reading comprehension, modal verbs, tag questions, do and...

APRESENTAÇÃO

Este módulo faz parte da coleção intitulada MATERIAL MODULAR, destinada às três

séries do Ensino Médio e produzida para atender às necessidades das diferentes rea-

lidades brasileiras. Por meio dessa coleção, o professor pode escolher a sequência que

melhor se encaixa à organização curricular de sua escola.

A metodologia de trabalho dos Modulares auxilia os alunos na construção de argumen-

tações; possibilita o diálogo com outras áreas de conhecimento; desenvolve as capaci-

dades de raciocínio, de resolução de problemas e de comunicação, bem como o espírito

crítico e a criatividade. Trabalha, também, com diferentes gêneros textuais (poemas,

histórias em quadrinhos, obras de arte, gráficos, tabelas, reportagens, etc.), a fim de

dinamizar o processo educativo, assim como aborda temas contemporâneos com o ob-

jetivo de subsidiar e ampliar a compreensão dos assuntos mais debatidos na atualidade.

As atividades propostas priorizam a análise, a avaliação e o posicionamento perante

situações sistematizadas, assim como aplicam conhecimentos relativos aos conteúdos

privilegiados nas unidades de trabalho. Além disso, é apresentada uma diversidade de

questões relacionadas ao ENEM e aos vestibulares das principais universidades de cada

região brasileira.

Desejamos a você, aluno, com a utilização deste material, a aquisição de autonomia

intelectual e a você, professor, sucesso nas escolhas pedagógicas para possibilitar o

aprofundamento do conhecimento de forma prazerosa e eficaz.

Gerente Editorial

Reading comprehension, modal verbs,

tag questions, do and make

© Editora Positivo Ltda., 2013

Proibida a reprodução total ou parcial desta obra, por qualquer meio, sem autorização da Editora.

DIRETOR-SUPERINTENDENTE: DIRETOR-GERAL:

DIRETOR EDITORIAL: GERENTE EDITORIAL:

GERENTE DE ARTE E ICONOGRAFIA:AUTORIA:

ORGANIZAÇÃO:EDIÇÃO DE CONTEÚDO:

EDIÇÃO:ANALISTA DE ARTE:

PESQUISA ICONOGRÁFICA:EDIÇÃO DE ARTE:

ILUSTRAÇÃO:PROJETO GRÁFICO:

EDITORAÇÃO:CRÉDITO DAS IMAGENS DE ABERTURA:

PRODUÇÃO:

IMPRESSÃO E ACABAMENTO:

CONTATO:

Ruben FormighieriEmerson Walter dos SantosJoseph Razouk JuniorMaria Elenice Costa DantasCláudio Espósito GodoySamira Abdel JalilAngela M. H. WaleskoFernanda Macêdo de Oliveira LimaRosana FidelixTatiane Esmanhotto KaminskiElcio B. de OliveiraAngela Giseli de SouzaDeko / Divo / DKOO

2 Design Gráfico

Rosemara Aparecida BuzetiDreamstime.com/Kmiragaya/Dreamstime.com/Sebastian Kaulitzki/Dreamstime.com/Mark Herreid/Dreamstime.com/Yukchong Kwan/Dreamstime.com/Christopher Ewing/iStockphoto.com/José Luis Gutiérrez/iStockphoto.com/PeskyMonkey/iStockphoto.com/Geoffrey HolmanEditora Positivo Ltda.Rua Major Heitor Guimarães, 17480440-120 Curitiba – PRFone: (0xx41) 3312-3500 Fax: (0xx41) 3312-3599Gráfica Posigraf S.A.Rua Senador Accioly Filho, 50081300-000 Curitiba – PRFax: (0xx41) 3212-5452E-mail: [email protected]@positivo.com.br

Todos os direitos reservados à Editora Positivo Ltda.

Neste livro, você encontra ícones com códigos de acesso aos conteúdos digitais. Veja o exemplo:

Acesse o Portal e digite o código na Pesquisa Escolar.

@ING396Some unusual

sports from

around the word

@ING396

Dados Internacionais para Catalogação na Publicação (CIP)(Maria Teresa A. Gonzati / CRB 9-1584 / Curitiba, PR, Brasil)

J26 Jalil, Samira Abdel.Ensino médio : modular : língua inglesa : reading comprehension : modal verbs : tag

questions : do and make / Samira Abdel Jalil ; ilustrações Deko, Divo, DKO. – Curitiba : Positivo, 2013.

: il.

ISBN 978-85-385-7477-4 (livro do aluno)ISBN 978-85-385-7478-1 (livro do professor)

1. Língua inglesa. Ensino médio – Currículos. I.Deko. II. Divo. III. DKO. IV. Título.

CDU 373.33

SUMÁRIO

Unidade 1: Advances in Genetics: Cloning, Genetically Modified products, and the Human Genome Project

Unidade 4: Digital animation

Unidade 5: Fashion and beauty

Unidade 2: Teen issues

Unidade 3: Globalization and the shopaholic generation

Modal verbs 10

Giving advice with should 21

Past modal verbs 30

Asking questions 42

Tag questions 43

Do and make 53

Advances in Genetics: Cloning, Genetically

and the Human Genome Project

1

The next major explosion is going to be when genetics and computers

come together. I‘m talking about an organic computer – about biological

substances that can function like a semiconductor.

Alvin Toffler

Reading comprehension, modal verbs, tag questions, do and make4

Below you will find some information about the Human Genome Project. Read the statements. Then, discuss the questions that follow with your classmates and explain your answers.

The Human Genome Project (HGP) – basic info

It was a 13-year project (1990-2003) coordinated by the U.S. department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health.

It had the contribution of several countries, such as Japan, Germany, France, and China. Some of its goals were to identify over 20,000 genes in human DNA; determine billions of

DNA sequences; have this information in its database; improve tools for data analysis; transfer these technologies to private sectors; address related ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI).

Some areas of studies that benefit from the HGP are molecular medicine, DNA identification, agriculture, among others.

Some of the ELSI involve privacy of genetic information, reproductive rights, genetically modified foods, and others.

Fonte: THE HUMAN Genome Project Information. Disponível em: <http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/home.shtml>. Acesso em: 25 abr. 2010. Adaptação.

1. What can be some of the medical benefits of the HGP?

2. Do you see any disadvantages to the HGP? If so, which ones?

© W

ikim

edia

Com

mon

s/St

eve

Jurv

etso

n©

Shu

tter

stoc

k/Se

bast

ian

Kaul

itzki

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Jam

es S

teid

lLa

tinSt

ock/

Phot

ores

earc

hes/

Kenn

eth

Edw

ard

Ensino Médio | Modular 5

LÍNGUA INGLESA

Read the definitions for the words or expressions below. They were taken from the text Scientists reveal gene-swapping technique to thwart inherited diseases. Then, fill in the gaps with the words in the box:

WORDS/EXPRESSIONS DEFINITIONS

DISORDER A physical or mental condition that is not normal.

DONOR Someone who gives or donates an organ, for example.

INHERITED DISEASE It’s a disease or disorder that is genetically transmitted.

MUTATION It is a change in the genetic structure.

PIONEERING TECHNIQUEIt is any sort of new and better techniques that are presented for the first time.

SWAP To change places or a position.

THWART To prevent someone from doing what they are trying to do.

UNTREATABLE A disease or patient that cannot be medically treated.

a) There is a great shortage of blood in our city.

b) If you have to take more than one bus to school, you have to buses on the way.

c) An innovative therapy has offered cancer patients new hopes.

d) Anorexia is an eating .

e) Radiation and viruses can cause a in human genes.

f) The government is trying to the genetic tests made by the HGP representatives in Siberia.

g) Gene-swapping is a .

h) Alzheimer is a type of .

As palavras cognatas, ou seja, aquelas que possuem uma raiz etimologicamente comum, podem ser de grande ajuda na compreensão de um texto em língua estrangeira. Mas, cuidado! Algumas vezes podem surgir falsos cognatos, que são aquelas palavras que parecem significar algo pela sua semelhança com uma das línguas conhecidas, mas que possuem outro significado. Por isso, quando encontrar uma palavra que você acredite ser um cognato “verdadeiro”, verifique o sentido que a palavra assume no contexto!

Alguns exemplos de falsos cognatos em inglês-português: exit (saída, e não êxito); to intend (pretender, e não entender); pretend (fingir, e não pretender), entre outros.

Além dos cognatos, as palavras emprestadas (e, às vezes, adaptadas) do inglês para o português também ficam visíveis, como laptop ou deletar. Essas palavras são chamadas de borrowings ou empréstimos linguísticos.

Information

about false

cognates,

also known as

false friends

@ING459


1. Getting readyNow that you know what cognates are, look for some of them in the text Scientists reveal gene-swapping technique to thwart inherited diseases. Copy them in the space provided. Then, in groups, make a preview of what the text is about.

COGNATES

2. While readingAs you read, look for the answers to the questions presented in the boxes on the sides of the text Scientists reveal gene-swapping technique to thwart inherited diseases. Underline the sentences that can help you answer those questions.

Sarah Boseley, health editor Wednesday 14 April 2010

Scientists today offered new hope for women at risk of passing on certain inherited diseases to their children, in the form of a pioneering technique to move healthy genetic material from fertilised eggs into donated ones.

Researchers from Newcastle University say their breakthrough will help women whose children are at risk of a range of mitochondrial diseases. These disorders can be mild or very severe, and can cause muscle weakness, blindness, heart and liver failure, diabetes and learning disabilities. They affect one child in every 6,500.

The diseases are caused by mutations in the small amount of genetic material in the mitochondria, which provide the cell with energy. Mitochondrial DNA is separate from the nucleus in a fertilised egg, and is passed on solely by the mother.

The disorders their children suffer are untreatable. Women normally discover they are carriers after relatives have had babies with mitochondrial diseases. If they decide to be tested, they must then opt to remain childless or take the chance of passing on the disease to their child.

The Newcastle University researchers write in the journal Nature that they have successfully transplanted the healthy DNA in human eggs from women with mitochondrial disease into the eggs of

women donors who are unaffected."What we have done is like changing the battery on a laptop,"

said Professor Doug Turnbull, one of the study leaders. "The energy supply now works properly but none of the information on the hard

drive has been changed."A child born using this method would have correctly functioning mitochondria but in every other respect would get all their genetic information from their father and mother."[…]

BOSELEY, Sarah. Scientists reveal gene-swapping technique to thwart inherited diseases. Disponível em: <http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/apr/14/scientists-gene-swap-technique-disease>. Acesso em: 20 abr. 2010.

Scientists reveal gene-swapping technique to thwart inherited diseases

Transfer of healthy material from fertilised to donated eggs could stop women passing on incurable illnesses

What text genre is it?

Fertility treatment in action

What are its basic characteristics?

What is the text about?

What is this pioneering technique about?

Why is this technique so important?

Who will benefit the most from this technique?

How are inherited diseases caused?

What is this technique compared to?

Latin

Stoc

k/Ph

otor

esea

rche

rs/

Han

k M

orga

n

5

10

15

20


LÍNGUA INGLESA

3. Getting the messageNow, answer the questions in the space provided:

Since genetic testing and, consequently, the Human Genome Project (HGP) involve ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI), there are lots of questions that can come up for discussion. Read the following statements. In groups, discuss them with your classmates. Do you agree or disagree with them? Why do you say so?

Scientists can determine who will have access to our personal genetic information and how it will be used.

People don’t need to be informed of the risks of genetic testing. The doctors can deal with it because they know what is best for their patients.

Fetal genetic testing is something very useful because people can prevent diseases in future generations.

Parents should allow their children to be tested for their genes in order to prevent future diseases.

Organ cloning is something that should be accepted as normal to save lives.

Genetically Modified Foods are mostly safe for humans and the environment.

a) What text genre is it?

b) What are its basic characteristics?

c) What is the text about?

d) What is this pioneering technique about?

e) Who will benefit the most from this technique?

f) Why is this technique so important?

g) How are inherited diseases caused in general?

h) What is this technique compared to?


1. Getting readyHave you ever heard of the Genetically Modified (GM) products? Read the following excerpt about them. How do you like the idea of eating genetically modified foods, for example? Talk about your experience with GM products with your classmates.

What are Genetically Modified (GM) Foods?

