rapid prototyping and modelling

Rapid Prototyping and Modelling

ByAmar Vamsi Krishna

4th Year B.E, Mechanical Engineering 1RN11ME007

Phase-1: Introduction, Principle, Family and Features

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, RNSIT 2015

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What is Rapid Prototyping?Rapid Prototyping and Modelling

• RAPID:(adj)happening in a short time or at a great rate

• PROTOTYPE :(n) a first or preliminary version of a device orvehicle from which other forms are developed(v) make a prototype of (a product)


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• Manufacturing Technique based on DISPERSED ACCUMULATION FORMING


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Looking down the memory laneRapid Prototyping and Modelling

• 1982: US patent no 473901 : Blanther – Layered Manufacturing– 1950s:100s of RPM patents • 1986: Stereolithography- Charles W Hull (US Patent

No:4575330)– 1988: 3D System Corp, USA- First RP machine (SLA-

250)» 274 patents in USA during 1986-1998• GARPA(Global Alliance of Rapid Prototyping

Associations) set up


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Division of Forming TechnologiesRapid Prototyping and Modelling

Removal FormingForced Forming

Dispersed-Accumulated Forming

Growth Forming


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Principle of Rapid Prototyping?Rapid Prototyping and Modelling

• RPM Digital Information Process + Digital Physical Process =Digital Forming Process


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Rapid Prototyping and Modelling Family


• Rapid Prototyping (RP)• Rapid Manufacturing• Rapid Tooling(RT)• Rapid Moulding(RM)• Bio-Manufacturing(BM)


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Rapid Prototyping

High Energy BeamStereolithography

Laminated Object

Manufacturing

Selective Layer

Sintering

Jetting/ExtrusionFused

Deposition Modelling

Ink Jet Printing

3D Printing


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Techniques of RPM

Stereolithography

•He-Cd/Argon/Solid State Laser (dozens to hundreds of mW)•Wavelength: 320 nm to 370nm•Charles W Hull : 1986•Free Radical light cured resin, cat-ion light cured resin and mixed type.•Composition of resins: Polymerizable Prepolymer,active monomer, photoinitiator and auxiliaries


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Techniques of RPM


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Techniques of RPM

Laminated Object Manufacturing

•Uses laser or Knife to cut patterns on thin layersand then piles the layers together.•Machine components: Paper feeding and rolling implement, heat presser, altimeter sensors, X-Y scanning system, mobile elevated workbench•Michael Feygin: 1986•Structural Materials: Paper or polymeric films


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Techniques of RPM

Selective Layer Sintering

•Piling up layers of laser sintering metal or non metallic powder•Machine Constituents: Laser(CO2 or YAG with near IR band wavelength of 1.06 micrometers) ofpower 50W -200W, optical system, function generator, a hopper, a spreading system and an industrial PC. •Developed by CR Dechard in University of Texas,Austin, 1989•Forming materials: Wax powder, Metal Powder, polystyrene, plastics like ABS and PLA, Coated Ceramic etc


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Techniques of RPM


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Techniques of RPM

Fused Deposition Modelling

•Most popular •This is colloquially called the 3D printer•Extrusion of slurry like viscous molten materials and depositing them on a base or a previously formed part•Developed by Dr. Scott Crump in 1988•Commercialized by Stratasys Corp, USA•Low cost Desktop printers and Do It Yourself kitsfrom companies like Makerbot•An evolving community is growing rapidly


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Techniques of RPM


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Techniques of RPM

Ink Jet Printing

•Builds parts by shooting/jetting material droplet on-demand from piezoelctric ink-jet nozzles.•High forming velocity can be achieved by using a linear array of nozzles•Forming materials are wax, wax-like thermoplasts•Strength: >Wax; < Technical Thermoplatics


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Techniques of RPM

3D Printing

•Uses ink-jet printing nozzles to jet binder dropletsonto solid powder surface.•After one layer of powder, a binder is sprayed and again one more layer of powder is spread.•Invented by Prof. Sachs in MIT, USA•Commercialized by Soligen Corp, USA under the name Direct Shell Production Casing.


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Features of RPM

• Direct Digital Control by CAD models combined with CAM.

• High degree of FLEXIBILITY.• Can be integrated with information process:

Non homogeneous, gradient and porosity• More Rapid and Less Overheads• Highly integrated compared to traditional NC



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Conclusions

This presentation is the first of the three part series. It deals with the introduction, principles, types and features of Rapid Prototyping and Modelling. It presents the existing technology and not the current research. The further presentations will contain the applications of RPM, the difficulties, new progress, developing trends and the possible areas of research in this dynamic, integrated, futuristic and cutting edge technology.



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ReferencesThese are the following set of non exhaustive sources of information for this presentation.

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_printing• Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing Technology:

Principle,Representative Technics, Applications, and Development Trends,TSINGHUA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ISSN 1007-0214 01/38 pp1-12 Volume 14, Number S1, June 2009

• http://www.padtinc.com/blog/the-rp-resource/rapid-prototyping-technology-animations for the gifs

• www.custompart.net• Marvel comics for the image of Lizard from the Amazing Spiderman series.• Google image repository and YouTube videos .


http://www.custompart.net/


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That’s all folks

Thank you Questions ?
