Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, UK

RECIPE München Progress meeting

17-20/05/2005

UK progressRebekka Artz

Stephen ChapmanColin Campbell

I. WP01 UK Field site data

• Middlemuir Moss, between Strichen and New Pitsligo, NE Scotland

• Data collection finished, modelling in progress – meeting with Mika and Harri (20-22/04) to kick this off

Dark CO2 production

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Julian day

CO2

(mg

m-2

d-1

)

flux dark

modelled flux (WT)

modelled flux (T5)

Bare peat, total respiration models (r2 = 0.6 (WT), 0.82 (T @ -5 cm)

CO2 fluxes 2 – PGCO2

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CO

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-2 d

-1)

PGCO2PGCO2 modelled

E. angustifolium + S. auric. collar, r2 = 0.72

Modelling problems• Not enough data to model per collar, trying to overcome this by pooling data from replicate collars (Mika found that this doesn’t always work well…)

• Rtot modelling produces very low r2 values – a lot of data had to be excluded as either missed dark measurements or negative dark fluxes

•PGCO2 modelling ok, but lack of LAI data forces use of other seasonality index, both air and -5 cm temps seem to work ok

II. WP2 Progress• Problems with negative dark fluxes (i.e. CO2 uptake) since july 2004 – these appear to have been at least partially caused by our large chambers and an overly sensitive IRGA system (when checking data all these fluxes had low r2 values, i.e <0.8)

• Data collection since new (much smaller) chambers/PPsystems IRGA (february 2005) much more stable and no more uptake in the dark!

• Methane analyses have been hampered by GC breakdown at the start of this year and lack of tech support (back log/loss of 2 or 3 sampling points this year).

• Data analysis lagging behind….will try to keep running the remaining replicates beyond june harvest!

Further work:• 1st harvest starting 6.06 (pending decision)

• Clare Trinder is using the field site for litter bag experiments, 5 species (E. ang/vag; S. subnitens?; Calluna vulgaris, spruce) and will look at decomposition rates and microbial diversity in the litter bags. Litter quantities in the field estimates by traps around small plants

• Also being set up by Clare: decomposition experiments with added live plants, also involving 14C labelling of the plants to chase carbon

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FEN

INTERMED

BOG

INTACT

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BARE

SP_E_D

SP_W

INTACT

CHFR

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BARE

ERIO_W

SP_W

SP_ERIO

FI

Fungal community structure as Indicators of change?

EARLY

LATE

• fungal ITS clone library from SC set , 150 clones sequenced. Most sequences showed < 70 % homology with any sequence in Genbank. Paper is now in prep.

III. Fungal community structure analysis

Horizon Nearest neighbour to clones in clone list (% homology gapped)

A31 1 Cryptosporiopsis / Cladosporium (86)

3 Saccharomyces ?(57) 4 + 8 +9? Exidiopsis ? (74)

5 Penicillium sp (79) 6 Dioszegia – hymen. Yeast? (69)

10 – low overlap < 150 bp

11 Microdochium or Phoma sp (65)

12 Saccharomyces ? (60)

13 Cortinarius sp ? (62) *

A32 37 Penicillium sp (78) 39 Saccharomyces ? (57)

40 Cladosporium / Cryptosporiopsis (83)

45 Capronia (92) (low) Fusarium (80)

48 Lodderomyces ? (63) *

A41 70 Fusarium / Sclerotinia (80)

82 Phialocephala sp (88) *

85 Sclerotinia (67) * 92 Phialocephala / Cadophora (89) *

99 Sclerotinia (71) *

A42 105 Fusarium / Gibberella (76)

108 Phialophora/ Cadophora (86)

113 Cadophora / Phialophora sp (80) *

116 Phialophora / Cadophora (90) **

121 Kockovallia ? (67)

A61 848 Tomentella or rel (89)

851 Cordyceps bassiana (99)

858 Gyoerfyella rotula (95)

PD PD

A62 153 Fellomyces? (65) 008 Malassezia restricta (98)

PD PD PD

A81 164 Cortinarius sp (90) 174 Fusarium ? (83) * 910 Mortierella /Verticillium ? (67) *

915 Phialophora / Cadophora (80)

919 Geomyces pannorum (98)

A82 184 Stereum ? – low overlap 450 (66) *

187 Capronia / Dermatocarpon (86) **

188 Scleroconidioma? (88) *

191 low overlap 400 (60) v long seq

004 Trichosporon (98)

B32 206 Dermea ? (89) * 217 Mycorrhizal sp. (92) 219 Taphrina / Lalaria low overlap (85) *