Things that are Genetically Modified (GM) are the animals, plants and bacteria that go through an alternation in their genetics through new technologies. Combining genes from different organisms is known as recombinant DNA technology, and the resulting organism is said to be "genetically modified," "genetically engineered," or "transgenic." GM products (current or those in development) include medicines and vaccines, foods and food ingredients, feeds, and fibers. […]

Fonte: WHAT are Genetically Modified (GM) Foods? Disponível em: <http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/gmfood.shtml>. Acesso em: 12 abr. 2010.

2. While listeningNow you are going to listen to some information about the benefits and the controversies that surround GM products. While you listen, take notes on the table below: La

tinSt

ock/

Phot

ores

earc

hers

/Br

ookh

aven

Nat

iona

l Lab

orat

ory

BENEFITS CONTROVERSIES

CROPS SAFETY

ANIMALSACCESS ANDINTELLECTUALPROPERTY

ENVIRONMENT ETHICS

SOCIETY SOCIETY

3. Getting the messageListen again. Write T for the statements that are true and F for the ones that are false. Then, compare your answers with your classmates: Benefits( ) Food taste better and have more nutrients.( ) Growing techniques are going to be the same.( ) Animals are healthier.( ) It is bad for environmental conservation.Controversies( ) Scientists know all the effects of genetic modification.( ) Few companies will monopolize the GM product market.( ) Developing countries will depend more on developed countries.( ) GM production will neither affect nor violate the natural development of species.


LÍNGUA INGLESA

Modal verbs

1. Looking at languageLeia as frases a seguir, retiradas do texto Scientists reveal gene-swapping technique to thwart inherited diseases:

Transfer of healthy material from fertilised to donated eggs could stop women passing on incurable diseases.

These diseases can be mild or very severe.

O que elas têm em comum em termos de sentido?

Quais são as palavras que podem levar à conclusão acima?

Além de can e could, existem outros dois verbos modais que também apresentam esse mesmo sentido, de acordo com o contexto em que estão inseridos. Quais são eles?

Dependendo do grau de certeza com relação à possibilidade apresentada, pode-se usar um ou outro verbo modal.

Complete o quadro a seguir usando os quatro verbos modais acima apresentados, posicionando-os de acordo com o critério da probabilidade:

(Very probable) (Less probable)

O modal can pode indicar habilidade ou capacidade de se fazer algo. Exemplo:

A chemist can help doctors, farmers, and food preparers do their jobs better.

Some tips!

1. Os verbos modais são invariáveis e não levam nenhum tipo de desinência.

Exemplo: These diseases can be mild or very severe. Formas incorretas: This disease cans be mild or very severe. These diseases can are mild or very severe.

2. Para frases negativas, somente adiciona-se not entre o modal e o verbo principal. Há a possibilidade de se usar a forma contraída para can (can’t) e could (couldn’t).

Exemplos: These diseases cannot be mild or very severe. These diseases can’t be mild or very severe.

Modal verbs:

may and

might

@ING449


2. Practical activitiesThe following text is about biotechnologists and what they do. Fill in the gaps with MAY or CAN to indicate the possibilities and/or abilities.

Read the following text in order to learn about a possible area of study when you finish High School. Then, discuss the following question with your classmates:

Why can employment of agricultural and food scientists be fairly stable?

What does a biotechnologist do?Most biotechnologists usually have a postgraduate degree in

biology, organic chemistry, or plant and animal sciences. They also take coursework in business since many biotechnology careers are in production fields. Many biotechnology careers in consulting or management require advanced degrees, although some research positions

only need undergraduate studies.An entry level biotechnologist typically

work in a laboratory environment. He or she assist a laboratory technician and perform research, record findings and analyze results. […].

Since biotechnology be applied to various industries, biotechnologists generally specialize in a particular area. One of the most common fields of biotechnology is in product development and manufacturing. A biotechnologist use his or her knowledge of microorganisms to make processed food or household products. […].

The medical industry also implements biotechnology. A biotechnologist who works in the medical field perform research to discover cures for diseases. He or she

use those findings to help develop drugs or other treatments for pharmaceutical companies. […]

Although many modern biotechnologists use their educations to work in industry, others still practice careers in academia. A biotechnologist be awarded grant money to pursue independent research and publish his or her findings in scientific journals. Other academic biotechnologists work as college professors and advise students, as well as oversee research programs.

Fonte: WHAT does a biotechnologist do. Disponível em: <http://www.wisegeek.com/what-does-a-biotechnologist-do.htm>. Acesso em: 18 abr. 2010.

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Zebr

ik©

Shu

tter

stoc

k/A

lexa

nder

Rat

hs©

Shu

tter

stoc

k/Cu

beph

oto

LÍNGUA INGLESA


http://www.bls.gov/k12/nature05.htm.

AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD SCIENTIST

Latin

Stoc

k/Co

rbis

Syg

ma/

Boja

n Br

ecel

j

What is this job like?

Agricultural and food scientists study farm crops and animals. They solve problems in agriculture and food production. […] They use the principles of biology, chemistry, and other sciences. […] Many work in research and development. They may work for businesses, individuals, or the government.

Food scientists and technologists work in the food processing industry. […] They try to create food products that are healthy, safe, tasty, and easy to use. They find better ways to preserve, process, package, store, and deliver foods. Some food scientists discover new foods. Others analyze foods to see how much fat, sugar, or protein is in them. Others search for better food additives.

Plant scientists can specialize in agronomy, which is a branch of science that deals with the production of field crops. Some work in plant breeding. Agronomists and crop scientists help farmers grow more food for more people while preserving our natural resources. They look for ways to improve the nutrition in foods. They also work on making better seeds and ways to remove pests.

Soil scientists study how soils help plants grow. They see how things like fertilizer can improve soils. […]

Animal scientists work to develop better ways of making meat, poultry, eggs, and milk. Some animal scientists inspect and grade food products. […]

Get

ty Im

ages

/Sto

ne/M

icha

el R

osen

feld

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Leah

-Ann

e Th

omps

onLa

tinSt

ock/

Scie

nce

Phot

o Li

brar

y/U

S D

epar

tam

ent O

f Agr

icul

ture

Latin

Stoc

k/Co

rbis

/Wol

fgan

g Fl

amis

ch

Fonte: AGRICULTURAL and Food Scientist. Disponível em: <http://www.bls.gov/k12/nature05.htm>. Acesso em: 3 maio 2010.

12Reading comprehension, modal verbs, tag questions, do and make

Reproductive cloning is a technology that is used to generate animals that have

the same DNA as an existing animal. One of the most famous cases of animal cloning is Dolly, the sheep born in 1998 and put down by lethal injection in 2003 because she had lung cancer and arthritis.

In groups, do some research on reproductive cloning. Decide whether your group is for or against it. Then, make up the briefing of a bumper sticker ad that shows your arguments for or against reproductive cloning in no more than two sentences. Professor Ian Wilmut with Dolly

Latin

Stoc

k /

Scie

nce

Phot

o Li

brar

y /

Gus

toIm

ages

1. (UNIFEI – MG)

DNA may help solve crimes, but now the building blocks of life can also hang, framed, on the wall. With a simple swab from inside the cheek, companies can create abstract portraits of the genetic code. The U.S. founder of this concept, Darrin Grandmason, came up with the idea after taking an advanced microbiology course. His company specializes in genetic blueprints of the family pet. Because of 99.9% of human genes are identical, the company works with the 0.1% that are different, specializing in family portraits.

(Extracted from Newsweek Magazine, Vol. CL, no. 17)

Which statement below is true according to the text?

a) Dr. Darrin Grandmason has found a new concept of abstracting the genetic code by just having a simple swab from inside the cheek.

b) Dr. Darrin Grandmason’s company has been helping families by healing pets through their genetic blueprints study.

c) Companies are making prints that are based on what makes a genome unique as a piece of art.

d) A British clinic deals with the 0.1 percent of non-identical genes to specialize in family behavior.

(UFRJ) Com base no texto, responda, em portu-guês, às questões 2 e 3.

Texto

What is Basic Research?

Basic (aka fundamental or pure) research is driven by a scientist’s curiosity or interest in a scientific question. The main motivation is to expand man’s knowledge, not to create or invent something. There is no obvious commercial value to the discoveries that result from basic research.

For example, basic science investigations probe for answers to questions such as:

electrons composed of?

the fruit fly?

Most scientists believe that a basic, fundamental understanding of all branches of science is needed in order for progress to take place. In other words, basic research lays down the foundation for the applied science that follows. If basic work is done first, then applied spin-offs often eventually result from this research.

What is Applied Research?Applied research is designed to solve practical

problems of the modern world, rather than to


LÍNGUA INGLESA

acquire knowledge for knowledge’s sake. One might say that the goal of the applied scientist is to improve the human condition.

For example, applied researchers may investigate ways to:

or modes of transportationSome scientists feel that the time has come for

a shift in emphasis away from purely basic research and toward applied science. This trend, they feel, is necessitated by the problems resulting from global overpopulation, pollution, and the overuse of the earth’s natural resources.

(www.lbl.gov/Education/ELSI/research-main.html, access on Aug. 17, 2007)

2. No que diz respeito a seus propósitos, explique como a pesquisa básica e a pesquisa aplicada se diferenciam.

3. Que fatos da vida moderna justificam a proposta de mais investimentos na pesquisa aplicada?

(UFRJ) Com base no texto, responda, em português, às questões de 4 a 6.

Youth and scientific culture

Hard-wiring science into youth culture

Despite their love of gadgets and technological wizardry, too many young people see science as being uninteresting, distant and, above all, ‘uncool’. This has translated into a gradual dropping off in the numbers of young people pursuing science and technology (S&T) studies and careers. This has potentially serious consequences for Europe. Modern society’s prosperity and well-being is based on continuous scientific and technological progress. As Europe continues its quest to construct the world’s most competitive knowledge-based economy, the demand for top research talent is set to grow massively. If more young people do not join the ranks of the scientific community, this shortfall will become even greater.

Rethinking science Making science more appealing to the young

requires a serious rethinking of the way science is conveyed. Young people attribute their lack of interest in S&T to the way science is taught in schools, the complexity of these subjects, and an apparent shortage of attractive career prospects.

Addressing this requires revamping school

science syllabuses to make them more relevant to young people’s experiences and highlighting the bright prospects S&T offers intellectually and financially, as well as the important role it plays in solving the major challenges that concern them. In short, it requires hard-wiring science into youth culture and awareness.

(ec.europa.eu/research/science-society/index.cfm? fuseaction= public.topic&id=107, access on Aug. 17, 2007)

4. Que atitude dos jovens é fonte de preocupação na Europa?

5. Que projeto econômico do continente essa atitude põe em risco?

6. Cite duas sugestões apresentadas para mudar o cenário preocupante descrito no texto.

(UFPel – RS) Leia atentamente o texto abaixo para responder às questões de 7 a 9.

FDA Approves Food from Clones against the Will of Congress and the American Public

Despite scant data, congressional action demanding further research and over 150,000 public comments in opposition, FDA (Food and Drug Administration) approved the sale of meat and milk from cloned animals yesterday. In addition, the FDA will not require any special procedures for tracking or handling food products from clones. It will not require labeling of any kind on food products from clones or their offspring, depriving consumers of their right to know about the origins of their food. This action comes at a time when Congress has voted twice to delay FDA’s decision on cloned animals until additional safety and economic studies can be completed.

The FDA’s bullheaded action disregards the will of the public and Congress. FDA based their decision on an incomplete and flawed review that relies on studies supplied by cloning companies that want to force cloning technology on American consumers. FDA’s action has placed the interests of a handful of biotech firms above those of the public they are charged with protecting.

While FDA may deem these products safe to enter the market, companies like Ben & Jerry’s and Organic Valley have pledged not to use cloned animals or their offspring. Dean Foods, Hormel, Tyson and Smithfield Foods have also stated they do not plan to accept milk or meat from cloned animals, but have not addressed their plans regarding the offspring of clones.


Sign the Clone-Free Pledge! Let food companies know you won’t buy food from clones. While animal cloning has been banned for use in organic production, we need to let mainstream companies know that we will not buy their products if they are from animal clones or the offspring of clones.What else can you do?

1. Buy organic meats and dairy if you eat animal products. The National Organic Standards rightly prohibit clones and their offspring from use.

2. Tell Congress to Label Food from Cloned Animals! There are bills to label food from clones and their offspring in both the House and Senate. Contact your Congress members and urge them to support this important bill!

