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Quick English Tenses http://syeilendrapramuditya.wordpress.com

TENSES STRUCTURES EXAMPLES 01 SIMPLE PRESENT

Biasa terjadi / fakta / kenyataan saat ini I/you/we/they = V1, do He/she/it = (V1+s/es), does

• S + (V1±s/es) + O • S + do/does + not + V1 + O • Do/Does + S + V1 + O ? • W5H + do/does + S + V1 ?

• He goes to school by car • They play tennis every day • I do not like this car • She does not drink coffee • Do I know you? • Does she like me? • What do they eat? • How does he drive?

02 PRESENT CONTINUOUS Sedang terjadi saat ini I = am You/we/they = are He/she/it = is

• S + am/is/are + (V1+ing) + O • S + am/is/are + not + (V1+ing) + O • Am/Is/Are + S + (V1+ing) + O ? • W5H + am/is/are + S + (V1+ing) ?

• They are watching TV now • I am playing the piano now • She is not making a cake • I am not working now • Are you writing a poem? • Is she talking to John? • What is he looking for? • Where is she waiting?

03 PRESENT PERFECT Telah terjadi saat ini, tanpa keterangan waktu I/you/we/they = have He/she/it = has

• S + have/has + V3 + O • S + have/has + not + V3 + O • Have/Has + S + V3 + O ? • W5H + have/has + S + V3 ?

• I have seen that girl • He has finished the homework • They have not entered the room • He has not bought a car • Have they done the work? • Has he drunk the juice? • What have you seen? • How far has he walked?

04 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS Telah terjadi, dan masih sedang berlangsung saat ini I/you/we/they = have He/she/it = has

• S + have/has + been + (V1+ing) + O • S + have/has + not + been + (V1+ing) + O • Have/Has + S + been + (V1+ing) + O ? • W5H + Have/Has + S + been + (V1+ing) + O ?

• You have been sleeping here since yesterday • She has been sailing for three days • He has not been playing soccer since last month • They have not been studying since last night • Have you been reading since morning? • Has it been raining all day? • How long have you been writing? • What has he been watching?

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05 SIMPLE PAST Telah terjadi, disertai keterangan waktu, atau baru saja terjadi I = was you/we/they = were He/she/it = was

• S + V2 + O • S + did + not + V1 + O • S + was/were + . . . • S + was/were + not + . . . • Did + S + V1 + O ? • W5H + Did + S + V1 + O ? • W5H + V2 + O ? • Was/Were + S + . . . ? • W5H was/were + S + . . . ?

• I saw Clara last night • They got married in 1995 • I did not see her last night • They did not come this morning • I was sick last week • We were at home yesterday • She was not late last Monday • They were not here this morning • Did you see him yesterday? • Did she go to the party last night? • Where did you go last month? • Who did you meet? • What happened to them? • Who gave you the car? • Was I sleep yesterday? • Were they here this morning? • Who was in the class this morning? • Why were they so happy last night?

06 PAST CONTINUOUS Sedang terjadi pada waktu lampau I = was you/we/they = were He/she/it = was

• S + was/were + (V1+ing) + O • S + was/were + not + (V1+ing) + O • Was/Were + S + (V1+ing) + O ? • W5H + Was/Were + S + (V1+ing) + O ?

• Intan was cooking an hour ago • They were watching TV at seven o’clock last night • He was not reading at nine o’clock this morning • They were not sleeping an hour ago • Was I falling asleep at the meeting? • Were they go to the party last Saturday? • Who was crying this morning? • What were they talking about after dinner?

07 PAST PERFECT Telah (selesai) terjadi pada waktu lampau

• S + had + V3 + O • S + had + not + V3 + O • Had + S + V3 + O ? • W5H + had + S + V3 + O ?

• The rain had stopped when I left • He thought you had gone to the beach • The sun had not risen before I woke up • We had not worked at the moment • Had the rain stopped when you left? • Had they visited Paris by the end of the month? • Who had meet Mr. William? • What had she written?

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08 PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS Sudah terjadi dan masih berlangsung pada waktu lampau

• S + had been + (V1+ing) + O • S + had not been + (V1+ing) + O • Had + S + been + (V1+ing) + O ? • W5H + had + S + been + (V1+ing) + O ?

• He had been studying art for a long time • Diana said that she had been sewing • He had not been studying art for a long time • Diana said that she had not been sewing • Had he been studying when you came? • Had she been cooking when John called her? • How long had you been waiting this morning? • What had you been doing when Lisa met you?

09 SIMPLE FUTURE Akan terjadi pada waktu yang akan datang I/we = shall/will He/she/it/you/they = will

• S + shall/will + V1 + O • S + shall/will + not + V1 + O • Shall/Will + S + V1 + O ? • W5H + Shall/Will + S + V1 + O ?

