of deficiency like scurvy or pellagra, NOT the amount needed for optimal health and to avoid the major diseases of aging like heart disease, osteoporosis, cancer and diabetes.

– 2 Medical Professionals and Health Care Practitioners looking for more information on the research supporting the above program can contact Designs for Health support and technical department at 800-847-8302 x 105 or via the website, www.designsforhealth.com.

JAMA, Jun 2002


Twice DailyTwice DailyEssential PacketsEssential Packets

• Each Packet contains:– Twice Daily Multi™– Calcium Malate Chelate– Magnesium Malate Chelate– Omega Ultra Marine™ Softgel


Check Vitamin D Levels!• In a study of 166 women undergoing treatment for breast cancer,

nearly 70 percent had low levels of vitamin D in their blood, according to a study presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology's Breast Cancer Symposium in San Francisco. The analysis showed women with late-stage disease and non-Caucasian women had even lower levels.

• "Vitamin D is essential to maintaining bone health, and women with breast cancer have accelerated bone loss due to the nature of hormone therapy and chemotherapy. It's important for women and their doctors to work together to boost their vitamin D intake," said Luke Peppone, Ph.D., research assistant professor of Radiation Oncology, at Rochester's James P. Wilmot Cancer Center. Scientists funded by the NCI analyzed vitamin D levels in each woman, and the average level was 27 nanograms per milliliter; more than two-thirds of the women had vitamin deficiency.

Women with breast cancer have low vitamin D levelsNewsRx.com

10-23-09 Life Extension News


EGCg EGCg (green tea extract)(green tea extract)

• Studies have identified several pathways through which substances in tea can fight cancer development

• Research with human cancer cells show that a natural phytochemical in tea, called EGCG, can block several enzymes necessary for these cells to reproduce and flourish

• Polyphenol substances in tea are strong antioxidants; prevent and repair DNA damage that could otherwise lead to cancer


CLACLA• Conjugated linoleic acid decreases

production of pro-inflammatory products in macrophages: evidence for a PPAR gamma-dependent mechanism.

Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Apr 15;1581(3):89-99

• Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) is a dietary fatty acid that has received considerable attention due to its unique properties in rodent models including anti-cancer, anti-atherogenic and anti-diabetic effects.

Anti-Inflammatory Properties as well as Immune Enhancing

Properties


Q AvailQ Avail (Co-Q10)(Co-Q10)

• A POWERHOUSE antioxidant• Studies indicate that Co-Q10 may have a dramatic

immune-enhancing effect

•Levels of coenzyme Q10 decline with advancing age

•Optimal dosages cannot be achieved through common diets

•Supplementation is needed to achieve optimal Q10 levels


Dim Avail• Broccoli and other cruciferous

vegetables are well known for their phytochemicals including indole-3-carbinole and sulphoraphane.

• DIM (diindolmethane), the active form of indole-3-carbinole, has been well researched to increase metabolism of estrogen into its 2- hydroxy forms which have a protective effect on breast cancer.

• Excess 16- OH metabolites tend to promote cellular growth.


Estrone Metabolites

4/16-Hydroxyestrone• Strong Agonist• Promotes Cancer• Difficult to Change

Rate of Formation

Proc Natl Acad Sci 82(18): 6295, 1985

2-Hydroxyestrone• Weak Agonist• Kills cancer cells• Prevents spread of

cancer cells• Easy to raise this by

taking DIM and increasing veggie consumption

J Endocrinol 150 Suppl: S259, 1996


BroccoProtect

• Contains a specially cultivated form of broccoli seed.

• Naturally rich in glucoraphanin, the direct precursor to sulforaphane.

• Sulforaphane is able to upregulate phase II enzymes in the liver and other parts of of the body to allow for full and proper detoxification of unsafe chemicals.

• Can be used in combination with DIM Avail.


The Folic Acid Controversy

• Folic Acid supports the growth of normal cells. • Epidemiological studies demonstrate that too

much folic acid may promote the growth of precancerous cells.

• Folic acid (synthetic) and folate (natural) has a “U” shaped relationship to the incidence of cancer. Too little folate presents risk for cancer due to deficient methylation, genetic expression and cell differentiation. Too much folate can promote the growth of tumor lesions. The correctamount of natural folate is protective.



• Research is suggesting that the use of folic acid (synthetic) in fortified foods and most nutritional supplements may pose much higher risk than natural folate found in foods and some supplements.

• The synthetic folic acid must be converted (reduced) in the body. Many individuals cannot effectively convert the amount of folic acid they are now being exposed to since the introduction of food fortification in the US in 1998, and due to the increased use of nutritional supplements containing folic acid. This may result in a build-up of “unmetabolized” synthetic folic acid in many individuals.



• This synthetic “unmetabolized” folic acid may increase cellular proliferation, including tumors, much more than natural folates (Some studies suggest 100 times more!).

• While overall, folates are beneficial and protective to most individuals, there are some people at risk of high levels of folate intake, including those with pre-cancerous or cancerous lesions.


For further reference:For further reference:

www.breasthealthcenter.comwww.bcrfcure.orgwww.cancer.org

www.breastcancer.orgwww.pubmed.org

www.aicr.orgwww.strang.org

www.desertwomenshealth.com


Thank You

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