(http://ga3.org/cfs/alert-description.html?alert_id=20298520)

7. Assinale a alternativa que descreve o propósito do autor do texto:

a) Veicular propaganda de produtos alimentícios da FDA, provenientes de animais clonados.

b) Mobilizar o leitor a impedir a comercialização de produtos oriundos de animais clonados.

c) Educar o cidadão americano a ler o rótulo de alimentos de origem animal.

d) Divulgar o trabalho do congresso americano no que tange a questões de clonagem animal.

e) Motivar a população mundial a consumir leite de vacas clonadas.

8. A ação empreendida pela FDA:

a) pode ser considerada correta uma vez que esse órgão visa a proteger os consumidores.

b) resulta de uma pesquisa realizada com mais de 150 000 pessoas.

c) prescinde que se regulamente a descrição da composição de um produto no rótulo da em-balagem.

d) vai de encontro à opinião pública e às medidas de segurança requeridas pelo congresso.

e) ignora os interesses das empresas de biotec-nologia do mercado americano.

9. A palavra “offspring”, recorrente no texto, significa:

a) raça.

b) animais da mesma classe.

c) híbridos.

d) prematuros.

e) filhote.

10. (UFT – TO)What genes, patents and Lady Gaga have

in commonBy David Ewing Duncan

When radio was invented in the late nineteenth century by the likes of Marconi, Edison, and Tesla, government and industry faced a conundrum. Who would own the limited band of electromagnetic frequencies that made this new invention possible?

By the 1920s the decision was made that the public would own the airwaves, with the government leasing frequencies to companies that were required to follow certain rules. A century later this system isn't perfect, but it does bring us every day everything from text messages to Youtube, to the latest hits from Lady Gaga.

Society now faces a similar ownership predicament with who owns human genes – another kind of spectrum that always existed, but was unsuspected until we discovered it. […] Controversial for decades, the validity of issuing these patents has erupted again in a case brought last year by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) against Myriad Genetics (MYGN), which holds patents on two genes that in a mutated form can cause a person to be high risk for breast cancer. According to the ACLU and a long list of plaintiffs that includes research and patient advocacy groups, the U.S. Patent Office (also listed as a defendant) was wrong to issue these patents – and by extension all genetic patents. "Genes are naturally occurring entities, like air or gravity," says ACLU attorney Chris Hansen, "and therefore under the law they are ineligible for patenting."Adapted from The San Francisco Chronicle, March 29th, 2010. Available at www.sfgate.com

According to the text: I. Lady Gaga’s genes are being disputed by

American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and Myriad Genetics (MYGN).

II. The U.S. Patent Office is prosecuting ACLU. III. The notion of patenting genes seems as

absurd as patenting the air we breath. IV. The author suggests that the policy of DNA

codes patenting must be changed to something similar to what happens to the radio stations.

Mark the correct answer: a) All the alternatives are correct. b) All the alternatives are wrong. c) I and III are correct. d) III and IV are correct.

e) III and IV are wrong.


LÍNGUA INGLESA

Adolescents are not monsters. They are just people trying to learn how to make it among the adults in the world, who are probably not so sure themselves.

SATIR, Virginia. Disponível em: <http://www.quotegarden.com/teenagers.html>. Acesso em: 3 jul. 2011.

A joke is a question or a story, usually not a long one, with a word, phrase, or sentence that makes it amusing (punch line). Read the joke below and underline the punch line. Then, answer the questions that follow:

The Lost Contact LensA mother’s teenage son came in from hanging out with his friends in the yard and announced that he had lost one of his new contact lenses.“Well, go back out and see if you can find it,” said the mother.The son went back into the yard and was gone for about 20 minutes. He came back and reported that he still couldn’t find the lens.“Fine,” said the mother. “I’ll go find it myself.”She was only gone for a few seconds before returning with the lens cupped in her palm.The son was astonished! “How’d you find it so fast, Mom?” he asked. “I looked all over the place and never saw it.”“We were looking for two different things,” the mother replied. “You were looking for a tiny piece of clear plastic. I was looking for $150.”

THE Lost Contact Lens. Disponível em: http://awfulgames.com/2010/10/08/jokes/people/parenting/the-lost-contact-lens. Acesso em: 20 abr. 2011.

A. Which statement below could be inferred from the punch line?

a) The mother and the son both know how much the contact lens is worth.

b) The son is aware of how much money his parents paid for his contact lens.

c) The son carefully looked for his contact lens.

d) The mother exerted herself to find her son’s contact lens because she knows how much she would have to spend on a new one.

Teen issues2


Dek

o. 2

011.

Dig

ital.

Who is this calling?

The local high school has a policy that the parents must call the school if a student is to be absent for the day. Kelly (name changed to protect the guilty), deciding to skip school and go to the mall with her friends waited until her parents had left for work and called the school herself. This is the actual conversation of the telephone call. Kelly: "Hi, I'm calling to report that Kelly so-and-so is unable to make it to school today because she is ill. Secretary at high school: "Oh, I'm sorry to hear that. I'll note her absence. Who is this calling?" Kelly:

BASIC Jokes. Disponível em: <http://www.basicjokes.com/djoke.php?id=619>. Acesso em: 19 abr. 2011.

B. Read the sentences below and write a T if you think they were said by a teenager or a P if you think they were said by a parent.

a) Don’t forget to do your homework. ( )

b) Turn that music down. I’m trying to read. ( )

c) Can I invite friends over this weekend? ( )

d) Stop showing my pictures to my friends. It’s embarrassing. ( )

e) Everybody is going. Why can’t I go? ( )

f) I’ll let you go, but you have to be home by 10. ( )

g) Turn that computer off! It’s 2.30 in the morning. ( )

h) My friends’ parents are so much cooler than you are. I hate it! ( )

C. The punch line is missing from the following joke. Read it and choose the ending you think is the original one. Explain your choice. Have you ever lied to skip school?

a) “This is her father.” b) “This is my mother.”

c) “This is me.” d) “I can’t give you that information.”

1. Getting readyThe jokes in the previous section bring up two situations that most teenagers experience before they adventure into adulthood: learning about the value of money and trying to pull an adult’s leg. In small groups, think of other situations or issues that are typical of a teenager’s life.

To pull one’s leg: to fool

someone.

What are idioms

and why learn

them?

@ING711


LÍNGUA INGLESA

Excerpt 1:

Excerpt 2:

Excerpt 3:

Excerpt 4:

Playing video games is my passion. I forget about my problems when I am trying to reach the next level. Last week, for example, I even forgot I had some work to do for History class. When my parents got my grade report, they gave me a talking-to and grounded me for a month. I’m not allowed to play video games for a month!!! That is so unfair. I mean, I…Jack, 14

© Thinkstock/Getty Images

Enzo is so handsome. I can’t stop looking at him. His eyes, his hair, his lips, his nose... He’s perfect! I have such a huge crush on him. I don’t know what to do so he’ll know

I exist. Honestly, I think he’s making a big mistake in going out with that Emma. She’s a cheerleader. So what?? I could be a cheerleader. I’m not because I have more important things

to take care of. Let it be, though. I don’t want this to sound as a case of sour grapes, but he’s probably not worth it. No!! I love him! He’s adorable. When he finally sees me, he’ll...

Lauren, 15

© Thinkstock/Getty Images

I’ve been going to this new school for 2 weeks now. I’ve liked it so far, but I’ve been having a hard time making friends. I mean, I’m not weird or

antisocial. The thing is, I really want to fit in, but they keep pushing me to do things I don’t want to do. I can’t see myself...

Sarah, 14

I like my girlfriend, but I think I’m too young to be in a serious relationship. I just want to have fun. The thing is, if I give her the boot, I’ll break her heart. Anyway, a man’s gotta do what a man’s gotta do. I want to live...Enzo, 15

© iS

tock

phot

o.co

m/A

nast

asia

Pel

ikh2. While reading

Blogs, websites maintained by individuals, are really in nowadays. Many teenagers keep blogs in which they share their experiences, dreams, concerns, and issues. Below are 4 excerpts of teenagers’ postings on their blogs. As you read, identify the issues they are going through.

Dek

o. 2

011.

Dig

ital.


3. Getting the message

A. The excerpts in activity 2 are unfinished. Read the endings bellow and match them to the appropriate excerpt.

a) …my life as a young man to the fullest.

b) …disturbing the teacher’s class, playing tricks on my classmates, or scribbling graffiti on the school walls.

c) …come to his senses and realize I’m the only one for him.

d) … am a great son. Just because I got a low grade doesn’t mean that I should be so severely punished.

B. Read the sentences below and decide if they are true or false:

a) Lauren thinks that Enzo will fall in love with her the moment he sees her. ( )

b) Lauren is a cheerleader. ( )

c) Jack took his punishment really well. ( )

d) Jack’s parents believe he’s doing poorly in school due to the fact that he’s addicted to playing video games. ( )

e) Enzo will probably break up with Emma. ( )

f) What Sarah is going through is a clear case of peer pressure. ( )

g) Lauren will be very sad if Enzo breaks up with Emma. ( )

h) When it comes to relationships, Enzo is not the serious type. ( )

1. For each sentence below, choose the word that best replaces the word in bold. The sentences have been taken from the excerpts in the previous section.

2. Sour grapes is an expression that comes from a famous Greek fable where a fox, incapable of reaching some grapes, announces that they are sour. The expression is currently used for disparaging something that is unattainable to a person. In the previous section, Lauren uses it when trying to convince herself that Enzo is not for her. In pairs, write a dialogue using “sour grapes” and present it to your classmates. Be sure to think of a suitable context.

A. When my parents got my grade report, they gave me a talking-to and grounded me for a month.

a) complimented me; punished b) appreciated it; congratulated

c) gave me a reprimand; punished

B. I have such a huge crush on him. a) despise b) am attracted to c) date

C. ... if I give her the boot… a) dump her

b) propose to her c) buy her a pair of boots

D. …I’ll break her heart. a) hurt her feelings.

b) make you happy. c) cause her to have a heart attack.

E. I really want to fit in… a) slim down b) be accepted c) be alone

F. I’m not because I have more important things to take care of.

a) start b) deal with c) sell

G. I don’t want this to sound as a case of sour grapes, but he is probably not worth it.

a) a good chef; a waste of time. b) envious behavior; reliable.

c) envious behavior; a waste of time.

H. Disturbing the teacher’s class, playing tricks on my classmates, or scribbling graffiti on the school walls.

a) playing with b) deceiving c) entertaining


LÍNGUA INGLESA

2. While listening

You are going to listen to Joe’s letter complaining about one of the issues in activity 1. His letter is answered by Ben, an expert who gives him advice on how to tackle the problem. As you listen, answer the questions below:

a) What is the issue?

b) Why is Joe worried about it?

c) Did Ben have the same problem as a teenager?

d) What kind of a doctor should you look for if you are suffering from this problem?

1. Getting ready

Teenagers growing up go through a series of psychological and physical changes. Below is a list of changes that boys, girls, or both may have to deal with. Have a look at them and put them in the appropriate places in the diagram.

Fonte: PUBERTY – boy changes, girl changes. Disponível em: <http://www.cyh.com/HealthTopics/HealthTopicDetailsKids.aspx?p=335&np=289&id=1774#1>. Acesso em: 3 jul. 2011

Menarche (first menstruation) Facial hair

Bigger and stronger muscles AcneCurvier body

Mixed up feelings and mood changesPubic hair Wider shoulders

Deeper voice Wider hips Weight gain

BreastsSexual feelingsAdam’s apple

Boys’ changes Girls’ changes

Both have todeal with

Div

o. 2

011.

3D

.

20 Reading comprehension, modal verbs, tag questions, do and make


A. Listen again. Check the pieces of advice that Ben gives.

a) Squeeze a spot. ( ) b) Don’t squeeze a spot. ( ) c) Don’t exercise. It may aggravate your problem. ( ) d) It is a good idea to get some fresh air now and then. ( ) e) Develop healthy eating habits. ( ) f) Never buy over-the-counter medication. ( ) g) If your case is severe, look for a dermatologist. ( )

B. Below is another teenager’s letter to Ben. Read it and write a letter in reply giving advice on how to deal with the problem.