• I will go to Holland next month • I shall be at home on Sunday • They will not come next week • We shall not be there tonight • Will you come to the party? • Shall we visit them tomorrow? • When will they come back? • Where shall we go tonight?

10 FUTURE CONTINUOUS Akan sedang terjadi pada waktu yang akan datang I/we = shall/will He/she/it/you/they = will

• S + shall/will + be + (V1+ing) + O • S + shall/will + not + be + (V1+ing) + O • Shall/Will + S + be + (V1+ing) + O ? • W5H + shall/will + S + be + (V1+ing) + O ?

• Helen will be sleeping when we arrive home tonight • I will be teaching at eight o’clock tomorrow • They will not be in Boston next week • She will not be swimming at this time tomorrow • Will you be using your car this evening? • Will she be sleeping at nine o’clock tonight? • When will your father be retiring? • Where will you be living next year?

11 FUTURE PAST Akan terjadi pada waktu lampau I/we = should He/she/it/you/they = would

• S + should/would + V1 + O • S + should/would + not + V1 + O • Should/Would + S + V1 + O ? • W5H + should/would + S + V1 + O ?

• I should be in Paris the next day • Karin promised me that she would help me • I should not be in Paris the next day • I said to them that they would not learn Physics • Would you have a test the following week? • Should you go to Germany the next day? • What would you do the day before? • Where should they go the following month?

12 FUTURE PAST CONTINUOUS Akan sedang terjadi pada waktu lampau I/we = should He/she/it/you/they = would

• S + should/would + be + (V1+ing) + O • S + should/would + not + be + (V1+ing) + O • Should/Would + S + be + (V1+ing) + O ? • W5H + should/would + S + be + (V1+ing) + O ?

• I should be studying before going to school • She would be going to the market when we came • I should not be washing when they visited me • She would not be cleaning the kitchen after lunch • Should they be playing soccer when we came? • Would you be living in Europe the following month? • What should you be doing when they visited you? • Who would be watching TV at that time?

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13 FUTURE PERFECT Akan telah (selesai) terjadi pada waktu yang akan datang I/we = shall/will He/she/it/you/they = will

• S + shall/will + have + V3 + O • S + shall/will + not + have + V3 + O • Shall/Will + S + have + V3 + O ? • W5H + shall/will + S + have + V3 + O ?

• By the end of this year, I will have completed my work • We shall have reached the village in half an hour • George will not have finished his dinner by that time • In an hour, he will not have finished all the tasks • Will the train have arrived by that time? • Will you have come by this time tomorrow? • Which train will have arrived in an hour? • What will he have finished before night?

14 FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS Akan sudah dan masih terjadi di waktu yang akan datang I/we = shall/will He/she/it/you/they = will

• S + shall/will + have been + (V1+ing) + O • S + shall/will + not + have been + (V1+ing) + O • Shall/Will + S + have been + (V1+ing) + O? • W5H+shall/will+S + have been + (V1+ing) + O?

• By the end of this year, I will have been studying for two years • By 2008, this home will have been standing thirty years • By the end of this year, I will not have been studying for two years • By 2008, this home will not have been standing thirty years • Will he have been waiting half an hour? • Will John have been driving six hours by seven o’clock? • How long will this factory have been going? • How many books shall we have been reading by tomorrow night?

15 FUTURE PAST PERFECT Akan telah (selesai) terjadi pada waktu lampau I/we = should He/she/it/you/they = would

• S + should/would + have + V3 + O • S + should/would + not + have + V3 + O • Should/Would + S + have + V3 + O? • W5H + should/would + S + have + V3 + O?

• I should have slept if you come late • He would have finished his work if he had got help • I should not have slept if you come earlier • He would have not finished his work if he had not got help • Would they have reached the island if the boat had not got a trouble? • Would Susan have been married is she had not got an accident? • When would they have finished the work? • Why would he have ignored the chance?

16 FUTURE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS Akan telah dan sedang terjadi pada waktu lampau I/we = should He/she/it/you/they = would

• S + should/would + have been + (V1+ing)+O • S + should/would +not + have been + (V1+ing)+O • Should/Would + S + have been + (V1+ing) + O? • W5H+should/would+S+have been+(V1+ing) + O?

• At this time yesterday, He would have been studying for two hours • By March 1990, we should have been living here for six years • At this time yesterday, He would not have been studying for two hours • By March 1990, we should not have been living here for six years • Would James have been studying for two hours at this time yesterday? • Should we have been playing cards for three hours by that time? • How long would John have been observing birds in 1995? • How long should they have been living here in 1990?