rapid prototyping for augmented reality
TRANSCRIPT
How do you Design and Test this?
Or this..
Google Glass
View Through Glass
Google Glass Prototyping
http://ed.ted.com/lessons/rapid-prototyping-google-glass-tom-chi
Rapid Prototyping Glass • Q: How long would it take you to make the first working version of the Glass headset display?
• A: One day..
Interacting with Glass
Prototyping Interaction • Q: How long would it take you to prototype a Minority Report interaction technique?
• A: 45 minutes..
Tom Chi’s Prototyping Rules 1. Find the quickest path to experience 2. Doing is the best kind of thinking 3. Use materials that move at the speed of
thought to maximize your rate of learning
The Road to Glass
Early prototyping
DESIGN PROCESSES
Interaction Design Process
Design Thinking - Three Phase Model
http://dschool.stanford.edu/redesigningtheater/the-design-thinking-process/
Elaboration and Reduction
• Elaborate - generate solutions. These are the opportunities • Reduce - decide on the ones worth pursuing • Repeat - elaborate and reduce again on those solutions
Source: Laseau,P. (1980) Graphic Thinking for Architects & Designers. John Wiley and Sons
Elaboration vs. Reduction
• Elaboration: Sketching/Storytelling • Creation, exploration • Quick, conceptual
• Reduction: Prototyping/Testing • Functional • Idea presentation • Decision making
RAPID PROTOTYPING
How can we quickly prototype Augmented Reality experiences
with little or no coding?
Why Prototype?
▪ Quick visual design ▪ Capture key interactions ▪ Focus on user experience ▪ Communicate design ideas ▪ “Learn by doing/experiencing”
Design/Prototyping Tools
Typical Development Steps
▪ Sketching ▪ Storyboards ▪ UI Mockups ▪ Interaction Flows ▪ Video Prototypes ▪ Interactive Prototypes ▪ Final Native Application
Increased Fidelity & Interactivity
Sketching Sketching is not about drawing It is about design. Sketching is a tool to help you:
• express • develop, and • communicate design ideas
Sketching is part of a process:
• idea generation, • design elaboration • design choices, • engineering
Figure 41: A Sketch of a Dialogue with a Sketch
The “conversation” between the sketch (right bubble) and the mind (left
bubble). A sketch is created from current knowledge (top arrow). Reading,
or interpreting the resulting representation (bottom arrow), creates new
knowledge. The creation results from what Goldschmidt calls “seeing
that” reasoning, and the extraction of new knowledge results from what
she calls “seeing as.”
sketchrepresentation
mind(new) knowledge
Create(seeing that)
Read(seeing as)
“Sketching is about the activity not the result” – Bill Buxton
25
AR Hockey Concept
https://stereoscopica.wordpress.com/2013/05/29/augmented-reality-hockey-concept/
Sketched Interfaces
▪ Sketch + Powerpoint/Photoshop/Illustrator
Sketched Concepts
http://www.objecttheory.com/
Example Storyboard
Example Storyboard p.2
Persona + Storyboard
Paper Prototyping (Low Fidelity)
Quick and simple means of sketching interfaces Use office materials Easier to criticize, quick to change Creative process (develop in team) Can also use for usability test (focus on interaction flow) Used a lot to test out concepts before real design begins.
Paper Prototyping
The Basic Materials
• Post-its • 5x8 in. index cards • Scissors, X-acto knives • Overhead transparencies • Large, heavy, white paper (11 x 17) • Tape, stick glue, correction tape • Pens & markers (many colors & sizes)
Physical Prototype
• Early ideation • Think through ideas • Force you to visualize how things come together • Communicate ideas to others to inspire new designs • Active brainstorming
Why is Sketching/Paper Prototyping Useful?
