Upload File

quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfquiz 1! last lecture!! friday...

  • Home
  • Documents
  • Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force
35
Quiz 1

Upload: dinhlien

Post on 18-Aug-2018

215 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

Report

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Quiz 1!

Page 2: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Last Lecture!!

Friday 11/20 at Yale!Monday 11/23 at Harvard !

Page 3: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force
Page 4: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Search!(Solving problems with brute-force approaches)!

Page 5: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Boston!

San!Francisco!

Page 6: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Boston!

San!Francisco!

New York!

Miami!

Chicago!

Page 7: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Boston!

San!Francisco!

New York!

Miami!

Chicago!

Nashville!

Austin!

Denver!

Phoenix!

Page 8: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Search Trees!Boston!

New York! Miami!Chicago!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!Nashville!Denver! Nashville!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!

San!Francisco!

Page 9: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Search Trees!Boston!

New York! Miami!Chicago!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!Nashville!Denver! Nashville!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!

San!Francisco!

Metric: Distance!

Page 10: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Search Trees!Boston!

New York! Miami!Chicago!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!Nashville!Denver! Nashville!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!

San!Francisco!

Metric: Cost!

Page 11: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Search Trees!Boston!

New York! Miami!Chicago!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!Nashville!Denver! Nashville!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!

San!Francisco!

Phoenix!

Austin!

San!Francisco!

Metric: Best Food Options!

Page 12: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Adversarial Search!(how to play games and make it look like research)!

Page 13: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

X! X!X!X! X! X!

X! X! X!

O!X!

O!X!

O!X! O! X! X! O! X!

O!X!O!

X!O!

X!O! X!

X!O! X! O! X! X! O! X!

X!O! X!

X!

X!O! X!

O! X!O! X!

X!O! X! O!

X!O! X!O!

X!O! X!

O!

O! X!O! X!

X!O! X!

O!

O! X!X!

X plays!

X plays!

O plays!

O plays!

Page 14: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Minimax Strategy:!!

Choose the move which leaves your opponent with the worst set of possibilities!

Page 15: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Minimax Algorithm!Generate the entire game tree

Evaluate each terminal node (high values are good for your side)

Filter values from the terminal nodes up through the tree:

At nodes controlled by your opponent, choose the minimum value of the children

At nodes controlled by you, choose the maximum value of the children

When you reach the top of the tree, you have an optimal solution

Page 16: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Minimax!

8! 7! 2! 9! 1! 6! 2! 4! 1! 1! 3! 5! 3! 9! 2! 6! 5! 2! 1! 3!2! 9! 7! 2! 11! 6! 4!

8!

MAX!

MIN! MIN!

MAX! MAX!9! 4! 5! 9! 6! 3! 9! 11!

4! 5! 3!

5!

Page 17: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Tic-Tac-Toe!

Page 18: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

https://xkcd.com/832/!

Page 19: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

What happens when we cannot compute the complete tree?!

Page 20: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Evaluation Function!

Page 21: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

The alpha-beta principle!!

If you have an idea that is bad, !don’t waste time seeing how truly awful it is!

Page 22: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Minimax with Alpha-Beta!

8! 7! 2! 9! 1! 6! 2! 4! 1! 1! 3! 5! 3! 9! 2! 6! 5! 2! 1! 3!2! 9! 7! 2! 11! 6! 4!

≥8!=8!

≤8!

≥9! ≥2!

=5!

≥4!

=4!

=4!≥4! ≥6!≥9!≥3!

≤5!

=5!≥3!≥1!

≤3!

=5!

=3!≥2!≥1!

≥5!MAX!

MIN! MIN!

MAX! MAX!

In this example, only 16 out of 27 terminal states are evaluated!

Page 23: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Game Complexity!Board !Size!

Branching Factor!

Number of Leaves! First Machine Champion!

Tic-Tac-Toe! 3x3! 4! 10^5! -- trivial --!

