reclaimed water master plan

RRRECLAIMEDECLAIMEDECLAIMED WWWATERATERATER MMMASTERASTERASTER

PPPLANLANLAN

City of Fort Myers

November 2005

Final Report

Independent Environmental Engineers, Scientists and Consultants

City of Fort Myers Reclaimed Water Master Plan Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Table of Contents i

CITY OF FORT MYERS RECLAIMED WATER MASTER PLAN

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...........................................................................................ES-1 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 Purpose and Scope ................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Previous Reclaimed Water Planning ....................................................... 1-2

1.2.1 1992 Reclaimed Water Master Plan ............................................ 1-2 1.2.2 Effluent Resource Planning Report, March 2001 ........................ 1-3

1.3 Planning Area........................................................................................... 1-4 2.0 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ....................................................................... 2-1

2.1 Regulatory Background ........................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Treatment Parameters .............................................................................. 2-2 2.3 Federal Requirements .............................................................................. 2-4 2.4 State Requirements .................................................................................. 2-6

2.4.1 Florida Department of Environmental Protection........................ 2-6 2.4.2 FDEP Permit Requirements......................................................... 2-9 2.4.3 South Florida Water Management District ................................ 2-13

2.5 City of Fort Myers Code of Ordinances Requirements ......................... 2-14 3.0 FORT MYERS RECLAIMED WATER SYSTEM ............................................ 3-1

3.1 Wastewater Treatment Facilities.............................................................. 3-1 3.1.1 General......................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.2 Wastewater Treatment Capacity .................................................. 3-1 3.1.3 Treatment Process........................................................................ 3-2

3.2 Reclaimed Water Production Facility...................................................... 3-3 3.2.1 General......................................................................................... 3-4 3.2.2 Treatment Capacity...................................................................... 3-4 3.2.3 Treatment Process........................................................................ 3-4 3.2.4 Onsite Finished Storage ............................................................... 3-5 3.2.5 Distribution System ..................................................................... 3-5

3.3 Existing Reclaimed Water Use ................................................................ 3-6 3.3.1 Existing Users .............................................................................. 3-6 3.3.2 User Characteristics ..................................................................... 3-8 3.3.3 Historical Reclaimed Water Use.................................................. 3-9 3.3.4 Seasonal Trends ......................................................................... 3-11 3.3.5 Historical Potable Water Irrigation Use..................................... 3-12

City of Fort Myers Reclaimed Water Master Plan Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Table of Contents ii


TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

PAGE

3.4 Existing System Configuration .............................................................. 3-14 3.4.1 Perceived System Deficiencies .................................................. 3-14 3.4.2 Planned Improvements............................................................... 3-15 3.4.3 Billing Rates............................................................................... 3-16

4.0 EVALUATION OF EXISTING SYSTEM ......................................................... 4-1

4.1 Distribution System Hydraulic Model ..................................................... 4-1 4.2 System Performance Criteria ................................................................... 4-2

4.2.1 CAWWTP and CRWPF Capacity Limitations............................ 4-2 4.2.2 Distribution Pump Capacity......................................................... 4-3 4.2.3 System Storage............................................................................. 4-3 4.2.4 Distribution System Pressure Requirements................................ 4-3 4.2.5 Distribution System Head Loss Requirements ............................ 4-3

4.3 Demand Allocation .................................................................................. 4-4 4.3.1 Existing Distribution System Model............................................ 4-5 4.3.2 Model Calibration ........................................................................ 4-7

4.4 Identification of Existing System Deficiencies........................................ 4-8 4.5 CAWWTP and CRWPF Effluent Flow Analysis .................................. 4-12

5.0 FUTURE RECLAIMED WATER SUPPLY AND DEMANDS ....................... 5-1 5.1 Future Reclaimed Water Supply.............................................................. 5-1

5.1.1 Treatment Capacity...................................................................... 5-1 5.1.2 Reclaimed Water Availability...................................................... 5-2

5.2 Identification of New Potential Reclaimed Water Users ........................ 5-2 5.2.1 Previous Studies Review.............................................................. 5-3 5.2.2 Discussions with City Staff.......................................................... 5-3 5.2.3 Correspondence with City Departments and Developers ............ 5-4

5.3 Future User Demands .............................................................................. 5-4 5.3.1 Calculation of Future User Maximum Demands ......................... 5-4 5.3.2 Future Reclaimed Water Users by Service Areas........................ 5-7 5.3.3 Demand Patterns .......................................................................... 5-9

5.4 Excess Water Storage and Disposal Options ......................................... 5-11 5.4.1 Excess Treated Effluent and Reclaimed Water Produced ......... 5-11 5.4.2 Discharge to the Caloosahatchee River ..................................... 5-12 5.4.3 Rapid Infiltration Basins ............................................................ 5-13 5.4.4 Shallow Aquifer Recharge Injection Wells ............................... 5-14 5.4.5 Deep Injection Wells.................................................................. 5-14 5.4.6 Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) ....................................... 5-15 5.4.7 Discharge through Regional Interconnections........................... 5-16

City of Fort Myers Reclaimed Water Master Plan Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Table of Contents iii



PAGE

6.0 MODEL EVALUATION OF FUTURE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM................ 6-1

6.1 Model Performance Criteria .................................................................... 6-1 6.2 2009 Model .............................................................................................. 6-2

6.2.1 Piping Required for the 2009 Model ........................................... 6-3 6.2.2 2009 Model Pressures .................................................................. 6-6 6.2.3 Potential 2009 Interconnection Location ..................................... 6-7 6.2.4 Excess Wastewater Effluent and Reclaimed Water Produced..... 6-7

6.3 2024 Model .............................................................................................. 6-7 6.3.1 Piping Required for the 2024 Model ........................................... 6-8 6.3.2 2024 Model Pressures ................................................................ 6-11 6.3.3 Potential 2024 Interconnection Locations ................................. 6-13 6.3.4 Excess Wastewater Effluent and Reclaimed Water Produced... 6-13

7.0 COST ESTIMATE FOR FUTURE IMPROVEMENTS..................................... 7-1

7.1 Basis of Cost ............................................................................................ 7-1 7.2 5-Year Improvements .............................................................................. 7-2

7.2.1 Production Improvements............................................................ 7-2 7.2.2 Interconnection ............................................................................ 7-2 7.2.3 Distribution Piping....................................................................... 7-3

7.3 20-Year Improvements ............................................................................ 7-5 7.3.1 Production Improvements............................................................ 7-5 7.3.2 Interconnection ............................................................................ 7-6 7.3.3 Distribution Piping....................................................................... 7-7

7.4 Reclaimed Water Revenue Projection ..................................................... 7-9 7.5 Cost Savings Attributed to the Use of Reclaimed Water....................... 7-11 7.6 Funding Sources..................................................................................... 7-11

7.6.1 FDEP State Revolving Fund Load Program.............................. 7-12 7.6.2 SFWMD Alternate Water Supply (AWS) Grant Program ........ 7-12 7.6.3 Funding Strategy........................................................................ 7-13

8.0 SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................. 8-1

8.1 Findings and Conclusions ........................................................................ 8-1 8.1.1 Existing Reclaimed Water System............................................... 8-1 8.1.2 Regulatory Summary ................................................................... 8-2 8.1.3 Historic and Projected Reclaimed Water Demands..................... 8-3 8.1.4 Operational Control ..................................................................... 8-5 8.1.5 Reliability of Reclaimed Water ................................................... 8-6

City of Fort Myers Reclaimed Water Master Plan Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Table of Contents iv



PAGE

8.1.6 Costs and Improvements associated with Future Reclaimed Water Improvements.................................................................... 8-6

8.2 Recommendations.................................................................................... 8-7 8.2.1 Future Planning Initiatives ........................................................... 8-7 8.2.2 Future Infrastructure Requirements ........................................... 8-10

