R210ASpiritual Formation

Called and Gifted

Lawrence Pascual

IPM

OutlineOutline

1.1. PrayerPrayer2.2. House CleaningHouse Cleaning3.3. Spirituality / Catholic HistorySpirituality / Catholic History4.4. Spirituality in ScriptureSpirituality in Scripture5.5. Christian Spirituality: BaptismChristian Spirituality: Baptism6.6. Vatican II’s teachingVatican II’s teaching

Because the “Called and Gifted” relies on VIIBecause the “Called and Gifted” relies on VII ““Called and Gifted”Called and Gifted”

Builds on Vatican IIBuilds on Vatican II

Course OverviewCourse Overview

This course will focus on the foundations that constitute the spiritual formation of a post-Vatican II Catholic faith through a study of scripture, liturgy, doctrine, and Church documents.

Course OverviewCourse Overview

The goal is for the students to articulate for themselves a personal spirituality in order to enable and empower them for their vocational ministry.

Class RequirementsClass Requirements

1.1. AttendanceAttendance2.2. ParticipationParticipation3.3. Critical-Analysis PaperCritical-Analysis Paper

Saturday, July 27thSaturday, July 27th

Class RequirementsClass Requirements

1. From what you’ve learned from class…

2. In your one paper, list in bullet-point 3 points that capture your attention (salient)

3. Pick one of those three points, and write a critical reflection on it.

NOT a simple summary NOT a prayer auto-biography

SampleSampleNAME

R210 A- Paper 1

La Purisima

Powerpoint 2

• To speak of Christian sacrifice is legitimate.

• The Council of Trent’s canons on the Eucharist reflect a good list of “what not to do.”

• “An integral liturgical theology of the Mass as sacrifice must always be framed in a sacramental context.

Critical Reflection Section… Single Space…Times New Roman, 12 size font. 1 Page.

SampleSample

1. Make an observation from the points1. Argue for it

Course OverviewCourse Overview

The purpose for keeping it at one page is to practice being concise and straight to the point. In ministry, those you serve (or work for) would

want exactly just that… For a sample, see:

www.R210A.weebly.com

Course TopicsCourse Topics

Called and Gifted The Image of God Scripture and Revelation Gospel-Based Morality Catholic Social Teaching Christian Prayer and Worship

CALLED AND GIFTEDEnd of Paper work…

Goal

Spirituality is NOT “one size fits all.” Explore the meaning of spirituality in general, scripture, sacraments, and recent Church documents as means to further contextualize and apply Christian Spirituality in our lives

What is spirituality?

To live according to the spirit In the Christian context, it is to live according

to the Spirit of Christ Life in Christ

What is spirituality?

People typically think spirituality deals with the interior or inner life It has to do with the inside

BUT for Christians deals with both the inner and exterior life Our actions (outer) reflect our inner life Exterior actions express our Inner beliefs

Inner life Outer life

What is spirituality?

Theology Spirituality Spirituality is reflection/expression of one’s

theology Simply, the focus/desire is union with God

Spiritual Formation

“Called and Gifted” by virtue of our Baptism (and Confirmation) Trinity: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit Vocation (call) to holiness Gifts of the Spirit

Spiritual Formation

What does it mean to say “Called and Gifted by virtue of our Baptism”? Where does this quote come from? And how did they come up with this phrase? How is this a model for our spirituality?

Spirituality and theology?

If spirituality is living our theology, then we ought to consider some “basic” principles about doing theology.

Guiding Principles

Lex Orandi, Lex Credendi, Lex Vivendi Every Theology has a Sociology

Principle 1: Lex Orandi, Lex Credendi The liturgical adage of studying liturgy,

applicable for religious studies (and theology).

Means “The Law of prayer dictates the law of belief”

OR “What we pray is what we believe.”

+ Lex Vivendi

Kevin Irwin adds “Lex vivendi” to the adage Lex Orandi, Lex Credendi, Lex Vivendi

Loosely means: What we PRAY is what we BELIEVE and

therefore what we LIVE. Application: To know and understand what

we believe, we look at what we pray.

Principle 2: Theology has a sociology How one understands their faith is heavily

influenced by their sociology: their history, culture, society, philosophy et al.