Getting braces

Dear Ben I'm getting braces next month. I’ve never worn braces in my life. I’m scared that they might make me look ugly or that they might break while I’m eating. I do want to have a beautiful smile, though. What is your advice?Betty, 15

1. Looking at languageUsar aparelho ortodôntico é comum na vida de muitos adolescentes. A carta de Betty, publicada em um site na internet, foi respondida por diversos usuários. Observe as frases abaixo, as quais foram retiradas das respostas de alguns destes usuários, e responda às perguntas que se seguem:

You should avoid hard foods.You should take care of your braces.You shouldn’t eat sticky foods.You shouldn’t eat foods high in sugar content.

A. Should é usado para: a) dar conselhos. b) proibir alguém de fazer algo. c) falar sobre habilidades. d) comparar duas coisas, lugares ou pessoas.

B. Shouldn’t é a contração de: a) should + n’t. b) should + nt. c) should + not. d) should + don’t.

C. Que forma do verbo brush melhor completa a frase You should _______ your teeth properly? Por quê?

a) brushed, porque o verbo sempre deve ser conjugado no passado simples. b) brushes, porque o verbo sempre recebe um “s” ou “es” na 3ª. pessoa do singular. c) brushing, porque should só é usado com verbos no gerúndio. d) brush, porque a forma infinitiva do verbo sempre é usada depois de should.

Giving advice with should


LÍNGUA INGLESA

2. Practical activities A. Choose the best advice for the situations below:

Should é um verbo modal. Os verbos modais são usados com outros verbos para expressar ideias, tais como: possibilidade, proibição, obrigação, etc. Como visto anteriormente, should é usado para expressar a ideia de conselho. Ele acompanha todas as pessoas do discurso, sem nenhuma alteração. Para formar frases negativas, usa-se not após should ou sua forma contraída (shouldn’t). Os verbos que sucedem should nunca devem ser conjugados. Eles devem ser usados na sua forma infinitiva (eat, play, go, do, take, try, study, etc.). Veja a tabela abaixo:

IYouHeSheItWeYouThey

should

study hard.read a book.pay attention in class.listen to parents.do the homework.

should (shouldn‘t)

squeeze a spot.disobey parents.cut classes.play video games all day long.eat a lot of junk food.

Para fazer perguntas, basta posicionar should antes do sujeito. Com relação às respostas curtas, should é usado para as respostas afirmativas, e shouldn’t, para as negativas.

Should she get braces?Yes, she should.

Should they go home now?No, they shouldn’t.

Should she get braces?Yes, she should.

Should they go home now?No, they shouldn’t.

Além de should, ought to também é usado para dar conselho. Exemplos: You ought to see a doctor. She ought to clean her house.

Além de should, dd ought to também é usado opara dar conselho. Exemplos: You ought to see a doctor. She ought to clean her house.

1. I have a fever. a) You should go swimming. b) You shouldn’t take your

temperature. c) You should see a doctor.

2. She is overweight and this is affecting her health.

a) She should go on a diet. b) She shouldn’t exercise. c) She should pig out on junk food.

3. He is lactose intolerant. a) He should eat yogurt. b) He shouldn’t eat fruit. c) He shouldn’t eat dairy products.

4. I am short of cash. a) You should go on a shopping spree. b) You ought to save money. c) You should buy an apartment.

B. Write sentences with should or shouldn’t for the problems below:a) William has an earache.

b) I have a hangover.


c) She is afraid of heights.

d) I am running out of milk.

C. Match the situations in column A with their appropriate questions in column B.

A B

1. I am meeting my girlfriend’s parents tonight. ( ) Should I tell them I want to get a tattoo?

2. Paul is very sick. ( ) Should we tell her?

3. She can’t sing at all. ( ) Who should I invite?

4. My parents are square. ( ) What should I wear?

5. I am celebrating my birthday next month. ( ) Should he go to work today?

D. Have a look at the cartoon and write a short paragraph giving advice on how to deal with insomnia. Use should and shouldn’t.

© C

arto

onst

ock/

Milk

e Ba

ldw

in

1. As this unit has shown, many are the issues that may plague teenagers. Have a look at the cartoon below and discuss with your classmates the questions that follow.

a) What is the cartoon about?b) Do you think the judge will treat him fairly?c) Who do you sympathize with the most?d) What are the consequences of bullying?

2. You are going to read part of a news article about a Brazilian young guy who went into his former school in Rio de Janeiro and killed several children. According to the article, bullying would have driven him to commit the crime. After reading it, get in groups of 4 people and search for other tragic incidents involving bullying. Gather as much information as you can and present the results of your research to your classmates. How could such tragedies be avoided?

© C

arto

onst

ock/

Tere

sa M

cCra

cken

"Remember me, Fred? I sat next to you in class. I'm the one you said would

never amount to anything".

Amount to something: be somebody.


LÍNGUA INGLESA

Rio School Shooter Bullied

By Patricia Maresch, Senior Contributing Reporter

RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL – The young man, 23-year-old Wellington Menezes de Oliveira, who shot and killed twelve children at his former school in Realengo (Zona Oeste, West Zone), before taking his own life, was apparently motivated by

bullying according to messages left behind. A series of letters, videos and photos were released by the police after they found his partially burned computer.

The night before the shooting Menezes de Oliveira checked into a hotel in Realengo where he videotaped messages explaining why he was about to return to his former school: “I hope this serves as a lesson, especially to those school officials who stood by with their arms crossed as students were being attacked, humiliated, ridiculed.” Menezes de Oliveira adding: “I want to leave it very clear that I am not responsible for the deaths that will occur, even though my fingers will be on the trigger,” blaming the murders he went on to commit on his past bullies.

MARESCH, Patricia. Rio School Shooter Bullied. Dispo-nível em: <http://riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/rio-politics/rio-school-shooter-bullied/>. Acesso em: 3 jul. 2011.Fo

lha

Imag

em /

Fol

ha P

ress

/

Dan

iel M

aren

co

Read the article excerpt below and choose the photo that ilustrates it. Then, discuss the following questions:

Teens Buying Bigger BreastsA New Trend Some Find DisturbingBy Tatiana Morales

(CBS) Once a cosmetic plastic surgery procedure of choice for older women hoping to look younger, breast implants are now popular among the teenage set. In fact, according to the American Academy of Plastic Surgeons, nearly 4,000 teenagers, ages 18 and younger, underwent breast augmentation last year, more than a 24 percent increase from the year before. It's a trend that some find very disturbing.

MORALES, Tatiana. Teens Buying Bigger Breasts. Disponível em: <http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/09/01/earlyshow/living/parenting/main640064.shtml>. Acesso em: 3 jul. 2011.

Get

ty Im

ages

/Opu

s/am

anai

mag

esRF

Get

ty Im

ages

/ m

age

Sour

ce

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Jaim

ie D

upla

ss

1. Do you think children should act like children, teen-agers should act like teenagers, and adults should act like adults?

2. Do you think that teenagers in the past used to be happier than teenagers now?


(UFPB) O texto a seguir refere-se à questão 1.

Cyber Safety for Young People

The internet, e-mail and text messaging are now part of everyday life for most teenagers. They are great ways to find out information and contact your friends and family, but you should make sure that you use it safely.

Top tips for kids:

you don’t know.

number to people you communicate with on the internet. Keep ‘online’ friends online, do not give them too much personal information.

Block or ignore the sender at once.

you on the internet.

not always who they pretend to be.

are not there, ask advice from another adult.

Things to remember

can change it or share it.

through instant messengers.

Disponível em: <http://techjaws.com/cybe-safety-fox-youngpeople/>. Acesso em 20 jul. 2009. Texto adaptado.

1. The word they (line 3) refers back to:

a) videos, address books and chat rooms.

b) school names, address and phone number.

c) photos, pictures and internet videos.

d) the internet, e-mail and text messaging.

e) chat rooms, information and files.

(UFPB) O texto a seguir refere-se às questões 2 e 3.

Disponível em: <http://www.CartoonStock.com>. Acesso em: 1 set. 2009.

2. According to the cartoon, identify the correct statements:

I. The schoolboy dislikes the large number of deadlines.

II. The schoolboy reacts against too many deadlines.

III. The schoolboy misses the great number of deadlines.

IV. The schoolboy disagrees with a lot of deadlines.

V. The schoolboy ignores the small number of deadlines.

3. Considering the cartoon, identify the questions which match the schoolboy’s answer to his classmate.

I. Who was your calculus teacher?

II. What was your school agenda like?

III. How was your school day?

IV. Whose homework was that?

V. Where was your part-time job?

3. Teenagers are usually criticized for sometimes behaving like kids and other times like grown-ups. How should a teenager behave?

4. What is disturbing about teenagers having cosmetic surgery?

5. Whose fault is it for the fact that teenagers are becoming adults so early?

6. Can you think of any other examples that show that teenagers are maturing earlier than expected?


LÍNGUA INGLESA

Some people were interviewed and gave their opinions about Globalization and Shopaholic Globalization. Circle G for Globalization and SG for Shopaholic Generation to know their opinions.

G SG Products are manufactured in many countries and sold all over the world.

G SG Thanks to technology, it is now possible to think of a global culture.

G SG I don’t feel comfortable when I’m not buying things. I only feel at ease and satisfied when I go on a shopping spree.

G SG I can’t help not buying something even though I might already have it.

G SG If a friend of mine has something that I don’t, I really want to buy it regardless of whether I need it or not.

G SG I always have to buy something, no matter what, when I go to the mall.

“How much would you have to buy in order to finally feel satisfied or good enough?”

SHOPAHOLICS ANONYMOUS. Disponível em: <http://www.shopaholicsanonymous .org/>. Acesso em: 26 nov. 2012.

Globalization and the shopaholic generation 3


2. While reading

Read Kaela Jubas’s paper excerpt about consumerism in which she summarizes Sophie Kinsella’s Confessions of a shopaholic. Then, listen and choose the picture that best represents Becky.

[...]Confessions of a shopaholic (Kinsella, 2001) introduces Becky Bloomwood, a young, college-educated, white woman working in London for a financial publication. The novel traces her attempts to cope with a job that bores her, her daily shopping expeditions and her continual evasion of creditors. The story turns when Becky is drawn into the financial problems of her parents’ neighbours who, along with other investors, have been misled by an investment company and lost a substantial amount of their savings. To earn extra money, she writes a newspaper article about their predicament and, enjoying the resulting publicity, appears on a television show. She brings the neighbours’ case to the public eye and becomes, in the eye of her beloved Luke Brandon, the handsome, successful public relations consultant, a person of intelligence and integrity, as well as feminine beauty and style.

Becky is successful in spite of and, in part, because of her consumption. Shopping enables her to invent a mainstream, ideal persona and, ultimately, realize an ideal life. Becky might be intellectually vacuous and willing to take advantage of people, but she has style and can laugh at what are, after all, only typical feminine foibles. She plays into the Western hegemonic

1. Getting ready

TWO WEEKS LATER...

Now, answer: What

is your opinion of

the girl? Is she a

shopaholic? Why?

“Wow! These are the

shoes I’ve always wanted.

Are they on sale? 50%

off? I’ll take them and

those boots, too.”

“These shoes are

very pretty! I’ve been

looking for this new

design for a long time.

I’ll take them.”

AT HOME...

Excerpt

from the

film

Confessions of a shopaholic@ING792

DKO

Est

údio

. 201

3. D

igita

l.


LÍNGUA INGLESA

stereotype of woman as an uncontrollable shopper who, in the end, means no harm and brings cheer, grace and sympathy to balance man’s obsession with work. Her story reveals several aspects of hegemony: It presents consumerism as a path to social identity and status; it reflects idealized notions of gender, race, class and nationality; and its connection of consumption, gender, race, nationality and class reiterates hegemonic cultural values. [...]

JUBAS, Kaela. Novel consumption: narratives of contemporary ideology and practice. Disponível em: <http://www.leeds.ac.uk/educol/documents/163872.htm>. Acesso em: 27 nov. 2012.


A. Answer the questions.

a) Does Becky like her job?

b) What does she do to get extra money?

c) Why is she thought to be a successful girl?

d) What is her stereotype in the story?

B. Do you agree with the idea of consumerism presented in the last sentence in the text? Why or why not?

© S

hutte

rsto

ck/w

aveb

reak

med

ia

© S

hutte

rsto

ck/C

onst

antin

osZ

© S

hutte

rsto

ck/K

arra

mba

Pro

duct

ion


1. Match the sentences to know the meaning of the verbs.

a) To trace means ( ) to lead in the wrong direction.

b) To cope with means ( ) to say or do again or repeatedly.

c) To draw into means ( ) to learn to handle something negative; to “meet a need”.

d) To mislead means ( ) to outline or sketch an idea.

e) To reiterate means ( ) to get involved in something unpleasant.

