rajdhani power supply & load details

7/25/2019 Rajdhani Power Supply & Load Details

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19th June to 22nd June 2015

Rajdhani Express


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Rajdhani Express

15

Introduction: Rajdhani Express is a passenger train service,

ofered by the Indian Rai!ays, operating

bet!een "e! #ehi and other i$portant destinations, especiay

state capitas%

Rajdhani Express !as introduced in 19&9, 'or providing 'ast

connections (up to 1)0 *$+h or - $ph, speed variation depending

upon the particuar trac* section. 'ro$ "e! #ehi to the capita

cities o' various states in India% /he rst RajdhaniExpress e't "e!

#ehi station 'or o!rah station to cover a distance o' 1,))5 *$ in

1- hours 20 $inutes%

/his super'ast train service get highest priority on the Indianrai!ay net!or*% /hey are 'uy airconditioned% 3assengers are

served co$pi$entary $eas during the journey% #epending on the

duration and ti$ings o' the journey, these coud incude 4orning

/ea, brea*'ast, unch, high tea, and dinner%

3resenty the technoogy used in these trains has been obtained

'ro$ er$any, !ith each individua coach buit and exported by

6I"7E84:" ; ? (*no!n as the 6< coaches.%/he ne!est

coaches are said to be $anu'actured by a er$an co$pany:6>/84%

/his super'ast train service runs on eectric oco$otives dra!ing

po!er 'ro$ overhead 25 *@ ines !ith the hep o' 3antographs%

o!ever po!er reAuired 'or ighting, heating, air conditioning

purposes is generated using #iese enerator sets(*no!n as #%

sets., i$pe$enting E8(End on eneration. !ith t!o po!er cars

at the t!o ends o' the train%

: Rajdhani Express trains ofer three casses o' acco$$odationB:? irst ?ass !ith 2 or )berth oc*abe bedroo$s, :? 2tier !ith

open berths (bays o' ) berths C 2 berths on the other side o' the

corridor. !ith curtains 'or privacy, and :? Dtier (bays o' & berths C

2 berths on the side. !ith curtains 'or privacy (according to recent

directive the curtains in a D tier acco$$odations have been

re$oved.%

Power scheme in Rajdhani Express: /he entire po!er

reAuired 'or :?% syste$,


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Rajdhani Express

1&

ighting syste$, 3antry ?ar

po!er is deivered by the # sets estabished in the 3o!er

?ar% /he #% sets produce -50 @% D phase :?% po!er 'or o!

trans$ission oss% /he -50 @% :?% po!er then dropped do!n to

)15 @% D phase :?% po!er by t!o &0 7@:% trans'or$ers 'or t!o# sets% /his )15 @% :?% po!er go to $etering and contro

section% :ccording to origina er$an designing the

generated -50 @% :?% po!er go to t!o &0 7@:% trans'or$er by

t!o 'eeders 'ro$ t!o # sets% /hen the votage is dropped

do!n to )15 @% and trans$itted to the Roo' Extractor sets and

Radiator 4otor sets by one branch 'ro$ each trans'or$er

secondary and another t!o branches o' the t!o trans'or$ers

joined together and then suppies po!er to the other oads%

:ccording to the R? designing there are t!o &0 7@:% step

do!n trans'or$ers, connected !ith the -50 @% generated by

the t!o aternators by pri$ary side and the secondary o' the

trans'or$ers carrying )15 @% :?% are connected to the Roo'

Extractor sets and Radiator 4otor sets% 8ther branches 'ro$

the # sets carrying -50 @% :? are joined together and then

they are connected to a &0 7@:% trans'or$er% /he output o'

this trans'or$er, )15 @ :?% then trans$itted to the other

oads% "o! the )15 @% three phase :?% suppy is directyconnected to the R


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Rajdhani Express

1-

/he po!er sche$e o' the :? ot


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Rajdhani Express

1

#iese enerator (# . set (2 in each po!er car . co$prising

diese generator and an aternator couped together%ReactorInter @ehicuar couping (*no!n as > couper . bet!een

coaches%/rans'or$ers#isconnecting and Earthing #evice


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Rajdhani Express

19


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Rajdhani Express

20


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Rajdhani Express

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Alternator: /he aternator is couped !ith the diese

engine %Each po!er car has t!o aternators% /he aternator

specications are given beo!%

Specifcations o Alternator:

/he

votage

reAuired

'or usage

'or the

appiances in the coaches is )15 @%


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Rajdhani Express

22

DG set coupled with Alternator in the Power Car ofRajdhani Express

Inducti!e Reactor: /he po!er generated in an idea

aternator is totay sinusoida !ithout any un!anted surges

and other har$onics %8ny the pri$ary har$onics present in

the signa% :$ong the$ the odd order har$onics speciay the

Drd order har$onics can da$age the eectrica eAuip$ent

severey% /he reactor is used to re$ove these un!anted

signas and provide pure sinusoida signa%


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Rajdhani Express

2D

Reactor specifcations :

4a*er 7ER:6: E6E?/RI?:6:"# :66IE# E"% ?8%

6/#%@ots% 125 @%:$pere 50 :%reAuency3hase 1Insuation cass ?6:>> Insuation eve :? D

/ype o' cooing :"4ax% te$perature

rise

degree ?%

?ore and !inding &0 *g%/ota !eight 110 *g%

Inter" !ehicular coupling: /he po!er generated at the

po!er car aternator is suppied to the coaches via inter

vehicuar couping or > couping%/he xed trans$ission ines are not used in the suppy

syste$%


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Rajdhani Express

2)

Disconnecting and Earthing de!ice: hie $aintenance

a the ive suppies are to be re$oved and s!itched of% hie

starting the $aintenance the device disconnects a suppiesand a'ter the job co$petion the device connects the coach to

the suppy%

Disconnecting and Earthing Device

#atter$ %ox: =nder each coach there is a battery box% /his

is used 'or bac* up suppy to the coaches% Each box suppies

110@ #?% Each box contains 9 batteries and each battery

suppies 12%2 @ #?% /he batteries are charged by reguated

battery chargers (R


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Rajdhani Express

25

hen R


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Rajdhani Express

2&

coach there is one trans'or$er to suppy po!er (excuding

pantry cars !hich have three trans'or$ers 'or each coach.%

>pecication o' &0 7@:% /rans'or$erB

4a*er @i$a /rans'or$er

?orporationInput -50 @% :?%8utput @% :??apacity 7@:%reAuency 50 G%I$pendence O) K6ine :$p% )&%2 :%8utput D%2 :%eight O))0 *g%@ector connection My0@ector type 3ri$ary B >tar

>econdary B >tar

/here is a &0 7@:% trans'or$er in the 3o!er ?ar to step do!n the

produced -50 @% to )15 @% to run the bo!er 'ans%

/here is a trans'or$er under each coach !hich steps do!n the 2D0

@% (3hase to neutra. to 110 @% :?% 'or the Nuorescent a$ps in the

coaches%

/here are again step do!n trans'or$ers !hich trans'or$s 110 @%

:?% to 12 @% :?% /hen the 12 @% :?% is converted to 12 @% #?% 'or

charging the batteries%


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Rajdhani Express

2-

!" #$A% &ransfor'er under the coach !" #$A%

&ransfor'er in the Power Car

'ater Pumps: /he -50@ :? co$ing 'ro$ the aternators is

stepped do!n to D phase )15@ :? by the &0 7@: trans'or$er%

/his )15@ :? drives t!o centri'uga pu$ps ocated in a

stainess stee casing at the under 'ra$e suppy the !ater tothe tan*s% 8ne o' the )15 @ pu$ps is a!ays *ept running,

!hie the other is *ept on standby 'or ) hours $axi$u$% :'ter

) hours a $icrocontroer s!itches the operation to the other

pu$p% /hese

suppy !ater in the

coaches%


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Rajdhani Express

2

(ater Pu'ps set under the coach


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Rajdhani Express

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&he coach confguration o Sealdah" (ew Delhi

Rajdhani Express:

:$ost every Rajdhani Express ofers three casses o'

acco$$odation,

irst cass :? !ith 2 or ) berth oc*abe bedroo$s:? 2 tire !ith open berth !ith curtains 'or privacy:? D tire !ith curtains 'or privacy

/he Rajdhani Express contains 20 coaches in tota% /he

coaches are as beo!,

Coach (um%er o

coach

Coach no)

irst :? 1 1

:? /!o /ire D :1 H :D:? /hree /ire 12


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Rajdhani Express

D0

,in*e " -omann " #usch Coaches: 6in*e o'$ann


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Rajdhani Express

D1

the passenger co$part$ents o' Indian Rai!ays that have

been deveoped by 6in*eo'$ann


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Rajdhani Express

D2


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Rajdhani Express

DD

.irst Class AC coach:

/he train has ony one rst cass :? coach%

/his $ay contain 2 berths or D berths syste$%/he coach has controabe $usic syste$% /he announce$ent

and the $usic vou$e can be reguated in the rst cass

co$part$ent%/he rst cass coach does not have any botte cooer or

'reeGer%

AC &wo &ire and &hree &ire coachB

/he train has D :? 2 tier and 10 :? D tier coaches%

Each coach gets its o!n po!er suppy 'ro$ the trans'or$erbeo! the$%/he D tier (&C2 berth. and the 2 tier ()C2 berth. coaches

have their o!n controing and sa'ety units at the ends o' the

coaches%Each coach is provided !ith $usic syste$ and announce$ent

syste$ !hich is controed 'ro$ the panes at the end%Each coach has its o!n storage seection 'or 'ood and !ater%

or this purpose 2 deep 'reeGers, 2 botte cooers and 2 hot

cases are provided% /his unit is operated by the co$pressorsand the bo!er $otors o' its o!n $ounted beo! this unit%

(i. (ii.

(iii.

AC +i,irst +ii,&wo and +iii,&hree &ire coach

Pantr$ Car: /he pantry car is the coach to suppy 'ood to thepassengers and the staf $e$bers% /here are t!o pantry cars


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Rajdhani Express

D)

at the t!o ends o' the train a'ter the po!er cars% /he diferent

co$ponents o' the pantry car are given beo!%

E/uipment

Description

,oad

0'att1

2uantit$ &otal load

0'att1#eep reeGer,

2D0tr

)00 1 )00


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Rajdhani Express

D5

#ue to a these high rating eAuip$ents are housed in the

pantry car, it reAuires $ore eectric suppy than other

coaches%

#ue to the operation o' the heater,!ater boier and other high oading

ee$ents there are $uch $ore ris*

'or re haGards% /o dea !ith this

probe$ the Smo*e Detector is

*ept $ounted in the ceiing o' the

car connected !ith aar$ syste$%

/he s$o*e detector has a si$pe

ther$ostat s!itch that

auto$aticay s!itches on the

aar$ under critica conditions%

.'o/e Detector and Alar'


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Rajdhani Express

D&


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Rajdhani Express

D-

3arious Pantr$ Car E/uipments:

1% #eep reeGer 2%


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Rajdhani Express

D

:ppicationB Evaporator and ?ondenser%


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Rajdhani Express

D9


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Rajdhani Express

)0

Expansion principle: hen a gas expands !ithout externaheat exchange it te$perature 'as and !hen it is co$pressed!ithout externa heat exchange its te$perature decreases%

/he airconditioning syste$ adopted in airconditionedcoaches !or* on $echanica co$pression syste$ andconsists o' the 'oo!ing,

Evaporator unit consisting o' cooing coi(heat exchanger.,

heater and $otordriven bo!er unit%

/her$ostatic expansion vave% 4otordriven co$pressor%

:ir cooed condenser (!ith cooing 'an driven by $otor.

6iAuid receiver and dehydrator%

Re'rigerant piping 'or conveying the re'rigerant(R1D):.%

&he Rerigeration C$cle: : typica re'rigeration cyce in anairconditioned coach can be represented aso in a pressure

enthapy diagra$ as in gure% /he re'rigerant gas at o!

pressure (represented by point ?. is co$pressed to point #%/he co$pression process eevates the pressure 'ro$ D-

psi($axi$u$ )& psi. to 150 psi($axi$u$ 10 psi.% /he

co$pression o' the gas aso heats up the gas to a superheat

condition% /he gas at the co$pressor outet is superheat and

atent heat are re$oved at constant pressure , the re'rigerant

reaching the point : at the end o' this part o' the cyce% /he

ine :< represents the expansion that ta*es pace in the

expansion vave !hie the ine 8 specication aso ays do!n

that the eAuip$ent sha ad$it 'resh air at the rate o' 0%D5

$etro cube per $inute per passenger in the nons$o*ing

area and 0%- $eter cube per $inute per passenger in thecase o' co$part$ents !here s$o*ing is per$itted%


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Rajdhani Express

)1

Description o !arious components o Air "Conditioning

S$stem:

E!aporator unit: /he evaporator unit consists o' ather$ostatic expansion vave, a heat exchanger, a resistanceheating unit and a centri'uga bo!er driven by a $otor% /he'unction o' the ther$ostatic expansion vave is to ao! theco$pressed re'rigerant iAuid to expand to a o!er pressurecorresponding to the oad de$and% /he expanded re'rigerantpasses through a heat exchangerQ the heat in the air istrans'erred to the re'rigerant causing the cooing o' the airand the evaporation o' the re'rigerant inside the tubes% /hecooed air is ed through the ducting to the variousco$part$ents and difused by $eans o' air difusers% reshair is dra!n through ters to ei$inate dust and is $ixed !iththe return air in the penu$ on the inet side o' theevaporator% >i$iary, the return air ters so that the dustcontained air in the return air is extracted% hen the outsidea$bient is very o! and !hen the re'rigeration is not reAuired,the heater is s!itched on according to the setting o'ther$ostat%

Expansion !al!e: /he pri$ary 'unction o' the expansion

vaue is to contro the Auantity o' iAuid re'rigerant ad$ittedinto the cooing cois o' the evaporator%% /he expansion vavead$its $ore re'rigerant !hen the air conditioning oad ishigh, and reduces it to the $ini$u$ !hen the oad is o!%I'the airconditioning oad varies greaty the superheat $ay beset bet!een 1018 to 1508%

Compressor: /he re'rigerants vapour dra!n 'ro$ the

evaporator is co$pressed by $eans o' a $uti cyinderreciprocating co$pressor% /he !or* done due to co$pressionraises the te$perature o' the re'rigerant vapour%


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Rajdhani Express

)2

Condenser: /he condenser serves the 'unction o' extracting

the heat absorbed by the re'rigerant vapour in the evaporatorand the heat absorbed during the co$pression process% /hecondenser consists o' a heat exchanger, !hich is 'orcecooed

by $eans o' t!o or three axia No! bo!er 'ans% /here'rigerant vapour is cooed at constant pressure by $eans o'the air bo!n over the nned tubes and iAueed% /here'rigerant iAuid eaving the condenser is ed into the iAuidreceiver 'ro$ !here it proceeds to the expansion vave on theevaporator% /he iAuid receiver is a cyindrica container !hichcontains a reserve o' the re'rigerant iAuid% : dehydrator andter are aso provided to ensure that the re'rigerant is 'ree'ro$ $oisture and dust partices%

-igh Pressure cut"out: /he high pressure cutout is

essentiay a sa'ety device against buid up o' excessivedeivery pressure and protects the co$pressor and pipingsyste$ 'ro$ da$age% I t is a pressure operative s!itch !hichs!itches of the co$pressor drive $otor !hen the pressureexceeds a preset vave%

,ow Pressure cut"out: /his is aso a pressure operateds!itch si$iar to the high pressure cutout s!itch, but is shutsdo!n the co$pressor i' the suction pressure drops do!nbeo! 10 psi gauge% It protects the syste$ against unduy o!evaporator te$peratures and 'or$ation o' 'rost on theevaporator%

Deh$drator and .ilter: ater vapor or $oisture !i cause

troube in any re'rigeration syste$% /he $oisture $ay 'reeGeand boc* the expansion vave orice, and% aso causecorrosion in !or*ing parts% /his is best achieved by subjectingthe syste$ o' vacuu$ 'or 2 or D days% /he dehydrator isanother drying device containing>iica ge or other si$iar drying agent inserted in there'rigerant oad 'or re$oving $oisture 'ro$ the re'rigerant!hie in operation% It shoud be provided ateast te$perature!hen the instaation is brought into operation to re$ove any$oisture in the piping syste$%


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Rajdhani Express

)D

Rerigeration piping: /he re'rigerant piping consist o' the

suction ine('ro$ the evaporator outet to the co$pressorinet. and the discharge ine('ro$ the co$pressor outet to thecondenser inet., and iAuid ine('ro$ the iAuid receiver to the

inet side o' the expansion vave.% ?onnections to the gaugepane 'ro$ the co$pressor deivery side(high pressure side.,o! pressure side and 'ro$ the co$pressor cran*case, theubricating oi connections, are aso part o' the piping syste$,ony copper pipes are used 'or re'rigerant piping%

AC Control Panel: /he contro o' the airconditiong syste$ is

achieved by $eans o' :ir conditioning ?ontro 3ane%

AC Control Panel Components and their unctions:

E!aporator .an 5otor Pro!ing Rela$: /he prevents

energisation o' the co$pressor $otor and condenser $otor or

eater ti trio evaporator $otor (1&. co$es F8"F and bo!s

air into the duct through the evaporator coi% /his reay !or*s

in conjunction !ith a @one >!itchS provided in trio air circuit%

I' the evaporator bo!er $otor suppy 'ais or the $otor does

not run, the co$pressor $otor and the condenser

$otors+eater !i get s!itched T8F by this reay%

,ow 3oltage Rela$: /his !i trip to stop the co$pressor

$otor and

condenser $otors+heater, and prevent the$ 'ro$ starting by

cutting of the suppy to their contro circuit i' the votage o'

the battery is beo! 100 and reset !hen battery votage rises

to 102 @% /he reay is provides !ith a buidin ti$e deay ' 5

seconds, to avoid nuisance H tripping%

Cooling Pilot Rela$: :cts as an eectrica in* bet!een the

cooing ther$ostats and the contro circuit o' the co$pressor

and condenser% /his is energiGed by eectronic triggering set

of by heat ther$ostat%

-eating Pilot Rela$: :cts as an eectrica in* bet!een the

heating ther$ostats and the contro circuit o' heater% /his is

energiGed by eectronic triggering set of by ther$ostats%


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Rajdhani Express

))

5ain Control Switch: /his is the contro s!itch 'or starting

or shutting do!n the pant% /his has got provision to seectbo!er ony, 68, 4E#I=4 and I te$perature setting%

4il pressure Cut"out Switch: /his protect the co$pressoragainst ubrication 'aiure either due to esser oi oi pu$p'aiure or boc*ing o' oi piping, and acts in conjuction !ithther$a cutout to shut do!n the co$pressor ony i' the o!oi pressure persists%

,ow pressure cut out: : pressure s!itch to protect against

!or*ing o' co$pressor !ith o! suction pressure due to osso' reon gas or other reasons% /his s!itch has been connected

by $eans o' copper piping to the suction header o' theco$pressor%

-igh pressure cut out: : pressure s!itch to shut do!n the

co$pressor !hen co$pressor discharge pressure is too high%/he s!itch has been connected to the co$pressor dischargeheader by $eans o' copper piping%

Pilot lights: /hese ights indicate respectivey nor$acy oh

the $ains , bo!er 'an $otor, co$pressor $otor, heater andnor$a votage% Indications are no! by 6E#s%

Comparison o roo mounted A)C s$stem with

con!entional under rame -ung:

#asis o comparison

Roo mountedAC s$stem

6nder .rame-ung

eight 900 7g 2-007gInstaation /i$e ) rs ) daysRe'rigerant R22

$onochorodiaNuoro $ethane

R1D)a tetraNuoro ethane

?harge 6ess than D%0 *g 15 20 *g>yste$ design er$eticay

seaed

8pen


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Rajdhani Express

)5

Roo' ea*potentia

"i Enor$ous

3o!er suppy :?% "i#a$age due to

?atte run

"i eavy

#a$age due toNash Noods

"i eavy

3er'or$ance Exceent #eterioratesAuic*y due todust coectionunder coach

/echnoogy 6atest 8d and obsoeteater drop on "i 3assengers at

endresh air ro$ roo' /a*es 'ro$ toiet?apacity contro 25K100K 50 100K#o!n ti$e 'orrepairs

) hrs @ery ong repairreAuired

rajdhani power supply & load details

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