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Quivira Notes

Quivira Chapter , SFTA

Leo Oliva Will Discuss “What Did They

Eat on the Santa Fe Trail”

April 2014 Don’t

Forget!

Next meeting

Monday

April 28, 2014

7:30pm

Barton County

Historical Society

85 S. Hwy. 281

Great Bend, KS

Don’t forget

your 2014 Dues!

Well, it looks like winter has finally given up so it is time for a new season

on the Santa Fe Trail! Join the Quivira Chapter and the Barton County

Historical Society as we join together to welcome Leo Oliva. Leo will pre-

sent “What Did They Eat on the Santa Fe Trail?” at the Barton County His-

torical Society Museum on April 28th at 7:30p.m. Everyone who traveled

down the Santa Fe Trail had one thing in common—they all had to eat. Leo

will explore the culinary tastes of the men and woman who traveled the

Trail. Using the traveler’s own words and sometimes colorful descriptions,

Leo will relate the preparation process, the foods

they ate and the whole dining experience.

Leo Oliva is a former Professor of History at Fort

Hays State University. He is an author, editor and

a founding member of the Santa Fe Trail Associa-

tion. He is a frequent lecturer and current manager

of the Cheyenne and Sioux village site in Ness

County.

The event is free and open to the public so bring your friends!

Membership Information

Annual Membership in the

Quivira Chapter:

Individual or Family: $10 /yr

Annual Membership in the

SFTA:

Individual: $25/yr

Family: $30 /yr

For more information:

Call 620-241-8719 or

Email [email protected]

Join us on Facebook!

Quivira Chapter of the Santa Fe

Trail Association

Celebrate Cinco De Mayo with the

Traveling Trunks in Lyons

In honor of Cinco De Mayo, the Quivira Chapter will bring Fort Larned

Ranger Ellen Jones and the Traveling Trunk program to Lyons! Ranger

Ellen will present El Hombre, will tells the story of Julio, who travels with

his merchant father from Santa Fe to the railroad heading at Hays City,

Kansas in 1868. The Fort Larned National Historic Site sponsors the Traveling

Trunks Program . Each program has a trunk of 19th century vintage accompanied

by a story related to the artifacts contained in the trunk. Each story relates to the

Santa Fe Trail.

The program will be presented at the Coronado Quivira Museum, 105 West

Lyon Street, Lyons, KS. Three times are available:

●9:30 A.M. ●11:00 A.M. ●1:00 P.M.

The event is free and open to everyone. For more information contact the Coro-

nado Quivira Museum: Phone: (620) 257-3941 or [email protected]

QUIVIRA NOTES PAGE 2

Chapter Business President Linda Colle

Your president got off to a slow start this year due to a variety of issues so the Chapter is still in the proc-

ess of collecting membership for 2014. A big Thank You to those of you that paid your dues already!

Elections

Per our by-laws, the Quivira Chapter is required to have a business meeting in the first quarter of

each year. The business meeting generally includes elections. In the interest of getting more people

involved, I contacted seven members by email to see if they would be interested in serving as an officer

or board member. Four folks declined and I didn’t hear back from the other three. All of the current

officers and board members were contacted and they agreed once again to serve.

The 2014 slate of officers and board members are:

President Linda Colle

Vice Pres./Sec. Lorna Nelson

Treasurer Maurine Hall

Rice Co. Director #1 Pat Hall

Rice Co. Director #2 Janel Cook

McPherson Co Director #1 Britt Colle

McPherson Co. Director #2 John Martin

Barton Co. Director #1 Robert Button

Barton Co Director #2 Robert Yarmer

All paid members or life members are eligible to vote. I have included a voting post card and envelope.

You can mail your dues (if you have not already) and the voting card in and we will consider the elec-

tion complete.

Chapter Business

We originally had planned on March 16th for the dedication of the McPherson Museum Kiosk and the

Auto Tour. However, there have been some personnel changes and delays in the exhibits at the mu-

seum. We thought that it would better for everyone if we delayed the dedication until the museum

was in a better position with the exhibits. We are still working with the museum to develop their ex-

hibit on the Santa Fe Trail in the McPherson area. We also hope to sponsor a program about the Kaw

Nation in McPherson. We would like to commemorate the Kaw Peace Treaty, which occurred near

Elyria in McPherson County Kansas in August, 1825. This program is still in the planning stages but

will most probably occur in late summer or the fall.