Paper Prototypes Pros and Cons • Good
• Quick and dirty • No software needed • Very inclusive
• Bad • Not quick enough • Too dirty (lack context and scale) • Hard to share among team • Still needs a separate documentation step
From Sketches to Working Systems Early design
Late design
Brainstorm different ideas and representations
Choose a representation Rough out interface style
Multitude of sketches
Sketch variations and details
Sketch or low fidelity prototypes Task centered walkthrough and redesign
Fine tune interface, screen design Heuristic evaluation and redesign
Usability testing and redesign
Low to medium fidelity prototypes
Limited field testing
Alpha/Beta tests
High fidelity prototypes
Working systems
From Sketches to Prototypes • Sketches: early ideation stages of design • Prototypes: capturing /detailing the actual design
Prototyping
• Create physical form of ideas • Allow people to experience and interact with them
• Why Prototyping? • Empathy gaining- deepen understanding of design space • Exploration – build to think • Testing – test solutions with end users • Inspiration – help others catch your vision
Sketch vs. Prototype Sketch PrototypeInvite A)endSuggest DescribeExplore RefineQues;on AnswerPropose TestProvoke ResolveTenta;ve,noncommi)al SpecificDepic;on
The primary differences are in the intent
Sketching to Prototype
Wireframe
• It’s about • Functional specs • Navigational systems • Functionality and layout • Notes about the intended functionality • How interface elements work together • Lack of typographic style, colour or graphics
• Leaving room for the design to be created
Wireframes
Mockup
• It’s about • Look and feel • Build on the wireframe with
graphics and polish • May adjust layout slightly but stays
within the general guide of the wireframe
FunMe Mobile AR Wireframe/Mockup
http://www.yunnuocheng.com/funme/
GlassSim – http://glasssim.com/
▪ Simulate the view through Google Glass ▪ Multiple card templates
GlassSim Card Builder ▪ Use HTML for card details ▪ Multiple templates ▪ Change background ▪ Own image ▪ Camera view
GlassSim Samples
Application Storyboard
▪ http://dsky9.com/glassfaq/google-glass-storyboard-template-download/
Application Flow
Acting/Role Playing
Wireframe/Mockup Pros and Cons ▪ Positives ▪ Good for documenting screens ▪ Can show application flow
▪ Negatives ▪ No interactivity/transitions ▪ Can’t be used for testing ▪ Can’t deploy on device ▪ Can be time consuming to create
Transitions
▪ Series of still photos in a movie format. ▪ Demonstrates the experience of the product ▪ Discover where concept needs fleshing out. ▪ Communicate experience and interface ▪ You can use whatever tools, from Flash to iMovie.
Video Sketching
UI Concept Movies
Video Sketch Pros and Cons • Good
• Excellent communication tool • Shows interactions • High fidelity concept
• Bad • No interaction • Difficult to use for user testing • May not be able to implement vision • Too good to be true
EXAMPLE: SKETCH TO VIDEO
AR Hockey
• Concept – Air Hockey in the real world • Mix materiality and real surfaces with digital forms • React to real body movement and player interaction
https://stereoscopica.wordpress.com/2013/05/29/augmented-reality-hockey-concept/
AR Hockey Concept
https://stereoscopica.wordpress.com/2013/05/29/augmented-reality-hockey-concept/
Sketched Projected Content
Game Setup
Paper/Experience Prototypes
• Having people act out the game
Physical Mockup
Concept Video
https://vimeo.com/79285725
WORKING PROTOTYPES
Interactive Sketching
• Pop App • Pop - https://popapp.in/ • Combining sketching and interactivity on mobiles • Take pictures of sketches, link pictures together
Using Pop
Interactive Wireframing ▪ Developing interactive interfaces/wireframes ▪ Transitions, user feedback, interface design
▪ Web based tools ▪ UXpin - http://www.uxpin.com/ ▪ proto.io - http://www.proto.io/
▪ Native tools ▪ Justinmind - http://www.justinmind.com/ ▪ Axure - http://www.axure.com/
Proto.io - http://www.proto.io/ ▪ Web based mobile prototyping tool ▪ Features ▪ Prototype for multiple devices ▪ Gesture input, touch events, animations ▪ Share with collaborators ▪ Test on device
Proto.io - Interface
Limitations ▪ No access to sensor data ▪ Camera, orientation sensor
▪ No multimedia playback ▪ Audio, video
▪ Simple transitions ▪ No conditional logic
▪ No networking
Wireframe vs. Prototype vs. Mockup • Wireframe
• Low fidelity representation of design • What UI elements, where UI are placed
• Mockup • High fidelity static design • Visual design draft
• Prototype • Medium to high fidelity • Supports user interaction
Interactive Coding - Processing ▪ Programming tool for Artists/Designers ▪ http://processing.org ▪ Easy to code, Free, Open source, Java based ▪ 2D, 3D, audio/video support
▪ Processing For Android ▪ http://wiki.processing.org/w/Android ▪ Strong Android support, builds .apk file
Processing + Augmented Reality • Support for Augmented Reality
• Camera input • GPS/Sensor input • 3D Graphics
• Books • Prototyping Augmented Reality (Mullins) • Rapid Android Development (Sauter)
• Software • Ketai Library - http://ketai.org/
• Android library support – all sensors on Android devices
http://toxiclibs.org/
Other Tools ▪ Wireframing ▪ pidoco ▪ FluidUI
▪ Rapid Development ▪ Phone Gap ▪ AppMachine
▪ Interactive ▪ App Inventor ▪ WearScript
EXAMPLE: CONCEPT TO DEMO
NASA Hololens Concept Demo
• Vision: Work on Mars from your office • Story and sketches based on vision • Led to working Demo
Chesley Bonestell (1940s)
Hololens Story
HoloLens Concept Sketches
Final NASA HoloLens OnSight Demo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o-GP3Kx6-CE
HARDWARE PROTOTYPING
Build Your Own Wearable
▪ MyVu display + phone + sensors
Beady-i
▪ http://www.instructables.com/id/DIY-Google-Glasses-AKA-the-Beady-i/
Physical Input Devices ▪ Can we develop unobtrusive input
devices ? ▪ Reduce need for speech, touch pad input ▪ Socially more acceptable
▪ Examples ▪ Ring, ▪ pendant, ▪ bracelet, ▪ gloves, etc
Prototyping Platform
Arduino Kit Bluetooth Shield Google Glass
Example: Glove Input
▪ Buttons on fingertips ▪ Map touches to commands
Example: Ring Input
▪ Touch strip, button, accelerometer ▪ Tap, swipe, flick actions
How it works
Bracelet
Armband
Gloves
1,2,3,4
Values/output
CASE STUDY
ITERATIVE DESIGN PROCESS
Design(redesign)
PrototypeTestDesignwithUsers(Note
problems)Evaluate(FixIssues)
MOBILE AUGMENTED REALITY FOR SPATIAL NAVIGATION
Sharon Brosnan Bachelor of Science in Digital Media Design
http://www.sharonbrosnan.com/portfolio/mobile-augmented-reality.php
BUNRATTY FOLK PARK
• Irish visitor attraction run by Shannon Heritage • 19th century life is recreated • Buildings from the mid-west have been relocated to the 26-land surrounding Bunratty Castle
• 30 buildings are set in a rural or village setting there.
