question words - commission scolaire des...
TRANSCRIPT
21
Question Words
Les question words sont des mots placés au début des questions, devant les auxiliaires,
dans le but de préciser le contexte de la question:
What
How
How
many
How
much
Who
(Whom)
Whose
Which
When
Why
Where
Traduction
Quel/s
Quelle/s
Que Qu'est-ce que
Utilisation
Dans le but de savoir
quoi
Exemples
What did you buy?
What are you doing?
What time is it?
What is the problem?
Comment
Dans le sens propre
Avec un adjectif
Fréquence
How did you come here?
How old are you?
How far is it?
How often do you go swimming?
Combien Pour exprimer un
nombre
How many fingers do you have?
Combien
Pour exprimer une
quantité
Argent
How much sugar do you usually
put in your coffee?
How much did you pay for it?
Qui
Avec qui
De qui
Pour qui À qui
Lorsque qui est sujet
Lorsque qui est objet
(Whom)
Who called me?
Who did you go with?
Who did you get it from?
Who is this gift for?
Who did you give it to?
À qui Exprime la possession Whose book is it?
Whose son are you?
Quel/s
Quelle/s
Lequel
Laquelle
Lesquels Lesquelles
Exprime un choix
restreint
Which colours do you prefer?
Which car is yours?
Which computer is the best?
Quand Exprime une notion
de temps
When will you go home?
Pourquoi Pour connaître une
raison
Why are you late?
Où Pour connaître un
endroit Where are you from?
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A. Use an appropriate question word to complete the questions.
1. Where did you put your books? On the desk.
2. When did you speak to Mrs. Adams? Two days ago
3. Why do you need money? To buy a new suit
4. When will they arrive at the airport? Around 10 o'clock
5. Where did the accident happen? At the fourth intersection
6. Why do you want to go home? Because it is late.
7. Who invited George to eat? The Taylors
8. What did the Taylors serve for dinner? A roast beef
9. Who are you going to speak to? Philip
10. Which dictionary is yours? The small one
11. Whoses books are on the table? Rick's
12. How much money do you have on you? $20,00
13. How much sugar would you like in your coffee? Two spoons
14. How many children do you have? Three children
15. Who drove you home? Jack drove me home.
16. How much time did you sleep last night? 8 hours
17. Who took my pencil? Terry took it
18. What happened? I had an accident.
19. Whose car broke down? Brian's one
20. Why was he late? Because he missed the bus.
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B. Ask a question in the present according to the highlighted part of the sentence.
Ex: He goes to Vancouver every year.
Where does he go every year?
1. He works on Tuesday.
When does he work?
2. He buys his newspaper at the corner store.
Where does he buy his newspaper?
3. Brian works at the restaurant.
Who works at the restaurant?
4. Joe talks to Melanie every day.
Who(m) does Joe talk to every day?
5. She likes eating fine cuisine.
What does she like eating?
6. They come because they like lobster.
Why do they come?
7. The Avalanche usually fights well against the Panthers.
How does the Avalanche usually fight against the Panthers?
8. I usually have twenty dollars on me.
How much do you (or I) usually have on you?
9. I meet you at 11 o'clock..
When do I meet you?
10. I am a friend of Susan.
Whose friend are you?
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Indefinite article
Mots avec un H muet
Les mots avec un H muet se prononcent comme s'ils n'en avaient pas.
Ex: hour our
- Helicopter - hour - honest
- honorable - honorary - honor\honour
Noms collectifs
Voici la liste des noms collectifs les plus utilisés en anglais. Ces mots ne prennent pas
d'article indéfini à l'avant et ne prennent jamais de "s" au pluriel, car ils sont considérés
comme étant au pluriel.
- advice - homework - permission - travel -…
- behaviour - information - progress - trouble
- bread - news - toast - weather
- chocolate - people - traffic - work
Traduction
Emplois
Ne s’utilise
pas
a
Un/Une
an
Un/Une
Devant les voyelles
Ex: An apple
Devant un H muet*
Ex: An hour
Devant les consonnes
Ex: A blue car
Devant le son you
Ex: A University
Devant le son wa
Ex: A one-day trip
Devant un H aspiré
Ex: A house/a horse
Les indefinite articles ne s’utilisent pas devant des noms collectifs* ou au
pluriels.