2. Below you will find the definitions for the words in the box. Read the information and, in small groups, decide which definition explains each of the words in the box. Write them down in the right column.

foibles – predicament – evasion – mainstream – hegemonic stereotype

The act of eluding or avoiding, particularly the pressure of an argument, accusation, charge, or interrogation.

A difficult or unpleasant situation.

The main or most widely accepted way of thinking or acting in relation to a subject.

A small rather strange and stupid personal habit or weakness of character.

Predominant characteristic assigned to groups of people related to their gender, race, national origin and other factors.

1. Getting ready

Describe the cartoon on the right. How does the woman feel? How does the man feel?

ww

w.C

arto

onSt

ock.

com


LÍNGUA INGLESA

2. While listening

While listening to the CD, check the correct alternative according to it. ( ) Only women are shopaholics.

( ) Compulsive shoppers need to be in a place where they can shop.


A. Write YES or NO according to the audio.

a) For Dr. Baker, shopaholism is like other kinds of addiction.

b) Shopaholism masks a lot of pain.

c) Shopaholism is a symptom of high self-esteem.

d) From the moment people wake up, they are persuaded to buy things.

e) The ease of shopping on the Internet will make the problem of compulsive buying worse.

B. Answer the questions. Talk to a classmate and then write your personal answers.

a) In the future, will people do more shopping on the Internet than in stores?

b) Will there be more shopaholics in the world? If yes, what can we do to decrease the number of shopaholics?

1. Looking at language

Leia as frases a seguir e responda às perguntas.

a) I should save my money. So I’ll have some to travel next year.

b) I should have saved my money. Now I don’t have the amount I need to travel.

Qual a ideia de tempo verbal que as frases a e b transmitem? Past ou Present ?

Past modal verbs

Modal verbs são verbos que acrescentam significados às orações: linha de ação correta, proibições, possibilidades, pedidos, deduções, sugestões, obrigações, conselhos. Como nas frases acima, os modal verbs têm estrutura no tempo presente e no passado.


Observe os usos dos modal verbs no passado.

Habilidades

I could walk to the mall when I was younger. But now I feel tired very easily.

Deduções

Becky is very upset. She must have spent all her money at the shopping mall.They might have used all their savings on his son’s education.My cousin can’t have spent all her money on clothes. She is traveling to Europe right now.

Linha de ação correta (Right course of action)

You should have told me your problem.

Obrigações e proibições

When he was living in New York, he had to work twelve hours a day.Even at that time he couldn’t smoke in the store.He wasn’t allowed to eat in the store.He wasn’t supposed to wear other clothes but his store uniform.

Permissões e possibilidades

You could have danced at the ball if the hostess had allowed.We were allowed to go to the movies with our friends.

Para alguns dos modais apresentados, a estrutura será:

Modal + have + past participle

May have bought / Might have met / Could have talkedMust have been / Can’t have said / Couldn’t have done / Should have told

2. Practical activities

A. What are the sentences expressing? Circle the best alternative.

a) You should have talked about compulsive shoppers to your friend.

Ability / right course of action / obligation / permission.

b) They might have met their friends at the mall.

Ability / suggestion / deduction / obligation.

c) Mary could run fast when she was younger.

Ability / deduction / obligation / permission.

d) The children could have seen that film last week.

Deduction / obligation / possibility / suggestion.

e) You must have spent all your money. Your wallet is empty!

Deduction / ability / obligation / permission.

B. Check the sentences about the past.

a) We may have bought those blouses. They were on sale. ( )

b) He shouldn’t spend all his money on shopping. ( )

c) Judging by the amount of money I spend every month, I can be considered a shopaholic. ( )

d) You couldn’t have done the shopping without telling me. ( )

e) She must have said she was in the mall. Her mom was very upset. ( )

Practicing

past modal

verbs

@ING2000


LÍNGUA INGLESA

Read the following paragraph and answer the question:

“[…] While technology seems to be the fundamental transformational force, it is being mutually reinforced and supplemented by the globalization of commerce. As technology leads to increasing productivity, higher levels of cross-border communications, trade, and investment, it facilitates business globalization. In turn, globalization makes technology more profitable (e.g., by extending its use to larger markets), and accelerates its development by enlarging to many nations the set of people developing technology. Thus, technology and globalization seem to be mutually reinforcing.[…]”

AGGARWAL, Raj. Technology and Globalization as Mutual Reinforcers in Business: Reorienting Strategic Thinking for the New Millennium. Disponível em: <http://www.freepatentsonline.com/article/Management-International-Review/57645215.html>. Acesso em: 26 nov. 2012.

In your opinion, what does the shopaholic generation have to do with globalization?

Check the statements that you agree with. After that, ask five other people to check the statements they agree with. Then, present your research to your classmates.

a) ( ) I always have a sudden and spontaneous desire to go and buy something.

b) ( ) I deal with the stress of my daily life by going shopping and buying things for me.

c) ( ) I am not affected by sales and hefty discounts.

d) ( ) I don’t think about saving money for a rainy day.

e) ( ) I often regret having bought things that I don’t need.

f) ( ) Many of my purchases are rarely or never used or worn.

g) ( ) I make a list of things I don’t have and things I need so that I know what to buy and what not to buy.

h) ( ) I keep track of how much money I spend out of my allowances in a notebook.

Alternatives a, b, d, e, and f are for people who are addicted to buying and shopping.Alternatives c, g, and h are for people who can control their buying habits.Which group do you belong to?

C. Complete the sentences with the modal from the box.

should have washed – should have spent – must have practiced – could have taken – must have told

a) Susan did well on the exam. She a lot.

b) My dress party is dirty and I don’t have another one to wear tonight. I it.

c) My research wasn’t good enough. I more time working on it.

d) Marcus Karin to the airport. His car was here.

e) He his father about the denial of credit.

Hefty discounts:

descontos substanciais,

consideráveis.Keep track of:

acompanhar.


(UFAL) O texto a seguir refere-se às questões 1 e 2.

Your Brain on Shopping

It’s a hunt. It’s therapy. It’s a way of life. But has it gotten out of control?

AIMEE LEE BALL investigates why we spend the way we do.

Alas, our romance with shopping seems to be coming to an end – or at least it’s up for careful reevaluation. According to research from Stanford University, more than one in 20 adults are compulsive shoppers, purchasing things they don’t need, use, or even want. That’s because shopping, once devoted to procuring necessities, has come to fill multiple emotional needs – it’s entertainment, a bonding activity, a sport, a form of self-expression, and, quite often, a means of solace. “These days what you buy is a way to connect to others and showcase your personality and values”, says Kit Yarrow, PhD, professor of psychology and marketing at Golden Gate University in San Francisco. So what happens now when more than five million people have lost their jobs since December 2007,

and many of us are trying to curb our enthusiasm? Ironically, “when people feel economically insecure, they tend to reassure themselves by shopping,” says George Loewenstein, PhD, professor of economics and psychology at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. The thinking is: If I were economically secure, I would go shopping, so if I’m shopping, I must be economically secure. And that’s just one thing to be aware of as you head for the mall. Here are a few others.

The Oprah Magazine, July 2009, page 96.

Answer the following two questions according to Text.

1. It is argued that

a) shopping seems to avoid the end of romances.

b) compulsive buyers will buy exclusively what they need.

c) shopping these days is just what it was once devoted to be.

d) it is high time we assessed our infatuation for shopping.

e) buying makes people feel economically insecure.

Read the following questions and think about their importance. Do you ask yourself these questions before buying an object? Do you care about the environment when you buy what you want to? Do you make good decisions about spending your money?

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

scha

b

The Unshopping Card

Do I really need this?

Is it overpackaged?

How long will it last?

If it breaks, can it be fixed?

How will I dispose of it?

What is its environmental cost?


LÍNGUA INGLESA

2. Researchers contend that

a) shopping brings no personal satisfaction.

b) most adults are compulsive shoppers.

c) shopping helps people socialize with others.

d) due to the recession, shoppers have quit buying.

e) what you buy cannot reflect your personality.

(UEM – PR) O texto a seguir refere-se às questões 3 a 5.

Roles reversed as men dominate Britain’s ‘Online High Street’

The stereotype of the female shopaholic could soon be an image of the past, as new research shows that Britain’s ‘online high street’ is increasingly dominated by men.

The latest findings indicate that over 12.9 million men shop online today compared with 10.3 million women, and almost twice as many men than women are joining the army of online shoppers each year.

Men are also spending more online than women. Over the last six months, men spent online the average of £2,602 compared to £1,930 for women. Men significantly outspent women on travel, financial services and major purchases such as fridge freezers and washing machines. In fact, men spent more than women in every online category except groceries and clothing.

Men were quicker to turn to the Internet at the beginning of the economic downturn, looking to save money by shopping around, and to research products in more depth before buying them.

(Adaptação do texto disponível em: <http:www.theretailbulletin.com>. Acesso em: 13/08/2009).

3. Assinale a(s) alternativa(s) correta(s) considerando o que se afirma a respeito dos vocábulos extraídos do texto.

(01) “increasingly” (linha 3) é o mesmo que “to a certain extent”.

(02) “army” é utilizado em “the army of online shoppers” (linha 8) para indicar um grande número de pessoas envolvidas em uma determinada atividade.

1

5

10

15

20

(04) “Over the last six months” (linha 11) poderia responder à pergunta “How long have women taken to join online shopping?”.

(08) “in more depth” (linha 21) poderia ser substituído por “more economically”, sem alteração de significado.

(16) A forma “-ing” foi empregada em “by shopping around” (linha 20) e “before buying” (linha 21) porque os verbos foram usados após as preposições.

4. Choose the correct alternative(s) according to the text.

(01) Men and women never buy the same items.

(02) There are more men than women buying through the Internet.

(04) Men looked for Internet shopping as a way of saving money.

(08) Women buy more electrical appliances and more clothes than men.

(16) Men and women spend about the same amount on their shopping.

5. Choose the alternative(s), according to the text, in which both words and/or expressions are related to the act of buying something.

(01) “shopaholic” (line 1); “shoppers” (line 8).

(02) “research” (line 2); “online high street” (line 3).

(04) “shop” (line 6); “spending” (line 10).

(08) “outspent” (line 13); “purchases” (line 14).

(16) “groceries” (line 17); “downturn” (line 19).

(ACAFE – SC) O texto a seguir refere-se às questões 6 a 8.

COMMUNICATING WITH THE WORLD: CELL PHONES

The cellular telephone system started April 3, 1973. On that day, Dr. Martin Cooper made the first call on a portable cellular phone. As he walked down the street in New York, people must have thought he looked odd: a man standing on the street talking on


a phone without wires. Who would have imagined a day when so many people would be walking and talking at the same time?

Cell phones allow us to do so much more than just send and receive calls. We can send e-mails or instant text messages. We can access the Internet, watch television, listen to songs, take pictures or video, and play games with a phone as small as the palm of our hand.

Today’s cell phones still aren’t as reliable as landline telephones, but improvements are on the way. New technology lets cell phones “talk” to other machines. Monitors, keyboards, and printers can “talk” to computers without the need for cables. Now cell phones, computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and even wired telephones can talk to each other. Right now, these devices must be no more than ten meters away from each other to communicate. Before long, technology will be able to connect cell phones to computers at greater distances.

______ we will be able to use our cell phones to start the car, turn on the oven to heat dinner, or turn on the ______ when we get home. The cell phone of tomorrow could connect to literally ______ device with a computer chip. Who ______ what the future of telecommunications holds?

From: Panorama 3. Kathleen F. Flynn & Latricia Trites. Oxford University Press, 2006. (Adapted).

6. Select the correct alternative to complete the following sentence, according to the first paragraph of the text.

People might have thought Dr. Martin Cooper was doing something unusual because…

a) people should never use a cell phone in public places.

b) many people were walking and talking at the same time.

c) it was forbidden to take telephones to the streets.

d) he was talking on a wireless telephone.

7. Which question can correctly be answered according to the text?

a) What is the size of a cell phone?

b) How many people will use cell phones in the future?

c) Who developed the connections between cell phones and other devices?

d) How long do people normally talk on their cell phones?

