question physics

7/28/2019 Question Physics

1/19

1 4531/2Section A

[60 marks]

Answerall questions in this section.

1. Diagram 1 shows an insecticide spray.

Diagram 1

(a) (i) Which of the region P, Q or R will experience high pressure?_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(ii) Explain why the region experiences high pressure?

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(b) State the region that experiences the atmospheric pressure?____________________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(c) Explain how the insecticide sprays out of the container.____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

[2 marks]

(d) Name a physics principle involved in the above observation.____________________________________________________________________

[1 mark]


2/19

2 4531/22. Diagram 2 shows an incomplete ray diagram of an object O placed in front of a concave

mirror. C is the centre of curvature and F is the focal point of the mirror.

Diagram 2

(a) Name the phenomenon involved in the formation of the image.____________________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(b) (i) Complete the ray diagram on Diagram 2 to show how the image is formed.[3 marks]

(ii) State one characteristic of the image formed.

_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(iii) Name one application of concave mirror that is used to produce magnified

and upright image.

______________________________________________________________

[1mark

]


3/19

3 4531/23. Diagram 3.1 shows a Venturi tube. The level of water in the Venturi tube are the same

when both end of the tube are closed. On Diagram 3.2, both ends are open, the speed of

water at P, Q and R are vP, vQ and vRrespectively.

Diagram 3.1

Diagram 3.2

(a) Why are the water levels in Diagram 3.1 the same?____________________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(b) Based on Diagram 3.2,(i) arrange the speed of water at P, Q and R in an increasing order.

_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(ii) mark the water levels in the Venturi tube in Diagram 3.2, when water flowsthrough the tube.

[2 marks]

(iii) compare the pressure of water at P, Q and R._______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(iv) What is the relationship between the speed of water and the pressure of water?_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]


4/19

4 4531/2(c) Explain why a person who is standing near a railway track will experience a force

towards the track when a train moves with higher speed on the track.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

4. A substance Y of mass 0.5 kg is heated using a heater with a power of 100 W.The temperature-time graph is shown in Diagram 4.

Diagram 4

(a)

What is the temperature of substance Y after 300 s?__________________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(b) Based on the graph in Diagram 4, calculate(i) the heat energy absorbed by substance Y at region KL.

[2 marks]

(ii) the specific heat capacity of substance Y.

[2 marks]

(iii) the specific latent heat of substance Y.

[2 marks]


5/19

5 4531/25. Diagram 5 is a set up apparatus used to investigate the relationship between pressure and

temperature of air at constant volume and mass.

Diagram 5

(a) Based on Diagram 5, choose the correct measuring instrument labeled XTick ( / ) the correct answer in the box provided.

Barometer

Bourdon gauge

Manometer

[1 mark]

(b) State the physical quantity measured by X.____________________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(c) (i) What will happen to the reading of X when the temperature increases?_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(ii) Give one reason for the answer in 5(c)(i).

______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]


6/19

6 4531/2(d) A car tyre has a pressure of 130 kPa at a temperature of 27C.

Calculate the temperature of the air in the tyre if the pressure increases to 136 kPa?

[3 marks]

6. Diagram 6 shows a coin at the base of the beaker which contains a liquid with the depth of13 cm. The observer found the image of the coin appears to be 5 cm from the base of the

beaker.

Diagram 6

(a) Name the light phenomenon involved.____________________________________________________________________

[1mark]

(b) Explain how this phenomenon occurs.____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

[2 marks]

(c) Calculate the refractive index of the liquid.

[2 marks]


7/19

7 4531/2(d) The liquid is replace with less dense liquid.

(i) What happens to the image of the coin?_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(ii) Give the reason for your answer in (d)(i) base on the concept of apparentdepth.

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

7. A technician is tracing water pipe line laid underground to detect leakage point. Threetypes of radioisotope is suggested to be used to detect the leakage point of the pipe. Small

amount of radioisotope is dissolved in the water reservoir.

Radioisotope Half life Types of radiation Physical state

Sodium-24 15 hours Gamma Liquid

Iodine-131 8 days Gamma Liquid

Phosphorus-32 15 days beta Solid

Table 7

A Geiger-Muller (G-M) counter is moved over the pipe according to layout plan. At a

point, the G-M counter detected high radiation level indicating the point of leakage.

