recent administrative reform of south korea

Recent Administrative Reform of South Korea- Focused on transparent government strategy

2014. 6. 10-12 / Indonesia

Dr. Joon-Young Hur

Associate Researcher / KIPA

[email protected]

OECD Conference

* This draft is based on official documents regardingGov. 3.0 by Min. of Security and Public Administration

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Transparent Gov. strategy

Introduction

Gov. 3.0 as a new administrative reform

Performance and Evaluation

Contents

Concluding Remark

Introduction

Background of recent Administrative Reform

Introduction-I

Bright & Dark side of Development

: Changed status of Korea: From one of the poorest countries to the world leader in

ICT

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: Korean feel unhappy regardless of the achievement they earned

- GDP per capita (1962: $104 2013: $24,000)

- Export (1962: $60mil 2013: $560bil)

- 82% of home has PC and broadband Internet (2012)

- 3 out of 4 mobile phone users use smart phones (2013)

- Working Hours 1st

- Suicide rate 1st

- Birth rate 34th among 34 OECD member nations

Strength & Potential

Introduction-2

ICT Infrastructure & Capacity

- Minwon24(E-Service portal)

: Issuance: 125 million documents(2013)

Online issue covers 50% of all the

documents issued for citizens(2013)

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Experience of e-government service through ICT

- Transformation of major enterprises from home appliance company to the ICT company

(Samsung, LG, etc.)

- Naver, the leading internet company of Korea has stock market values of 6th (higher than

those of KIA and LG)

- Rapid growth of e-commerce and mobile market

* Online shopping: $22 billion (2008) $46 billion (2012)

* Mobile shopping: $2 million(2008) $1.6 billion (2012)

- Home Tax Service

91 million visits per year

Electronic issuance: 75%

Cost saving: $837 million annually

Rationale for new public administrative reform: Advance beyond E-Government

Introduction-3

E-Government has not changed the way government works much

- Information utilization rate is lower in spite of advanced E-Government services and

infrastructure

- Innovative programs through ICT should contribute to change government culture

and the way official working

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More customized services for meeting citizens’ needs

- Failing to integrate online services of each agency due to the lack of information

sharing in government

- Providing one-stop, customized service for each people for promoting the well-

being of Korean

Gov. 3.0

Gov. 3.0

Gov 3.0-I

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Definition

- Gov. 3.0 is a new paradigm for government operation to promote active sharing of

public information and removal of barriers existing among government ministries for

better collaboration. The ultimate goal is to provide customized services for individual

citizens, to generate more jobs and to support creative economy

Characters

- Citizen centered government innovation

- Apply & diffuse core values to all areas of governing (open, share, communicate,

collaborate)

- Provide customized services to citizens

- Create jobs and support creative economy

Gov. 3.0 – paradigm shift

Gov 3.0-2

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- Gov. 3.0 aims at overcoming the limits of Gov.2.0

- It attempts to pursue the happiness of individual citizens by providing customized service

based ob such key values as openness, sharing, communication and collaboration

Gov. 3.0 – Vision & Strategy

Gov 3.0-3

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- The Korean Government intends to realize a transparent, competent and service-oriented

government with various strategies and values

- The ultimate goal of Gov. 3.0 is to provide citizens with customized services thereby

bringing them more happiness

Gov. 3.0 – Strategy & Major Tasks

Gov 3.0-4

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- Government 3.0 has three strategic areas – transparent government, competent

government and service-oriented government – and is pursuing 10 tasks under such

strategies

Gov. 3.0 – Strategy & Major Tasks

Gov 3.0-5

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- Under the Cabinet Council are the National Policy Coordination Council, and the Public

Data Strategy Committee

- The Min. of Security & Public Administration is in charge of the overall management

Transparent Gov.

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Trans. Gov.-1

Overview of Transparent Gov.

Before After

• Limited access to public information by citizens

• Insufficient use of public databy private sector

• Lack of opportunities for citizens to participate in public affairs

• Increased transparency and reliability by the expansion of information disclosure

• Job creation using public data

• Vitalized governance between the government and citizens

- The Korean Government intends to realize a transparent government that discloses public

information and data to citizens, thereby allowing high quality information to be used to

establish startups and create added values

- “Open public Information and Data” tasks would enhance citizen’s economic activity

and social engagement with those data

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Trans. Gov.-2

Task 1 – Advanced Disclosure of Public Information

Action II: Establishing the Original Text Disclosure System

Goal: Empowering People’s Right to Know through Information Disclosure

Action I: Expanding Advanced Customized Information Disclosure

Criteria of Disclosure

- Information closely related to citizens' lives

* Food and hygiene, security, family and welfare, local price

- Information on large-scale projects

* Public projects, Contract information

- Information for administrative supervision, such as budget execution and project

assessment results

* Local finance, Government supervision

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Trans. Gov.-3

Task 1 – Leading Case

Providing convenience for citizens’ daily lives

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Trans. Gov.-4

Task 2 – Business support & job creation by opening public DB

Action II: Creating collaborative systems for public data disclosure

Goal: Enhancing Improving the Accessibility of Information

Action I: Disclosing highly sought-after public data

Preferred public Data

- Culture: copy right Information, art knowledge directories, overseas travel safety information, etc.

- Environment: Nationwide air quality information, information on the integrated management of

green products, etc

- Food: Livestock rating, history & distribution information, food & drug toxicity information, etc

- Safety: Emergency response information, safety information on children’s play facilities, elevator

safety management information, etc

- Homeland: Aerial photographs & satellite images, 3D spatial information, etc

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Trans. Gov.-5


Developing business model with public data

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Trans. Gov.-6

Task 3 – A government that works with its citizens

Action II: vitalizing online policy debates

Goal: Strengthening Public-Private Partnerships & Collaborations

Action I: Multiple channels for citizens’ involvement & communication

- Citizens can suggest ideas or complaints anytime and anywhere through various channels, such

as telephone, text messages, SNS, and the people’s online portal

- Large scale of national projects and major government tasks are brought to online discussions

on the people’s online portal so that citizens can suggest ideas

- Policy discussion in the portal offers e-hearing, policy forum and survey function

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Trans. Gov.-7


Providing diverse communication & participation channels

Performance & Evaluation

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Performance-1

Performance

Planning Process

- Institution building: active legislative & organizational input

Ex) Official Information Disclosure Act reform, Construction of a system based, Act on Promotion of

the Provision and Use of Public Data Legislation, Enforcement to be provided online policy

discussion management proposal

Implementation Process

- Enlargement of public service delivery: The Vision Declaration Ceremony (`13.6.19), the

emphasis on Enforcement of Law

Ex) Proactively increasing information disclosure & Public Data disclosure after the Vision Declaration

Ceremony, Promotion of improved regulations

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Performance-2

Performance


- Various success cases

* Vehicle History Reporting Service

* Data Management System for National standard food composition

Feedback Process

- Investigation on individual agency’s plan for expanding proactive information

disclosure, inspecting all cases on holding public DB and disclosure plan

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Evaluation-1

Evaluation

Planning Process

- Lack of understanding of the individual agencies and their weak supporting systems,

- Existence of laws(e.g. Weather Industry Promotion Act, Statistics Act, etc.) hindering

active disclosure and utilization

- lower public participation at policy making process


- Information disclosure from providers’ view point(lack of information closely related

to citizens’ lives), Selected, passive, & post disclosure as well as disclosure on

request practice

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Evaluation-2

Evaluation


- One-way of data disclosure(providers-oriented practice relating to paid public data)

- Lack of opportunities for citizens to participate in policy affairs(lack of incentive for

policy, PR, & marketing)

Feedback Process

- Lack of active engagement of the individual organizations(low level of goal, great

variations in the individual -agencies, lack of the evaluation system for activating

information disclosure

- Lack of Performance-based evaluation system for Public data disclosure, lack of

systematic support infrastructure considering performance evaluation

- Lack of policy evaluation system by citizens, Un-Institutionalization of incentives for

participating citizens

Concluding Remark

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Conclusion-1

Conclusion

Outstanding performance in a short period of time but still way to go!

Planning Process

- Establishing of running year-round operation system for continual expanding -

proactive information disclosure, Provision of support system for activating - proactive

information disclosure

- Improvement of laws and regulations restricting data disclosure as well as data use

through collaboration among related ministries, Expanding recipient users and use

range

- Upgrading level of participation, Establishing a law for strengthening public-private

partnerships and collaborations ( ex. Act on Promotion of public participation)

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Conclusion-2

Conclusion


- Information disclosure to meet citizen’s needs, principles of pre-emptive, active,

and original text disclosure

- Disclosing highly sought-after public data(expanding of disclosure, Standardizing of

DB as well as platform for private use), Improving practice shifting of public data cost

to private data users

- Establishment of online public-private collaboration arena(activating online policy

debate), Expansion of public-private partnership area(Cloud funding for policy

actualization, citizen preliminary completion inspection commission), Diversifying

public-private communication channels

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Conclusion-3

Conclusion

Feedback Process

- Establishment of the assessment criteria relevant to - information disclosure, constant

monitoring and evaluation for the performance of information disclosure, Establishing

an incentive system after settlement of performance assessment criteria

- Establishment of the performance assessment and incentive system for expanding

public data disclosure, Provision of supporting system relating performance

assessment to individual organization

- Establishment of citizen policy evaluation, Institutionalization of reflecting citizens’

evaluation and feedback in policy process(-ex. Citizen monitoring, Citizen evaluation

system)

Thank you!

recent administrative reform of south korea

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