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What is one reason colonists came to America?

++ Freedom

++ Political liberty

++ Religious freedom

++ Economic opportunity

++ practice their religion

++ escape persecution

In the 1600s and 1700s, colonists from England and other European countries sailed across

the Atlantic Ocean to the American colonies. Some left Europe to escape religious restrictions

or persecution, to practice their religion freely. any came for political freedom, and somecame for economic opportunity. !hese freedoms and opportunities often did not e"ist in the

colonists# home countries. $or these settlers, the American colonies %ere a chance for

freedom and a ne% life. !oday, many people come to the &nited States for these same

reasons.

Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?

++ American Indians

++ Native Americans

'reat American Indian tri(es such as the )a*ao, Siou", hero-ee, and Irouois li*ed in

America at the time the /ilgrims arri*ed. !he /ilgrims settled in an area %here a tri(e called

the ampanoag li*ed. !he ampanoag taught the /ilgrims important s-ills, such as ho% to

farm %ith different methods and ho% to gro% crops such as corn, (eans, and suash.

elations %ith some American Indian tri(es (ecame tense and confrontational as more

Europeans mo*ed to America and migrated %est. E*entually, after much *iolence, the settlers

defeated those American Indian tri(es and too- much of their land.

What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves?

++ Africans

++ People from Africa

Sla*ery e"isted in many countries long (efore America %as founded. 2y 1700, many Africans

%ere (eing (rought to the American colonies as sla*es. en, %omen, and children %ere

(rought against their %ill. !hey %ere often separated from their families %hen they %ere soldas sla*es. Sla*es %or-ed %ithout payment and %ithout (asic rights. ost %or-ed in



thre% crates of tea o*er(oard into the 2oston Car(or http9::%%%.slideshare.net:al(ie

(m:e*ents;leading;to;the; american;re*olutionary;%ar; presentation

10. $irst ontinental ongress created 1779 one colonist from each of the 13 colonies

%ould meet in /hiladelphia As-ed <ing 'eorge to get rid of the ta"es >)o !a"ation

ithout epresentation=? 2oycotted all English goods

http9::%%%.slideshare.net:al(ie(m:e*ents;leading;to; the;american;re*olutionary;%ar;

presentation

Second ontinental ongress created et in /hiladelphia to create more organiDed

colonial go*ernment 'eorge ashington, 2enamin $ran-lin, 4ohn Cancoc-, Samuel

Adams, and !homas 4efferson 'eorge ashington commander of ontinental Army

http9::%%%.slideshare.net:al(ie(m:e*ents;leading;to;the; american;re*olutionary;%ar;

presentation

eclaration of Independence %ritten (y !homas 4efferson ongress appro*ed the

eclaration of Independence on 4uly th, 1776 ocument sent to <ing 'eorge III

http9::%%%.slideshare.net:al(ie( m:american;re*olutiionary;%ar; presentation

Septem(er 5, 17@5 2en $ran-lin and Sam Adams %ent to sign agreement %ith <ing

'eorge III to end the American e*olutionary ar http9::%%%.slideshare.net:al(ie(

m:american;re*olutiionary;%ar; presentation

33. 15 colonies (ecame 15 states Each state %as independent and free O%n money

system ifferent la%s created Each state more po%erful than central go*ernment

Articles of onfederation failed http9::%%%.slideshare.net:al(ie(m:a;ne%;nation;

presentation

35. onstitutional on*ention 17@7 in /hiladelphia 1 epresentati*e from each

stated e"cept hode Island /urpose of con*ention9 to create a central go*ernment for the

15 independent states 13 epresentati*es %rote onstitution in 5 months 4uly 3nd, 170

onstitution %as adopted http9::%%%.slideshare.net:al(ie (m:a;ne%;nation; presentation

Why did the colonists fight the British?

++ because of high taxes (taxation ithout representation!

++ because the "ritish army stayed in their houses

(boarding# $uartering!

++ because they didn%t have self&government !he American colonists# anger had (een

gro%ing for years (efore the e*olutionary ar (egan in 177.

http://image.slidesharecdn.com/revolutionarywar-090423121633-phpapp01/95/revolutionary-war-10-728.jpg?cb=1240507045








!he decision to separate from the 2ritish %as not an easy choice for many colonists. !he

2ritish ta"ed the colonists %ithout their consent, and the colonists had no(ody to represent

their needs and ideas to the 2ritish go*ernment. !hey %ere also angry (ecause ordinary

colonists %ere forced to let 2ritish soldiers sleep and eat in their homes. !he colonists

(elie*ed the 2ritish did not respect their (asic rights. !he 2ritish go*erned the colonists

%ithout their consent, denying them self;go*ernment.

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

++ (Thomas) Jefferson

!homas 4efferson %rote the eclaration of Independence in 1776. Ce %as a *ery important

political leader and thin-er. Some of the most important ideas a(out the American go*ernment

are found in the eclaration of Independence, such as the idea that all people are created

eual. Another important idea is that people are (orn %ith certain rights including life, li(erty,

and the pursuit of happiness. 4efferson %as the third president of the &nited States, ser*ingfrom 1@01 to 1@0. 2efore (ecoming president, 4efferson %as go*ernor of Firginia and the

first &.S. secretary of state. Ce strongly supported indi*idual rights, especially freedom of

religion. 4efferson %anted to protect these rights. $or this reason, he did not %ant a strong

national go*ernment.

When was the Declaration of Independence

adopted?

++ July 4, 1776

In 177, representati*es from 13 of the 15 colonies

met in /hiladelphia, /ennsyl*ania, for the $irst

ontinental ongress. Of the 15 colonies, only

'eorgia %as a(sent. !hese representati*es %ere angry

a(out 2ritish la%s that treated them unfairly. !hey

(egan to organiDe an army. !he Second ontinental

ongress met in 177 after fighting (egan (et%een

the colonists and the 2ritish Army. !his ongress as-ed

!homas 4efferson and others to %rite the eclaration

of Independence. hen !homas 4efferson finished

his draft of the eclaration of Independence, he too-

it to 4ohn Adams, 2enamin $ran-lin, and the others



on the committee to re*ie% it. After changes %ere

made (y the committee, the eclaration %as read

to the mem(ers of the entire ongress. !he purpose

of the eclaration %as to announce the separation

of the colonies from England. !he eclaration of

Independence stated that if a go*ernment does not

protect the rights of the people, the people can create

a ne% go*ernment. $or this reason, the colonists

separated from their 2ritish rulers. On 4uly ,

1776, the Second ontinental ongress adopted the

eclaration of Independence.

There were ! original states" #ame three"

++ New Hampshire elaware

++ !assachuse""s !arylan#

++ $ho#e %slan# &ir'inia

++ onnec"icu" Nor"h arolina

++ New or* ou"h arolina

++ New Jersey eor'ia

++ Pennsyl-ania

!he 15 original states %ere all former 2ritish colonies.

epresentati*es from these colonies came together and

declared independence from 'reat 2ritain in 1776.

After the e*olutionary ar, the colonies (ecame free

and independent states. hen the 15 colonies (ecame

states, each state set up its o%n go*ernment. !hey

%rote state constitutions. E*entually, the people in

these states created a ne% form of national go*ernment



that %ould unite all the states into a single nation

under the &.S. onstitution, !oday, the &nited States has 0 states

What happened at the $onstitutional

$onvention?

++ The ons"i"u"ion was wri""en.

++ The /oun#in' /a"hers wro"e "he ons"i"u"ion.

!he onstitutional on*ention %as held in

/hiladelphia, /ennsyl*ania, from ay to Septem(er

17@7. $ifty;fi*e delegates from 13 of the original

15 states Ge"cept for hode IslandH met to %rite

amendments to the Articles of onfederation. !he

delegates met (ecause many American leaders did

not li-e the Articles. !he national go*ernment under

the Articles of onfederation %as not strong enough.

Instead of changing the Articles of onfederation,

the delegates decided to create a ne% go*erning

document %ith a stronger national go*ernmentthe

onstitution. Each state sent delegates, %ho %or-ed

for four months in secret to allo% for free and open

discussion as they %rote the ne% document. !he

delegates %ho attended the onstitutional on*ention

are called >the $ramers.? On Septem(er 17, 17@7, 5

of the delegates signed the ne% onstitution.

When was the $onstitution written?

++ 1707

!he onstitution, %ritten in 17@7, created a ne%

system of &.S. go*ernmentthe same system %e



ha*e today. 4ames adison %as the main %riter of

the onstitution. Ce (ecame the fourth president of

the &nited States. !he &.S. onstitution is short, (ut

it defines the principles of go*ernment and the rights

of citiDens in the &nited States. !he document has a

pream(le and se*en articles. Since its adoption, the

onstitution has (een amended GchangedH 37 times.

!hree;fourths of the states G of the original 15H

%ere reuired to ratify Gappro*eH the onstitution.

the onstitution too- effect and ongress met

for the first time. 'eorge ashington %as inaugurated

as president the same year. 2y 170, all 15 states had

ratified the onstitution.

The %ederalist &apers supported the passage of

the '"(" $onstitution" #ame one of the writers"

++ (James) !a#ison

++ (Alean#er) Hamil"on

++ (John) Jay

++ Pu2lius

!he $ederalist /apers %ere @ essays that %ere

printed in )e% Jor- ne%spapers %hile )e% Jor-

State %as deciding %hether or not to support the &.S.

onstitution. !he essays %ere %ritten in 17@7 and

17@@ (y Ale"ander Camilton, 4ohn 4ay, and 4ames

adison under the pen name >/u(lius.? !he essays

e"plained %hy the state should ratify the onstitution.

