qp-spc-l- 002 rev 2 , 16-05-2013

STANDARDS PUBLICATION

QP SPECIFICATION FOR PAINTING AND WRAPPING OF METAL SURFACES

(NEW CONSTRUCTION & MAINTENANCE)

DOC NO: QP-SPC-L-002

REVISION 2

CORPORATE HSE SUPPORT

QP SPECIFICATION FOR PAINTING & WRAPPING OF METAL SURFACES (NEW CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE) Doc. No.: QP-SPC- L-002 Rev. 2

Doc. File No.: SPC.L.002.R2 Page 2 of 88 Custodian Dept.: ST

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page No.

FOREWORD 1.0 OBJECTIVE ................... 5

2.0 SCOPE..................... 5

3.0 APPLICATION ................... 5

4.0 TERMINOLOGY .................... 5 4.1 DEFINITIONS .................... 5 4.2 ABBREVIATIONS .................. 8

5.0 REFERENCE STANDARDS AND CODES .................. 8 5.1 PAINTING AND COATING GENERAL.. 8 5.2 SURFACE PREPARATION 9 5.3 INSPECTION AND TESTING. 9 5.4 COLOUR CODING... 11 5.5 HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT... 11

6.0 GENERAL CONTRACTOR REQUIREMENTS.. 12

7.0 HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS.................. 13 7.1 GENERAL SAFETY AND HAZARD CONSIDERATIONS 13 7.2 ACCESS FACILITIES AND SCAFFOLDING... 14 7.3 BLASTING AND SPRAY PAINTING EQUIPMENT 14 7.4 PAINTS, SOLVENTS AND ABRASIVES.. 15 7.5 PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT 16 7.6 PAINT, SOLVENT, CHEMICAL AND WASTE MATERIAL DISPOSAL.. 17

8.0 PAINTING OF NEW EQUIPMENT AND STRUCTURES 17 8.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS. 17 8.2 VENDOR STANDARD COATING SYSTEMS. 18 8.3 MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT NOT TO BE PAINTED... 18

9.0 PAINTING OF EXISTING EQUIPMENT AND STRUCTURES 19 9.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS. 19

10.0 SURFACE PREPARATION 20 10.1 PREPARATORY GRINDING AND DEGREASING 20 10.2 GENERAL BLAST CLEANING REQUIREMENTS. 21 10.3 DRY BLAST CLEANING. 22 10.4 WET ABRASIVE BLAST CLEANING AND WATER JETTING 23 10.5 POWER TOOL SURFACE PREPARATION 24 10.6 MECHANICAL HAND TOOL SURFACE PREPARATION 25 10.7 CHEMICAL PICKLING. 25

11.0 PAINT APPLICATION. 26 11.1 PAINT SUITABILITY, STORAGE AND MIXING. 26 11.2 PAINT APPLICATION EQUIPMENT. 27 11.3 PAINT APPLICATION METHODOLOGY. 27 11.4 REPAIR OF DAMAGED PAINTWORK. 29

12.0 WRAPPING TAPE APPLICATION... 30



12.1 TAPE SUITABILITY AND STORAGE... 30 12.2 SURFACE PREPARATION 30 12.3 TAPE APPLICATION METHODOLOGY.. 31 12.4 REPAIR OF DAMAGED WRAPPING TAPE 32 12.5 PROTECTION OF THREADED CONNECTIONS & FLANGED JOINTS... 32

13.0 INSPECTION DURING SURFACE PREPARATION AND COATING 33 13.1 GENERAL INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS... 33 13.2 INSPECTION SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS.. 34 13.3 INSPECTION OF EQUIPMENT, MATERIALS AND ACCESS FACILITES 35 13.4 PREPARATORY AND COATING INSPECTION AND TEST WORK.. 36 13.5 INSPECTION EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS.. 40

14.0 QUALITY REQUIREMENTS.. 41

15.0 DOCUMENTATION. 42

16.0 PROTECTIVE SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION BY AREA, SERVICE AND

MATERIAL

43

17.0 COATING AND WRAPPING SCHEDULES 44

18.0 COLOUR CODING & IDENTIFICATION SCHEDULES 64

19.0 APPENDICES...... 65 19.1 APPENDIX A: TABLES 65

19.2 APPENDIX B: FIGURES. 73

19.3 APPENDIX C: MINIMUM FORCED VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS FOR ENCLOSED SPACES DURING PAINT APPLICATION AND CURING.. 74