LIST OF TABLES Table Following/On No. Description Page

ES.1 Existing User Average and Maximum Demands..............................................ES-2 ES.2 Existing and Future Reclaimed Production Capacity .......................................ES-3 ES.3 Future Projected Demands and Capacities........................................................ES-3 ES.4 Future Distribution System Costs .....................................................................ES-4 ES-5 Interconnection Costs for 2009..........................................................................ES-5 ES-6 Interconnection Costs for 2010 through 2024 ...................................................ES-5 ES-7 Costs for New Piping Needed by 2009..............................................................ES-6 ES-8 Piping Costs for 2010 through 2024 ..................................................................ES-7 1.1 1992 Master Plan Projected Buildout Wastewater and Reclaimed Flows........... 1-3 2.1 Inorganic and Organic Constituents of Concern in Reclaimed Water................. 2-3 2.2 Federal Guidelines for Various Types of Reuse Applications............................. 2-5 2.3 Secondary Treatment Standards from 40 CFR Part 133...................................... 2-4 2.4 FAC Chapter 62-600, Requirements for Domestic Wastewater Facilities .......... 2-7 2.5 Monitoring Schedule for Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent ......................... 2-8 2.6 Existing Effluent Quality Requirements for Surface Water Discharge ............. 2-10 2.7 Existing Effluent Quality Requirements for Reuse and Land Application for the Central AWWTF .................................................................................... 2-11 2.8 Summary of Reclaimed Water Effluent Analysis Reports for the Central RWPF.................................................................................................... 2-12 2.9 Applicable Regulations as Stated in the Citys Code ........................................ 2-14 3.1 Approximate Length of Existing Reclaimed Water Distribution Piping............. 3-6 3.2 Existing User Characteristics............................................................................... 3-9 3.3 Historical Reclaimed Water Use.......................................................................... 3-9 3.4 Annual Average Reclaimed Water Demands for Existing Users ...................... 3-10 3.5 Monthly Potable Water Irrigation Meter Demands for 2003............................. 3-13 4.1 Model Performance Criteria ................................................................................ 4-2

City of Fort Myers Reclaimed Water Master Plan Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Table of Contents v



LIST OF TABLES (Continued)

Table Following/On No. Description Page

4.2 Existing Reclaimed Water Distribution System Customer Model Scenario Demands .............................................................................................................. 4-4 4.3 Existing Reclaimed Model Pipes ......................................................................... 4-6 4.4 Summary of Model Output vs. Performance Criteria ......................................... 4-8 4.5 Pressures for Reclaimed Water Users for the Maximum Demand Scenario ..... 4-10 4.6 Summary of Effluent Volumes from the CAWWTF and CRWPF for the Average and Maximum Demand Scenarios ...................................................... 4-12 5.1 Future Wastewater Treatment and Reclaimed Water Production Capacities...... 5-2 5.2 Projected Wastewater AADF and Maximum Possible Reclaimed Water

Production............................................................................................................ 5-2 5.3 Future Reclaimed Water Customers .................................................................... 5-5 5.4 Total Potential Reclaimed Water Demand .......................................................... 5-7 5.5 Future Maximum Demands By Service Area...................................................... 5-7 5.6 New User Demand Patterns ............................................................................... 5-10 5.7 Summary of Projected Excess Wastewater Effluent and Excess Reclaimed Water Supply ..................................................................................................... 5-12 6.1 Model Performance Criteria ................................................................................ 6-2 6.2 Existing Piping Used in the 2009 Model ............................................................. 6-3 6.3 New Piping Needed for the 2009 Model ............................................................. 6-4 6.4 Minimum Distribution Pressures for the 2009 Model ......................................... 6-6 6.5 Total 1-week Flow Volumes for the 2009 Model................................................ 6-7 6.6 Existing Piping Used in the 2024 Model ............................................................. 6-8 6.7 New Piping Needed for the 2024 Model ............................................................. 6-9 6.8 Minimum Distribution Pressures for the 2024 Model ....................................... 6-11 6.9 Total 1-week Flow Volumes for the 2024 Model.............................................. 6-13 7.1 Cost Estimate for the Gateway Interconnection .................................................. 7-3 7.2 Costs for Piping Needed by 2009 ........................................................................ 7-3 7.3 Interconnection Costs for 2010 through 2024 ..................................................... 7-6 7.4 Piping Costs for 2010 through 2024 .................................................................... 7-8 7.5 Existing and Projected Revenue from Reclaimed Water Billing......................... 7-9 7.6 Projected Revenue Potential from Interconnections.......................................... 7-10 8.1 Historical and Projected Minimum Three-Month Rolling Average Wastewater

Flows.................................................................................................................... 8-4 8.2 Historical and Projected Lowest Three Month Average Wastewater Flows ... 8-5 8.3 Recommended City Parks for Reclaimed Water Irrigation ................................. 8-8

City of Fort Myers Reclaimed Water Master Plan Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Table of Contents vi

CITY OF FORT MYERS

RECLAIMED WATER MASTER PLAN


LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Following/On No. Description Page

ES.1 Existing and Proposed Reclaimed Water Users.................................................ES-3 ES.2 Future Reclaimed Water Distribution Piping Grid ............................................ES-4 1.1 Reclaimed Water Service Areas ......................................................................... 1-4 3.1 Wastewater Treatment Facility Locations .......................................................... 3-1 3.2 Organization Chart for the Central and South AWWTPs ................................. 3-2 3.3 Aeration Tank at the South AWWTP .................................................................. 3-2 3.4 Five-Stage Bardenpho Treatment Process Schematic ......................................... 3-3 3.5 Clarifiers at the Central AWWTP........................................................................ 3-3 3.6 CAWWTP Filter Building ................................................................................... 3-4 3.7 Reclaimed Treatment Process Schematic ............................................................ 3-4 3.8 Central RPF Storage Tank and Effluent Pumping............................................... 3-5 3.9 Existing Reclaimed Water Users and Distribution System Configuration.......... 3-6 3.10 J.B. Schultz City Nursery..................................................................................... 3-7 3.11 Lee County Resource Recovery Facility ............................................................. 3-7 3.12 Median Irrigation on Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd........................................ 3-8 3.13 Annual Average Reclaimed Flows .................................................................... 3-10 3.14 Monthly Reclaimed Average Flows .................................................................. 3-11 3.15 Seasonal Trends 1997 through 2003.................................................................. 3-12 3.16 2003 Monthly Potable Water Irrigation Demand .............................................. 3-13 3.17 Water and Sewer Main Replacement Project .................................................... 3-16 4.1 Existing Reclaimed User Demand Factors .......................................................... 4-5 4.2 Existing Average and Maximum Scenario Model Demands............................... 4-6 4.3 Existing Reclaimed Water Distribution Model Pipe Diameters and Nodes Elevations........................................................................................... 4-6 4.4 Comparison of Model and Actual Hourly Flows................................................. 4-7 4.5 Flow Info and Out of the CPWPF Storage .......................................................... 4-9 4.6 CRWPF Tank Levels ........................................................................................... 4-9 4.7 Existing Maximum Demand Scenario Pressure and Head Loss........................ 4-10 4.8 Pressure at the LCRRF....................................................................................... 4-11 4.9 Hydraulic Grade Line from the CRWPF to the LCRRF.................................... 4-11

5.1 Existing and Proposed Reclaimed Water Users................................................... 5-7 5.2 Interconnection and ASR Locations Identified by SFWMD in the RIDS Plan ................................................................................................ 5-16

City of Fort Myers Reclaimed Water Master Plan Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Table of Contents vii



LIST OF FIGURES (Continued)

Figure Following/On No. Description Page

6.1 2009 Future Distribution Piping Phases .............................................................. 6-3 6.2 2009 Future Distribution Piping Diameters......................................................... 6-4 6.3 2024 Future Distribution Piping Phases .............................................................. 6-8 6.4 2024 Future Distribution Piping Diameters......................................................... 6-8

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Description A Previous Reclaimed Water Planning Recommended Improvements B Reclaimed Water or Effluent Analysis Report, 2001-2003 C City of Fort Myers Code of Ordinance, Chapter 26, Article V D City of Fort Myers Code of Ordinance, Chapter 26, Article X

City of Fort Myers Reclaimed Water Master Plan Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Executive Summary ES-1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Malcolm Pirnie has completed this Reclaimed Water Master Plan to review the

existing infrastructure and recommend system improvements for the City of Fort Myers

reclaimed water production and distribution system for short term (5-year) and long term

(20-year) planning horizons.

The City plans to expand the reclaimed water treatment capacity at the Central

AWWTP and construct new production capacity at the South AWWTP for a total

reclaimed production capacity of 15 mgd. Plans to build a third wastewater treatment

plant in the East side of the City will also provide additional reclaimed water capacity to

the City. The current reclaimed water distribution system will be expanded to maximize

reclaimed water utilization within the City.

Malcolm Pirnie also plans to train City staff to use the GIS model that was

prepared for this report of the distribution system production and piping network for

future infrastructure planning efforts.

Existing Reclaimed Production and Distribution System The 2.0 mgd capacity Reclaimed Water Production Facility (RWPF) currently

produces approximately 700,000 gallons per day of high quality reclaimed water from

their Central Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant (CAWWTP). Secondary effluent

generated from the CAWWTP is filtered through sand filters and disinfected with

chlorine. A 1-MG ground storage reservoir and 75-horsepower, 150-ft TDH, 1,400 gpm

pumps are controlled by variable frequency drives to provide storage and pumping

capacity for the distribution system, which currently serves seven users. Nearly 28 miles

of irrigation piping have been installed, but not all of the piping is presently serving

customers.