220 Scuttellospora/ Candida (66) *

222 Cryptosporidiopsis /Pezicula ? (84)

B33 232 Saccharomyces (61)

237 Saccharomyces ? (60) *

238 Hypholoma (95) * 239 Kluyveromyces –low overlap (66) *

240 Umbilicaria (81)

B41 267 Ascocoryne ? DSE (86) *

270 Saccharomyces – low overlap (67) **

275 Hymenoscyphus (70)

277 Peniophora / Trametes (75)

284 various (Ians clones) (80)

B42 297 Phialaphora / -cephala (81)

304 Sebacina endomycorrhiza (83)

308 Sebacina endomycorrhiza (88) **

312 Sebacina endomycorrhiza (88)

315 Sebacina endomycorrhiza (89)

B61 321 Saccharomyces – low overlap (90) *

322 Phialaphora /Phialacephala (86)

324 various Russula Puccinia etc (60-70)

325 Cryptococcus (99) 330 various Russula Puccinia etc (60-70)

B62 942 Phialocephala (88) 341 Ascocoryne (86) * 946 – failed 945 Trechispora ? (76) **

950 Sclerotinia sclerotium (100)

B81 351 Leptodontidium /DSE (85) *

352 Fusarium oxysporum (97)

PD 354 Ascocoryne (84) 358 Leontopodium ? (78)

B82 977 Phialocephala? – low overlap (68)

983 uncultured clones (Ian’s) (99)

984 Cladosporium ? –short sequence (91)

12 Saccharomyces ? (60)

312 Sebacina endomycorrhiza (88)

164 Cortinarius sp (90)

851 Cordyceps bassiana (99)

C31 377 Sclerotinia ? * 396 Sebacina mycorr. (90)

399 Kluyeromyces (62) 400 Cadophora /Cephalosporium (83) *

402 Mortierella /Verticillium ? (83)

C32 407 clones Ian (81) + Hygrocybe (58)

409 Sebacina mycor. (63) clones Ian (77)

415 Archaeospora (71) 424 Demea/ Guignardia/ Pezicula (78)

422 clone ectomyc. (85-97) *

C32/33 427+ 429 low overlap 436 Gymnopilus (61) 438 Mycosphaerella / Cladosporium (98)

450 Mycocalicium / Mycosphaerella (87)

451 Cordyceps/ Cryptosporiopsis ? (93)

C41 455 Venturia/ (pseudo)cladosporium (90)

460 Alatospora /Neofabraea ? (70)

463 Sebacina clone (82)/ Polyporus ? (69)

464 Fusarium ? (78) 466 Sebacina clone (81)/ Polyporus ? (69)

C42 473 myc isol (99)/ Gyorffyella (95) *

476 Hymenoscyphus (75)

488 myc isol (99)/ Gyorffyella (95)

491 Archaeospora/ Phoma ? (low) (69)

493 Tricholoma / Cortinarius (67)

C61 505 Phialocephala ? (88) *

509 Alatospora /? (81) 510 Phialocephala ? (88) *

511 Russula ? (64) * 514 Cordyceps bassiana (99)

C62 522 Leptodontidium + clones (78)

526 Leptodontidium + clones (77)

531 Leptodontidium + clones (78)

534 Leptodontidium + clones (78)

542 Leptodontidium + clones (77)

C81 546 Cryptococcus/ Filobasidium (78)

552 Cryptococcus/ Filobasidium (78)

555 Cladosporium (86) ?

559 Cladosporium etc (85) ?

562 Malassezia globosa (98)

C82 566 Phialocephala/-spora (86) *

567 Leptodontidium + clones (78)

572 Wilcoxina ? (82) 576 Marasmius / Gymnopus (99-90)

581 Leptodontidium + clones (78)

D31 590 Saccharomyces –low overlap (62) *

595 Neofabraea etc ? (85)

602 Phialocephala /-phora (75)

606 Pholiota/ Psylocybe (84) **

615 Cladosporium/ Venturia (86)

D32 625 + 637 Mycena (92) 630 Phialophora/various mycorrh (86)

650 Leptosphaericea (90)

642 Hypocrea (90) 644 Cordyceps/ Tolypocladium (89)

D41 650 Leptosphaeria (90)

655 Cryptosporidiopsis ? (81)

664 Cordyceps /Tolypocladium (90)

678 Galerina / Gymnophilus (96)

673 Chaetosphaeria (89)

D42 691 Kluyveromyces / Russula (low) (60)

693 Alatospora + clones (82)

697 Gigaspora ? (low) (71)

707 Alatospora + clones (86) *

711 clones only (84)