Your president has made contact with a Kerry Dobbins, a history professor at McPherson College to

create a historical game for the Santa Fe Trail. The hope is that through this game, we will promote

interest in history and the Santa Fe Trail to younger people. The game is targeted for 4th—8th grades

and will help them learn about the Trail. A second type of game will be developed to target adults who

already know about the Trail. We hope that this is the start of a fun way to promote and educate

about the Trail so we can roll it out to others in the SFTA and beyond.

Your president has also met with the director and curator of the Coronado Quivira Museum in Lyons,

Kansas to discuss the potential for the Santa Fe Trail exhibit. The musem is very excited to revive

their SFTA exhibit. We are assisting them on a panel for the Chavez wagon box. We are also going to

make the panels bilingual to appeal to Hispanic visitors as well. We hope to have the panels in place

for the Rendezvous in late September when the SFTA will visit the museum and Chavez site.


Chapter Business, continued

when the SFTA will visit the museum and Chavez site.

The Chapter is in the process of documenting the tour stops to coordinate with the National Park Ser-

vice media tour for the Quivira Chapter sites. This site will allow people to visit sites in our area ei-

ther by internet or there will also be a phone number that can be called to listen to an audio descrip-

tion of the site. The Chapter has identified the following sites as areas that need signage. These sites

have not yet been but have been identified as high potential placement sites for further interpretation

of the SFNHT through interpretive wayside exhibit(s):

o Great Bend DAR Marker Park;

o Ralph’s Ruts

o Kaw Treaty Site Interpretation of event with Sibley, 1825

o Little Arkansas River Crossing Complex (Includes several sites on the National Registry)

To give you an idea, the three panels at the McPherson Museum were over $1,500. That does not in-

clude the cost of the hardware to for the signs. So these signs are not cheap and require some plan-

ning. In addition to the sites listed above, Linda Andersen and the Galva Historical Association are

working on a sign for the Turkey Creek Crossing /Fuller’s Ranch area.

Your president is also excited to announce that the Quivira Chapter will host the first Santa Fe Trail

Youth Expo on October 4th, 2014. This event will bring together the central Kansas youth groups of

the Boy Scouts, the Girl Scouts and 4-H. We are targeting 200 kids for this event. Taking the lead for

the Santa Fe Trail Youth Expo will be the Quivira Chapter of the Santa Fe Trail Association, with

help, and support from the Cottonwood Crossing Chapter, as well. The day-long event will focus on the

history of the Santa Fe Trail, the people who used it and it’s development into the communities that

are presently located along it. An overview of the historic Santa Fe Trail will begin the day, followed

by break-out sessions. Participants will be able to pick from the following topics and spend a day

learning about the Santa Fe Trail:

Santa Fe Trail 101

Military on the Western Frontier

Music and Games of the 1800s

Cooking on the Santa Fe Trail: Dutch Oven cooking

Use of the Buffalo for Food, Clothing and Shelter

Trading on the Santa Fe Trail/Ethnic Groups on the Trail

A Day in the Life of Indians on the Santa Fe Trail

Using Social Media to learn about the Santa Fe National Historic Trail:

Geo Tour on the Santa Fe National Historic Trail

Media Tour on the Santa Fe National Historic Trail

Using Web-based Search Engines to find information on the Santa Fe National Historic Trail

Educational Trunk program(s) from Fort Larned NHS.

Each participant will receive a t-shirt, SFT patch and a packet of take-home materials for the partici-

pants and their parents. The National Park Service has approved funding for this event so we are

good to go! We may be calling on you for assistance in this event!


Diary of Samuel A. Kingman at Indian Treaty in 1865 Kansas State Historical Society Quarterly, November 1932 (Vol. 1, No. 5) pp. 442—450.

I. INTRODUCTION.

ON July 27, 1853, the United States negotiated a treaty with the Kiowa and confederate tribes, the

Comanche and Apache, to the end that constantly increasing travel and traffic could move with

greater safety over the Santa Fe trail. Raiding and marauding did not cease, however, with the mak-

ing of this treaty, and at the close of the Civil War it became necessary to treat again with these wild

plains tribes. The Indians themselves had expressed a desire for peace, and a commission was sent to

the mouth of the Little Arkansas in August, 1865, to make preliminary agreements and arrange for a

later meeting. Accordingly the commissioners again met the tribes in October, and on the fourteenth

day of that month a treaty was made with the Cheyenne and Arapahoe, with the Apache on the seven-

teenth and with the Kiowa and Comanche on the eighteenth. [1] By the terms of these treaties the

Apache were detached from the Kiowa and Comanche and attached to the Cheyenne and Arapahoe,

who agreed to removal from their reservation in southeastern Colorado to one in Kansas and the In-

dian territory. The Kiowa and Comanche agreed to relinquish all claims in Colorado, Kansas and New