Existing System Model

The existing reclaimed water distribution system was modeled for the average and

peak demands of the current seven users to determine if any existing system deficiencies

are present. The average and peak demands of the existing seven reclaimed water users

included in the model are summarized in Table ES.1.

Table ES.1: Existing User Average and Maximum Demands

User Name Average Demand (mgd) Maximum

Demand (mgd)

Red Sox Minor League Facility 0.051 0.148 J. B. Schutz City Nursery 0.046 0.106 City of Fort Myers, WTP 0.006 0.028 Lee County Resource Recovery Facility 0.555 1.014 Buckingham Community Park 0.031 0.075 Medians on Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd. 0.019 0.087

Housing Authority 0.009 0.026 Total Existing Demands 0.717 1.484

The model results showed that the current reclaimed production and distribution

system can meet the peak demands of existing City customers and maintain pressure of

45 psi to the Lee County Resource Recovery Facility. The production facilities and

piping distribution network for the existing model were then expanded to serve future

customers for the future 5-year (2009) and 20-year (2024) model scenarios.

Future Production Improvements For the 5-year future model, the reclaimed water production at the Central

Reclaimed Production Facility is expanded to 6.0 mgd capacity and a new 9.0 mgd

capacity is built at the South AWWTP. For the 20-year future model an additional

wastewater treatment facility with 8.0 mgd reclaimed capacity is built at a new East

AWWTP location. The Citys future reclaimed production capacity assumed for the

existing and future reclaimed models are summarized below in Table ES.2.


Table ES.2: Existing and Future Maximum Reclaimed Production Capacity

Reclaimed Production Facility Reclaimed Production Capacity Central RWPF South RWPF East RWPF

Total Reclaimed Capacity

Existing 2.0 mgd N/A N/A 2.0 mgd 2009 6.0 mgd 9.0 mgd N/A 15.0 mgd 2024 6.0 mgd 9.0 mgd 8.0 mgd 23.0 mgd

Future Users Forty-eight additional reclaimed water users were identified and included as

future customers within the City limits. The future proposed reclaimed water customers

consist of:

City parks Golf courses New residential developments New commercial developments Some existing residential and commercial customers along reclaimed water

piping routes Expansion of the Lee County Resource Recovery Facility

The names and locations of the future reclaimed users are shown in Figure ES.1.

The total reclaimed user demand does not equal the maximum reclaimed capacity for the

future scenarios. The maximum identified reclaimed user demands and excess reclaimed

capacities for the future 2009 and 2024 scenarios are summarized in Table ES.3.

Table ES.3: Future Projected Demands and Capacities

Future Scenario Maximum Reclaimed User Demands

Excess Reclaimed Treatment Capacity

2009 6.26 mgd 8.74 mgd

2024 15.15 mgd 7.85 mgd

37366263

39

5

35

33

8

0 18

211

21

10

17

1

24

22

19

7212

20

1516

23

59

61

29

9

38 28

6

26

56

13

3

583014

57

53

66

69 6871

73

34

4

67

60

64

32

27

42

25

524754

739

70

4845 46

50

65

55

41

49

31

40

51

City of Fort Myers Reclaimed Water Master PlanExisting and Proposed Reclaimed Water Users

Figure ES.1October 2005

LegendParcelsReclaimed Users

1 - Buckingham Community Park 2 - Lee County Resource Recovery Facility 3 - City Nursery 4 - Housing Authority 5 - Medians on MLK 6 - Red Sox Minor League Facility 7 - City of Fort Myers, WTP 8 - Eastwood Golf Course 9 - Lee County Resource Recovery Facility Expansion10 - Heritage Lakes11 - Eastwood Golf Course Expansion12 - Forum Development (Omni) 13 - Orchard14 - Development S of 82, E of Treeline Extension15 - Colonial Plaza16 - Sherwood17 - Pelican Preserve Golf Courses18 - Pelican Preserve 19 - Colonial Golf & Country Club (Golf Course)20 - Colonial Golf & Country Club (Residential)21 - Arborwood Course22 - Arborwood Residential23 - Palomino Reflection Isles24 - Paseo25 - Pratt Commercial Users26 - Heritage Palms Golf Course27 - Heritage Palms28 - Province Park29 - Berkshire30 - Colonial Properties DRI31 - Dupree Park32 - Dunbar Park33 - Winkler Neighborhood34 - Fleishman Little League Ball field35 - McGregor Boulevard

36 - Seminole Park37 - Jefferson Park38 - Ft. Myers Country Club39 - West of McGregor 40 - Coronado Park41 - Lions Park42 - Red Sox Main Field43 - Yawkey Park44 - Five Points Park45 - Centennial Park46 - Downtown 47 - East Downtown48 - Clemente Park49 - Cook Lake Park 50 - Riverside Park51- Freemont Park52 - Shady Oaks Park53 - Terry Park54 - Police Athletic(Billy Bowlegs Park)55 - Dean Park56 - Zemel South57 - Lee Blvd Plaza58 - Cypress Woods59 - Colonial Plantation60 - Proposed Residential61 - Casa La Linda62 - McGregor Oaks Townhomes63 - Lennar Homes/Matera64 - International College65 - Golden Corral Restaurant66 - Walmart at Colonial67 - Lowes68 - Watermen Development69 - Winkler 3970 - Cypress Point Commercial71 - Bernwood72 - Olympia Point73 - Apex/Publix


Future Distribution Modeling

The future modeling was completed for future 5-year and 20-year scenarios. The

production improvements listed above were included. The new distribution piping

diameters were sized to reduce cost while providing adequate pressure to the reclaimed

users for a one week simulation period. The piping routes were chosen for the perceived

path of least resistance. The model also included storage for potential interconnections

with Lehigh Acres and Gateway, located between the Gateway and Arborwood

developments, and with Cape Coral, located at the east end of the Mid Point Bridge.

These interconnections were also locations for offsite storage. The proposed piping grid

and interconnection locations for the 2009 and 2024 future scenarios are shown in Figure

ES.2.

Costs A summary of the production capacity upgrades, distribution system piping

improvements as per the modeling results, and the potential interconnection costs are

presented in Table ES.4. A breakdown of the costs for the interconnections and new

piping are listed in Tables ES.5, ES.6, ES.7 and ES.8. The production capacity cost for

the 5-year planning period includes upgrades to the CRWRF and SRWRF. For the 20-

year planning period, the production capacity cost accounts for construction of a new

East RWPF.

Table ES.4: Future Distribution System Costs

Planning Horizon Production Capacity ($ in millions)

Distribution System Piping

($ in millions)

Interconnections ($ in millions)

5-year $17 $10.5 $0.7

20-year $13 $5.3 $1.8

Total $30 $15.8 $2.5

Grand Total $48.3

Future Reclaimed Water Distribution Piping Grid

Prepared By: Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. City of Fort Myers Reclaimed Water Master Plan Figure ES.2


Table ES.5 Interconnection Costs for 2009

Item Cost per Unit Quantity Units Estimated

Costs Gateway Interconnection

12-inch Diameter Pipeline $60 5,700 ft $342,000 Control Valve $10,000 1 valve cost $10,000 Flow Meter $20,000 1 meter cost $20,000

Subtotal $372,000

Engineering Design Fee 10% $3,592,000 pump station cost $359,200

Contingency 20% $3,592,000 pump station cost $718,400

Operations and Maintenance $5,000 1 years $5,000 Total Cost Estimate for the Gateway Interconnection $1,454,600

Table ES.6: Interconnection Costs for 2010 through 2024

Item Cost per

unit Quantity Units Estimated

Costs Cape Coral Interconnection

16-inch pipeline from the SRWPF $80 6,100 ft $488,000

16-inch pipeline across the Caloosahatchee River $200 10,000 ft $2,000,000

Control Valve $15,000 1 valve cost $15,000 Flow Meter $30,000 1 meter cost $30,000

Subtotal $2,533,000

Engineering Design Fee 10% $2,533,000 pump station cost $253,300

Contingency 20% $2,533,000 pump station cost $506,600

Operations and Maintenance $10,000 10 years $100,000 Total Cost Estimate for the Cape Coral Interconnection $3,392,900

Lehigh Acres Interconnection Control Valve $15,000 1 valve cost $15,000 Flow Meter $30,000 1 meter cost $30,000

Subtotal $45,000

Engineering Design Fee 10% $45,000 pump station cost $4,500

Contingency 20% $45,000 pump station cost $9,000

Operations and Maintenance $5,000 14 years $70,000 Total Cost Estimate for the Lehigh Acres Interconnection $128,500