Connect-4! 6x7! 4! 10^21! -- solved --!

Checkers! 8x8 (halved)! 2.8! 10^31! Chinook defeats !Marion Tinsley (1992)!

Chess! 8x8! 35! 10^123! Deep Blue defeats !Garry Kasparov (1995)!

Go! 19x19! 250! 10^360! none!

Page 24: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Traditional Board Games!

Perfect information !

Static environment!

Discrete action space!

Deterministic actions !

Page 25: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Beyond Board Games!

Page 26: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force
Page 27: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

doi:10.1038/nature14236!

Page 28: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Modern AI Opponents!

Page 29: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force
Page 30: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

4X Computer Games!

Limited information !

Dynamic environment!

Discrete action space!

Deterministic actions !

!

Page 31: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force
Page 32: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

First-Person Computer Games!

Limited information !

Dynamic environment!

Continuous action space!

Sometimes Stochastic actions !

!

Page 33: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Robotics!

Limited information !

Dynamic environment!

Continuous action space!

Stochastic actions !

!

Page 34: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Robotics & Game Playing Agent Architectures!

Page 35: Quiz 1 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/lectures/11/m/week11m.pdfQuiz 1! Last Lecture!! Friday 11/20 at Yale! Monday 11/23 at Harvard ! Search! (Solving problems with brute-force

Baxter!


lecture11 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2017/fall/lectures/11/lecture11.pdf · demand Model Database. WS. etc, request HTrp, etc. Controller data response HTML. Rss. XML, JSON,etc. View

Building Applicaons in C#cdn.cs50.net/2011/fall/seminars/C_sharp/C_sharp.pdf · • Allows applicaons to run in separate virtual environments, eliminang conflicts with other applicaons

Problem Set 1: C - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/psets/1/pset1/pset1.pdf · Problem Set 1: C 4 • Failing to cite (as with comments) the origins of code or techniques that you

[email protected] David J. Malan …cdn.cs50.net/games/2018/spring/lectures/1/lecture1.pdfOptional Reading, ftw How to Make an RPG, by Dan Schuller Game Programming Patterns, by Robert

Hexadecimal - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2017/fall/shorts/hexadecimal/hexadecimal.pdf · Hexadecimal •The hexadecimal system, aka base-16, is a much more concise way to express the

Stacks (Data Structure)cdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/sections/7/stacks/stacks.pdf · Stacks (Data Structure) •A stack is a special type of structure that can be used to maintain data in

Problem Set 3: Breakout - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2014/fall/psets/3/pset3/pset3.pdfProblem Set 3: Breakout This is CS50. Harvard University. Fall 2014. ... Ultimately, confirm that

What is a framework?cdn.cs50.net/2012/fall/seminars/kohana/kohana.pdfAn architecture for your project (e.g. MVC) ! Embodies a set of procedures, rules, and practices ! “Inversion

Let’s make an App!cdn.cs50.net/2014/fall/seminars/apps_with_objective_c/apps_with... · Object-Oriented Programming. What is an object? • It’s like a struct, but better ;) •

Developing*Amazing*Web*Apps* with*Ruby*on*Rails*cdn.cs50.net/2014/fall/seminars/ruby_on_rails/ruby_on_rails.pdf · Developing*Amazing*Web*Apps* with*Ruby*on*Rails* Gabriel*Guimaraes*‘17

lecture2 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2017/fall/lectures/2/lecture2.pdf · 01111111 01000101 01001100 01000110 00000010 00000001 00000001 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

This is CS50.cdn.cs50.net/2012/fall/lectures/6/week6m.pdf · In a room of n CS50 students, what’s the probability that at least 2 students have the same birthday?