Mexico and to remove to a reservation in southwestern Indian territory and the region of the Staked

Plains in Texas. These two tribes surrendered five white captives. [2] The short diary which follows is

a record of the trip from Atchison, Kan., to the mouth of the Little Arkansas for the meeting with the

tribes, as it was set down in a small pocket notebook by Samuel A. Kingman [3] who, in 1865, was a

partner of John James Ingalls in the practice of law at Atchison. Kingman states in the first entry that

he accompanied the party in the employ of Thomas Murphy, one of the commissioners, who was super-

intendent of Indian affairs for Kansas. The nature of Kingman's duties is not stated. The other com-

missioners were Gen. John B. Sanborn, Gen. William S. Harney, noted Indian fighter, Kit Carson,

frontiersman, William W. Bent, Indian trader, Jesse H. Leavenworth, agent for the Kiowa and Coman-

che, and James Steele.

II. THE DIARY.

Atchison, Sept. 21, 1865. Left Atchison this morning in the employ of Tom Murphy for the council

ground on the Arkansas where he with other com[missione]rs are to treat with the Comanches, Kio-

was, Arapahoes, Cheyennes and Apaches. We are to await at Leavenworth the arrival of other coin

[missione]rs until Monday, the 25th.

Monday. Neither money, instructions or com[missione]rs having arrived, Murphy determines to wait.

Thursday, 28. Col. Leavenworth & Mr. Steele having arrived, we started in 3 ambulances & a bag-

gage wagon. Reached Ozawkie 35 m.

Friday, 29. Reached St. Mary's mission [4]; made sure that one of the passengers in Steele's ambu-

lance is a woman in men's clothes. Distance made, 40.

30. At 30 miles passed the Blue, dining at Manhattan. 18 M. with Capt. McClure to Ft. Riley.

1st Oct. Left the Fort late, reached the Republican & Junction City in 3 miles. Stopped an hour mak-

ing the last purchases. One mile further reached the Smoky Hill. The baggage wagon which had gone

ahead missed the road & detained the train an hour or two.

Crossing Smoky Hill we started up Lyons creek southwardly & kept up the creek in same direction till

night, making 22 miles in all that day. At 8 miles from Junction met Capt. Lowe with 100 mounted

infantry, having gone out as an escort for Gen. Sanborn. Our escort started at daylight & we have

traveled so slow we have not seen them since. The creek is settled all the way up as far as we have got

with occasional farms. Pat Burns, Jas. Carroll, Martin Cobas are the drivers.

Oct. 2d. Got breakfast and all ready to start at daylight, still following the creek; at 18 miles crossed

the Santa Fe road at Lost Springs, 30 miles west from Council Grove, the Santa Fe road running be-

tween the heads of Cottonwood & Lyons creek. Near this crossing are a number of sulfur springs. 5

miles further on struck timber of Cottonwood & still 5 miles further passed Mr. Wise's farm, a well

cultivated place with good looking women about. They have been there 5 years. Camped at night at

QUIVIRA NOTES

Diary of Samuel A. Kingman, continued

Marion Centre. 36 miles made to-day. Grass three feet high all day as fine as any I ever saw. Marion

Centre consists of a cabin covered with puncheons & dirt on which large weeds are growing. Have not

yet got up with our escort which is with Col. Leavenworth.

Company roll

Com[missione]r Steele Washington

O. T. Atwood

Thos. Murphy,

Wm. P. Murphy

S. A. K., Atchison

Capt. Gaylord of the escort

3 servts. Alex, Henry and Willis with 4 drivers,

making 14 in all and making quite a sensation through this section little frequented by travelers --

road good but little used.

This point is 50 miles west of Emporia on Muddy [5] a branch of Cottonwood. The owner of the cabin

is Mr. Snow formerly from Brown county near Padonia. Besides the persons enumerated above is the

mysterious personage dressed like a man & looking like a __

Oct. 3, 1865. Traveled 40 miles most of the way through a vast prairie without timber in sight, and

away from water. Camped on a small creek with a few willow trees, having 35 miles passed civiliza-

tion. This morning we were met by Lieut. Fiske & 20 men who accompanied us as an escort. One of

the escort saw an elk. This was the only incident of the day, except good weather. The roads are gone,

a slight mark only indicating the course we are to take, which is so dim that we twice missed the road

in the day. Grass lighter. Prickly pear in patches with occasional indications on the last 10 miles of

alkali.