Gateway Interconnection Operations and Maintenance $5,000 15 years $75,000

Total Cost Estimate for the Gateway Interconnection $75,000 Total Interconnection Costs from 2010 through 2024 $3,596,400


Table ES.7 Costs for New Piping Needed by 2009

Street Location Length (ft) Diameter (in)

Total Approximate

Cost Carrell Service Area

Carrell Road 18,500 24 $ 2,931,000 5,300 16 $ 560,000

Veronica Shoemaker Boulevard 1,100 10 $ 73,000 Subtotal Carrell Service Area Piping Cost $ 3,564,000

Downtown Service Area Central Avenue 500 10 $ 33,000 Edison Avenue 700 6 $ 28,000 First Street 1,700 8 $ 90,000 Jackson Street 1,100 4 $ 30,000 Lafayette Street 2,100 8 $ 111,000 McGregor Boulevard 800 4 $ 22,000 US 41 700 4 $ 19,000

Subtotal Downtown Service Area Piping Cost $ 333,000 McGregor Service Area

Carrell Road 1,600 24 $ 254,000 DeLeon Street 8,300 24 $ 1,315,000 Edison Avenue 1,400 6 $ 56,000 Euclid Avenue 500 6 $ 20,000 FTM Golf to DeLeon 1,300 24 $ 206,000

1,900 12 $ 151,000 Ft. Myers Country Club 1,200 24 $ 191,000 Victoria Avenue 800 6 $ 32,000

Subtotal McGregor Service Area Piping Cost $ 2,225,000 Dr. Martin Luther King Service Area

2,200 8 $ 117,000 Cranford Avenue 800 6 $ 32,000 Edison Avenue 2,600 16 $ 275,000 High Street 1,400 6 $ 56,000 Indian Street 2,000 6 $ 80,000 Michigan Street 600 10 $ 40,000 Palm Avenue 700 6 $ 28,000 Ford Street 5,300 16 $ 560,000 Veronica Shoemaker Boulevard 7,800 16 $ 824,000

Subtotal Dr. Martin Luther King Service Area Piping Cost $ 2,012,000

\


Table ES.7 Costs for New Piping Needed by 2009 (Continued)

Street Location Length (ft) Diameter (in)

Total Approximate

Cost East Service Area

2,600 20 $ 344,000 Colonial Boulevard 900 16 $ 96,000

Subtotal East Service Area Piping Cost $ 440,000 Southeast Service Area

Colonial Country Club 100 16 $ 11,000 Gateway Interconnection 5,700 12 $ 452,000 Pelican Preserve 100 12 $ 8,000

2,700 16 $ 286,000 South Treeline Avenue 700 10 $ 47,000

3,500 20 $ 462,000 Treeline Avenue 5,700 16 $ 602,000

Subtotal East Service Area Piping Cost $ 1,868,000 South Service Area

Ben C. Pratt Parkway 100 16 $ 11,000 Subtotal East Service Area Piping Cost $ 11,000

Total 2009 System New Piping Costs $ 10,453,000

Table ES.8: Piping Costs for 2010 through 2024

Street Location Length (ft) Diameter (in) Approximate Cost Carrell Service Area

Broadway Solomon 3000 4 $ 80,000 Schoolhouse Road 700 10 $ 47,000 Colonial Boulevard from Veronica 2200 4 $ 59,000 Veronica Shoemaker Boulevard 900 6 $ 36,000

Subtotal Carrell Service Area $ 222,000 Downtown Service Area

1st Street 3100 8 $ 164,000 Palm Beach Boulevard 1300 8 $ 69,000

Subtotal Downtown Service Area $ 233,000


Table ES.8: New Piping Costs for 2010 through 2024 (Continued)

Street Location Length (ft) Diameter (in) Approximate Cost McGregor Service Area

Arthur Avenue 700 4 $ 19,000 Barkley and Royal Palm Square 5100 20 $ 674,000 Coronado Road 1900 4 $ 51,000 Cortez Boulevard 2200 4 $ 59,000 Jefferson Avenue 400 8 $ 22,000 La Palma Lane 800 12 $ 64,000 McGregor Boulevard 900 16 $ 96,000 Matera 1200 4 $ 32,000 Princeton Avenue 900 10 $ 60,000 Shadow Lane 1800 6 $ 72,000 Winkler Avenue 600 10 $ 40,000

Subtotal McGregor Service Area $ 1,189,000 Dr. Martin Luther King Service Area

Dupree Street 900 4 $ 24,000 1800 4 $ 48,000

Edison Avenue 4100 10 $ 271,000 Marsh Avenue 3100 4 $ 82,000 Michigan Street 2800 8 $ 148,000 Veronica Shoemaker Boulevard 2000 10 $ 132,000

Subtotal Dr. Martin Luther King Service Area $ 705,000 East Service Area

Colonial Boulevard 5400 20 $ 713,000 Lee Boulevard 2100 20 $ 278,000 Lee Boulevard to Buckingham Road 2300 20 $ 304,000 North Treeline Avenue 2400 8 $ 127,000

Subtotal East Service Area $ 1,422,000 Southeast Service Area

Arborwood to Reflection Isles 5,100 10 $ 337,000 Reflection Isles 3,000 10 $ 198,000 Reflection Isles to Paseo 3,800 10 $ 251,000

Subtotal Southeast Service Area $ 786,000


Table ES.8: New Piping Costs for 2010 through 2024 (Continued)

Street Location Length (ft) Diameter (in) Approximate Cost Palm Beach Service Area

4700 8 $ 249,000 Bell Street 1000 6 $ 40,000 East Riverside Drive 1300 4 $ 35,000

700 8 $ 37,000 Marion Avenue 2400 4 $ 64,000

1100 4 $ 30,000 Palm Beach Boulevard 3000 6 $ 119,000 Royalston Avenue 2500 4 $ 66,000 Terry Avenue 600 4 $ 16,000 Veronica Shoemaker Boulevard 900 10 $ 60,000

Subtotal South Service Area $ 716,000 Total 2024 System New Piping Costs $ 5,273,000

Funding

The projected revenues from reclaimed users total $19.8 million over the next 20

years. The city will need to increase reclaimed rates to cover the cost of the

improvements, or will need to investigate other methods of funding including State

Revolving Funds, grants. The cost estimates assume that Lehigh Acres, Lee County, and

the City of Cape Coral will contribute 50% of the costs to construct interconnections.

The City could have residential developers complete the installation of some reclaimed

transmission mains in return for reduced taxes until the cost of the mains are reimbursed.

Recommendations

We recommend the City move forward with reclaimed water production capacity

as required by their water and wastewater permits. The distribution of reclaimed water to

customers and adjacent municipalities should be maximized by completion of the

infrastructure improvements listed above. We also recommend that the following

initiatives be pursued by the City:


Encourage reclaimed water for new developments Implement reclaimed water irrigation at select City parks Require storage at user locations to reduce peak demands As reuse system is implemented, seek to reduce quantity of effluent

discharged to the Caloosahatchee River from the CAWWTP and SAWWTP Expedite reclaimed water storage and pumping facilities at the East

AWWTP location to have storage and pumping capacity by 2009. Install RIBs or deepwell injection at the East AWWTP for disposal of

excess effluent and reject reclaimed water Explore the opportunity to construct interconnections in partnership with

Gateway, Lehigh Acres, and the City of Cape Coral

City of Fort Myers Reclaimed Water Master Plan Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Section 1: Introduction 1-1

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Malcolm Pirnie has prepared this Reclaimed Water Master Plan report for the

City of Fort Myers as part of our contract to provide professional engineering services for

master planning of the Citys potable water, wastewater, and reclaimed water systems.

This Master Plan is based on an independent evaluation of the reclaimed water

distribution system facilities, and provides the City with a plan to prepare for the

expansion of the reclaimed treatment and distribution system through the year 2024.

The City of Fort Myers (City) currently produces approximately 700,000 gallons

per day of high quality reclaimed water from their 2.0 mgd capacity Reclaimed Water

Production Facility (RWPF) located at their Central Advanced Wastewater Treatment

Plant (CAWWTP).

The CAWWTP and South Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant (SAWWTP)

have a combined wastewater capacity of 23 mgd AADF and currently treat a combined

average of 13 million gallons of sewage each day from both the City and County

residents. The City plans to expand the reclaimed water treatment capacity at the Central

AWWTP and construct new production capacity at the SAWWTP for a total future

reclaimed production capacity of 15 mgd. Plans to build a third wastewater treatment

plant in the East side of the City will provide additional reclaimed water capacity to the

City. The current reclaimed water distribution system will be expanded to maximize

future reclaimed water utilization within the City.