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)cdn.cs50.net/2017/fall/shorts/tcp/tcp.pdf · Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) •If the Internet Protocol (IP) is thought of as the protocol

GET A JOB!cdn.cs50.net/2011/fall/seminars/techIndustry/techIndustry.pdfResumés Tailor your resumé to the job or internship for which you are applying. Don’t exaggerate; be prepared

Remembrance of Data Passed: A Study of Disk Sanitization ...cdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/psets/4/garfinkel.pdf · GARFINKEL AND ABHI SHELAT Massachusetts Institute of Technology Remembrance

GD50 Lecture 4: Super Mario Bros. - cdn.cs50.netLecture 4: Super Mario Bros. Colton Ogden [email protected] David J. Malan [email protected] Tile Maps 2D Animation Procedural

[email protected] David J. Malan [email protected] ...cdn.cs50.net/games/2018/spring/lectures/0/lecture0.pdf · Angry Birds Pokémon Helicopter Game 3D Dreadhalls Portal Lectures

ProblemSet#4:#Sudoku#cdn.cs50.net/2009/fall/psets/4/hacker4.pdf · This%is%CS#50.% Harvard#CollegeFall2009% 1

Week 10 - cdn.cs50.net · click mousedown mouseup mouseover drag keypress load unload change submit focus touchmove

Merge Sort - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/fall/sections/4/merge_sort/merge_sort.pdf · Merge Sort •In merge sort, the idea of the algorithm is to sort smaller arrays and then combine

This is CS50.cdn.cs50.net/2012/fall/lectures/2/week2w.pdf · @SUB ANY VI Translating Google Earth into Spanish Videos I Menu to a to that save mave to line. to 0013 my is y yo soy

day 10 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/mba/classes/10/day10.pdf · day 10. mobile development day 11, day 12. I'm still struggling to understand the concept of a callback function

day 11 - cdn.cs50.net · day 11. mobile development day 11. online advertising day 12. choosing a technology stack day 13. betanews.com. Can you spend a few minutes going more high

Internet - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/cscie1a/2017/fall/lectures/internet/internet.pdf · your stuff safe. Properties IPv4 address: ... COMCAST DOCS'S 30 Residential Gateway+ Router

week 9 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2014/fall/lectures/9/m/week9m.pdf · Myo Gesture Control Armband! Leap Motion Controller! hardware Philips hue bulbs! Google Glass! Arduino Uno!

Quiz*0* - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2014/fall/quizzes/0/quiz0.pdf · Quiz*0* out*of*75*points* * ... Theo%Levine% Tiffany%Wu% Tim%McLaughlin% Tomas%Reimers% Tony%Ho% Vipul%Shekhawat%

Week 6 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2007/fall/lectures/6/week6.pdf · Week 6. Title: Microsoft PowerPoint - week6.ppt Created Date: 11/5/2007 6:48:45 PM

Table of Contents Day 8 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/mba/classes/8/notes8/notes8.pdf · # don't let user register ... we don’t have to worry about ... # And Incognito Mode is

This is CS50 - cdn.cs50.net

Data Analysis in R - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2014/fall/seminars/data_analysis_r/data_analysis_r.pdf · • The biggest bottleneck in data analysis is cognitive. • You need tools

Continuous Integration - cdn.cs50.net · Travis CI travis-ci.com Anna Nagy [email protected] || @acnagy Continuous Integration & Why You Care

Table of Contents Day 11 - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2015/mba/classes/11/notes11/notes11.pdf · • Day 11 will be mobile development, day 12 will be online advertising with Dan Armendariz,

Search and browse super powers - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2011/fall/seminars/intro_to_Solr/intro_to_Solr.pdfSearch and browse super powers an introduction to Solr ... • The php files

jquery.pdf - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net/2012/fall/seminars/jquery/jquery.pdfWHAT IS JQUERY? SELECTORS MANIPULATION EFFECTS EVENTS AJAX j Query by Vipul Shekhawat Use the left and right

Binary Search - cdn.cs50.netcdn.cs50.net › 2017 › fall › shorts › binary_search › binary_search.pdf · Binary Search 11 23 8 14 30 9 6 17 22 28 25 15 7 10 19 In pseudocode: