© 2017 Nokia1

Recent Advances in Network Automation StandardsLaurent Ciavaglia

October 2018

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© 2017 Nokia2

• Focus on “elephant” mass-market services that can justify the cost & time

• Expensive and slow to get new service to market due to complex OSS/BSS systems, and manual processes

The future of digital service delivery from Digital Service Providers (DSPs)

New Markets | Faster New Services | Faster Time to Revenue | Higher Customer Satisfaction

• Webscales deliver rapid, personalized, on-demand services - leverage cloud automation but mainly over the top delivery

• CSPs starting to evolve with NFV/SDN to speed the delivery of network services

Traditional CSP

Cloud Transformation

Future DSP

• Digital experience: broad array of new services that combine cloud services and network resources

• Tailor virtual networks for each use case: latency, bandwidth, security, choice of functions

• Agile network: services are rapidlytrialed, deployed & scaled

• Open platform: ecosystem of cloud and network players

Source: Analysys Mason

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The economic incentive to find new revenue sources is clear for today’s CSPs

Value creation lies in novel services where network service performance is critical

Cloud Services ($B) have strong growth but value captured by CSPs has been limited

Future DSP markets ($B in 2025) offer revenue expansion for CSPs

2015

1,000

556

234

207

2019

997

479

322

200

Data

Voice

TV

Traditional CSP service revenues in mature markets* ($B) are flat

* Western Europe, Canada, USA, Japan,

South Korea, Singapore, Australia, and NZ

Source: Gartner

359

41

68

19253139

79

2015

194

CloudAdvertising

2019

VOD/streaming

CloudInfra aaS

SaaS

BPaaS

61

56

134

Health 1590

Factories

Worksites

Cities

Logistics& Transport

1660

850

1210

930

930

560

170

3700

160

Estimated 2025 value creation potential of the IoT - McKinsey Global Institute

Low Estimate High Estimate

Source: Gartner

BPaaS = Business Processes as a Service

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Network Slicing - The foundation for future value creation

Network slices are end-to-end ‘virtual private services’

Composable Network& Service Resources

ApplicationLogic

Virtual NetworkFunctions

Cloud Infrastructure

SW-DefinedConnectivity

Service Request

Slice Request Attributes

Latency:

Throughput:

Reliability:

Mobility:

Geography:

Security:

Analytics:

Cost profile:

…

Network & CloudOrchestration

Service Specific Network Slices

4K,VR

Automatedcomposition& operations

ServiceDelivery

High performancelocalized delivery

UEAccessCore TransportApplication

E2E virtual network optimized for specific tenant, service or service class with dynamic adaption and automated monitoring and control

AugmentedServices

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Network and Service Automation are essential to DSP economics

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Source: Bell Labs Consulting

Without E2E automation NFV/SDN & network slicing add significant cost and complexity

© 2017 Nokia6

The shift: Transformation from CSP to DSP requires a new automation stack

Evolution

DIGITAL SERVICE LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT (LCM)

OPERATIONAL SUPPORT SYSTEMS (OSS)

BUSINESS SUPPORT SYSTEMS (BSS)

PHYSICAL RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE

DIGITAL STOREFRONT CUSTOMER AND BUSINESS AUTOMATION

VIRTUAL & PHYSICALRESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE

CL

OU

D IN

FR

A &

IT

PR

OP

RIE

TA

RY

TE

LE

CO

M

TRADITIONAL DIGITAL Service Provider

Managing complexity and agility of digital services requires fully automated delivery platform

• Service operations• Network & cloud resource management• Data layer management

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The future architecture: What are we aiming for?

Service operations and network domain management with closed loop automation

DIGITAL SERVICE LIFECYCLE

MANAGEMENT (LCM)

DIGITAL STOREFRONT CUSTOMER AND

BUSINESS AUTOMATION

VIRTUAL & PHYSICALRESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE

DIGITAL Service Provider

Service Operations &Cross-Domain Orchestration

Fixed Access DomainIP Routing Domain

Network Domain Management

IP/Optical DomainFixed Access Domain, etc.

Shared & Domain Specific Data

Two level architecture, each with similar operations functions including:

• Orchestration and fulfilment

• Topology and inventory

• Assurance and analytics

• DevOps

(physical or virtual)Virtual & Physical Resources

Areas of focus for this discussion

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From silos and custom integration to full multi-domain automation Perspective: Evolution of network management architectures

1980 - 2000

Single-Vendor Domains

2000 - 2012

Multi-Vendor Domains

2012 - 2018

Network Virtualization

Beyond 2018

Network Automation

A new architecture is required to enable network and service automation

Increasing operational complexity Operational agility and efficiency

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Network automation

Multi-level automation

Automation: the action of making a task executable without human intervention

Automation applies from individual functions to orchestration of entire chain of automation i.e. workflows

Automation must apply inside and across domains e.g. enabling end-to-end slice provisioning

Automation challenges

Diversity. How to design automation patterns applicable to the heterogeneity of devices and components

Reliability. How to avoid massive error propagation when extreme automation is deployed

Uncertainty. How to automate when faced with lack of knowledge or variability of the environment or conditions

Automation means

Measurementusing streaming telemetry and analytics to generate actionable insights

Learningusing machine learning to identify patterns and enable predictive operations

Decision using cognitive and adaptive closed control loops to produce effective (re)action plans

Managementusing powerful, declarative abstractions (e.g. intents)

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From reactivity to zero-touch automation Perspective: Evolution of network management automation

Zero-TouchProactiveReactiveNetwork/serviceoperations

Closed-loop network and service automation

Partially automated processesLow: single taskLevel of automation

Prescriptive analytics & machine intelligence

Predictive analytics,e.g. for maintenance/repair

Descriptive & diagnostic analytics, for example

anomaly detectionIntelligence

Fully programmable with embedded software control

More dynamic with partial software control overlay

Static networkNetwork agility

Past Present Future

Source: adapted from Analysis Mason

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Closed-Loop “Zero-Touch“ Network Automation

OODA – Observe, Orient, Decide, Act - Closed Control Loop

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Modular, extensible and scalable architecture, optimized for closed-loopNokia vision of future network and service automation architecture

Service operations:

• Service-level automation driven by service intelligence and

orchestration across all domains

• Self-ordering processes automated via catalogues and open APIs

Network domain management:

• Domain-level automation driven by network intelligence and

orchestration across all network functions

• Model-driven resource assurance and control

• Cross-domain data exposure and optimization enabled by a

network data service

• Cloud-native VNFs

Closed-loop automation is applied on service management and domain management levels

Shared & Domain Specific Data

Network Resources(physical or virtual)Network Resources

(physical or virtual)

End-End Service Operations

Fixed Access DomainIP Routing Domain

Domain Management

Multi-Vendor Network Resources(physical or virtual)

Fixed Access DomainIP & Optical Domain

Wireless Domain

Network Intelligence

Service Intelligence

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State of the industry

Currently there are multiple inconsistent management frameworks in the industry, many silos, a lack of alignment and a lack of interoperability.

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It is essential to move to an environment that leverages

synergies and achieves alignment through convergence on a

single end-to-end network and service management

architecture.

© 2017 Nokia14

ETSI ISG ZSMFormed in December 2017; first meeting in January 2018

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14 founding members

Formed under the auspices

of the ETSI ISG

Key objective

Enable future operational

processes and tasks to be

executed automatically, end-to-

end

Industry convergence

Facilitate collaboration with the

relevant open-source projects,

standardization bodies and fora

Goal

Accelerate the definition of the

end-to-end service management

architecture, spanning both legacy

and virtualized network

infrastructures

Interoperability

Provide a common foundation to

enable a diverse ecosystem of

open source groups to produce

interoperable solutions

© 2017 Nokia15

The ISG ZSM continues growing in a steady and healthy pace

58 members; 17 operators

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Industry alignment: ETSI ZSM has a central role in the automation ecosystem

• ETSI Zero touch network and Service

Management (ZSM) has a pivotal role in

bridging between holistic end-end

automation and other standardization bodies

or open source projects

• Requirements derived from use cases

• Architecture for management/automation

• Open-source projects like ONAP should focus

on implementation and validation

• Alignment discussion with LNF and ONAP

already started

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© 2017 Nokia17

Note: the ZSM DRAFT specifications are publicly available via the ZSM open area (Link).

ZSM deliverables

Work item Title

ZSM 001 Use cases and requirements (specification)

ZSM 002 Reference Architecture (specification)

ZSM 003 End to end management and orchestration of network slicing (specification)

ZSM 004 ZSM Landscape (report)

ZSM 005Means for Automation (report)

ZSM 006 Proof of Concept Framework (specification)

ZSM 007 Terminology

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ETSI GS ZSM 001: Purpose, Goal and Approach

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ETSI GS ZSM 001: Modus Operandi

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ETSI GS ZSM 001: What We Have

Scenarios identify business-oriented and automation-related challenges faced by operators and vertical industries

Scenarios analysis derives architectural, functional and operational requirements

Currently: 31 scenarios and 90+ requirements contributed

Ongoing consolidation:

Group similar or related scenarios together

Refine requirements: identify redundancies and reword where necessary

Will improve quality, consistency and readability of ZSM 001 specification

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* Link to ZSM_RefArch DRAFT specification

ZSM architecture (ZSM 002*)

ZSM baseline architecture

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Architectural principles:

• Modular, flexible and extensible service-

based architecture

• Separation of concerns: network domain

management and end-to-end cross-domain

service management; resources in multiple

domains can be managed separately.

• Open interfaces

• Model-driven service and resource

abstraction

• Adaptive closed-loop management

automation, with rule and policy driven

automated decision-making mechanisms

• Stateless functional components

• Design for reliability

© 2017 Nokia22

What next?

• The ISG will conduct a gap analysis to ensure that existing activities are not duplicated and that the barriers to end-to-end automation are addressed

• If a gap can be addressed by an existing body, that body will be encouraged to do the work to avoid duplication. The ISG will work to fill the remaining gaps.

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Additional information

• ZSM Terms of Reference (Link)

• ZSM technology page (Link)

• ZSM blogs (Link)

• ZSM Wiki, pointing to information related to ZSM PoCs (Link)

• ZSM FAQ (Link)

• List of members (Link)

• Operators’ white paper (Link) on the necessity of automation in end-to-end network and service management

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Epilogue

– We have just embarked on an exciting journey towards the automation transformation that will help operators to meet user expectations for service agility and create new business opportunities.

– The ISG intends to drive a highly focused and agile industry effort involving key players spanning the breadth of the ecosystem.

– The ISG is open for both ETSI members and non-ETSI members. The different players in the value chain are welcome to join the ISG effort, contribute to the development of the specifications and demonstrate Proofs of Concepts (PoCs).

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Thank you!

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