(a) Based on table 7, state the most suitable properties of the radioisotope used to detectthe leakage. Give reasons for the suitability of the properties.

(i) Half life_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

Reason

_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]


8/19

8 4531/2(ii) Types of radiation

_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

Reason

_______________________________________________________________[1 mark]

(iii) Physical state_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

Reason

_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(b) The element Stratium-90 is half life 28 years.(i) Find the time for the activity to reduce to

16

1of the original value.

_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(ii) The number of Stratium atoms at the beginning is 5.0 x 1015.Find the number of atom after 140 years which not yet decay?

_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(c) (i) State one instrument used to detect radioactivity._______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(ii) State one advantage of radioisotope.

_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]


9/19

9 4531/2

8. Table 8.1 shows three types of remote control toy car and their characteristics.Types of toy car Tyre diametre Mass Voltage of

battery used

Toy car A

4.0 cm 1.3 kg 9.0 V

Toy car B

4.0 cm 2.5 kg 9.0 V

Toy car C

4.0 cm 1.7 kg 9.0 V

Table 8.1

(a) (i) Based on Table 8.1, which toy car is the most difficult to start moving?_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(ii) Give one reason for the answer in 8(a)(i) and state the relationship between the

reason and physics concept involved.

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

[2 marks]


10/19

10 4531/2(b) Diagram 8.2 shows, Sarah is pushing a 5.0 kg box with difference forces on three

type of rough surface of wooden plane, P, Q and R.

Diagram 8.2

Table 8.2 shows the magnitude accelerations, a and force applied, F to push the box

on each surface of wooden plane.

Wooden Plane P Q R

Acceleration, a (ms-

) 4.0 2.5 4.5

Force, F (N) 50.0 40.0 30.0

Table 8.2

(i) What is the meaning of frictional force?_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

(c) Calculate the friction force of each surface of wooden plane.(i)

Wooden plane P

[2 marks]

(ii) Wooden plane Q

[1 marks]


11/19

11 4531/2(iii) Wooden plane R

[1 marks]

(d) Determine the most suitable surface of wooden plane to build a slide at childrensplaygrounds. Give a reason.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

[2 marks]


12/19

12 4531/2Section B

[20 marks]

Answer any one question from this section.

9. (a) Diagram 9.1 shows two frying pans M and N that are made of different material with

different specific heat capacity are used to boil the same volume of water.

Diagram 9.2 shows the time taken for the water to boil. When boiling, the frying pan

and the water are in thermal equilibrium.

[Assume frying pan M and frying pan N are of the same size and same thickness]

Frying pan M made of aluminium

with specific heat capacity of 900 Jkg-1C-1

Diagram 9.1

Diagram 9.2

(i) What is the meaning of thermal equilibrium?[1 mark]

(ii) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the specific heat capacity of thefrying pan, the time taken for the water to boil and the change in temperature.

Relate the specific heat capacity of the frying pan with the time taken for the

water to boil.

Make a deduction regarding the relationship between the specific heat capacity

of the frying pan and the rate of change in temperature of the frying pan.

[5 marks]

Frying pan N made of iron with specific

heat capacity of 452 Jkg-1C-1

Water boils after 10 minutes Water boils after 5 minutes

Frying pan M Frying pan N


13/19

13 4531/2(b) The amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of 1 kilogram water by 1C in

the frying pan M and frying pan N are Q1 and Q2 respectively.

(i) Compare Q1 and Q2.

Give one reason for this answer.

[2marks

]

(ii) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, name two types of heat that are involved

during heating and boiling.

[2 marks]

(c) Diagram 9.3 shows the cross section of a pressure cooker.

Diagram 9.3

You are required to give some suggestions to design a pressure cooker which can

cook food in a shorter time. Using the knowledge on heat, pressure and the

properties of materials, explain the suggestions based on the following aspects:

(i) material used for the base of the pot.[2 marks]

(ii) material used for the handle of the pot.[2

marks]

(iii) thickness of the wall of the pot.[2 marks]

(iv) safety of the pressure cooker.[2 marks]

(v) way to prevent leakage of steam.[2 marks]


14/19

14 4531/210. Diagram 10.1 shows the Foothill and Mountain peak of Mount Kinabalu, Sabah.