1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE

This Master Plan will assist the City in planning for increased wastewater effluent

quantities from the Citys treatment facilities, as well as future requirements for an

increased effluent disposal through an expanded reclaimed water distribution system.

This Master Plan will provide a guide and a phased system improvements

implementation schedule for expanding the Citys reclaimed water system over the next 5

and 20-year planning periods. The purpose of the Master Plan is to develop practical and

economical strategies for expanding service and increasing the reclaimed water system

customer base, both in the near-term and the long-term.


The goals and objectives of the Reclaimed Water Master Plan project generally

include the following:

Identification of potential future reclaimed water customers. Projection of future reclaimed water supply, quality, and demands. Identification of the City of Fort Myers costs to serve new customers. Prioritization of potential customers based on cost to provide service and the

volume of use.

A key component of this master planning effort was the development of an

interactive GIS model of the Citys reclaimed water distribution system using H2OMAP

software. The model was used to analyze existing deficiencies and plan for future

demands associated with system growth for 5-year and 20-year milestones. Malcolm

Pirnie worked with City planning and growth staff to determine applicable criteria for

future modeling scenarios, such as location of future customers, corresponding demands,

and City-wide storage requirements. The model will be turned over to the City at the

end of the Master Planning effort. Malcolm Pirnie will also provide training to City staff

for their use of the modeling software.

This Master Plan provides recommendations on distribution storage and pumping

requirements and the required pipeline routing to provide service to future customers. A

cost estimate is also included for the recommended storage, pumping, and piping

improvements.

1.2 PREVIOUS RECLAIMED WATER PLANNING

Previous master planning efforts were performed within the City of Fort Myers

that provided the City with a substantial amount of information in regards to a future

potential for reclaimed water demand throughout the City. Future customers were

identified and a basis for reclaimed water demand within the City was established.

1.2.1 1992 Reclaimed Water Master Plan The City of Fort Myers Reclaimed Water Master Plan was prepared in 1992 by

Boyle Engineering. This master plan identified potential reclaimed water demand for

various types of users (irrigation, indoor, industrial, and fire), and also determined the


facility and distribution system modifications necessary for inclusion of a reclaimed

water production facility. The projected wastewater and reclaimed production flows at

buildout condition from the 1992 Master plan are summarized below in Table 1.1. The

report included recommendations for plant upgrades and interconnections between the

plants. Table 1.1: 1992 Master Plan Projected Buildout Wastewater and Reclaimed Flows

Flow (mgd) CAWWTP SAWWTP New East AWWTP Total 1992 Wastewater Treatment AADF Capacity 11 12 N/A 22

Future Wastewater AADF Capacity 11 16 10 37

Maximum Reclaimed Production 4 16 10 30 Wet Weather Reclaimed Demand 16.8 Dry Weather Reclaimed Demand 28.0

This Master Plan was the first step toward developing a comprehensive program

to initiate the use of reclaimed water by the City; however few of the recommendations

were implemented. Table A.1 provided in Appendix A summarizes the improvements

recommended in the 1992 Reclaimed Water Master Plan report.

1.2.2 Effluent Resource Planning Report, March 2001 The City of Fort Myers Effluent Resource Planning Report was prepared by

Camp, Dresser, & McKee in March 2001. This document provided an update of the

existing reuse supply commitments and identified potential reuse customers to satisfy the

estimated future reclaimed water demands. Eighteen potential reclaimed water users

were identified, providing a total demand of approximately 7.4 mgd, in addition to the

Citys existing 0.7 mgd of reclaimed water demand. Projected reclaimed water demand

for 2005 and 2010 was estimated to be 3.8 mgd and 8.1 mgd, respectively. The effluent

disposal alternatives of deep well injection and aquifer storage and recovery were

evaluated for different combinations of wastewater, reclaimed water, and reverse osmosis

concentrate produced at the Citys water treatment plant.

Table A.2 provided in Appendix A lists the improvements recommended in the

2001 Effluent Resource Planning Report. This 2001 Planning Report served as the basis

for developing this Reclaimed Water Master Plan.


1.3 PLANNING AREA

The City wishes to limit the reclaimed planning area to the existing City limits.

Existing reclaimed water piping exists throughout the City and was installed during initial

road and development construction. Due to the Citys current priority to target large,

bulk users of reclaimed water, some of the pipes are not currently being used to provide

flow to customers.

The reclaimed service area has been divided into named service areas, as shown

in Figure 1.1, and described below by its bordering streets:

Downtown Service Area - downtown area including East and West First Street, the area north of Edison Avenue and west of Evans Avenue.

McGregor Service Area - the area west of Cleveland Avenue and south of Downtown.

Palm Beach Service Area east of Evans Avenue and north of Michigan Avenue.

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Service Area south of Michigan Avenue and north of Edison Avenue, east of Evans Avenue and to the west of Ortiz Avenue.

Carrel Service Area - east of Cleveland Avenue, west of Interstate 75, north of Colonial Boulevard, and south of Canal Street.

South Service Area - west of Interstate 75 and south of Colonial Boulevard East Service Area - east of Veronica Shoemaker Boulevard, north of

Colonial Boulevard and south of Canal Street. Southeast Service Area - south of Colonial Boulevard and east of Interstate

75 consists of the Southeast service area.

City of Fort Myers Reclaimed Water Master Plan Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Section 2 Regulatory Framework 2-1

2.0 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

The Citys Reclaimed Water Production Facility and reclaimed water distribution

system are governed by numerous Federal, State, and local laws, regulations, policies,

and agreements. The reclaimed water system is subject to the regulatory requirements of

the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the Florida Department of

Environmental Protection (FDEP), and the South Florida Water Management District

(SFWMD). The reclaimed water system must comply with standards set by the State and

the Citys Code of Ordinances including the use of properly treated wastewater effluent,

wherever possible.

2.1 REGULATORY BACKGROUND

The City of Fort Myers Wastewater Treatment Division consists of two regional

Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plants. The Central Advanced Wastewater Treatment

Plant (CAWWTP) is located at 1501 Raleigh Street and is designed to treat 11 million

gallons of wastewater per day. The South Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant

(SAWWTP), located at 1618 South Drive, is designed to treat 12 million gallons per day.

These plants treat wastewater from all of the City of Fort Myers and much of Lee

County. The majority of the treated effluent from the two plants is discharged to the

Caloosahatchee River. However, a portion of the Central Plant effluent is diverted to the

Central Reclaimed Water Production Facility (CRWPF), located at the CAWWTP, and

further treated to reclaimed water standards for irrigation and industrial process purposes.

The CRWPF has a permitted maximum month treatment capacity of 2 million

gallons per day (mgd) and a permitted annual average daily flow capacity of 1.51 mgd.

The existing system serves 7 customers with high quality reclaimed water that is used for

both industrial and irrigation purposes. Provisions for the CRWPF to be upgraded to a

capacity of 6 mgd are currently under way. In addition, design of a South Reclaimed

Water Production Facility (SRWPF) with a 9 mgd capacity is currently in the works.

According to the Citys 2000 Water Use Permit, this 15 mgd of reclaimed capacity will

satisfy the permit requirements and continue to keep the City in compliance until the

year 2015.


The current CAWWTP permit allows for an annual average discharge of 11 mgd

to the Caloosahatchee River and a 1.51 mgd annual average daily flow capacity for the

reuse system. The current SAWWTP permit allows for an annual average discharge of

12 mgd to the Caloosahatchee River. The current wastewater facility permits for

CAWWTP and SAWWTP expire on May 1, 2005 and March 21, 2005, respectively.

2.2 TREATMENT PARAMETERS

The Central Reclaimed Water Production Facility performs biological nutrient

removal, tertiary filtration, and high-level disinfection to achieve reclaimed water quality.

The effluent undergoes sample testing to determine the pH and total residual chlorine

concentration following disinfection, and the pre-chlorination total suspended solids

(TSS) concentration. If each parameter satisfies the regulated limits (pH=6.0-8.5, TSS

5mg/L, Cl2 1mg/L), the effluent is discharged into the reclaimed water storage tank,

from where it is withdrawn based on distribution system demand. If these regulated

limits are not met, the effluent is sent back to the filter influent.

The typical constituents found in reclaimed water are presented in Table 2.1.

Conventional constituents found in raw wastewater can be treated to reclaimed water

quality with most conventional wastewater treatment processes and non-conventional

constituents may have to be removed or reduced using enhanced wastewater treatment

processes.