D61 720 Phialocephala /-phora (81) + clones

723 clones (77) 724 Trametes / Mortierella (low) (67) *

733 Phialocephala /-phora (87) + clones

744 Scutello/Gigasora (low) (67)

D62 753 Phialophora (87) + clones

756 Leptodontidium + clones (79)

759 Phialocephala (88) *

765 Gigaspora/ Tremella (low) (66)

772 Cercophora/ Lasiosphaeria ? (81)

D81 784 clones/ Dactylella ? (73)

797 Fusarium oxysporum (98)

799 clone (77) + Cordyceps (low) (91)

803 various (low) (74) 812 Phialophora + clones (89-96)

D82 815 Russula ? (58) * 820 clones Asco (72) * 822 Phialocephala + clones (87)

827 Leptodontiodium + clones (78)

836 Bullera ? (65)

562 Malassezia globosa (98)

476 Hymenoscyphus (75)

625 + 637 Mycena (92)

Includes Polyporales & Thelephorales

Hymenoscyphus etc, & Peziculales

Cordyceps, Cephalosporium, Fusarium etc.

Chaeto/Lasiosphaera & Cercophora

Exidiopsis etc/ Cryptococcus etc.

IV. Community level physiological profiling

• paper submitted to Environmental Microbiology detailing the adapted peat MicroResp method and validation data

• validated the method in three experiments: 1) optimum incubation time 2) sample moisture content and 3) sample ageing due to sample transport and storage

• needs to be re-submitted to EM (hopefully mid june)

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CV 1 (83.43 %)

CV 2

(12.

30 %

)A

F

d = 14.05 -8

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CV 1 (75.57 %)

CV 2

(23.

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B

d = 12.61-8

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CV 1 (75.57 %)

CV 2

(23.

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B

d = 12.61

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CV 1 (83.60 %)

CV 2

(14.

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C

d = 18.23 -8

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CV 1 (83.60 %)

CV 2

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C

d = 18.23 -8

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CV 1 (75.60 %)

CV 2

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D

d = 10.67-8

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CV 1 (75.60 %)

CV 2

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D

d = 10.67

E

d = 7.36

E

d = 7.36 d = 12.18

CVA scores SD (n = 3) of Moss (filled squares), Decaying moss (open squares), Newly formed peat (filled triangles) and Old catotelm peat (open triangles) after 4h (plot A), 20h (Plot B), 48h (Plot C) and 120h (Plot D) of incubation.

MOSS

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CV 1 (63.19 %)

CV 2

(19.

28 %

)

DECAYING MOSS

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CV 1 (63.19 %)

CV

2 (1

9.28

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NEW PEAT

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CV 1 (63.19 %)

CV 2

(19.

28 %

)

OLD PEAT

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CV 1 (63.19 %)

CV

2 (1

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MOSS

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CV 1 (63.19 %)

CV 2

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DECAYING MOSS

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CV 1 (63.19 %)

CV

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NEW PEAT

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CV 1 (63.19 %)

CV 2

(19.

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OLD PEAT

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CV 1 (63.19 %)

CV

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%)

Effect of adjustment of moisture content on CLPP-SIP patterns. Peat samples were adjusted to 80 (filled squares), 85 (open squares), 90 (filled triangles) and 95 % GWC (open triangles). Data show the mean CV scores SD (n = 3)

MOSS

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CV 1 (48.05 %)

CV 2

(18.

44 %

)DECAYING MOSS

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CV 1 (48.05 %)

CV 2

(18.

44 %

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NEW PEAT

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CV 1 (48.05 %)

CV2

(18.

44 %

)

OLD PEAT

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CV 1 (48.05 %)

CV 2

(18.

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)

MOSS

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CV 1 (48.05 %)

CV 2

(18.

44 %

)DECAYING MOSS

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CV 1 (48.05 %)

CV 2

(18.

44 %

)

NEW PEAT

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CV 1 (48.05 %)

CV2

(18.

44 %

)

OLD PEAT

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CV 1 (48.05 %)

CV 2

(18.

44 %

)

Samples of different degrees of decomposition were stored at 4ºC for 7 d (filled squares), 28 d (open squares), 49 d (filled triangles), 70 d (open triangles) and 103 d (open diamonds). Data show the mean CV scores SD (n = 3)

V. FTIR and a request…• Now in the process of working up the WP1 FTIR data. We found some interesting patterns in the carbohydrate signal region that may tie up with the vegetation structure – our FTIR specialist would be very interested in some clean homocellulose or other (sugar?) fractions for FTIR….

• another region indicating free acids ties up closely with pH values in the SC set, more environmental data are needed to check this for all WP1 data

• a combination of the free acid, carbohydrate and ‘lignin’-marker regions may be useful as an index for humification – still in progress