QUIZ # 1

Living things: CELL, DNA, RNA, ANCESTERS, EVOLUTION, DIVERSITY

Biosphere is the unique global ecosystem in which all other ecosystem exists

Biome is a large area within specific climate regions

Ecosystem is all the living communities plus the abiotic elements in a given area

Sustain live: H20, ENERGY (SUN) ORGANIC (CHONPS)

Taxonomical classification all living organisms are either plants or animals

QUIZ # 2

What type of reasoning is used when a scientist tests a hypothesis and draws a conclusion? Deductive

An atom tends to LOSE electrons if it has an outer shell needing many electrons to be complete

In the formation of salt, the Chlorine atom gains an electron from the sodium

Atoms that have lost or gained electrons are attracted to opposite electrical charges and form IONIC BONDS

Water is POLAR different charges

Ice is less dense than liquid due to hydrogen bonds

Nonpolar molecules can be described as hydrophobic.

H+ = acid

H2O stick to each other cause of hydrogen bonds cohesion adhesion/ solvent/ ionization oh- oh+

QUIZ# 3

CARBON-HYDROGEN-OXYGEN-NITROGEN-PHOSPHOROUS-SULFUR

Easily interaction with water = CH3OH

Protein- amino acids- enzymes, structural signals

Carbs-glucose -storage, energy, structural, cellulose, chitin, glycogen

Nucleic acid DNA RNA-Nucleotides-genetic code of life

Lipids-no true glycerol, fatty - stores energy, hormones, membrane

A long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bond is a polypeptide

Phospholipids and cholesterol play a key role in the structure of: cell membrane

Liver rich in stored sugars= glycogen

Lipid based drug not diluted with H2O because: most lipid are nonpolar covalent

Triglycerides= A glycerol bonded to three fatty acids

Saturated fatty acid= A fatty acid that carries as many hydrogen atoms as possible

Oxytocin= short amino acid= peptide

QUIZ # 4

Which domain of life contains prokaryotic cells? Bacteria and archaeans

Nucleus control center/ ribosome- protein synthesis/ plasma membrane- regulation in or out/ Rough ER- transport- contains ribosome/ golgee apparatus- modifies proteins/ Vesicle- transport protein to the membrane/ microtubules- guide the vesicles/ cytoplasm-where all activities takes place/ Chloroplast-pigment capture photons/ mitochondria- transform energy-respiration

When a solution has a higher concentration of solute than another it is called: hypertonic.

Movement of substances against a concentration gradient: cell uses energy.

Precursors to eukaryotic cells= Chloroplasts and mitochondria

Damage ribosome= impaired energy processing

Light reactions= ATP- NADPH, O2

6 carbon dioxide into Glucose.

Use light or chemical energy to provide energy= Autotrophs

QUIZ # 5

ATP is best characterized as Adenosine triphosphate, a nucleotide with high energy bonds.

When ATP is used in living cells, the bond of the last phosphate group is broken and Energy is released.

Plan productivity depends upon plants taking in Carbon dioxide and H2O and producing glucose, trapping solar energy. How would you describe this reaction? Anabolic endergonic.

Substrate, enzyme, product= fat, lipase, glycerol, fatty acid.

Photosynthesis: Solar energy is used to synthesize glucose molecules using water and carbon dioxide with generation of oxygen as a byproduct.

Cellular respiration= 1 Glycolysis, 2 krebs cycle, 3 electron transport chain.

Aerobic cellular respiration= 30-38 ATP per glucose when oxygen is present

Gas product of the breakdown of sugar= Carbon dioxide

What is the link between water and the electron transport chain? Water is produced during the electron transport chain.

Fermentation in muscles= Lactic acid

How then is NADH oxidized to recycle NAD+? A pyruvate derivative terminal electron acceptor is converted to alcohol.