8. Select the correct alternative to complete the gaps in the last paragraph of the text.

a) Sometime – doors – all – imagines

b) Soon – windows – many – thinks

c) Today – things – much – understands

d) Someday – lights – any – knows

O parágrafo a seguir refere-se à questão 9.Consumerism, Happiness and Health

By Dr. Gregg D. Jacobs

The adage that money can’t buy happiness has been

forgotten in our consumer society. Harvard University

economist Juliet Schorr, author of The Overspent

American, has described this “new consumerism”,

which equates contentment with the acquisition

of material goods. Fueled by the technology of

advertising – which seduces us with the message that

who we are is tied to what we own, and that happiness

is available if we spend and acquire – we are acquiring

material goods at a greater rate: luxury home, luxury

cars, fancier gadgets and designer clothes. […]

JACOBS, Gregg D. Consumerism, Happiness and Health. Disponível em: <http://www.truestarhealth.com/members/cm_archives10ML3P1A54.html>. Acesso em: 27 nov. 2012.

9. De acordo com o parágrafo, a alternativa incorreta é:

a) As pessoas sentem-se felizes ao adquirirem coisas materiais.

b) Somos o que possuímos.

c) As pessoas sempre se lembram de que dinheiro não traz felicidade.

d) Algumas pessoas confundem felicidade com consumismo.

e) Vivemos em uma sociedade consumista.


LÍNGUA INGLESA

Digital animation4

Have a look at the movies below and answer the questions.

a) What movies do the pictures belong to?

b) Have you ever seen them? What kind of movies are they: cartoon or digital animation?

c) What is the difference between those two kinds of movies?

1

3

2

4

Latin

Stoc

k/Co

urte

sy E

vere

t Col

lect

ion/

Buen

a Vi

sta

Pict

ures

Latin

Stoc

k/Co

urte

sy E

vere

t Col

lect

ion/

Wal

t D

isne

y Co

.

Latin

Stoc

k/A

lbum

Cin

ema/

Wal

t Dis

ney

Prod

uctio

ns

Latin

Stoc

k/A

lbum

Art

/Blu

e sk

y st

udio

s

For every laugh there should be a tear.Walt Disney


The History of Animation: Advantages and Disadvantages

of the Studio System in the Production of an Art Form

(by Michael Crandol) "Animation should be an art... what you fellows have done with it is making it into a trade... not an art, but a trade... bad luck." Thus Winsor McCay, father of the animated cartoon, pronounced the doom of the very industry he had inadvertently helped create. From 1911-21 McCay nursed animation from a simple camera trick to full blown character animation that would take 20 years to be surpassed. McCay animated his films almost single-handed; from inception to execution each cartoon was his and his alone. He took the time to make his films unique artistic visions, sometimes spending more than a year to make a single five-minute cartoon. But the burgeoning world of cinema could not wait so long for so little, and so the modern animation studio came into being. But was the art of the animated cartoon sacrificed for the trade's sake?”[…]

CRANDOL, Michael. The History of Animation: Advantages and Disadvantages of the Studio System in the Production of an Art Form. Disponível em: <http://www.digitalmediafx.com/Features/animationhistory.html>. Acesso em: 25 abr. 2011.

Doom: a terrible fate.burgeoning:

growing.

Read the statement: “Animation should be an art... what you fellows have done with it is making it into a trade... not an art, but a trade... bad luck”. Now answer the questions in English.

a) Who made this statement?

b) What does he mean by that?

c) According to Michael Crandol, why does the modern animation studio have an advantage over the old way of making cartoons?WiW nsor McCayWinsor McCayoo

Fotó

graf

o de

scon

heci

do


LÍNGUA INGLESA

a) Have you ever seen this movie? Which literary genre is this

movie derived from?

b) What kind of movie is Shrek: digital animation or animated cartoon?

c) In this movie, there are lots of characters that belong in children’s literature. Can you identify them?

What is digital animation? It is essentially animation that can be produced on a computer. This can vary from the crude paper style drawings of South Park to the 3D computer generated imagery of films such as Toy Story and Shrek.

In many ways this is an extension of classic stop motion animation. Each image is created in the computer using a program. Some artists use what is known as a tablet in order to draw images that are used in the animation. It is argued this is a more natural feeling method than creating an image using a mouse, though there are people that use both options. (...)

AN Introduction to Digital Animation. Disponível em: <http://www.samplenty.com/>. Acesso em: 10 nov. 2011.

After reading about digital animation, look at the picture of the movie and answer the questions.

1. Getting readyLa

tinSt

ock

/ A

lbum

Cin

ema

/ D

ream

wor

ks


2. While reading

Read the plots of the films Snow White and Shrek.


A. Read the text quickly to find the information:

a) The queen is .

b) The place where Snow White hides herself: .

c) Shrek wants his back.

d) The name of the man who wants to be a king: .

e) Princess Fiona is rescued by .

B. Read the texts again and find similarities and differences between these two movies. Then write the following information:

Snow White Shrek

Hero: Hero/antihero:

Heroine: Heroine:

Place: Place:

Evil character: Evil character:

Div

o. 2

011.

3D

.

Latin

Stoc

k Co

urte

sy E

vere

t Col

lect

ion

Snow White and the seven dwarfs

In her effort to be "fairest in the land," a jealous and evil queen attempts to be rid of her beautiful stepdaughter, Snow White. Frightened and scared, Snow takes refuge in the forest cottage of the seven dwarfs. The queen, disguised

by magic as an old peddler woman, tempts Snow White with a poisoned apple, which puts her into an enchanted sleep until the spell can be broken by love's first kiss.

SNOW White and the seven dwarfs. Disponível em: <http://www.bcdb.com/Cartoon_Reviews/13-Snow_White_And_The_Seven_Dwarfs.html>. Acesso em: 25 abr. 2011.

Latin

Stoc

k/A

lbum

Cin

ema/

Dre

amw

orks

Shrek

When a green ogre called Shrek discovers his swamp has been 'swamped' with all sorts of fairytale creatures by the scheming Lord Farquaad, Shrek sets out, with a very loud donkey by his side, to 'persuade' Farquaad to give his swamp

back. Instead, a deal is made. Farquaad, who wants to become the King, sends Shrek to rescue Princess Fiona, who is waiting for her one true love in a castle. But once they head back with Fiona, it starts to become apparent that not only does Shrek like Fiona, but Fiona is keeping something secret.

SHREK. Disponível em: <http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0126029/>. Acesso em: 26 abr. 2011.


LÍNGUA INGLESA

Read the sentences and match the meanings of the words in bold face.

a) The queen, (A) disguised by magic as an old (B) peddler woman, (C) tempts Snow White with a poisoned apple.

b) In her effort to be "fairest in the land," a jealous and evil queen attempts (D) to be rid of her beautiful stepdaughter.

c) When a green ogre called Shrek discovers his swamp has been 'swamped' with all sorts of fairytale creatures by the (E) scheming Lord Farquaad, Shrek (F) sets out, with a very loud donkey by his side.

( ) Starts a journey.( ) Having an appearance that hides the true form.( ) Makes someone want to have or do something, especially something that is unnecessary

or wrong.( ) To be free from something or somebody harmful or unwanted.( ) A person who makes clever secret plans which often deceive others.( ) Especially in the past, a person who travelled to different places to sell small goods,

usually by going from house to house.

C. Answer the questions in English.

a) In your opinion, what is the message in Shrek?

b) Is there a message in Snow White? What is it?

c) There is a scene where Fiona fights with Robin Hood and other men. In this scene, she stands still in the air and the camera moves around her, showing her from various angles. Can you remember any scene in another movie that is similar?

Read the


1. Getting ready

[…] A bug's life (1998), a children-oriented, computer animated tale based upon Aesop's fable The Ant and the Grasshopper, was released by Pixar and Disney […]

ANIMATED Films. Disponível em: <http://www.filmsite.org/animatedfilms6.html>. Acesso em: 11 nov. 2011.

Have you seen it?

Latin

Stoc

k /

Alb

um C

inem

a /

Wal

t Dis

ney

Pict

ures

A fábula é uma narrativa figurada,

na qual os personagens são

geralmente animais que possuem

características humanas. Pode ser

escrita em prosa ou em verso e possui

uma lição de moral, constatada no final

da história.

FÁBULAS. Mundo Educação. Disponível

em: <http://www.mundoeducacao.com.

br/redacao/fabula.htm>. Acesso em: 21 abr. 2011. 2. While listening


Now, you are going to listen to some parts of a person’s opinion about the movie A bug’s life.

A. Check Correct or Incorrect, according to what you hear:

a) The person identifies herself with the ant and some other bugs.

( ) Correct ( ) Incorrect

b) The movie is not a masterpiece of art.


c) The person made a big mistake watching the movie.


B. Check the alternative(s) according to what you hear.

a) If you watch A bug’s life and don’t feel anything, then you must have never:

( ) fallen in love.

( ) written your friends some letters.

( ) come up with a great idea.

( ) felt the pressure of responsibility.

( ) spoken rudely.

( ) stood up for yourself and your loved ones.

( ) felt like a failure.

b) The person is telling that the movie presents lots of:

( ) people’s problems.

( ) people’s everyday tasks.

( ) people’s reactions to problems.

( ) people’s feelings and attitudes.


LÍNGUA INGLESA

In this unit, the literature genre fairy tale is presented. Choose a film and identify literary elements of fairy tales and how they are presented in the film you have chosen. Work in groups and then present the research to the rest of the class. Feel free to include pictures. The story could start with “Once upon a time...” and end with “happily ever after.”

Quais são os sujeitos nas perguntas apresentadas?

No presente simples, nas sentenças interrogativas sem a presença do verbo to be, colocam-se os verbos auxiliares do ou does do sujeito.

Do they work on television?Does she draw well?

Attention!No tempo presente, a 3ª. pessoa he, she e it

recebe o auxiliar does nas perguntas. O verbo principal fica, então, em sua forma infinitiva.

Does Fiona love Shrek?

Nas perguntas sobre o passado, sem a presença do verbo to be, usa-se o auxiliar did; e nas perguntas que expressam o futuro, will.

Did the seven dwarfs help Snow White?Will Mark work next Saturday?

Nas sentenças interrogativas, o verbo to be aparece na frente do sujeito.

Are you a creative person?Were those actors in the movie?Is the human face full of “micromovements”?

Com as palavras e expressões interrogativas what, where, which, what time e outras os verbos auxiliares aparecem essas palavras ou expressões e antes do .

What time do you start working?When will she take the animation course?Who did you meet at the movies last night?

Attention!Há alguns casos em que who, what, how many,

entre outros, aparecem como o sujeito da pergunta, então não haverá verbo auxiliar e o verbo principal estará no presente ou no passado.

Who wants to watch Rio? How many people came to the show yesterday?


Read the questions below.

Do you like to watch cartoons?

Are the students going to work in web advertising?

Can I get a career in the video game industry?

Is Rio a digital animation movie?

What is the difference between digital and traditional animation?

When did she watch Madagascar?

Asking questions

An overview of

interrogative

words in English

@ING789


Os verbos auxiliares usados nas perguntas são também empregados em outras construções, como nas tag questions. As tag questions são perguntas curtas que aparecem no final de sentenças afirmativas ou negativas para confirmar ou concordar com o que foi dito.

Shrek is a good ogre, isn’t he? Yes, he is.You can’t watch this movie, can you? No, I can’t.

It was a good film, wasn’t it? Yes, it was.Maria won’t study Fine Arts, will she? No, she won’t.

Deve-se observar que, quando a primeira sentença é afirmativa, a question tag apresenta-se na forma

. E quando a primeira sentença é negativa, a question tag apresenta-se na forma .

Obs.: Quando as sentenças iniciam com Let’s, Don’t e I’m, há mudanças nas tag questions.Let’s talk about digital animation, shall we?Don’t be so critical, will you?I’m still working on it, aren’t I?


A. Match the questions to the answers.

a) Where can we see digital animation?

b) What did you say about the Internet?

c) Why are companies looking for digital animation

professionals?

d) What is so special about animated cartoons?

e) Did you believe that girl was computer generated?

( ) Because they want to promote their products.

( ) In movies and video games. ( ) It’s a great and growing field for

creative minds. ( ) No, I didn’t. She looks so real. ( ) The fact that so much effort is put

into making a cartoon.

B. Read the paragraph below. Then, write questions to the answers given, using the interrogative words: how long, what, who and how.