Oct. 4. An early start brought us in 10 miles to the camp on the little Arkansas, 5 miles from its

mouth. All the other com [missione] rs are already here & will wait a few days to see if the Indians

will not come over here to treat as Gen. Sanborn and Harney both think it would be bad policy to

cross the Arkansas at this season as we would be liable to be detained for weeks by high water. So we

have a week's loafing in comfortable anticipation.

Oct. 11. We have been here one week. The monotony of camp life is growing intolerable. The same

faces, the same ideas& the same routine of daily sensations and occupations soon become tiresome.

Eating, smoking, talking and sleeping make the whole day. Below us a few miles are the villages of

several bands of refugee Indians. They have raised small crops of corn, pumpkins, beans & watermel-

ons. They are destitute, dirty, half-clad beggars-fine physique. The men all lazy, the women all lewd.

They visit camp in great numbers daily. The Osages also visit us. They are like the others save that

they do not beg, are better clad & the men shave the head all but the scalp lock. They are a stalwart

brawny set of men and the squaws like all the others. So one day is like another. A great many fish-a

few catch them. Some hunt but bring in little game. We change camp, have a storm-pretend we suffer

for our country. Evening. The prairie is covered with Indians. Arapahoes & Cheyennes in addition to

those previously gathered here. They have come to treat and are considered the best Indians of the

plains. Tomorrow the council will begin. The goods that were to have started the day after we did

from Ft. Leavenworth have not yet arrived. Some fears are entertained that they have become the

spoil of Kansas patriots. Gen. Sanborn has sent out two parties to look for them and all are growing

anxious for $50,000 is a great temptation in this country.

Oct. 12. The council met this morning & lasted 4 hours. Only the Arapahoes & Cheyennes were repre-

sented & these tribes only partially. The commission propose to treat with them first. It is apparent

that these tribes have always been our friends until driven by the Sand creek massacre [6] into hos-

tilities, and the com[missione]rs will treat them gently & use them liberally. The com[missione]rs are

Gen. J. B. Sanborn, president, Gen. Harney, James Steele, Thos. Murphy, J. H. Leavenworth, Kit

QUIVIRA NOTES


Carson & Col. Win. W. Bent.

Oct. 14. The treaty with the Arapahoes & Cheyennes was completed & signed today. It is very liberal

in its terms to the Indians, probably more so than will be sanctioned by the senate. 31 sections of land

outside of the reserve in fee simple, a reserve large enough for their use with presents, back pay, and

large annuities for 40 years. $20 per capita now & $40 per capita after they go upon their reserve. [7]

The consultations were harmonious & friendly, the commissioners being conciliatory and the Indians

apparently frank and friendly. They will probably keep the terms if we do. Some of their speeches

were eloquent, especially in reference to the massacre of Sand creek. Black Kettle, [8] when he spoke

of the desolated wigwams, murdered braves, squaws & children on that occasion, sent a thrill

throughout the whole of the Indians present & even in translations touched every heart there. The

speeches were all reported in full and all proceedings of council copied into the record. The general

manner of conducting proceedings has been often and correctly described. While everything is sober

and orderly, the bare legs and bodies of the chiefs & braves destroy all idea of dignity & tend to de-

stroy the romance of the affair.

October 15, Sunday. This day of rest to the toiling members of a civilized community presents no

feature of distinction in a place where indolence is the prevailing characteristic. Listless & lazy, tame

and monotonous alike are the people, the scenery and the weather and so the day. Soldiers & civilians

Indians & animals all alike harmonize and such a life has its charms soothing and quieting the whole

man. The nervous men are condemning it as false life, making the common error of constituting

themselves as the test by which the problem of life for others is to be solved.

A black man from Texas comes in today & reports that he has redeemed his wife & two children from

the Comanches, giving therefor 7 ponies. That in the trade a Mrs. Fitzpatrick, about 40 yrs. old, and

her granddaughter, were to have also been delivered up, but on getting the ponies the Indians refused

to give up the others. Mrs. F. he represented as the widow of a Union man who was hung because he

would not join the rebels. The child is about 4 years old. I hope no treaty will be made till all prisoners

are delivered up.

October 16. The council met today. The President addressed the council in conciliatory manner being

extremely liberal in his promises which will probably never be realized. It is estimated that the Chey-

ennes & Arapahoes number over 4,300. If they remain the same in number& do not go upon their re-

serve for 5 years, the am't of the annuities is $6,450,000. This with back annuities, presents and com-

pensation making over $100,000 more is a large price to pay for peace. Besides 19,840 acres of land

are granted in fee simple to half breeds and over 5,000 to the survivors of the Sand creek massacre.

