rcra’s reach to consumer and retail products · 2017-10-17 · kansas city omaha overland park...
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RCRA’s Reach to Consumer and Retail
Products
2013 MWCC ConferenceJuly 1, 2013
WA: 43488471
A surprise for retail stores, warehouses, and distribution centers handling
household and consumer products
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Overview
Retail Store and Warehouse Dynamics Storage and Disposal of Product/Wastes (RCRA)
Chemical Management (EPCRA and CERCLA); Air Issues (CAA); Water (Stormwater and POTW Discharges)
Health and Safety (OSHA); HazMat (DOT)
Enforcement – National & EPA Region 7 Considerations and Best Practices
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Why the Focus on Retail, Warehousing, and Distribution?
Nature of Activities Non-traditional manufacturing setting Use of contractors and sub-contractors and
responsibility for regulatory issues Proactive enforcement
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Retail Store and Warehouse Dynamics
Storage of large volume of chemicals and products
Difficulties in keeping on top of products and chemicals that are changing constantly
Obsolete and slow-moving products
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Retail Store and Warehouse Dynamics
Historically lower risk operations than industrial sites or manufacturing
Less staff than traditional manufacturing Knowledge base Operated by third-party vendors Segregated locations from company EHS
professional
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Retail Store and Warehouse Dynamics Ripe for confusion – different and complex
regulatory regimes, lists, thresholds EPA RCRA – “hazardous wastes” CERCLA – “hazardous substances” EPCRA – “extremely hazardous substances”
“toxic chemicals” and “hazardous chemicals” DOT – “hazardous materials” / “dangerous goods” OSHA – “hazardous chemicals”
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Contractors and Third-Party Vendors
Responsibility Contract provisions Staffing considerations Subcontractors and use of temporary staff Oversight
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Is it Product or is it Waste?
Returned products Damaged products Obsolete products Off-spec products Past shelf-life / efficacy Spills / releases (forklift damage, overturned
pallets)
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RCRA Ignitable Wastes (D001)
Characteristic – Flash point Aerosol cans Household goods and
consumer products Bathroom and kitchen
cleaners Furniture polish Carpet cleaners
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RCRA Corrosive Wastes (D002)
Characteristic – Corrosive Bleach Chlorine cleaners and
disinfectants Oven cleaners Degreasing agents
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RCRA Listed Wastes
Discarded commercial chemical products, off-spec, container residues, and spill residues
P-Listed: pharmaceutical residues in pill bottles, vials, blister packs, and wrappers
U-Listed: pharmaceutical waste
F-Listed: Spent solvents and solvent contaminated rags
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Management and Handling of Hazardous Wastes
Generator Status Infrequent / Periodic Generation
Container Storage Areas Containers Labeling Manifesting, Transportation, and Disposal
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And Don’t Forget…
Used Fluorescent Lamps Forklift batteries (and other
batteries) Used oil Used hydraulic fluids Rags and towels with solvent
(cleaning / housekeeping) Cleaning agents and degreasing
solvents 13
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Pharmaceutical Waste as Hazardous Waste
EPA I.G. Report 2012 “widespread noncompliance in the healthcare industry”
P-Listed: coumadin® (warfarin), nicotine patches
U-Listed: lindane (lice/scabies treatment) Characteristic: (D009 toxic) mercury in
vaccines
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Chemical Storage and Management
Emergency Planning Notification Release Reporting Notification Hazardous Chemical Storage Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)
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Warehouse and Chemical Management Clean Air Act Issues
Refrigerant leak detection and repair for ozone depleting substances
Anhydrous ammonia Asbestos – Demolition and renovation
activities
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Stormwater and Water Protection
Stormwater Management Process wastewaters from warehouse and
distribution center operations SPCC Requirements
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Health and Safety
Fall protection Occupational exposures Adequate personal protective equipment Material handling and storage Lockout/Tagout
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Health and Safety
OSHA’s Multi-Employer Citation Policy OSHA Warehouse Enforcement Feb. 2012 (Pennsylvania) $283,000 penalty
May 2012 (Mass. and New Hampshire) Corrections required at more than 60 locations $400,000 civil penalty
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OSHA Inspections 2011(FY – 10/1/2010 to 9/30/2011)
Top 10 Most Frequently Cited1. Scaffolding (construction)2. Fall protection (construction)3. HazCom Standard4. Respiratory Protection5. Lockout/Tagout6. Electrical, wiring methods7. Powered industrial trucks8. Ladders (construction)9. Electrical systems design10. Machine guarding
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Top 10 Most Frequently Cited1. Scaffolding (construction)2. Fall protection (construction)3. HazCom Standard4. Respiratory Protection5. Lockout/Tagout6. Electrical, wiring methods7. Powered industrial trucks8. Ladders (construction)9. Electrical systems design10. Machine Guarding
Top 10 Highest Penalties1. Fall protection (construction)2. Scaffolding (construction)3. Lockout/Tagout4. Machine Guarding5. Ladders (construction)6. Excavations, requirements7. Powered industrial trucks8. General Duty Clause9. Electrical wiring methods10. Electrical systems design
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DOT HazMat and FAA Transportation
HazMat “Dangerous Goods” Consumer Commodity ORM-D Lithium Batteries
FAA Enforcement K-Mart (2010) Nail polish and aerosol sun block $140,000 penalty sought by FAA
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National Enforcement
Wal-Mart – EPA (May 2013) - $82 Million RCRA – Civil penalty - $6.1 million FIFRA – Criminal Misdemeanor - $14 million CWA – Criminal Misdemeanor - $60 million
State of California Wal-Mart (2010)
$24.7 Million (penalty and SEP)
Target (2011) $22.5 million civil penalty and injunctive relief - 290 stores (Bleach, paints,
pesticides, aerosol cans, oven cleaners, automotive products, batteries, etc.)
CVS (2012) $13.75 million civil penalty and SEP (pharmacy waste, batteries, fluorescent
lamps, photo-processing waste)
Costco (2012)
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EPA Region 7 Enforcement and MDNR Enforcement
Wal-Mart (MDNR - Missouri) Return of herbicides and pesticides to third-party $1.25 million civil penalty and SEP, plus over $3
million in remediation of site Retail Store (EPA - Missouri) Abandoned, unclaimed, damaged goods from
commercial shipping operation Nearly $100,000 civil penalty
Warehouse (EPA - Kansas) Breakage and spillage at freight facility Over $50,000 civil penalty
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EPA Region 7 Enforcement
ChemCentral (Missouri)
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Criminal Enforcement EPA Region 7
Wal-Mart (Missouri) 2013 Greenleaf LLC (Missouri) Redistribution of consumer
product pesticides / herbicides: FIFRA
HPI (Missouri) Chemical and pesticide
manufacturer: RCRA, CWA, FIFRA
Individual criminal plea and Corporate criminal plea
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Considerations and Best Practices
Management and Handling of Hazardous Wastes Contracting Operating Procedures and Protocols Training Auditing and Compliance Evaluations
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Additional Resources From Environmental Law Solutions Improper Disposal of Consumer Products by Retailer
Leads to $82 Million Criminal and Civil Penalty for RCRA, FIFRA, CWA Violations http://www.spencerfane.com/environmental_law_solutions/blog.aspx?entry=349
EPA to Re-evaluate Regulation of Disposed Consumer and Retail Products as Hazardous Waste Under RCRA http://www.spencerfane.com/environmental_law_solutions/blog.aspx?entry=286
DOT Evaluating New HazMat Regulations for Reverse Logistics of Retail and Consumer Products http://www.spencerfane.com/environmental_law_solutions/blog.aspx?entry=151
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Q&A and Contact Information
Andrew C. BroughtSpencer Fane Britt & Browne LLP1000 Walnut, Suite 1400Kansas City, Missouri [email protected]
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