[…]People who complete an animation course get placed in the industry with a huge pay package. There is this flexibility of establishing one's own studio or work for a reputed organization. Hence, your earning options will be a maximum always. […]Creativity is one of the pillars of digital animation. If you seek improvements in this industry, then you need to explore new possibilities of performance always. All it takes is a couple of weeks or months to complete the course. You can then unleash your talent by creating unique illustrations using 2D and 3D technologies.[…]

DIGITAL Animation, Features, Benefits And Scope. Disponível em: <www.samplenty.com/component/content/frontpage>. Acesso em: 15 abr. 2011.

Get placed: work.

Huge pay package: be

well payed.

Hence: for this reason.

Seek: to look for something/

somebody.

Unleash: start.

Tag questions


LÍNGUA INGLESA

a) ?

People who complete an animation course.

b) ?

Creativity.

c) ?

To explore new possibilities of performance.

d) ?

A couple of weeks or months.

e) ?

By creating unique illustrations using 2D and 3D technologies.

C. Complete the sentences with tag questions.

a) He is not real, ?

b) The quality of images can be improved, ?

c) You didn’t work at Disney Studios, ?

d) They worked in movies two years ago, ?

e) The hand draw style of animation will not be forgotten, ?

D. Write sentences to the tag questions. Use information about the films presented in this unit.

a) , won’t we?

b) , aren’t I?

c) , is it?

d) , don’t they?

e) , doesn’t he?

Read the account below and choose the movie that is closely related to it. Explain your answer.

I am overprotective of my kids. I never let them go on adventures or do

anything that I think may put their lives at risk. I keep my eyes on them all the time. We live in a very

dangerous world. We can’t risk losing our kids. Sophia, 45

Dek

o. 2

011.

Dig

ital.


Set during the Ice Age, a sabertooth tiger, a sloth, and a wooly mammoth find a lost human infant, and they try to return him to his tribe.

ICE Age. Disponível em: <http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0268380/>. Acesso em: 18 maio 2011.

A father-son underwater adventure featuring Nemo, a boy clownfish, stolen from his coral reef home. His timid father must then travel to Sydney and search Sydney Harbour to find Nemo.

FINDING Nemo. Disponível em: <http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0266543/>. Acesso em: 18 maio 2011.

Now answer the questions that follow.

a) What is worrying about parents being overprotective of their kids?

b) In your opinion, should parents let their kids experience the world to the fullest?

c) In Finding Nemo, a father is overprotective of his son, which brings about a very bad situation. His son tries to prove to his dad that he can do things on his own but ends up being caught. Bearing this is in mind, do you think this movie is more for kids or grown-ups? Explain your point of view.

d) Do you think that the digitally animated movies produced nowadays are meant to be seen by kids or grown-ups? Elaborate on your answer.

A cowboy toy is profoundly threatened and jealous when a fancy spaceman toy supplants him as top toy in a boy's room.

TOY Story. Disponível em: <http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0114709/>. Acesso em: 18 maio 2011.

LatinStock/Album Cinema/20TH Century Fox

Latin

Stoc

k/A

lbum

Cin

ema/Disney Enterprises

Latin

Stoc

k/Al

bum Art/

Walt Disney/Pixar


LÍNGUA INGLESA

Have you ever thought of pursuing a career in digital animation? Read the text below and find more about digital animation as a career.

Taking A Look At Digital Animation As A CareerDigital animation careers are diverse and have many options that you can choose to take as your

path. They work in films and movies, but they also have many other applications that you can look at for an exciting job.

Many of these work online. They help with websites and are pivotal in web advertising. For many, good artists can create a captivating design that makes people want to watch them. The best make the viral videos that are incredibly popular, and can be a career maker for those that succeed at it. They can also create banners and other media for companies that can offer you many ways to make a career this way.

Another way that they can get a career is in the video game industry. Many of these games are becoming more sophisticated and more of them are giving animated movie type scenes in them. These are created by animators, and with the industry growing, and no limit to the media in sight, it can be a career choice that can be interesting and offer a long and varied career.[…]

TAKING a Look at Digital Animation as a Career. Disponível em: <http://www.samplenty.com/component/content/article/1-animation-news/6-taking-a-look-at-digital-animation-as-a-career>. Acesso em: 24 abr. 2011.

(MACKENZIE – SP) O texto a seguir refere-se às questões 1 e 2.

Movie News ‘Wolverine’ Online Leak: Howling Mad!

After the Hugh Jackman blockbuster lands on the web, Fox scrambles to punish the culprit – and protect its own bottom line

By Nicole Sperling

It’s bold to steal a movie. Any movie. But a surefire blockbuster like X-Men Origins: Wolverine, Fox’s make-or-break $130 million summer movie tentpole? That takes nerves of adamantium. And the fact that someone somehow did manage to swipe such an incredibly high-profile project is sending shock waves of panic throughout the industry.

“This is certainly a lesson for us all,’’ says Fox co-chairman Tom Rothman. “We, like everybody else, thought our system was secure.’’ Yet, on April 1, there it was: an unfinished version of the movie, available online a full month before its release date. (Since then, the file has been accessed 100,000 times, and the blogosphere buzz has been mixed at best.) Fox is working with the FBI to find the culprit – “Somebody’s going to end up in jail for a long time,’’ insists Rothman – but no arrests had been made as of press time. Hollywood bigwigs, who have taken their case for tougher antipiracy laws all the way to Congress, are certainly out for blood. “You have to find the [thief] and you’ve got to give him serious time,’’ says director Tony Scott (The

Michael Muller Michael Muller Michael Muller


(UERJ) O texto a seguir refere-se às questões 3 e 4.

The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA)

The world’s leading museum of modern art offers a rich program:

ollection highlights include paintings by such modern masters as Vincent van Gogh, Claude Monet and Jackson Pollock, among others.

aily film and video screenings and gallery talks are free with admission.xtensive MoMA Bookstore and MoMA Design

Store.njoy a meal at Sette MoMA, the museum’s

elegant Italian restaurant.

March 28, 2009

Into the Sunset: Photography’s Image of the American West

This exhibition examines how photography has pictured the idea of the American West from 1850 to the present. Photography’s development coincided with the exploration and the settlement of the West, and their simultaneous rise resulted in a complex association that has shaped the perception of the West’s physical and social landscape to this day. For over 150 years, the image of the West has been formed and changed through a variety of photographic traditions and genres, and this exhibition considers the medium’s role in shaping our collective imagination of the West.

www.moma.org

3. MoMA’s programs are rich and varied. In addition to exhibitions, the museum offers a number of attractions such as:

a) plays and arts courses.

b) debates and catalog signing.

c) lectures and book purchase.

d) concerts and cooking classes.

4. One of MoMA’s events on March 28, 2009 consisted of a photography exhibition.

The project’s main aim was to analyze the art of photography as an instrument to:

a) mold emotional reaction.

b) promote social identity.

c) instigate creative activity.

d) perpetuate cultural tradition.

1. The article explains that:

a) the criminal responsible for stealing a copy of “X-Men Origins: Wolverine” before its release date is still at large.

b) “Wolverine” has been playing in American movie theaters since April 1, yet unfinished.

c) antipiracy laws in the US only punish people whose files have been accessed 100,000 times or more.

d) director Tony Scott has been accused of threatening columnist Roger Friedman and badmouthing him.

e) according to chairman Tom Rothman, the movie has been reviewed by a Fox News columnist, which made the film available online a month ahead of time.

2. According to the text, culprit probably means:

a) a person in charge of reviewing recently made movies.

b) a person that prints official reports related to movies and TV series.

c) a person that deals with movie tickets sold to the public online.

d) a person who has committed a crime or done something wrong.

e) a movie producer who is also involved with online advertisement.

Taking of Pelham 1 2 3). In fact, when he first heard of the theft, “I said, shoot him!’’ That harsh brand of justice has swept up those even tangentially involved in the scandal: Fox News columnist Roger Friedman was fired for downloading the movie and posting a positive review. When the smoke clears, what impact will any of this have on the movie’s box office haul? Hard to say. When Ang Lee’s Hulk was pirated in 2003, Universal Pictures claimed the theft – of a close-to-finished print – cost it $100 million. (That could have been posturing: The movie was also leveled by brutal reviews. Universal had no comment for this story.) At least one industry insider thinks the exposure may boost ticket sales. “Everyone was talking about Star Trek before this happened,’’ he notes. “Now everyone’s focused on Wolverine.’’

With additional reporting by Chris Nashawaty and Christine Spines (www.ew.com)


LÍNGUA INGLESA

Look at the painting and the picture. Answer the questions.

a) Look at the models and the woman in the painting. According to today’s beauty standard, which one is considered more beautiful? Why? Does your classmate think the same as you?

b) What are the differences between the woman in the painting and the models?

c) What is beauty to you? Does beauty really matter?

Beauty is not in the face; beauty is a light in the heart. Kahlil Gibran

BOTTICELLI, Sandro. Nascimento de Vênus. 1483. 172.5 cm × 278.5 cm. Galeria Uffizi, Florença.

Latin

Stoc

k/Ev

eret

t Col

lect

ion/

Jere

my

Mon

tem

agni

Fashion and beauty5


Discuss fashion and beauty advertisements with a classmate. a) Is the way you look/dress influenced by fashion advertisements? b) Why do some people need to be fashionable?

1. Getting ready

2. While readingHave a look at the texts to answer the questions. a) Do they make you change your mind? b) Why are there beautiful and charming people in ads?

BEAUTY!YOU Magazine Get it all at YOU Magazine.com

POSE WITH TRICKS from the most famous photographers! FIND THE SECRET to awesome cover hair.Make your skin flawless and your eyes pop with advice from CELEB MAKEUP artists!

a)

b)c)

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Valu

a Vi

taly

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Jose

AS

Reye

s

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Yuri

Arc

urs

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Piot

r Tom

icki

I take beautyinto myown hands.

©

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Nic

hola

s Pi

ccill

o

LÍNGUA INGLESA

49

GET TONS OF HAIR IDEAS!

YOU Magazine Get it all at YOU Magazine.com

See some newhairstyles at YOU Magazine.

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

R. G

ino

Sant

a M

aria

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Yuri

Zhur

avov

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Yuri

Arc

urs

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Jose

AS

Reys

Test some looks virtually at YOU Magazine.

TRY IT

ON!

FIND

INSPIRATION!


BRIGHT & SPORTY

WANT TO MAKE A BIG STYLE STATEMENT?

WANT TO LOOK GOOD? CHECK OUT THE TRENDS!

Stripped socks“Pink stripped socks look so nice!”

Blue jeans shorts“I live in shorts and jeans!”

T-shirt“It goes well with my shorts!”

Blue sneakers“They go perfectly with miniskirts!”

Pink leather girl's shoe “What an unusual shoe!”

Necklaces“What cool necklaces”

Ankle socks “I love these socks!”

Green shorts “What a great color!”

Black T-shirt “It matches all my jeans!”

Gray windbreaker jacket“It’s great! It goes with shorts and jeans!”

Tennis shoes “ I own two pairs of tennis shoes”

Blue male sweatshirt“Perfect for jogging”

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Yuri

Arc

urs

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

nito

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Gor

dana

Se

rmek

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Vlue

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

aroa

s

© S

hutte

rsto

ck/f

thes

© Shutterstock/Kim Reinick

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Yuri

Arc

urs

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

kova

cevi

c

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Kayr

os S

tudi

o "B

e H

appy

!"

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

aroa

s

© Shutterstock/Branislav Senic

© Shutterstock/Egorius

© S

hutt

erst

ock

/ N

attik

a

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Sheb

eko

BOYS

GIRLS

©S

S

T i h

Bla“It mmy je

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

aroa

s

hat a great color!”

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Vlue

eat! It goes with shorts and

B“

©Sh

utte

rsto

ck/G

orda

na

Ankle socks

e male sweatshirtrfect for jogging”

tter

stoc

k/ni

to

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Yuri

Arc

urs

klacesat cool

” ©Sh

k/Sh

bk

© S

hutt

erst

ock

/ NN

att

aik

a

Pink leather

© Shutt

B“w

© Shutters

T-shi“It gowith m

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

aroa

s

ks”

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

kova

cevi

c

Shut

ters

tock

/fth

e

© S

hutt

erst

ock/

Yuri

Arc

urs


LÍNGUA INGLESA

3. Getting the message Now, answer the questions according to the ads. Read the comprehension questions before you read the ads again.

a) What is the magazine offering?

b) How do the people look in the pictures?

c) What is the purpose of the magazine?

d) What is your goal reading this page of the magazine?

e) Look at this ad and think of some others. Are there any short or overweight people? Why are the models tall and beautiful? Where does this beauty standard come from?