Comanches estimated at 10,000. Kiowas 2,500. Apaches 200. Cheyennes & Arapahoes 4,300, of which

the Cheyennes are somewhat the more numerous.

October 17, 1865. The council met again & the terms will probably be agreed on & the treaty pre-

pared by the next meeting.

It is a singular fact that no person not born in the tribe ever yet learned the Kiowa language. It is

very harsh and guttural in its sound & barren in its words. Even conversation among each other is

mostly conducted by signs. This fact of the inability to learn the dialect is attested by Cols. Bent &

Carson, and all the interpreters on the ground,& Gen. Harney speaks of it as a fact long & well un-

derstood upon the plains. The weather is cold & windy and the awning under which the councils meet

being on the open prairie, the bare backed and bare legged orators are compelled to be short in their

discourses. As to prolixity they seem much like the whites, given to much repetition.

Oct. 18. The water froze in the bucket last night one-half inch thick. This is the first frost that has

fallen here & the boys complain of sleeping cold. The soldiers have very comfortable quarters in the

bank showing a great variety of designs as well as ingenuity in their construction. The cold weather

scares me & I am tired of the whole thing. Hope something will be concluded today. Believe I could

have closed the job in one day. Treaty with 4 bands of the Comanches concluded & signed. The other 5

QUIVIRA NOTES


bands are not represented in the council and it is said have not been engaged in hostilities. Quien

Sabe?

Two councils were held with the Osages today with a view to obtain a relinquishment of that part of

their reservation west of the Arkansas river. They declined alleging that they had twice before sold

parts of their land but had not yet seen any of their money. "Heap talk no money." They concluded to

wait & see if they got any money for what they had sold & then have another talk when the grass is

green.

It was determined not to sign a treaty with the Kiowas until they had delivered up their prisoners.

The terms are agreed on& the treaty drawn up ready to sign. The prisoners are in the hands of those

who do not wish peace and it is doubted whether they can be got. Not for some days yet. A runner

from the Wichitas came in saying that 4 members of that tribe had died from starvation in the last 4

days. They won't work & their food is light and does not give them strength enough to stand a chill.

These 7 refugee bands are in a bad condition. This winter will likely finish them up. If it does not

then they propose returning to their old homes in & about the Wichita mts. next spring.

The work being done I start for home tomorrow with Cols. Bent & Carson. The com[missione]rs wait a

few days to hear from the Kiowas.

Oct. 19. Shook hands & left camp without regret. The Cheyennes, Arapahoes & Apaches had all left

yesterday, the Osages & Comanches this morning. Our German friends Van Horn & Holstein also

leave so that the life of the camp will grow still more wearisome. I have had my curiosity gratified &

leave as willingly as I did the prairie dog village a few days ago.

A very late start only enabled us to make about 30 miles & reach camp about dark. This makes 20

nights I have slept out of a house & I don't like the prospect for tonight. Have my weak longings for

home, house and a feather bed.

Oct. 20. Started at daylight and traveled 20 miles to breakfast. Bless the widow Strawhecker for she

gave us a good breakfast. The first approach to civilization. The house had no floor. The roof was pun-

cheons covered with earth on which was a good crop of weeds showing a rich soil and careful culture.

Here I left Kit Carson's ambulance & took Col. Bent's having a whole one to myself with a good mat-

tress in it. The warm day after a cold night holds out fine inducements for ague. The land on Cotton-

wood lies well & the grass looks fine. The widow's farm however shows her state. Her husband died in

6 weeks after she arrived here from Indiana, so her sister Hoops informed me, & left her with an only

son and small hopes of consolation. After a short drive we camped for night near a dry creek. After

the others had done supper Mrs. W. & myself sat sipping our coffee in the twilight and in the confi-

dence which such an hour begets she told the story of her life -- 'Twas fine; 'tis pitiful. Daughter of

John Prince, [? -- illegible] widow of Fitzpatrick & Wilmarth, the creature of many loves, the subject

of many sorrows. After supper while the drivers cared for their stock, we took our pipes & the chat

ran on, interweaving itself with the wreaths of smoke taking on many forms and being nearly as un-

substantial. But there was a bed in the ambulance which I alone was to occupy. After three weeks of

the ground the anticipation was delightful. No broken slumbers, no aching bones, weary of their con-

tact with the solid earth. So I early mounted the ambulance to bed. Delightful luxury. I stretched my-

self, turned over, spread out. Ah, this is grand; all it needs for perfect happiness is the company of one

to say "how nice."