Application: In doing theology, we need to consider our social location. We also need to consider where our theology comes from. We don’t want to make naïve assumptions…

Theology is never done in a vacuum

Theology has a Sociology

Three over-simplified Periods of Theology The Early Church The Medieval Church The Vatican II Church

The Early Church

Christianity shifts from A Judaic culture into a Greco-

Roman context Christian Centers: The City Prevalent philosophy: Neo-

Platonism

The Medieval Church

Germanic Conversions, Fall of Roman Empire Dark Ages Education focused into

Monasteries, then to Universities Prevalent Philosophy:

Scholasticism Aristotle becomes popular

Post-Trent/ Pre-Vatican Church Protestant Reformation The Enlightenment “Modernity” Nationalism “Scientific Worldview” Public Education Catholic Entrenchment (isolationism)

Neo-Scholasticism

Vatican II Church

Post-Colonial Globalization Post-World War/Cold War “Postmodern” Religious Pluralism Secularism

What you should be aware of…Each period had a “theological model”

Neo Platonism

Thomas Aquinas/Aristotelian

Enlightenment

Please note this is overly-simplified…

Theological ModelVarious

Influenced by:Historical-Critical

(Kant)

Theological ModelNeo-Scholasticism

Influenced by: Scholasticism

(St. Thomas Aquinas)

Theological ModelSt. Thomas Aquinas

Influenced by:Aristotelianism

(Aristotle)

Theological ModelSt. Augustine

Influenced by:Neo-Platonism

(Plato)

0 500 1000 1500 1960s present

Theology has a SociologyEARLY CHURCH

Vatican IIVatican IISimplified Church Periods1. Early Church2. Medieval Church3. Post-Trent4. Vatican II

Medieval Church

Post-Trent/Pre-Vatican

A Side-note about Catholic theology in history The typical position of Catholicism is rarely

an “either, or” but a “both, and.” Catholic Theology has often avoided an

extreme position by settling for the more balance position. The typical guiding principle is “faith and reason.”

“Either, Or” vs. “Both, And”

Scripture, Tradition Scripture comes from the Tradition

Grace, Nature Graced nature

Faith, Reason Reason is harmonious with Faith.

Law, Gospel Law inspired by the Gospel

Faith, works Faith issues works, works expresses faith

Unity, Diversity Unity in Diversity

Authority, Freedom (authority in justice of freedom)

Important Lesson

As ‘theologians’ (people trying to make sense of our faith), we must know our context…

In our case, it is the Vatican II Church…

The Vatican II Church

The Road to the present!

The Siege Mentality after the Council of Trent The Protestant Reformation The Enlightenment The Church Response: Neo-Scholasticism

Thomas Aquinas (not really) Silencing of ‘progressive’ Theologians

The Currents within the Church The Biblical Movement

Use of the sciences (especially archaeology and history) to study the bible

The Liturgical Movement Use of the sciences to discover the history and

tradition of the liturgy

The Dawn of Vatican II

The Catholic Situation “The Golden Age” (not really) The Church talking to itself (isolationism) The emerging movements

John XXIII Aggiornmento Ad intra, Ad extra

Implications

Are we giving Medieval Answers for Modern Questions?

Reflection and Discussion

How aware were you about the understanding that “theology has a sociology”? How much has it impacted you? Us?

For your personal spirituality, how much of it do you think is “pre-Vatican”?

What is something new that you learned which you can apply in your ministry?

BREAK

CALLED AND GIFTED

“Called and Gifted by Virtue of our Baptism”

This quote/understanding reflected by the USCCB is based from a theological understanding of Baptism as envisioned by Vatican II.

Question: What did Vatican II say about ministry and Baptism?

Method of study

1. Spirituality in Scripture

2. Christian Spirituality: Baptism

3. Vatican II’s teaching Because the “Called and Gifted” relies on VII

“Called and Gifted” Builds on Vatican II

Spirituality in Scripture: Discipleship Christian Spirituality is living according to the

Spirit of Christ It is an imitation of Christ

Discipleship Disciple = “To follow” We follow Christ, we learn from Christ

Spirituality in Scripture: Discipleship1. Jesus calls his disciples ((Mk 1:17; 2:14)

2. Jesus is inclusive (Mk 2:16; Lk 8:2)

3. Jesus demands radical change/metanoia (Lk 5:11; Mk 2:14)

4. Jesus ministers1. Do as Jesus does

5. Jesus loves (Jn 15:12-13)

Jesus Calls His Disciples

“Jesus said to them, ‘Come after me, and I will make you fishers of men.’ (Mk 1:17 NAB)

“As [Jesus] passed by, he was Levi, son of Alphaeus, sitting at the customs post. He said to him, ‘Follow me.’ (Mk 2:13 NAB)

Jesus is Inclusive

“Some scribes who were Pharisees saw that he was eating with sinners and tax collectors and said to his disciples, ‘Why does [Jesus] eat with tax collectors and sinners?’” (Mk 2:16 NAB)

“Accompanying [Jesus] were the Twelve and some women who had been cured of evil spirits and infirmities…” (Lk 8:1-2 NAB)

Jesus demands radical change of heart (metanoia)“When they brought their boats to the shore, they left everything and followed [Jesus]” (Lk 5:11 NAB)

“[Jesus] said to him, ‘Follow me.’ And [Levi] got up (left the customs post) and followed him.” (Mk 2:14 NAB)

Jesus ministers

“[Jesus] summoned the Twelve and began to send them out two by two and gave them authority over unclean spirits (Mk 6:7-13 NAB)

“A scribe approached and said to [Jesus], ‘Teacher, I will follow you wherever you go.’ Jesus answered him, ‘Foxes have dens and birds of the sky have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to rest his head.” (Mt 8:20 NAB)

Jesus Loves

“This is my commandment: love one another as I love you. No one has greater love than this, to lay down one’s life for one’s friends.” (Jn 15:12 NAB)

Baptism: Beginning of the Spiritual Life*From MATTHEW 3:16-17

[16] After Jesus was baptized, he came up from the water and behold,

the heavens were opened (for him),

and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove (and) coming upon him.