Numerous Federal, State, and local policies establish requirements for the

operation and treatment of municipal wastewater treatment plants. Various operating

parameters and corresponding effluent limitations are regulated and monitored on a

regular basis to protect water resources.


Table 2.1 Inorganic and Organic Constituents of Concern in Reclaimed Water

Constituent Measured Parameters Reason for Concern

Conventional Constituents

Suspended Solids Volatile and fixed solids

Organic contaminants, heavy metals, etc. are absorbed on particulates. Suspended matter can shield microorganisms from disinfectants. Solids can cause plugging in irrigation systems.

Biodegradable Organics

Biochemical oxygen demand, Chemical oxygen demand, Total organic carbon

Organics provide food for microorganisms, adversely affect disinfection processes, make water unsuitable for some industrial uses, consume oxygen, and may result in health effects if reclaimed water used for potable purposes.

Nutrients Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium

When discharged to an aquatic environment, nitrogen and phosphorus can lead to growth of undesirable aquatic life. When applied in excessive levels on land, nitrogen can lead to build-up of nitrate in the groundwater.

Hydrogen Ion Concentration pH

The pH affects disinfection, coagulation, metal solubility, and alkalinity of the soils. Normal range in municipal wastewater is pH = 6.5 - 8.5.

Residual Chlorine Free and combined chlorine

Excessive amount of free available chlorine (>0.05 mg/L) may cause damage to some sensitive crops. Chlorinated organics may cause toxicity in groundwater.

Non-Conventional Constituents

Stable Organics

Specific compounds (e.g., pesticides, chlorinated hydrocarbons)

Some are resistant to conventional wastewater treatment methods. Some are toxic in the environment and they may limit the suitability of reclaimed water for irrigation or other uses.

Dissolved Inorganics

Total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, specific elements (e.g., Na, Ca, Mg, Cl, and B)

Excessive salinity may damage some crops. Specific ions such as chloride, sodium, boron are toxic to some crops. Sodium may pose permeability problems.

Heavy Metals Specific elements (e.g., Cd, Zn, Ni and Hg)

Some heavy metals accumulate in the environment and are toxic to plants and animals. Their presence may limit the use of the reclaimed water for irrigation or other uses.


2.3 FEDERAL REQUIREMENTS

There are currently no Federal regulations directly governing reclaimed water use.

However, the USEPA regulates many aspects of wastewater treatment and drinking water

quality, and the majority of states in the U.S. have established criteria or guidelines for

the beneficial use of recycled water. The EPA developed a technical document entitled

Guidelines for Water Reuse, which contains such information as a summary of state

requirements, and guidelines for the treatment and uses of recycled water. Federal water

reuse guidelines are summarized in Table 2.2 below for three different reuse scenarios.

In addition to the reuse guidelines, the EPA also developed secondary treatment

regulations in response to the Clean Water Act requirements. The EPA evaluated

performance data for treatment plants practicing secondary treatment. Reclaimed water

is limited to secondary treatment standards established by the EPA. These standard

regulations, which are specified in 40 CFR Part 133, apply to the biological treatment

component of a municipal wastewater treatment plant and represent the minimum level of

effluent quality attainable by secondary treatment, as reflected in terms of BOD5 demand

and TSS removal. Secondary treatment standards, therefore, are defined by the

limitations provided in Table 2.3.

Table 2.3 Secondary Treatment Standards from 40 CFR Part 133

Parameter 30-Day Average 7-Day Average

CBOD5 30 mg/l 45 mg/l

TSS 30 mg/l 45 mg/l

pH 6 - 9 s.u. (instantaneous)

Removal 85% CBOD5 and TSS


Table 2.2 Federal Guidelines for Various Types of Reuse Applications

Types of Reuse Treatment Reclaimed Water Quality Reclaimed Water Monitoring

Urban Reuse Landscape irrigation, vehicle washing, toilet flushing, fire protection

Secondary Treatment Filtration Disinfection

pH = 6 9 10 mg/L biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 2 turbidity units (NTU) No detectable fecal coliform/100 mL 1 mg/L chlorine (Cl2) residual (min.)

pH - weekly BOD weekly Turbidity continuous Coliform daily Cl2 residual - continuous

Agricultural Reuse Non-food crops, animal pasture, fiber and seed crops

Secondary Treatment Disinfection

pH = 6 9 30 mg/L BOD 30 mg/L total suspended solids (TSS) 200 fecal coliform/100 mL 1 mg/L Cl2 residual (min.)

pH - weekly BOD weekly TSS daily Coliform daily Cl2 residual - continuous

Indirect Potable Reuse Groundwater recharge by spreading into potable aquifers

Site specific Secondary Treatment and Disinfection (min.) May also need filtration and/or advanced wastewater treatment

Site specific Meet drinking water standards after percolation through vadose zone

pH - daily Turbidity continuous Coliform daily Cl2 residual continuous Drinking water standards quarterly Other depends on constituent


2.4 STATE REQUIREMENTS

This section discusses the various regulations and permit requirements set forth

by FDEP and SFWMD. State regulations and guidelines govern the required effluent

quality for surface water discharge and reuse of reclaimed water. The FDEP is

responsible for issuance or denial of operation permits for domestic wastewater facilities

based on wastewater effluent quality monitoring and reporting requirements.

The following sections of the Florida Administrative Code (FAC) apply to the

supply, treatment, and distribution of reclaimed water.

Chapter 62-600 Domestic Wastewater Facilities Chapter 62-601 Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant Monitoring Chapter 62-610 Reuse of Reclaimed Water and Land Application Chapter 62-620 Wastewater Facility and Activities Permitting Chapter 62-40 Water Resource Implementation Rule

2.4.1 Florida Department of Environmental Protection

The FDEP is responsible for development and maintenance of rules governing

water reuse activity within the state. Reclaimed water treatment, quality, and use are all

regulated by the FDEP. The primary document utilized for regulation of reclaimed water

is Chapter 62-610 of the FAC. Within this document, guidelines are provided to ensure

the level of treatment required for specific uses of reclaimed water, the required

reclaimed water monitoring frequencies, and the criteria for land application systems. All

reuse and land application systems must be operated and maintained in accordance with

Chapter 62-610. Detailed requirements for the design and operational criteria of a wide

range of reuse and land application systems are consistent with EPA's Guidelines for

Water Reuse, as discussed in Section 2.1 and shown in Table 2.2.

Discharge of reclaimed water or domestic wastewater effluent into waters of the

state is regulated by the FDEP. Both the Central and South AWWTPs currently

discharge the majority of their effluent to the Caloosahatchee River, with the Central

plant also discharging part of its effluent into the reclaimed system. FAC Chapter 62-600

contains design, operation, and compliance requirements for all domestic wastewater

facilities. Treatment levels, disinfection requirements, and pH requirements also are


contained. Domestic wastewater must meet, at a minimum, a treatment standard of

secondary treatment, basic disinfection, and pH control in order to be reused as reclaimed

water. Table 2.4 summarizes the requirements of FAC Chapter 62-600.

Table 2.4 FAC Chapter 62-600, Requirements for Domestic Wastewater Facilities

Standard Parameter Requirement Notes

CBOD5 20 mg/l Secondary Treatment (surface water disposal

to Class III waters) TSS 20 mg/l or 90% removal

CBOD5 30 mg/l Secondary Treatment (surface water disposal via

ocean outfall) TSS 30 mg/l or 85% removal

Basic 0.5 mg/L Single Sample: Fecal 800 per 100 mL of sample

High Level 1.0 mg/L Single Sample: TSS 5 mg/L (prior to disinfection) Fecal 25 per 100 mL of sample

Intermediate 1.0 mg/L Single Sample: Fecal 86 per 100 mL of sample

Disinfection (after 15 min. contact time,

at peak hourly flow rate)

Low Level - Single Sample: Fecal 2400 per 100 mL of sample

pH pH 6 8.5 After disinfection

Chapter 62-601 of the FAC establishes the minimum requirements for monitoring

of domestic wastewater facilities. Monitoring of various effluent wastewater parameters

must be conducted according to the specified frequencies. This regulation ensures that

domestic wastewater facilities conduct required monitoring, maintain accurate records,

and submit required reports in accordance with the monitoring schedule. Table 2.5

summarizes the minimum schedule required for sampling and testing of wastewater

treatment plant effluent.


