rde – real driving emissions – a game …rde...daniel baumann, it rde – real driving emissions...
TRANSCRIPT
Daniel Baumann, IT
RDE – REAL DRIVING EMISSIONS – A GAME CHANGER FOR THE INDUSTRY? Dr. Roland Wanker und Gianluca Vitale AVL List GmbH, Graz
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 2
CONTENT
§ Legislative Context § RDE in the Calibration Process § AVL Solutions
§ Road Testing – Measurement Equipment § Road Testing – Data Postprocessing § Base Calibration in the Lab § Simulation – Virtual Calibration
§ Summary
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 3
WHAT IS THE DRIVER BEHING RDE?
Presented at the AECC Seminar, May 2015
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 4
RDE TIMELINE FOR LIGHT DUTY VEHICLES STATUS OCTOBER 2015
2007 09/2017
REGULATION (EC) 715/2007
Definition of test protocol, RDE testing without limits
RDE in force (gaseous and PN?)
from 09/2017
01/2016
1999
40 CFR § 86.1809
“no defeat device!”
EPA and CARB announce to perform PEMS testing during
certification
09/2015
PEMS Testing as a standard part of the
legislation
PEMS Testing to detect defeat devices
Next…
Next…
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 5
CONTENT
§ Legislative Context § RDE in the Calibration Process § AVL Solutions
§ Road Testing – Measurement Equipment § Road Testing – Data Postprocessing § Base Calibration in the Lab § Simulation – Virtual Calibration
§ Summary
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 6
POWERTRAIN CALIBRATION EVOLUTION IN THE LAST 20 YEARS
Virtual Calibration
ECU Parameters TCU Electr./Non-powertrain
1
~500
1
1
>30
~50k
>3 Electrification
>50
Months Months
>2
~5k
>2
>6
Months
Speed
Load
2015 2005 1995
Speed
Load
Calibration
Model-based Calibration
Procesess & Models
Methods
ECU Access/Standards
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 7
CONTENT
§ Legislative Context § RDE in the Calibration Process § AVL Solutions
§ Road Testing – Measurement Equipment § Road Testing – Data Postprocessing § Base Calibration in the Lab § Simulation – Virtual Calibration
§ Summary
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 8 |
RDE TEST EQUIPMENT
§ AVL M.O.V.E iS System § GAS PEMS iS § PN PEMS iS § EFM iS § System Control § Concerto M.O.V.E
Postprocessing
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 9 |
AVL M.O.V.E GAS PEMS
NOx result as function of altitude
~0 m
~1500 m
à Independence of the measured values from ambient conditions, shocks and vibrations, EMV, … is a pre-requisite for a successful RDE test!
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 10
AVL M.O.V.E PN PEMS
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 11
AVL ADVANCED DIFFUSION CHARGER TECHNOLGY INFLUENCE OF PARTICLE DIAMETER
Conclusion: The counting efficiency of the AVL Advanced DC is equivalent to PMP systems at typical engine exhaust conditions.
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 12 |
AVL M.O.V.E EXHAUST FLOW METER
4550 4600 4650 4700 4750 4800 4850 4900 4950 5000 5050 5100Time [s]
AVL4
95_E
xhau
stG
asFl
owM
ass
[kg/
h]
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
AVL495_ExhaustGasFlowMassOBD_ExhaustFlow
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 13 |
AVL M.O.V.E IS SYSTEM VERIFICATION
Pollutant [g/km]
AVL M.O.V.E iS
CVS Diff absolute
Diff [%]
CO2 202,23 204,7 -2,47 -1,2
CO 0,08 0,073 0,007 10,2
NOx 0,066 0,062 0,004 6,6
AVL M.O.V.E iS System
CVS System
WLTC result for 4 cylinder Diesel engine vehicle (*) real vehicle/brand is not shown
(*)
(*)
Note: These results are below the legislative requirements by a factor 2-5.
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 14 |
RDE TEST EXECUTION
HOW TO GET A VALID TEST? TRIP REQUIREMENTS…
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 15
RDE TEST PROCEDURE
Temperature -7°C to 35°C
Altitude up to 1350 m
Trip / Driver City (34%) / Rural (33%) / Motorway (33%), up to 160 km/h, 90-120 min
Load no „empty“ vehicle, heating or air condition on
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 16
AVL CONCERTO MOVE POSTPROCESSING
Highway
Rural
City
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 17
AVL Concerto PEMS Postprocessing
AVL CONCERTO MOVE POSTPROCESSING
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 18
AVL CONCERTO MOVE POSTPROCESSING
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 19
CONTENT
§ Legislative Context § RDE in the Calibration Process § AVL Solutions
§ Road Testing – Measurement Equipment § Road Testing – Data Postprocessing § Base Calibration in the Lab § Simulation – Virtual Calibration
§ Summary
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 20
CAMEO RDE OPTIMIZATION IN 4 STEPS
Smooth Optimization
& Cycle Prediction • Smoothing
constraints during optimization
• Maps ready to be used
Cycle Optimization Smooth Maps
Active DoE
• Auto-adaption of test points for best model quality
• No additional iterations needed
Online Test Adaption
Automatic Modeling
• Automatic generation of models direct from raw data.
• No expert knowledge • Expert interaction still
possible
One-Click Modeling
Cycle analysis
• Automatic clustering of cycle data
• Easy generation of test points
Easy Test Generation
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 21
CONTENT
§ Legislative Context § RDE in the Calibration Process § AVL Solutions
§ Road Testing – Measurement Equipment § Road Testing – Data Postprocessing § Base Calibration in the Lab § Simulation – Virtual Calibration
§ Summary
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 22
EU4 / EU5 EU6 / RDE EU2 / EU3 EU3 / EU4
Polynomial Model
Models
Neural Network
Best Point
FF
AR
EA O
F O
PTI
MIZ
ATI
ON
NUMBER OF VARIATION PARAMETERS
Real Driving
Global
Experimental Designs
Semi- Physical
Local
EVOLUTION OF MODEL-BASED CALIBRATION TOWARDS VIRTUAL CALIBRATION
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 23
AVL VIRTUAL TEST FIELD
Dr. Roland Wanker, Gianluca Vitale | Instrumentation & Test Systems | 08 Juli 2015 | 24
SUMMARY
Chassis Dyno Hardware in the Loop
§ Being „RDE Ready“ is truly a Challenge!
§ We take care …