Ex : There is a car I need information
There are a cars I need an information
* Voir liste
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A. Complete the following sentences using an appropriate indefinite article when
necessary.
1. They have a nice garden.
2. My father is an honest man.
3. I have to buy a present for my sister.
4. It's an honor to meet you.
5. I need a new driver's licence.
6. This is a good invitation, I can't refuse it.
7. I'll buy - bread at the grocery store.
8. I need - special permission to go to the bathroom.
9. There is a bee in my blue car.
10. You'll buy an English dictionary for my class.
11. Nicole Kidman is an actress.
12. Paul is a good dentist.
13. We need - information. We got lost.
14. I asked Michael for - advice.
15. We have a big dog.
16. She has a new car.
17. I saw an helicopter in the sky.
18. We like - chocolate.
19. They ordered a /- pizza.
20. We are making - progress.
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B. Translate these sentences into English.
1. Il y a une voiture rouge dans le stationnement.
There is a red car in the parking lot.
2. Je mange une pomme à chaque jour.
I eat an apple everyday.
3. J'ai une nouvelle pour toi!
I have news for you!
4. Je suis un étudiant.
I'm a student.
5. Bonjour, j'ai besoin d'une information.
Hello, I need information.
6. J'ai un devoir.
I have homework.
7. Ma soeur a un nouveau cd.
My sister has a new cd.
8. Le spectacle dure une heure.
The show lasts an hour.
9. J'ai un chien.
I have a dog.
10. Mon père est une personne honnête.
My father is an honest man.
11. J’ai un nouveau crayon.
I have a new pencil.
12. Elle a un devoir à terminer.
She has homework to finish.
13. Nous avons une permission spéciale.
We have special permission.
14. C’est une nouvelle élève.
She is a new student.
15. Mon père a un hélicoptère.
My father has an helicpter .
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Definite article
L'article défini the sert à préciser un contexte. Il se traduit par le, la, les ou l'.
Exemple: I don't like milk.
Je n'aime pas le lait (je ne bois pas de lait).
Par contre, si on dit:
I don't like the milk.
Je n'aime pas le lait (je bois du lait, mais celui-ci n'est pas bon).
S'utilise
Ne s'utilise
pas
The
1) Devant les mots singuliers comme pluriels.
2) Devant un nom de canal, d'océan, de rivière, de mer, de péninsule, de
fleuve et d'une chaîne de montagnes.
3) Devant les choses considérées comme uniques (sea, sky, ground, Earth,
sun, moon, world, universe, North pole...)
4) Devant un pays au pluriel ou une nation.
5) Devant les mots Island, city, republic, kingdom.
1) Devant un nom de ville ou province.
2) Devant un nom de continent ou de pays au singulier.
3) Devant les noms de rue, de boulevard, d'avenue, de parc et de
carrefour.
4) Devant un nom de baie, de cap, d'île, de détroit ou de lac.
5) Devant les mots northern, western, southern, eastern.
6) Devant un jeu ou un sport.
7) Devant un jour de la semaine, une saison, une langue ou une matière
scolaire.
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A. Fill in the blanks with the if necessary.
1. We live in - Mont-Tremblant
2. I visited the Rockies in 1995.
3. The sofa on which you are sitting is comfortable.
4. She likes - tennis.
5. - Friday is my favorite day of the week.
6. We went to - Chicago last summer.
7. I visited the United states two years ago.
8. - Lac St-Jean is very big.
9. The climate of - southern Italy is very warm.
10. - New York city is the biggest town in the United states.
11. I don’t like - French.
12. The fire that destroyed the house started in the kitchen.
13. - Teenagers like heavy metal music.
14. There are several magazines on the table in the hall.
15. I don't like - strawberries; I prefer - raspberries.
17. The largest river in - North America is The St. Lawrence.
18. On our trip to - South America, we plan to stop in Haïti and the
Dominican republic. We are going to swim in the Atlantic ocean.