Table 2.5 Monitoring Schedule for Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent

Parameter Monitoring Frequency

Flow Continuous

pH Continuous

Dissolved Oxygen 7 days/wk

Suspended Solids 5 days/wk

CBOD5 5 days/wk

Nutrients 5 days/wk

Total Residual Chlorine (disinfection) Continuous

Total Residual Chlorine (dechlorination) 7 days/wk

Fecal Coliform 5 days/wk

The FDEP protects surface water bodies by requiring justification for discharge of

wastewater effluent rather than another approved means of effluent disposal. The FDEP

Antidegradation Policy is contained in Chapter 62-4 FAC, titled Permits, and Chapter 62-

302, titled Surface Water Quality Standards. Compliance with the FDEP

Antidegradation Policy must be justified prior to issuance of a permit by FDEP for any

new or expanded surface water discharge. The Antidegradation Policy requires a utility,

proposing to construct a new discharge or expansion of an existing discharge, to

demonstrate that an alternative disposal method such as reuse of domestic reclaimed

water is not feasible in lieu of a discharge to surface water, and that the receiving water

body will not be adversely impacted by the discharge.

FAC Chapter 62-620 includes permitting requirements for reclaimed water

treatment and distribution. Chapter 62-620 offers guidance on the permit for addition of

a major user of reclaimed water and the application required for permission to place a

public access reuse system in operation. A major user of reclaimed water is defined as

anyone using 100,000 gpd or more, based on annual average. All major users must have

a FDEP permit authorizing capacity based on type of use or application area. The LCRRF

and Eastwood Golf Course are the only two major users currently permitted to receive

reclaimed water within the Citys reclaimed water distribution system. The Eastwood

Golf Course, however, is a recent addition and is not yet using reclaimed water.


A public access reuse system involves irrigation of areas that are intended to be

accessible to the public, such as residential lawns, golf courses, cemeteries, parks,

landscape areas, and highway medians. The Citys CRWPF is currently permitted as a

slow-rate public access reuse system (Part III of FAC 62-610), consisting of landscape

irrigation of City property, commercial property, and industrial uses. Reclaimed water, at

a minimum, must meet secondary treatment and high-level disinfection standards to be

allowed for use in public access areas. Filtration must also be provided for control of

suspended solids. Prior to disinfectant application, the suspended solids content must be

no more than 5 mg/L.

The City is currently authorized by the FDEP to provide reclaimed water for

Other Landscape Irrigation and Industrial Uses (cooling water, process water, and wash

water at industrial facilities). The City currently does supply reclaimed water to the

Housing Authority, which irrigates residential homes; however, it is under the control of

the development and not the individual homeowner. In the future, as more reclaimed

water customers are added to the system, many will be residential developments.

Therefore, upon expansion of the system and addition of new users, it will be necessary

for the City to gain permission for residential irrigation by the individual homeowners.

For those residential areas that will be newly constructed, the City can make

arrangements to supply reclaimed water to an end user, who will then be required to

provide it to the entire development. This will allow the City to provide a given quantity

of reclaimed water, without the burden of providing storage and pressure for distribution.

2.4.2 FDEP Permit Requirements

Issuance of a Domestic Wastewater Facility Permit by the FDEP constitutes

authorization to discharge to waters of the state within limits of the NPDES program.

The FDEP also monitors wastewater effluent quality through enforcement of annual

Reclaimed Water or Effluent Analysis Reports. The following discussion briefly

summarizes the CAWWTP and SAWWTP effluent quality requirements for both surface

water discharge and reclaimed water usage.


Surface Water

Both the CAWWTP and the SAWWTP currently discharge the majority of their

effluent to the Caloosahatchee River, which is a Class III marine water body. Discharges

to the River must meet water quality requirements set forth in each facilitys operating

permit, issued by the FDEP. The operating permits for the facilities are issued for 5-year

terms and must be renewed upon their expiration. The current wastewater permit for the

CAWWTP expires on May 1, 2005. The SAWWTP operating permit expires on March

21, 2005.

Both the Central and South wastewater treatment plants provide advanced

wastewater treatment (AWT). Treatment to AWT standards is required to reduce the

total nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations regulated for surface water discharge.

Table 2.6 outlines the NPDES permit requirements for both the Central and South plants

for surface water discharge.

Table 2.6 Existing Effluent Quality Requirements for Surface Water Discharge

Central AWWTP and South AWWTP

Parameter Unit Annual Average Monthly Average

Weekly Average

Daily Average

Single Sample

Monitoring Frequency

Flow mgd - 11.0 - - - Continuous

CBOD5 mg/L 20 25 40 - 60 5 days/wk

Suspended Solids mg/L 20 30 45 - 60 5 days/wk

Total Nitrogen mg/L 3 3 4.5 - 6 5 days/wk

Total Phosphorus mg/L 0.5 0.5 0.75 - 1.0 5 days/wk

Total Residual Chlorine mg/L - - - - 0.01 Daily

Dissolved Oxygen mg/L - - - 5.0 4.0 Daily

pH pH unit - - - - 6.5 to 8.5 Continuous

Fecal Coliform #/100 mL 200 Monthly 90th percentile = 400 800 5 days/wk

Whole Effluent Toxicity Bioassay - species based on salinity of the effluent

Reclaimed Water

Wastewater reuse permits, developed and monitored by the FDEP, specify the

quantity and quality of effluent to be used as reclaimed water. State regulations currently

specify minimum water quality criteria for individual reuse classifications falling within


the general categories of landscape irrigation and industrial uses. These water quality

criteria are currently limited to numeric standards for biochemical oxygen demand,

suspended solids, pH, and total residual chlorine limits. Table 2.7 outlines the reclaimed

water quality requirements for the Central AWWTF.

Table 2.7 Existing Effluent Quality Requirements for Reuse and

Land Application for the Central AWWTF

Effluent Analysis

During the period of operation authorized by the facilitys operating permit,

reclaimed water or effluent should be monitored annually for primary and secondary

drinking water standards. Twenty-four hour composite sample results should be reported

to the FDEP annually for analysis on the Reclaimed Water or Effluent Analysis Report,

Form 62.620.901(15). The City of Fort Myers Central AWWTP and RWPF analysis

reports from 2000 to 2003 are included in Appendix B. Table 2.8 provides a summary

of the effluent analysis conducted each year.

Central AWWTF

Parameter Unit Annual Average

Monthly Average

Weekly Average

Single Sample

Monitoring Frequency

Flow mgd 1.51 2.0 - - Continuous

CBOD5 mg/L 20 30 45 60 5 days/wk

Suspended Solids mg/L - - - 5 Daily

Total Residual Chlorine mg/L - - - 1.0 Continuous

pH pH unit - - - 6.5 to 8.5 Continuous

Fecal Coliform 75 % of values below the detection limit Daily

Turbidity Monitoring requirement only Continuous

Giardia Monitoring and recording requirements only Biannual

Cryptosporidium Monitoring and recording requirements only Biannual


Table 2.8 Summary of Reclaimed Water Effluent Analysis Reports for the Central RWPF

Parameter Standard Units 2001 Analysis

Results 2002 Analysis

Results 2003 Analysis

Results Inorganics

Arsenic 0.05 mg/L


2.4.3 South Florida Water Management District Each of the states five water management districts has developed its own series

of rules designed to implement reclaimed water programs authorized by Chapter 373 of

the Florida Statutes and by Chapter 62-40 of the FAC. The SFWMD governs the Fort

Myers area and plays a key role in the Water Reuse Program. The SFWMD encourages

and directs water users and utilities to use reclaimed water and implement reuse

programs. The SFWMD also offers funding programs that can be used to finance

reclaimed water infrastructure.

Chapter 62-40, entitled the Water Implementation Rule, presents the overall state

water policy, providing guidance for issuing consumptive use permits. This Rule

requires the SFWMD to designate critical water supply areas that either have existing

water resources problems or areas in which water resource problems are projected to

develop during the next twenty years. Lee County is included in this critical water supply

designation.

Under the Citys Consumptive Use Permit, issued in 2000 for supply to the Water

Treatment Plant, the City is required to satisfy certain conditions in order to be in

compliance. Conditions within the permit commit the City to make available and utilize

100-percent of the reclaimed water produced within the Fort Myers wastewater service

area based on three-month low-flow conditions by March 2005, with a re-evaluation

process every 5 years. The permit also requires the City to participate in the design of a

regional reclaimed water distribution system as described in the Lower West Coast

Regional Water Supply Plan (2000).

The SFWMD has implemented a comprehensive approach to encourage water

reuse, including water supply planning, regulation, coordination, and funding. SFWMD

completed four regional water supply plans encompassing the land area within the

SFWMD jurisdiction.. Each plan contains region specific recommendations on the use of

reclaimed water. The SFWMD requires all applicants for Water Use Permits to evaluate

the feasibility of implementing water reuse, and it coordinates its reuse activities at the

state, local, and water user levels. In addition, the SFWMD has an alternative water

supply funding program. The SFWMD has provided over $26 million in alternative


water supply grants for 113 projects since 1995, including water reuse projects, use of

brackish water sources, and aquifer storage and recovery projects.