Other ne%spapers outside )e% Jor- also pu(lished



the essays as other states %ere deciding to ratify the

onstitution. In 17@@, the papers %ere pu(lished

together in a (oo- called 'he Federalist . !oday, people

still read the $ederalist /apers to help them understand

the onstitution.

What is one thing Ben)amin %ranklin is famous

for?

++ 3.. #iploma"

++ ol#es" mem2er of "he ons"i"u"ional on-en"ion

++ firs" Pos"mas"er eneral of "he 3ni"e# "a"es

++ wri"er of Poor $ichar#5s Almanac

++ s"ar"e# "he firs" free li2raries

2enamin $ran-lin %as one of the most influential

$ounding $athers of the &nited States. Ce %as the

oldest delegate to the onstitutional on*ention and

one of the signers of the &.S. onstitution. Ce %as

a printer, author, politician, diplomat, and in*entor.

2y his mid;30s, he %as an accomplished printer,

and he (egan %riting (oo-s and papers. $ran-lin#s

most famous pu(lication %as Poor Richard%s Almanac. Ce

also organiDed America#s first li(rary. Its mem(ers

loaned (oo-s to one another. Ce %as *ery acti*e in

colonial politics. Ce also *isited England and $rance

many times as a &.S. diplomat. In 177, the Second

ontinental ongress appointed $ran-lin the first

postmaster general.

Who is the *%ather of +ur $ountry,?



++ (eor'e) ashin'"on

'eorge ashington is called the $ather of Our

ountry. Ce %as the first American president. 2efore

that, he %as a (ra*e general %ho led the ontinental

Army to *ictory o*er 'reat 2ritain during the

American e*olutionary ar. After his *ictory o*er

the 2ritish Army, ashington retired to his farm in

Firginia named ount Fernon. Ce left retirement to

help create the ne% country#s system of go*ernment.

Ce presided o*er the onstitutional on*ention in

/hiladelphia in 17@7.

Who was the first &resident?-

++ (eor'e) ashin'"on

'eorge ashington %as the first president of the

&nited States. Ce (egan his first term in 17@.

Ce ser*ed for a second term (eginning in 175.

ashington played an important role in forming

the ne% nation and encouraged Americans to unite.

Ce also helped define the American presidency. Ce

*oluntarily resigned from the presidency after t%o

terms. Ce set an e"ample for future leaders in his o%n country and the %orld (y *oluntarilygi*ing up

po%er. !he tradition of a president ser*ing no more

than t%o terms continued in the &nited States until

$ran-lin . oose*elt, %ho %as elected to office four

times G155B1H. !he 33nd Amendment to the

onstitution, passed in 17, no% limits presidents to



t%o terms.

#ame one war fought by the 'nited (tates in the

.//s"

++ ar of 1018

++ !eican9American ar

++ i-il ar

++ panish9American ar

In the i*il ar, the people of the &nited States

fought against each other. Americans in the northern

states fought to support the federal go*ernment

G>the &nion?H against Americans from the southern

states. !he southern states %ere trying to separate

themsel*es to form a ne% nation, the onfederate

States of America G>the onfederacy?H. !he %ar lasted

from 1@61 to 1@6, %hen the onfederate army

surrendered to the &nion army. any li*es %ere lost

in the American i*il ar.

#ame the '"(" war between the #orth and the

(outh"

++ "he i-il ar

++ "he ar 2e"ween "he "a"es

!he American i*il ar is also -no%n as the ar

(et%een the States. It %as a %ar (et%een the people

in the northern states and those in the southern states. !he i*il ar %as fought in many

places

across the &nited States, (ut most (attles %ere

fought in the southern states. !he first (attle %as



at $ort Sumter, South arolina. !he first maor

(attle (et%een the northern G&nionH army and the

southern GonfederateH army too- place at 2ull un,

in anassas, Firginia, in 4uly 1@61. !he &nion

e"pected the %ar to end uic-ly. After its defeat at

the 2attle of 2ull un, the &nion realiDed that the %ar

%ould (e long and difficult. In 1@6, the i*il ar

ended %ith the capture of the onfederate capital in

ichmond, Firginia. onfederate 'eneral o(ert E.

8ee surrendered to 8t. 'eneral &lysses S. 'rant of the

&nion army at Appomatto" ourthouse in central

Firginia. O*er the four;year period, more than 5

million Americans fought in the i*il ar and more

than 600,000 people died.

#ame one problem that led to the $ivil War"

++ sla-ery

++ economic reasons

++ s"a"es5 ri'h"s

!he i*il ar (egan %hen 11 southern states *oted

to secede GseparateH from the &nited States to form

their o%n country, the onfederate States of America.