19. I'm the best teacher. And you're the best students.
20. The sky on Mars is pink.
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B. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate article (the, a or an) if necessary.
1. We all had a good time at the /a party last night.
2. There is a table in the English classroom.
3. - Mexico's subways are very quiet.
4. It seems that the Russian language is difficult to learn.
5. My wife bought a new stove last week.. It has a timer, a clock, and
a light for the oven.
6. We often go to the /a zoo in the afternoon.
7. When you go to - Toronto, make sure to visit the CN tower.
8. - Canada is rich in - natural resources.
9. I enjoyed the movie. It spoke about the /- problems in - Africa.
10. Please, open the windows. the air isn't fresh.
11. - Traffic on - Grandville st. is heavy.
12. - Mont-Tremblant is the biggest ski station in - Eastern
Canada.
13. Mr. and Mrs. Ames are now travelling in the south of America. They plan to visit
Venezuela, - Colombia, - Peru and - Argentina.
14. There is a man waiting at the door.
15. The computer we ordered does not work.
16. I found a note on the door. It was from the milkman.
17. There was a collision in front of my house yesterday.
18. Will you take the/a car to go to the party?
19. I met the parents of my new girlfriend last night.
20. A good student always studies before an exam.
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Verb to be (past tense)
Affirmations
Subject
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
Verb to be
was
were
was
was
was
were
were
were
Object
present.
Negations
Subject Verb to be Not
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
was
were
was
was
was
were
were
were
not
Object
present.
Questions
Verb to be
Was
Were
Was
Was
Was
Were
Were
Were
Subject
I
you
he
she
it
we
you they
Object
present?
Contraction
wasn't weren't
wasn't
wasn't
wasn't weren't
weren't
weren't
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A. When possible, use the contracted form of the verb to be.
1. I was absent.
2. They were good students.
3. wasn't She was not present.
4. He was thirty-three years old.
5. Bruno and I were in group 18.
6. weren't We were not very good friends.
7. That dog was very dangerous.
8. She was mad at you.
9. weren't You were not happy.
10. wasn't I was not very tall.
11. My wife and I were pleased to meet you.
12. wasn't He was not happy.
13. weren't They were not home.
14. Steve and Cynthia were good at sports.
15. wasn't The dog was not in the backyard.
16. Mary was a doctor.
17. You were a good child.
18. It was on January 13th.
19. wasn't My father was not in a good mood.
20. I was against the war in Irak.
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B. Translate these sentences into French or English.
1. J'étais. I was.
2. Where was I? Où étais-je/Où est-ce que j'étais?
3. Tu étais. You were.
4. C’était plaisant. It was fun.
5. Ils étaient. They were.
6. Where were you? Où étais-tu?/Où étiez-vous?/Où est-ce que vous étiez?
7. Elle était contente. She was happy.
8. You were. Tu étais/Vous étiez.
9. Etait-il (le chat)? Was it?
10. Elle n'était pas présente. She wasn't present.
11. Was I? Étais-je? /Est-ce que j'étais?
12. I was not. Je n'étais pas.
13. They were not. Ils/elles n'étaient pas.
14. It was Sunday. C'était dimanche.
15. Nous étions absent. We were absent.
16. Était-il (le chien)? Was it?
17. He was in secondary one. Il était en secondaire 1.
18 Elles n'étaient pas. They were not
19. Why were you absent? Pourquoi étais-tu absent(e).
20. Où étiez-vous? Where were you?
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There was/There were
There was/ There were est la formule utilisée pour exprimer il y avait.
A. Use the correct form of there was/there were.
1. Was there someone at the door 2 minutes ago?
2. There were many policemen in our city last summer.
3. There were flowers on the table last night.
4. There was a mistake in your sentence.
5. There were two cars in the parking lot yesterday.
Affirmations
Negations
There Verb to be
(past) No
There
was
were
no
no
Object
book on the table.
books on the table.
There Verb to be (past) Object
Questions
Verb to be (past) There Object
There
was
were
a book on the table.
two books on the table.
Was
Were
there
a book on the table?
two books on the table?
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B. Last night, you had a dream . Tell your dream. Describe this picture using there
was/there were. Use negations too.
1. There was a flower.
2. There were trees.
3.
4.
5.
6. Answers will vary
7.
8.
9.
10.
C. Translate these sentences into French or English.
1. Y avait-il un crayon sur la table ce matin?
Was there a pencil on the table this morning?
2. There were 30 students in my group last year.
Il y avait 30 élèves dans mon groupe l'année dernière.
3. There was a pool in my backyard.
Il y avait une piscine dans ma cour.
4. Il n'y avait personne à la maison.
There was nobody home.
5. There were animals at the zoo I visited.
Il y avait des animaux au zoo que j'ai visité.
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Simple Past
Utilisation du simple past
Le simple past exprime une action complètement terminée.
Ex: I worked yesterday.
They went to Montréal last week.
N.B. Le simple past se traduit généralement par le passé composé, mais parfois aussi par
l'imparfait ou le passé simple.
Les verbes au simple past se conjuguent tous de la même façon à toutes les personnes
indépendamment qu'ils soient réguliers ou irréguliers. Par contre, leur forme change
selon qu'ils sont réguliers ou irréguliers.
Irréguliers:
1) Changent de forme Ex: To go went
2) Ne changent pas Ex: To cut cut
Il n'existe pas d'autres façons pour connaître le passé des verbes irréguliers que de les
apprendre à l'aide d'une liste (voir p.44) et les utiliser régulièrement.
Modes
Tenses
Simple
Present
Past Future
Conditional
Perfect
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Perfect
Progressive
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Progressive
Present
Past
Future
Conditional
Affirmations
Subject Verb in the past Object
I
You
He/She/It
We
You They
went (irregular)
worked (regular)
to school
yesterday.
last night.
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Réguliers: Prennent toujours ed à la fin. Par contre,
1) Les verbes se terminant par "e" à l'infinitif prennent un "d".
Ex: To date dated
2) Les verbes se terminant par Y:
a) gardent le y s'il est précédé d'une voyelle.
Ex: To pray prayed
b) changent le y pour "ied" s'il est précédé d'une consonne.
Ex: To study studied
3) Les verbes n'ayant qu'une syllabe:
a) se terminant par une voyelle et une consonne prennent deux consonnes.
Ex: To stop ----> stopped
b) se terminant par deux voyelles et une consonne prennent une consonne.
Ex: To rain ----> rained
Prononciation des verbes réguliers au passé
La prononciation du "ed" en anglais prend trois formes: T, D et ED.
a) Les verbes se terminant par les sons: S, SH, CH, K et P se prononcent (T) au passé.
Ex: Practice (S) Practiced (T)
Wash (SH) Washed (T)
Watch (CH) Watched (T)
Kick (K) Kicked (T) Stop (P) Stopped (T)
b) Les verbes se terminant par les sons: B, L, M, N, R et Z se prononcent (D) au passé.
Ex: Kill (L) Killed (D)
Learn (N) Learned (D)
Roar (R) Roared (D) Memorize (Z) Memorized (D)
c) Les verbes se terminant par les sons: D et T se prononcent (ED) au passé.
Ex: Want (T) Wanted (ED)
Trade (D) Traded (ED)
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Mots clés: Ils peuvent se placer à plusieurs endroits dans la phrase.
In…
Ex: Jacques Cartier discovered Québec in 1534.
In 1608, Champlain founded Québec.
Last…
Ex: Last weekend, I went to Montreal
I went to Montreal last Thursday.
Yesterday
Ex: I worked yesterday.
…ago
Ex: 5 years ago, I was in grade 2.
Negations
Subject
I
Verb
(infinitive) Object
last night.
to school
yesterday.
not
Auxiliary
did
work
go
Not
Contraction
didn't
Yes/no questions
Verb (infinitve) Object
last night?
to school
yesterday?
he
Auxiliary
Did
work
go
Subject
Information
questions
Question
word
Why
Verb
(infinitive) Object
last night?
to school
yesterday?
you
Auxiliary
did
work
go
Subject
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A. Conjugate the verbs in the simple past using the subject in brackets.
1. To pray (he) He prayed
2. To glance (I) I glanced
3. To dance (you) You danced
4. To prefer (they) They prefered
5. To write (she) She wrote
6. To fly (we) We flew
7. To be (I) I was
8. To begin (he) He began
9. To use (we) We used
10. To laugh (they) They laughed
11. To be (you) You were
12. To jump (you) You jumped
13. To sing (he) He sang
14. To listen (I) I listened
15. To cry (he) He cried
16. To swim (it) It swam
17. To travel (you) You travelled
18. To work (she) She worked
19. To display (you) You displayed
20. To whistle (I) I whistled
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B. Conjugate the verbs in the simple past.
1. I (to go) went to work every day last week.
2. They (to meet) met her on Monday.
3. When did Ann (to get up) get up this morning?
4. We (to drink) drank juice.
5. Bob (to know) knew the answers.
6. The goaler (to stop, negation) didn't stop the puck.
7. We (to sleep) slept very well last night.
8. They (to play, negation) didn't play tennis yesterday.
9. Where did you (to mail) mail the letter?
10. I (to leave) left because I (to have) had a headache.
11. We (to like, negation) didn't like the movie.
12. I (to do) did the laundry yesterday.
13. She (to go out) went out with her boyfriend last week.
14. Christine (to be, negation) wasn't alone.
15. (to be) Were you alone?
16. Peter (to take) took my pencil.
17. He (to write) wrote a letter to her girlfriend.
18. Why did she (to sell) sell her bike?
19. We (to have, negation) didn't have school yesterday.
20. I (to eat) ate at St-Hubert last night.
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C. Translate the following sentences into French or English.
1. J'ai mangé. I ate.
2. A-t-elle conduit? Did she drive?
3. Est-ce qu'elle a conduit? Did she drive?
4. She understood. Elle a compris/Elle comprenait.
5. Did you sleep? As-tu dormi?/Avez-vous dormi?
6. She played. Elle a joué/Elle jouait .
7. Tu n'as pas bu. You didn't drink.
8. Nous avons dormi. We slept.
9. Did we drink? Avons-nous bu?
10. Ont-elles conduit? Did they drive?
11. Did he play? A-t-il joué?/Est-ce qu'il a joué?
12. Il n'a pas joué (le chat). It didn't play
13. I understood. J'ai compris/Je comprenais.
14. Vous n'avez pas bu. You didn't drink.
15. Elles ont conduit. They drove.
16. Were they at school? Étaient-ils/elles à l'école?
17. I didn't play. Je n'ai pas joué.
18. We drank. Nous avons bu.
19. Est-ce que vous avez joué? Did you play?
20. Did you understand? As-tu/avez-vous compris?
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21. Est-ce que j'ai dormi? Did I sleep?
22. J'avais 10 ans. I was 10 years old.
23. We didn't drive. Nous n'avons pas conduit?
24. A-t-elle étudié? Did she study?
25. He drank. Il a bu.
26. I didn’t study for my exam. Je n'ai pas étudié pour mon examen.
27. As-tu regardé la partie? Did you watch the game?
28. Were you serious? Étais-tu/Étiez-vous sérieux?
29. She didn’t do her homework. Elle n'a pas fait ses devoirs.
30. Avez-vous gagné? Did you win?
31. I lost my eraser. J'ai perdu mon efface.
32. J’ai visité Ottawa. I visited Ottawa.
33. I went to cinema. Je suis allé au cinéma.
34. Elles ont vu le film. They saw the movie.
35. J’ai appellé mon ami. I called my friend.
36. Nous n’avons pas aimé le spectacle. We didn't like the show.
37. I did motocross. J'ai fait de la motocross
38. She didn’t stop calling me. Elle n'a pas arrêté de me téléphoner.
39. Where were you? Où étais-tu/étiez-vous?
40. Il a mangé le jambon (le chat). It ate the ham.