Diagram 10.1

(a) What is meant by atmospheric pressure?[1 mark]

(b) Using Diagram 10.1, compare the altitude between mountain peak and foothill, theair pressure at mountain peak and foothill and density of air between the two

altitudes.

State the relationship between the altitude and the air pressure. Hence, deduce arelationship between the atmospheric pressure and density of air.

[5 marks]

(c) Diagram 10.2 shows a drinking straw in a glass of water.

Diagram 10.2

Explain how to drink the water by using the drinking straw.

[4 marks]


15/19

15 4531/2(d) Malaysian Hiking Club is going to organise a climbing expedition to Mount Everest.

As a team advisor, you are required to set designs of equipments are needed for all

team members so that, they can withstand to extreme cold weather along the

expedition, hence help them to reach summit of Everest safely. The summit

temperature averages about -36C, thin air and land floor covered by ice and glacier.

Using your knowledge of forces, pressure, temperature and properties of matter,

state and explain the suggestions based on the following aspects:

(i) The attire of the climber(ii) The type of material used for backpack(iii) The way to breathe in high altitudes(iv) The design of climbing equipment.

[10 marks]


16/19

16 4531/2Section C

[20 marks]

Answer any one question from this section.

11. Diagram 11 shows a doctor used a thermometer to measure the body temperature of a boy.

Diagram 11

(a) What is the meaning of temperature?[1

mark]

(b) Explain, in terms of thermal equilibrium, how the thermometer reads the bodytemperature of the boy?

[4 marks]

(c) A thermometer which is not calibrated has a mercury column of length 5.0 cm whenthe temperature is 0C and 25.0 cm when the temperature is 100C. The mercury

column is 12.0 cm when put in liquid X.(i) Determine the temperature of liquid X in Kelvin.

[4 marks]

(ii) State a thermometric property used when making of a thermometer.[1 mark]


17/19

17 4531/2(d) Table 11 shows the characteristics of five thermometers, P, Q, R, S and T.

Thermometer Liquid used Glass walled

bulb

Diameter of

Capillary tube

Glass-bore stem and

cross-section

P Mercury Thin Big

thick and curved

Q Mercury Thick Small

thin and plane

R Mercury Thin Small

thin and curved

S Alcohol Thick Big

thick and plane

T Alcohol Thin Small

thick and curved

Freezing point of mercury = -39C Boiling point of mercury = 360C

Freezing point of alcohol = -112C Boiling point of alcohol = 78C

Table 11

A research project is carried out on the weather of a region with the surrounding

temperature is between -40C to -8C. Thermometer is an equipment to be taken for the

research project.

As a researcher, you are required to determine the most suitable thermometer to be taken

with as one item of the equipment. Study the characteristics of all the five thermometers

based on the following aspects:

- The liquid used- Glass wall bulb- Diameter of capillary tube- Glass bore stem and cross sectionExplain the suitability of the aspects.

Justify your choice.

[10 marks]


18/19

18 4531/212. Diagram 12.1 shows the hydraulic brake system for a car. The hydraulic brake system used

in an automobile is a multiple system which use Pascals Principle.

Diagram 12.1

(a) State the Pascals Principle.[1 mark]

(b) Explain how the hydraulic brake system above operate to slow down the car.[4 marks]

(c) In a hydraulic brake, force of 600 N is applied to a small piston of area 5 cm 2.Determine

(i) pressure transmitted through the liquid(ii) force exerted on the large piston of area 20 cm2

[5 marks]


19/19

19 4531/2

(d) A car needs an efficient hydraulic brake system for safety purpose.Table 2 shows the characteristic of four different hydraulic brake.

Hydraulic

brake

Type of

liquid

Ratio of area of large

piston to the area of

small piston

Metal used for brake pad

Melting Point

(C)

Expansion

rate

S Oil 1 576 High

T Alcohol 4 1780 Low

U Oil 10 3500 Low

V Alcohol 6 3110 High

Table 2

Explain the suitability of each characteristic of the hydraulic brake and choose the

most suitable hydraulic brake to be used to stop the car effectively.

[10 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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