!hese southern states (elie*ed that the federal

go*ernment of the &nited States threatened their right

to ma-e their o%n decisions. !hey %anted states#

rights %ith each state ma-ing their o%n decisions

a(out their go*ernment. If the national go*ernment

contradicted the state, they did not %ant to follo% the



national go*ernment. !he )orth and South had *ery

different economic systems. !he South#s agriculture(ased

economy depended hea*ily on sla*e la(or.

!he southern states feared that the &nited States

go*ernment %ould end sla*ery. !he southern states

(elie*ed that this %ould hurt their economic and

political independence. !he economy of the northern

states %as more industrial and did not depend on

sla*ery. !he northern states fought to -eep all the

&nited States together in >the &nion.? !hey tried to

stop the southern states from separating into a ne%

onfederate nation. !here %ere also many people

in the )orth %ho %anted to end sla*ery. !hese

differences led to the American i*il ar, %hich lasted

from 1@61 until 1@6.

What was one important thing that Abraham

0incoln did?-

++ free# "he sla-es (:mancipa"ion Proclama"ion)

++ sa-e# (or preser-e#) "he 3nion

++ le# "he 3ni"e# "a"es #urin' "he i-il ar

A(raham 8incoln %as president of the &nited States

from 1@61 to 1@6, and led the nation during the

i*il ar. 8incoln thought the separation of the

southern GonfederateH states %as unconstitutional,

and he %anted to preser*e the &nion. In 1@65,

during the i*il ar, he issued the Emancipation

/roclamation. It declared that the sla*es %ho li*ed



in the re(elling onfederate states %ere fore*er free.

8incoln is also famous for his >'ettys(urg Address.?

Ce ga*e that speech at 'ettys(urg, /ennsyl*ania, in

)o*em(er 1@65. Earlier that year, at the 2attle of

'ettys(urg, the northern G&nionH army had %on

a maor (attle to stop the onfederate army from

in*ading the )orth. !o honor the many %ho died in

this (attle, the go*ernor of /ennsyl*ania esta(lished

the Soldiers# )ational emetery at 'ettys(urg 8incoln

spo-e at the dedication ceremony and praised those

%ho fought and died in (attle. Ce as-ed those still

li*ing to rededicate themsel*es to sa*ing the &nion

so that >go*ernment of the people, (y the people, for

the people shall not perish from the earth.? On April

1, 1@6, soon after ta-ing office for his second term,

A(raham 8incoln %as -illed (y a southern supporter,

4ohn il-es 2ooth, at $ord#s !heatre in ashington,

..

What did the Emancipation &roclamation do?

++ free# "he sla-es

++ free# sla-es in "he onfe#eracy

++ free# sla-es in "he onfe#era"e s"a"es

++ free# sla-es in mos" ou"hern s"a"es

In 1@65, in the middle of the i*il ar, /resident

A(raham 8incoln issued the Emancipation

/roclamation. !he Emancipation /roclamation declared

that sla*es li*ing in the southern or onfederate



states %ere free. any sla*es oined the &nion army.

In 1@6, the i*il ar ended and the southern

sla*es -ept their right to (e free. !he Emancipation

/roclamation led to the 15th Amendment to the

onstitution, %hich ended sla*ery in all of the &nited

States.

What did (usan B" Anthony do?

++ fou'h" for women5s ri'h"s

++ fou'h" for ci-il ri'h"s

Susan 2. Anthony %as (orn in assachusetts on

$e(ruary 1, 1@30. She is -no%n for campaigning for

the right of %omen to *ote. She spo-e out pu(licly

against sla*ery and for eual treatment of %omen in

the %or-place. In 130, the 1th Amendment to the

onstitution ga*e %omen the right to *ote. Susan

2. Anthony died 1 years (efore the adoption of

the 1th Amendment, (ut it %as still %idely -no%n

as the Susan 2. Anthony Amendment. In 17, she

(ecame the first %oman %hose image appeared on a

circulating &.S. coin. !he coin is called the Susan 2.

Anthony dollar and is %orth one dollar.

#ame one war fought by the 'nited (tates in the

1//s"-

++ orl# ar %

++ orl# ar %%

++ ;orean ar

++ &ie"nam ar



++ (Persian) ulf ar

Who did the 'nited (tates fight in

World War II?

++ Japan, ermany, an# %"aly

Why does the flag have 2/ stars?-

++ 2ecause "here is one s"ar for each s"a"e

++ 2ecause each s"ar represen"s a s"a"e

++ 2ecause "here are <= s"a"es

Why does the flag have ! stripes?

++ 2ecause "here were 1> ori'inal colonies

++ 2ecause "he s"ripes represen" "he ori'inal colonies

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