So I felt as I lay for an hour listening to the chat of the rest of the company. At 9 o'clock all was quiet

in camp & I slept, little dreaming how short my enjoyment would be. Shortly after 10 Lieutenant

Tanhause came into camp and said that he must up and away. That Bent's train had passed Lost

Springs that day & he wanted the ambulance to go on with it. So hitching up both teams we started

and about 1 o'c[lock] reached Lost Springs, the ambulance to go west and I east. I stuck to the bed till

5 but had to divide with the Lieut. whose breath was redolent of whisky and onions, so different from

the breath I had sighed for the night before.

QUIVIRA NOTES


Oct. 21. Starting at daylight we drove 10 miles to Six Mile creek for breakfast. There again overtook

Carson & Bent. Do not find a heavy wagon as comfortable as an ambulance nor is the widow as inter-

esting as by twilight. We have today the advantage of an old road to travel on. Six miles farther on we

passed Diamond Springs. [9] The remains of 3 buildings of stone 2 stories high tell their own story of

violence. A good monument for the builder. A small room used as dramshop is all left fit for use save a

large stone corral surrounding 5 or 6 acres with a small supply of hay. 6 miles further on stopped for

dinner on Elm creek, thence 8 miles brings us to Council Grove and within the range of stage travel

and severs me from those with whom I have been more or less associated for the last month.

Their characters are severally written on their faces and impressed on my mind. Their fate as com

[missione]rs will be that they died of too large views.

Notes

1. A marker commemorating the treaty of October 18, 1805 has been placed on the meeting ground

by the Daughters of the American Revolution. The site is seven miles north and one mile west of

present Wichita, Kan. -- Topeka Capital, April 15, 1925.

2. Seventeenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 1895-'90, Part 1, "Calendar His-

tory of the Kiowa Indians," by James Mooney, p. 180.

3. Samuel A. Kingman was born in Worthington, Mass., June 20, 1818. He was educated in his na-

tive town; began teaching school m his seventeenth year, and when nineteen went to Kentucky,

where he taught school and studied law. For three years he was a member of the legislature from

Livingston county in that state. He assisted in forming a new constitution for Kentucky. In 1850

he removed to Marion county, Iowa, and in the spring of the following year to Kansas. He spent

six months in Leavenworth and then took up a claim in Brown county, near the site of present

Horton. In the summer of 1858 he removed to Hiawatha and resumed the practice of law. He was

a delegate from Brown county to the Wyandotte constitutional convention which convened July 5,

1859, and upon the organization of the state was elected associate justice of the supreme court.

He was nominated for the same position on the Union Republican ticket in 1864, but was de-

feated. In 1866 he was elected chief justice of the supreme court and was returned to the office in

1872. He resigned on account of ill health in 1870. He served for a time as state librarian and was

the first president of the Kansas Historical Society. His death occurred on September 9, 1904. His

opinions as supreme court justice are regarded by lawyers of Kansas as models of judicial expres-

sion. -- Kansas Historical Collections, v. 9, pp. 40, 47, 60.

4. In 1837 a band of 150 Pottawatomie Indians came from Indiana to Linn county, Kansas, settling

near the headwaters of Big Sugar creek four miles northwest of the present site of Centerville. A

church was built and a school opened. Other groups of Indians joined the original band and by

1840 a larger church and a separate school for girls became necessary. The whole settlement was

given the name of St. Mary's Mission. On June 17, 1840, this reservation was sold to the govern-

ment and a new reservation was given to the Pottawatomies. This was situated on the Kaw river,

28 miles west of Topeka, where the present town of St. Marys stands. The original village in Linn

county disappeared when the tribe went to its new home, and no legend has come down as to its

fate. -- Wm. Ansel Mitchell in Linn County History, p. 37.

5. Mud creek, sometimes spelled Mudd, joins Clear creek at Marion, Kan., the latter stream flowing

into the Cottonwood a short distance beyond.

6. See footnote 8.

7. The treaty as proclaimed Feb. 2, 1876, provided in article 2 that the following district of country,

or such portion of same as might be designated by the President of the United States for that

purpose, be set apart for the use and occupation of the tribes who were parties to the treaty, viz.,

commencing at the mouth of the Red creek or Red Fork of the Arkansas river; thence up said

creek or fork to its source; thence westwardly to a point on the Cimarron river opposite the

QUIVIRA NOTES


of Buffalo creek; thence due north to the Arkansas river; thence down the same to the beginning.

