James O’Callaghan

Reasons-for Ryan Packard-

Performance notes:

In general, size of graphics indicate dynamics, but conventional dynamics and articulations are added in some areas for precision.

Timings are given in ‘real time’. The performer may coordinate with a stopwatch or use timings as a guideline.

There are only occasional moments where the performer must observe cues in the tape part in order to synchronise. In all other places,

synchronisation with the electronics is cued by the performer.

Duration: ca. 7:20

Technical Requirements:

2 Hyper-cardioid condenser microphones with pop filters1 Foot pedal (sends midi signal on channel 64)1 Hardware compressor (optional)1 Audio Interface (Sampling rate of 96000 Hz or better)1 Macintosh Computer (OSX 10.5 or newer)1 Mixing Board2 Speakers

Suggested configuration:

Notes:The choice of hyper-cardioid microphones is to limit the cross-talk between microphones: the input gain of the microphones will have to be different to accommodate the different playing techniques predominantly used on each book:It is suggested that Microphone 1 passes through a hardware compressor, with a high threshold and ratio, in order to avoid clipping with loud sounds (i.e. book slamming shut) and still pick up softer sounds.Microphone 2 will require a gain boost to pick up the intimate sounds of page flips.Both mics will require pop filters, as techniques such as page turnings and book slams will cause wind.

The audio interface must accommodate a sampling rate of 96000 Hz or higher in order to reduce latency in the convolution reverb processing.

The included software was created in Max/MSP. Both a runtime environment 'reasons.app' and the original patch are included. For inexperienced users, 'reasons.app' is recommended and is all that is necessary to run the piece. The original patch 'reasons.maxpat' is included if technical adjustments are necessary, and requires the software Max/MSP 5.1 and several external objects (listed in readme.txt file).

The piece is designed for an intimate scenario, with stereo speakers placed near the performer, but multichannel diffusion is possible. A monitor may be required for the performer.

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