AUGMENTED REALITY
In Bunratty Folk Park: • Allows the visitor to point a camera at an exhibit, the
device recognises its by it’s location and layers digital information on to the display
• 3-dimensional virtual objects can be positioned with real ones on display
• Leads to dynamic combination of a live camera view and information
NAVIGATIONAL AID
Smartphone Platform Most people carry mobile phones Ideal Augmented Reality Technology • Global tracking tools • Wireless communication capabilities • Location based computing • Large display for interaction
DESIGNING FOR THE VISITOR
HUMAN CENTRED DESIGN
Goal of the Navigational Aid • Easy to use, clear and understandable • Useful to visitors • Creating interaction between the visitor and the aid
through the user interface
Engage the visitor • It is necessary to understand the visitor to Bunratty • Identify visitor motives and goals while going through
the Folk Park.
HUMAN CENTRED DESIGN
Understanding the technology and Related Works ! Literature ! Similar Technologies ! Electronic Tours in Museum Settings ! Interactions design in Outdoor Museums
Understanding the User over time ! Observations ! Interviews
HUMAN CENTRED DESIGN
Findings • Most visitors do not use the map • Most visitors have mobile phones • Visitors want more information • View the Folk Park at their own pace • Information should be straight to the point • Large social interaction within groups
FUNCTIONALITY • View Options
• Camera View • Map View • List View
• Sub-Options • Places • Events • Restaurants
! AR Features ! Text Information ! 3D Objects ! 3D Tour Guide ! 3D Placement of Buildings
STORYBOARD
ITERATIVE DESIGN PROCESS
ITERATIVE DESIGN PROCESS
Prototyping and User Testing • Low Fidelity Prototyping
• Sketches • Paper Prototyping • Post-It Prototyping • PowerPoint Prototyping
• High Fidelity Prototyping • Wikitude
INITIAL SKETCHES - Photoshop
Pros: • Good for idea generation • Cheap • Concepts seem feasible Cons: • Not great feedback gained • Photoshop not fast enough for making changes
POST IT PROTOTYPING
FirstDraJ
CameraViewwith3D
SecondDraJ ThirdDraJ• Selec;onhighlightedinblue • Homebu)onaddedforeasy
naviga;ontomainmenu
POWERPOINT PROTOTYPING Benefits • Used for User Testing • Interactive • Functionalities work • Quick • Easy arrangement of slides
User Testing • Participants found • 15 minute sessions screen captured • ‘Talk Allowed’ technique used • Notes taken • Post-Interview
WIKITUDE
• Popular AR browser • Mapping • Point of Interest abilities • Multiplatform • Shows points of interest
• Markers can be selected in and information pop-up appears
FINAL CONCEPT DESIGN
FINAL DESIGN CONCEPT
Key Issues • Fix issues found in previous sessions
• Design with guidelines in mind
• Appealing to the Mental Model • Icon Design
• Aesthetic Design • Colour/Font • Buttons • Look
VIDEO PROTOTYPE
" Flexibletoolforcapturingtheuseofaninterface
" Elaboratesimula;onofhowthenaviga;onalaidwillwork
" Doesnotneedtoberealis;cineverydetail
" Givesagoodideaofhowthefinishedsystemwillwork
SUMMARY
Tom Chi’s Prototyping Rules 1. Find the quickest path to experience 2. Doing is the best kind of thinking 3. Use materials that move at the speed of
thought to maximize your rate of learning
Conclusions • Prototyping is one of the most important skills you can have as an ARinterface designer
• There are many tools available: • Sketching, Paper Prototyping, Video, etc
• Always keep the user at the heart of the process • User centered design • User testing/feedback
Consider the Whole User