Article 5 allots thirty-one sections of land in fee simple to individuals related by blood to the

Cheyenne or Arapahoe. Article 6 makes reparations for outrages perpetrated at Sand creek,

Colorado territory, Nov. 29 1864, and article 7 provides for the payment of annuities over a pe-

riod of 40 years, $20 per capita until such time as the Indians shall be removed to the reserva-

tion, $40 per capita thereafter. -- A Compilation of all the Treaties between the United States'

and the Indian Tribes, 1873, pp. 122-127.

8. Black Kettle, famous Cheyenne chief, was born near the Black Hills of South Dakota about

1803. When his tribe separated into northern and southern divisions he chose to go with the lat-

ter and his name appears as ranking chief on the treaty negotiated with the Cheyenne at Fort

Wise, Colo., in 1861. In September of 1864 he visited Governor Evans at Denver at the head of a

delegation of Cheyenne and Arapahoe chiefs to ask for peace. The two tribes had warred with

the whites during the preceding summer. Evans, who was also superintendent of Indian affairs

for Colorado territory, refused the request. Black Kettle and his fellow chiefs then took a large

band of their people to Fort Lyon, Colo., where they surrendered to the commander, Maj. E. W.

Wynkoop, giving up their horses and arms as a pledge of good faith. Wynkoop was relieved of his

command shortly thereafter and his successor returned the horses and arms to the Indians and

asked that Black Kettle remove his people to a point on Sand creek. With confidence in the mili-

tary authorities the Indians acceded. Somewhat later an expedition was organized by Col. John

M. Chivington, district commander at Denver, for the purpose of exterminating the surrendered

Indians. The attack was made at daybreak on November 29, 1864, and the camp was destroyed;

161 out of 600 were killed, including many women and children. Despite all of this Black Kettle

continued to place his trust in the whites, although some of the Cheyenne made war against

them. He moved his people to the valley of Washita, Indian territory, in 1868. This unfortunate

move resulted in his death on November 27, 1868, in an attack by the Seventh U. S. cavalry un-

der General Custer. -- National Cyclopedia of American Biography, v. 19, pp. 308, 309.

9. Diamond Springs, Morris county, Kansas, was a well-known stage and relief station during the

years of the great movement along the Santa Fe trail. The settlement, composed of several large

two-story stone buildings and a stone corral, was built upon the site of a spring that had been

known by the Indians and plains animals long before its discovery by the white man. Santa Fe

traders camped upon the spot as early as 1804. The buildings, corral and sheds were the most

pretentious of the kind between Council Grove and Santa Fe. The place was the scene of several

encounters between Indians and whites and in May, 1863, was raided by Dick Yeager, one of

Quantrill's officers, and a band of Missourians. The raiders murdered inhabitants, burned and

destroyed property and left a scene of desolation and destruction. -- Kansas Historical Collec-

tions, v. 14, pp. 794-800.

Little Arkansas Crossing Placed on Historic Register

The Quivira Chapter has been notified that the The Historic Sites Board of Review approved the

nomination of the Little Arkansas River Crossing on Saturday, February 8, 2014. The site is now

listed in the Register of Historic Kansas Places and will be forwarded to the Keeper of the National

Register for their approval. Thanks to Betty Reilly for making this happen!

Listing in the National Register of Historic Places provides recognitions of the area’s historic impor-

tance and assures protective review of federal projects that might adversely affect the character of the

historic property.

QUIVIRA NOTES

Quivira Chapter & Santa Fe Trail Association Application for Membership

Membership in the Quivira Chapter is just $10 per year for indi-viduals or families. Membership in the Santa Fe Trail Associa-tion is $25 per year for individuals and $30 for families. SFTA membership includes a subscription to Wagon Tracks, the SFTA Quarterly publication. Make it easy! Let the Quivira Chapter take care of everything. Make one payment of $35 for individuals

Name:

Address:

City:

State: Zip Code:

Telephone:

Email:

Total Amount Submitted

$

Membership Type: (Please Circle one)

Individual Family

Mail to: Quivira Chapter, SFTA c/o Linda Colle, President 724 Penn Drive McPherson, KS 67460

Quivira Chapter Single or Family $10

SFTA Single $25 SFTA Family $30

For more information call 620-241-8719 or email: [email protected]

SFTA Board Meeting and Activities Held March 12-15

All of our members are encourage to join the SFTA and to seek out new members for both the Quivira

Chapter and the Santa Fe Trail Association. Talk to your neighbors, family members, co-workers and

anyone else and invite them to join. Consider giving a membership to your family and friends as a

gift for a special event. A membership form is included below and you can use it to join both!