[17] And a voice came from the heavens, saying, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.”

Baptism: Beginning of the Spiritual Life**From ROMAN 6:3-5 (A letter from St. Paul to the Romans)[3] Or are you unaware that we who were baptized into Christ Jesus

were baptized into his death?[4] We were indeed buried with him through baptism into death, so

that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might live in newness of life.

[5] For if we have grown into union with him through a death like his, we shall also be united with him in the resurrection.

[6] We know that our old self was crucified with him, so that our sinful body might be done away with, that we might no longer be in slavery to sin.

[7] For a dead person has been absolved from sin.[8] If, then, we have died with Christ, we believe that we shall also

live with him.

Sign, Ecclesial Effect, Spiritual Effect Sign: Water Ecclesial Effect: Initiation into the Church Spiritual Effect: Cleansing of Sins

Christian Initiation, 1973

“Baptism is… first of all the sacrament of that faith by which men and women, enlightened by grace of the Holy Spirit, respond to the gospel of Christ.” (3)

Christian Initiation, 1973

“When people are baptized, they share sacramentally in Christ’s death, they are buried with him and lie dead, they are brought back to life with him and rise with him.” (6)

Apostolic Constitution on the Sacrament of Confirmation, 1971 “The faithful are born anew by baptism,

strengthened by the sacrament of confirmation, and finally are sustained by the food of eternal life in the eucharist.”

Conclusion of Baptism

Baptism’s purpose is the acceptance of life in God through Christ in the expression of sacramental faith.

“Christian baptism is a participation in Jesus’ baptism, and an initiation into his mission.” (McBrien 816)

Vatican II

Ad Intra, Ad Extra Apostolate Decree on the Laity Lumen Gentium

Apostolate Decree on the Laity(Apostolicam actuositatem)The laity are full members of the People of God

and, as such, share directly in the mission of the Church, not simply by leave of the hierarchy but “from their union with Christ their head.” (cf. 3)

Dogmatic Constitution on the Church(Lumen Gentium) “Gathered together in the People of God and

established in the one Body of Christ under one head, the laity – no matter who they are – have, as living members, the vocation of applying to the building up of the Church and to its continual sanctification all the powers which they have received from the goodness of the Creator and from the grace of the Redeemer.” (33)

Dogmatic Constitution on the Church(Lumen Gentium) “…all in the Church, whether they belong to

the hierarchy or are cared for by it, are called to holiness…” (39)

Dogmatic Constitution on the Church(Lumen Gentium) “The forms and tasks of life are many but

holiness is one… Each one, however, according to his own gifts and duties must steadfastly advance along the way of a living faith, which arouses hope and works through love.” (41)

Apostolate Decree on the Laity(Apostolicam actuositatem)“Incorporated into Christ’s Mystical Body

through baptism and strengthened by the power of the Holy Spirit through confirmation, they are assigned to the apostolate by the Lord himself.” (no. 3)

Apostolate Decree on the Laity(Apostolicam actuositatem)This apostolate (mission) is located principally,

but not exclusively, in the temporal order: the world of family, culture, economic affairs, the arts and professions, political institutions, and so forth. (cf. 6).

(Basically, the Church happens where the people happen: the laity.)

Dogmatic Constitution on the Church(Lumen Gentium) “…all Christians, in the conditions, duties and

circumstances of their life and through all these, will sanctify themselves more and more if they receive all things with faith from the hand of the heavenly Father and cooperate with the divine will, thus showing forth in that temporal service the love with which God has loved the world.” (41)

Dogmatic Constitution on the Church(Lumen Gentium) “The forms and tasks of life are many but

holiness is one… Each one, however, according to his own gifts and duties must steadfastly advance along the way of a living faith, which arouses hope and works through love.” (41)

Vatican IIPoints The Church is called to holiness Laity are full members of the Church called to

the mission (apostolate) of Christ Spirituality is NOT “one size fits all”

Imitation of Christ depends on state of life, job, location, and etc.

Called and Gifted

Document from the United States Catholic Council of Bishops (USCCB)

Originally written 1984, the USCCB has updated this with a new reflection

Key point: The Four Calls by Duty of Baptism To holiness To community To mission and ministry To Christian Maturity

Reflection Questions

How does the message of Vatican II “spirituality” touch you today? Or, what does Called and Gifted by virtue of your

baptism mean for you? How do you define your own spirituality in this context?

Do you recognize your Baptismal Call in your ministry?