Look at the words in the box. They were all taken from the advertisement. Choose the words and complete the sentences below.

awesome skin flawless celeb make-up looksawesome skin flawless celeb make-up looks

a) Oh! Look at your face! Your is so dry! Go and get some face cream.

b) She has the of a model.

c) The movie was marvelous. I haven’t watched such an movie in ages.

d) The actors gave a performance in the play.

e) Turn on the TV! They are interviewing the new fashion on television.

f) The girls always put on some eye to go out.

L

Read parts of the lyrics of the following song and answer the questions.

BEAUTIFULChistina Aguilera

Composição Linda Perry

Don’t look at meEvery day is so wonderfulAnd suddenly, it's hard to breatheNow and then, I get insecureFrom all the pain, I'm so ashamed

I am beautiful no matter what they sayWords can't bring me downI am beautiful in every single wayYes, words can't bring me downSo don't you bring me down today

[…]

No matter what we doNo matter what we sayWe're the song inside the tuneFull of beautiful mistakesAnd everywhere we goThe sun will always shine

[…]

AGUILERA, Christina. Beautiful. Disponível em: <http://letras.terra.com.br/christina-aguilera/64334/>. Acesso em: 9 maio 2011.


a) After reading the first verses, which alternative best describes the singer’s feelings? ( ) low self-esteem ( ) high self-esteem

b) In the song, the word beautiful refers to… ( ) outer beauty ( ) inner beauty

c) Now, discuss the message of the song with a classmate.

d) After reading the lyrics, does outer beauty really matter? What is your opinion?

1. Getting readyHave a look at the picture and discuss with your classmates which of the two girls you think has the most potential to become a top model.

2. While listeningYou are going to listen to an article about America’s Next Top Model, an American reality show aimed at finding girls who could become a top model. As you listen, have a look at the picture again and choose the girl that the show is currently looking for. Were you surprised?


A. Choose the correct alternative, according to what you hear. a) America’s Next Top Model is in its… ( ) 11th cycle ( ) 13th cycle b) The show’s casting directors will be in San Francisco… ( ) on March 1. ( ) on March 3. c) The audition session will run from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. at the Westin Hotel,… ( ) 50 Third Street. ( ) 15 Third Street.

B. What’s your opinion about tall or short models? Do you agree with giving a chance to short girls and boys to be models? Answer these questions in your notebook.

P. Im

agen

s/Pi

th

Do and make


A. Leia as sentenças a seguir:

The models are trying to do some work here!Let’s make some cookies! But I can eat only one because I can’t gain weight.People say that famous models make a lot of money.We have to do a lot of walking to be in shape.Let’s do something! OK, let’s watch America’s Next Top Model on TV.

B. Agora, assinale a(s) alternativa(s) correta(s) de acordo com o uso de make e do apresentado nas sentenças acima.

Usa-se o verbo do quando: ( ) se fala sobre executar uma ação comum, um trabalho, uma tarefa. ( ) não se sabe exatamente a qual atividade está se referindo. ( ) a ideia é de produzir, construir ou criar algo. ( ) se fala sobre atividades repetidas, geralmente, de lazer ou de trabalho. Nesse caso, o

verbo vem antes de um “determiner (the, a lot of, some) + ING verb”.

How to

use make

and do

successfully

@ING793


LÍNGUA INGLESA

C. Agora, escreva qual/quais alternativa(s) descrita(s) anteriormente se refere(m) ao uso do verbo make.

Além das regras apresentadas acima, há algumas expressões usadas com do e make, as quais devem ser aprendidas.

Do – homework, justice, business, good, a favor, harm, one’s best, one’s hair, one’s duty, the shopping, the dishes, the housework, some research.

Make – progress, money, a fortune, love, war, peace, arrangements, a fire, the bed, a journey, an attempt, an offer, an excuse, a decision, a suggestion, an exception, an effort, a phone call, a mistake, a noise, believe, friends, a mess.


A. Write do or make in the correct form to complete the sentences.

Luana has just moved to Milan to work as a top model. She is very excited mainly because she is going to live alone in a small apartment and she has to the housework by herself. In the morning, she the bed, and after breakfast, she the dishes. Every morning, after breakfast, she a lot of running to stay in good shape. As it is her boyfriend’s birthday today, she is going to a cake for him. In the evening, she takes a shower and her hair. Her mother, who is a famous dressmaker in Rio de Janeiro, a beautiful dress for her before she moved to Milan, and she is going to wear it tonight.

B. Based on the exercise about the top model’s activities, write three things you like – and three things you don’t like doing. Use make or do. Use your notebook for your answers.

C. Now, in pairs, read the activities you like doing/making and compare them with your classmate’s sentences.

Read some popular sayings and explain their meanings. Write a situation to illustrate the following sayings and present it to your classmates.

a) “Don’t judge a book by its cover.” b) “Fine feathers make fine birds.”c) “Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.”d) “Beauty and folly are often companion.” e) “Beauty is only skin deep.”f) “There is no cosmetic for beauty like happiness.”

MARTIN Gary, English Proverbs. Disponível em: <http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/proverbs.html>. Acesso em: 15 maio 2011.

Popular sayings – De acordo com o Professor Álvaro Bragança, integrante da Academia Brasileira de Filologia, em uma palestra na USP, provérbio seria, em linhas gerais, uma mensagem moral referendada por gerações. Suas origens são muito variadas; às vezes ditos populares, outras costumes eruditos e até origens curiosas, como no caso de manuscritos antigos de aprendizado do latim que viraram provérbios. Provérbios não vêm só da cultura popular, mas também da cultura erudita.

Disponível em: <http://br.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080424113841AAl5mPH>. Acesso em: 11 maio 2011.


What career do you want to pursue? Have you ever thought about that? Read the text. Maybe you’ll find the answer in the Fashion Designer career.

A Day in the life of a Fashion DesignerEver wonder what Giorgio Armani, Betsey Johnson, Donna Karan, and Ralph Lauren do all the time? Work! Few other professions depend so much on keeping on top of fickle popular opinion and watching what competitors produce. The life of a designer is intimately linked to tastes and sensibilities that change at a moment’s notice, and he or she must be able to capitalize on or – even better – influence those opinions. Designers reflect society’s sensibilities through clothing design. “You have to know just about everything that’s been done before so that you can recognize it when it becomes popular again,” wrote one respondent. Fashion designers are involved in every phase of designing, showing, and producing all types of clothing, from bathing suits to evening gowns. Those with talent, vision, determination, and ambition can succeed in this difficult, demanding, and highly competitive industry. Fashion design can be more glamorous than a 1940s Hollywood musical or drearier than a bank statement, but it’s always taxing. A designer’s day includes reading current fashion magazines, newspapers, and other media that reflect current trends and tastes. He or she looks at materials, attends fashion shows, and works with other designers on projects. [...]

A DAY in the life of a Fashion Designer. Disponível em: <http://www.princetonreview.com/Careers.aspx?cid=63>. Acesso em: 4 maio 2011.

Fickle: often changing.

(UNIMONTES – MG) O texto a seguir refere-se às questões de 1 a 4.

What is Fashion?

Fashion is something we deal with every day. Even people who say they don’t care what they wear choose clothes every morning that say a lot about them and how they feel that day.

One certain thing in the fashion world is change. We are constantly being bombarded with new fashion ideas from music, videos, books, and television.

Movies also have a big impact on what people wear. Ray-Ban sold more sunglasses after the movie Men in Black. Sometimes a trend is worldwide. Back in the 1950s, teenagers everywhere dressed like Elvis Presley.

Clothes separate people into groups:Clothes reveal what groups people are in. Styles show who you

are, but they also create stereotypes and distance between groups. For instance, a businessman might look at a boy with green hair and multiple piercings as a freak* and outsider. But to another person, the boy is a strict conformist. He dresses a certain way to deliver the message of rebellion and separation, but within that group, the look is uniform. Acceptance or rejection of a style is a reaction to the society we live in.

Fashion is a language which tells a story about the person who wears it. “Clothes create a wordless means of communication that we all understand,” according to Katherine Hamnett, a top British fashion designer. Hamnett became popular when her t-shirts with large messages like “Choose Life” were worn by several rock bands.

Fashion is big business. More people are involved in the buying, selling and production of clothing than any other business in the world. Every day millions of workers design, sew, glue, dye, and transport clothing to stores. Ads on buses, billboards* and magazines give us ideas about what to wear consciously or subconsciously.

Clothing can be used as a political weapon. In nineteenth-century England, laws prohibited people from wearing clothes produced in France. During twentieth-century communist revolutions, uniforms were used to abolish class and race distinctions.

<http://www.pbs.org/newhour/infocus/fashion/whatisfashion.html.2/10/2009>

1

5

10

15

20

25

30

*freak = excêntrico *billboards = outdoors (no Brasil)Ensino Médio | Modular 55

LÍNGUA INGLESA

1. Quando o assunto é moda, de acordo com o texto, pode-se afirmar que:

a) as pessoas, de fato, não se preocupam muito com o que vestir, embora a moda tente incutir nelas um padrão.

b) a roupa, num dado momento, revela muito sobre a pessoa e seus sentimentos.

c) se percebe, na atualidade, uma tendência da moda a sofrer menos variações de uma década para outra.

d) o estilo de se vestir das pessoas tem sido bas-tante uniforme, mesmo que tenham idades diferentes.

2. Segundo o texto, a moda pode:

a) subverter costumes, ao criar estereótipos que, em vez de afastar, aproximam as pessoas.

b) uniformizar os gostos e as tendências de gera-ções diferentes.

c) contribuir para que estilos, “looks” e tendências completamente distintos convivam, formando um único grupo.

d) segregar as pessoas, dividindo-as em grupos, de acordo com um estilo.

3. Pode-se afirmar, de acordo com o texto, EXCETO:

a) As questões políticas ditadas pela moda, mui-tas vezes, fazem com que ajamos de forma inconsciente, prejudicial a nós.

b) A roupa pode ser usada com uma motivação política dentro de um grupo ou país.

c) Anúncios de moda podem nos induzir a usar determinada roupa.

d) O comércio de roupas é maior que qualquer outro no mundo.

4. “Even people who say they don't care what they wear choose clothes every morning that say a lot about them and how they feel that day.” (linha 3)A que fazem referência as palavras sublinhadas nesse trecho, de acordo com as alternativas apre-sentadas a seguir?

a) A “people” e “clothes”, respectivamente.

b) A “clothes” e “people”, respectivamente.

c) Ambas referem-se a “clothes”.

d) Ambas referem-se a “people”.

(UFAL) O texto a seguir refere-se às questões 5 e 6.

Your Brain on Shopping

It’s a hunt. It’s therapy. It’s a way of life. But has it gotten out of control?

AIMEE LEE BALL investigates why we spend the way we do.

Alas, our romance with shopping seems to be coming to an end – or at least it’s up for careful reevaluation. According to research from Stanford University, more than one in 20 adults are compulsive shoppers, purchasing things they don’t need, use, or even want. That’s because shopping, once devoted to procuring necessities, has come to fill multiple emotional needs – it’s entertainment, a bonding activity, a sport, a form of self-expression, and, quite often, a means of solace. “These days what you buy is a way to connect to others and showcase your personality and values”, says Kit Yarrow, PhD, professor of psychology and marketing at Golden Gate University in San Francisco. So what happens now when more than five million people have lost their jobs since December 2007, and many of us are trying to curb our enthusiasm? Ironically, “when people feel economically insecure, they tend to reassure themselves by shopping,” says George Loewenstein, PhD, professor of economics and psychology at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. The thinking is: If I were economically secure, I would go shopping, so if I’m shopping, I must be economically secure. And that’s just one thing to be aware of as you head for the mall. Here are a few others.

The Oprah Magazine, July 2009, page 96.

5. It is argued that:a) shopping seems to avoid the end of romances.b) compulsive buyers will buy exclusively what

they need.c) shopping these days is just what it was once

devoted to be. d) it is high time we assessed our infatuation for

shopping.e) buying makes people feel economically insecure.

6. Researchers contend that:a) shopping brings no personal satisfaction.b) most adults are compulsive shoppers. c) shopping helps people socialize with others.d) due to the recession, shoppers have quit buying.e) what you buy cannot reflect your personality.


reading comprehension, modal verbs, tag questions, do and...

Documents