The Santa Fe Trail Association Board meeting this year was held in Independence Missouri. Along

with the SFTA board meeting, the three major trail groups in the Kansas City Metro area, the Santa

Fe Trail Association, the Oregon and California Association and the Lewis & Clark Association met in

joint session on March 12th thru March 15th in Independence, Missouri. Each group held its individ-

ual board meetings followed on Friday with a joint bus tour of the major Trail related sites and venues

in the Kansas City Metro area, including the sites near Olathe. Gardner Junction and the Lone Elm

Campground. We saw first hand what can be done to educate and protect the Trail, even in an urban

area.

Join The Quivira Chapter AND the SFTA!

QUIVIRA NOTES

2014 Calendar of Quivira Chapter and Local Central Kansas Events

Date Program Location

April 26 Fort Larned Old Guard Annual Mess and Muster Fort Larned National Historic Site

Fort Larned NHS Larned,KS

April 27 Defeat of the Plains Indians in Kansas, presented by Leo E.

Oliva, author and historian. 2:00p.m.

Kaw Mission Council Grove, KS

April 28 What Did They Eat on the Santa Fe Trail? presented by Leo E.

Oliva, author and historian. Joint program with the Quivira

Chapter SFTA and the Barton County Historical Society, 7:30pm

Barton County Historical

Society

Great Bend, KS.

May 2-3 MillFest at McPherson County Old Mill Museum, Lindsborg, KS Old Mill Museum

Lindsborg, KS

May 4 Products of the First Kansans, presented by Donald Blakeslee,

professor of anthropology, Wichita State University. 2:00p.m.


May 5 Celebrate Cinco De Mayo! Ellen Jones, Park Ranger at Fort

Larned, present the Traveling Trunk program, El Hombre.

Coronado Quivira Museum,

Lyons, KS

May 24 - 26 Memorial Day Weekend at Fort Larned National Historic Site.

The largest living history event in western Kansas


June 1 The Darkest Period: The Kanza and Their Homeland, 1846 -

1873, by Ron Parks, author and Kanza historian. 2:00p.m.


June 8 Kaw Council 2014 Educational Program Series. 2:00 p.m. Pro-

gram: Arthur Short Bull, Oglala Lakota Watercolorist.


June 20-21 Washunga Days Inter-tribal Pow-Wow. Kaw Mission Council Grove, KS

August 15 Trail Songs from the Tallgrass Express, including debut of “Trail

to Santa Fe,” an original song that will be featured on a new CD

being recorded by the Tallgrass Express String Band.

Cottonwood Falls, KS

August 15 - 17 Old Time Chautauqua Cottonwood Falls. KS

August 30-

Sept. 1

Labor Day Weekend at Fort Larned National Historic Site. Re-

enactors bring the fort back to life for the holiday weeked.


September 18 -

20

2014 Rendezvous, "Hispanics on the Santa Fe Trail." Check

www.santafetrail.org for updates

Larned, KS

September 19-

20

September 19 – 20: Voices of the Wind People Outdoor Histori-

cal Multimedia Pageant. 7:00 p.m.

Council Grove, KS.

September 25 -

28

Historic Trails Through South Central Kansas: Cherokee Trail,

Chisholm Trail and Santa Fe Trail. OCTA: www.octa-trails.org

Meridian Center Newton, KS

October 4 Santa Fe Trail Youth Expo for 4H, Boy Scouts, Girl Scout and

other groups. For more information, 620-241-8719

4-H Building, McPherson,

KS

October 11 Candlelight Tour at Fort Larned National Historic Site. Enter-

taining evening tours with vignettes from the fort's history.


October 17 - 19 Smoky Hill Trail Association Annual Conference. For more infor-

mation visit www.smokyhilltrail.com

Russell, KS

December 4 Kaw Mission Holiday Open House Kaw Mission Council Grove, KS

December 6 The Captain’s Lady’s Victorian Christmas Memories – Marti

McCartney First Person & Interactive.

Old Mill Museum Lindsborg, KS

December 15 Christmas Open House at Fort Larned National Historic Site.

Old- fashioned Yuletide.


Quivira Chapter events are shaded. For more information, call 620-241-8719. For information on programs at the Kaw Mission or in Council Grove, call 620-767-5410. For information on programs at Fort Larned National Historic Site, call 620-285-6911.

http://www.santafetrail.org/

http://www.octa-trails.org/

http://www.smokyhilltrail.com/

President Linda Colle

724 Penn Drive

McPherson, KS 67460

QUIVIRA CHAPTER, SFTA

Next meeting

Monday

April 28, 2014

7:30pm

Barton County

Historical Society

85 S. Hwy. 281

Great Bend, KS

quivira chapter, sfta quivira notes · chapter business president linda colle your president got...

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