2.5 CITY OF FORT MYERS CODE OF ORDINANCES REQUIREMENTS

The City of Fort Myers Code, Chapter 26: Public Facilities provides several rules

that pertain to reclaimed water use and distribution. Article 5, entitled Reclaimed Water

Program, states the procedures and requirements for obtaining reclaimed water service

and establishing a connection to the system. The methodology used for installation,

sizing, and funding of the reclaimed water system is also included. Chapter 26, Article V

of the Citys Code is attached in Appendix C.

The Citys Ordinance states that the sources of reclaimed water shall comply with

certain FDEP regulations as they may apply to the project. The sources of reclaimed

water must also comply with state and local health department regulations and should

gain approval prior to utilization. Table 2.9 lists various subparts within Chapter 17-6 of

the FAC, as presented in the Citys Code of Ordinances.

Table 2.9 Applicable Regulations as Stated in the Citys Code

FAC Subject

Chapter 17-6.060 Effluent limitations Chapter 17-6.070 Treatment plants Chapter 17-6.080 Reuse and Effluent disposal (land application) Chapter 17-6.110 Treatment plants and effluent disposal systems Chapter 17-6.140 Permits required Chapter 17-6.180 Enforcement

Chapter 17 is titled Department of Environmental Regulation, with 17-6 relating

more specifically to Wastewater Facilities. The Department of Environmental Regulation

in 1993 merged with the Department of Natural Resources to form the FDEP. Currently,

the FDEP regulates wastewater facilities through Chapter 62 of the FAC, as described in

Section 2.4.1, which includes updated information of that contained in Chapter 17.

The Citys Code of Ordinances states that the City shall develop and maintain a

reclaimed water master plan, which should include areas where construction and use of a

reclaimed water system and pipeline transmission system are encouraged. The use of


reclaimed water is separately metered for each connection and appropriate rates are

established by the City Council. Currently, City infrastructure exists to supply reclaimed

water to developments for lawn irrigation, parks, golf courses, and open space in and

adjacent to the City. However, for new development areas, a separate reclaimed water

distribution system shall be installed in accordance with City engineering and

construction standards.

Identification of the reclaimed water system must include special considerations

to avoid cross connections with the potable water system. Cross connection control is

addressed in the Citys existing Code of Ordinances, Chapter 26. Chapter 26-211 states

that:

The reclaimed water distribution system shall include special considerations to avoid cross connections with the potable water system. The following features shall be included in reclaimed water systems to protect the public health: (1) Reclaimed water distribution systems shall be constructed with brown PVC

pipe or purple with yellow block letters color-taped ductile iron pipe. (2) Square valve box covers painted brown to distinguish from round potable

water system valve boxes. (3) Brown strip on street curb to identify reclaimed water customer. (4) Backflow preventers installed on potable water service connection. (5) Reclaimed water meters color coded with tape to distinguish from potable

water meters (where applicable). Meters, covers and meter box covers should be cast to indicate reclaimed water.

Chapter 26, Article X: Cross Connection Control Standards, is provided as

Appendix D. This section does not specifically address reclaimed water concerns, and

should be updated with similar language to Chapter 26-211. Also, additional standards

should be developed to have double check valves, or reduced pressure backflow

prevention devices installed at locations that have high risks for cross connections. The

City should develop a schedule to periodically inspect reclaimed water services to assure

that the cross connection requirements are being followed. Enhanced inspection efforts

and education efforts will be required before residential or small commercial reclaimed

water users are served by the City, as per the FDEP requirements in FAC 62-610.470 and

62-555.360.

City of Fort Myers Reclaimed Water Master Plan Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. Section 3 Fort Myers Reclaimed Water System 3-1

3.0 FORT MYERS RECLAIMED WATER SYSTEM

The City of Fort Myers operates two wastewater treatment facilities. Only the

CAWWTP currently has reclaimed water production capabilities. Currently, reclaimed

water is used for landscape irrigation and industrial use. This section describes the

existing reclaimed water system, identifies the current Fort Myers reclaimed water users,

and describes the Citys public involvement and community education activities related

to the reclaimed water program.

3.1 WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES

The Citys two treatment facilities process wastewater from all of the City of Fort

Myers and much of Lee County. Figure 3.1 illustrates the general location of both the

South and Central advanced wastewater treatment facilities.

3.1.1 General

The CAWWTP and SAWWTP each have eleven operators, over a total of three

shift periods, allowing for operation of the plant 24 hours per day, seven days per week.

In addition to the treatment operators, each plant has necessary staff to assist with the

maintenance of the facility. The Central plant staff, with the exception of the residuals

operators, also work with the reclaimed CRWPF when necessary. The Organization

Chart in Figure 3.2 shows the staffing allocation at the Central and South treatment

plants.

3.1.2 Wastewater Treatment Capacity

The CAWWTP currently has a permitted treatment capacity of 11 mgd. From

January 1997 to May 2003 the annual average flow for the Central plant was around 6.6

mgd. The SAWWTP currently has a permitted treatment capacity of 12 mgd. From

October 1997 through May 2003 the annual average flow was around 6.9 mgd.


Figure 3.2 Organization Chart for Central and South AWWTPs

3.1.3 Treatment Process

South Wastewater Plant

Following screenings and grit

removal at the SAWWTP, the mixed liquor

travels through a 3.25 million gallon

aeration tank, where nutrient removal takes

place using the Bardenpho process. Figure

3.3 shows the South plant aeration tank. A

basic diagram of the five-stage Bardenpho

treatment process is shown in Figure 3.4.

Addition of aluminum sulfate (AlSO3) prior to clarification allows for the

precipitation of phosphorus. The solids are then settled within the clarifiers and the clear

effluent is disinfected with chlorine, dechlorinated, and finally discharged to the

Caloosahatchee River. The solids removed from the clarification process are stabilized in

aerobic digesters, dewatered using belt filter presses, and land applied as fertilizer.

Figure 3.3 Aeration Tank at the South AWWTP

Central AWWTP

South AWWTP staff

Central AWWTP and RWPF staff


Secondary Clarifier

Figure 3.4 Five-Stage Bardenpho Treatment Process Schematic

Central Wastewater Plant

Following screenings and grit removal at

the CAWWTP, the mixed liquor travels through a

2.5 million gallon aeration tank, where nutrient

removal takes place using the five-stage

Bardenpho process (as shown in Figure 3.4).

Next, the removal of phosphorus is performed

through the addition of aluminum sulfate (AlSO3).

The solids are then settled within the clarifiers and

are either returned to the process or dewatered and disposed of through land application.

Figure 3.5 shows a picture of the clarifiers at the Central plant. The clear effluent from

the clarifiers is disinfected with chlorine, dechlorinated, and either discharged to the

Caloosahatchee River or sent to the on-site Reclaimed Water Production Facility

(discussed in Section 3.2). The solids removed from the process are stabilized in aerobic

digesters, dewatered using belt filter presses, and land applied as fertilizer.

3.2 RECLAIMED WATER PRODUCTION FACILITY

The City of Fort Myers operates the Central Reclaimed Water Production Facility

(CRWPF), located at the CAWWTP, which is currently the Citys only reclaimed water

production facility. The City is currently planning for expansion of the Central RWPF

and for the construction of a second reclaimed water facility at the South AWWTP.

Figure 3.1 illustrates the general location of both the Central and South reclaimed water

production facilities, once completed.

Figure 3.5 Clarifiers at the Central AWWTP


3.2.1 General

The reclaimed water system operation began in 1994, and has grown to an annual

demand of approximately 253 MG of reclaimed water in 2003.

3.2.2 Treatment Capacity

The CRWPF is designed for 2.0 mgd and also has a maximum month permitted

capacity of 2.0 mgd and an annual average permitted capacity of 1.51 mgd.

3.2.3 Treatment Process

Secondary effluent generated from the CAWWTP

enters the CRWPF and is filtered through sand filters. Filter

effluent is disinfected with chlorine for public-access

irrigation and distribution to various reuse sites. Figure 3.6

shows a picture of the filter building. A basic diagram of a

reclaimed water treatment process and potential end users is

shown in Figure 3.7.

Figure 3.7 Reclaimed Treatment Process Schematic

Figure 3.6 CAWWTP Filter Building


3.2.4 Onsite Finished Storage

Onsite ground storage at the Central RWPF provides 1-MG of storage capacity.

Figure 3.8 shows the storage tank and corresponding effluent piping. The storage t

reclaimed water master plan

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