19.4 APPENDIX D: COLOUR CODING AND IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM FOR PIPEWORK, VALVES AND VALVE ACCESS MANHOLE COVERS.. 75

REVISION HISTORY LOG............................................................................ 88



FOREWORD

This document has been revised by Corporate Standards Working Group Four for Material and Corrosion Control and Mitigation - Task Force One - Painting and Wrapping (WG4-TF1), reviewed by Corporate HSE Support Department Materials and Facilities Integrity Division, Corporate Quality and Management Systems Department Standards Division and User Departments, and endorsed by QP Management for use as QP Specification for Painting & Wrapping of Metal Surfaces (New Construction and Maintenance) The document is published for QP Departments, Contractors and Consultants utilization for the painting and wrapping of metallic equipment, structures and components other than subsea pipelines, the splash zone section of riser lines and the internal surfaces of pipework and valves. It is emphasised that the requirements of the document should be adopted and utilised in their entirety for all such work undertaken for QP whenever applicable and appropriate. This document is the second revision of this QP specification, which was originally issued in January 2002. It reflects as far as possible the current QP requirements for this type of work, taking account of the present industrial practices, materials and technology and the latest applicable National and International Standards and Codes. It will be subject to further periodic review, to re-affirm its adequacy, conform to any changes in QP requirements and include new developments in the field. It is recognised that there will be situations where addenda, data sheets or points of clarification require to be attached to the document, in order to suit a specific application or service environment. In such situations, the contents shall not be changed or re-edited by any user but any addenda or clarifications that would entail major changes shall be brought to the attention of the Custodian Department. Any proposed exceptions or deviations from this Specification shall also be submitted, together with justification, to the Custodian Department for review and consideration. The Custodian of this document is Corporate HSE Support Department (ST). Therefore, all comments, views, recommendations, etc on this document should be forwarded to the same and copied to Manager, Corporate Quality & Management Systems Department (QA).

Whilst ST is the document Custodian, it is not mandatory that STI is involved in the selection, testing or approval of preparatory, paint and wrapping products and systems for individual applications. This responsibility lies with the Asset Owner, who should liaise with relevant project and maintenance personnel and product manufacturers in order to approve products and systems for use and carry out any required testing.

Year: 2013



1.0 OBJECTIVE

1.1 The objective of this Specification is to define the QP requirements for the protective coating and wrapping of all new and existing metallic equipment, structures and components and the specific requirements for different types of equipment, service environment and constructional material.

1.2 It provides a technical basis for developing individual painting and wrapping project specifications, coating schedules and purchase requisitions. It also enables the painting and wrapping work carried out by Contractors to be monitored for compliance with specification requirements.

2.0 SCOPE

2.1 This document specifies the minimum QP requirements for the surface preparation, painting and wrapping of metallic equipment, structures and components for both onshore and offshore facilities, including inspection, testing and reporting, for corrosion protection and aesthetic purposes during new construction and maintenance.

2.2 It covers the general, safety, environmental and quality control requirements for the materials used and the surface preparation of, and application of paint and wrapping tape to, the exterior of vessels, tanks, process equipment, pipework, pipelines and structural steelwork and the interior of vessels and tanks.

2.3 It identifies the specific painting and wrapping system requirements for items to be painted and wrapped for individual applications, based upon the nature of the service conditions and environment and the constructional materials involved. It details the specific surface preparation and paint system and wrapping tape requirements, including the standard of surface cleanliness and roughness, the number of coats of each type of paint and/or layers of wrapping tape and their film thickness.

2.4 The following items are outside the scope of this document: a) External coating of sub-sea pipelines, which is covered by QP-SPC-L-004. b) External coating of the Splash Zone section of riser lines, which is covered by QP-

SPC-L-003. c) Internal cement-based lining of pipework and vessels. d) Internal coating (lining) of pipework and valves. e) Repair of rubber-lined pipework and vessels.

f) External coating or reinforcement of plastic items and coating of concrete surfaces.

3.0 APPLICATION

3.1 This Specification shall be used for all painting and wrapping of newly constructed equipment, piping, structures and associated attachments, including repair during and after installation, and for the field maintenance painting and wrapping of existing facilities, from local touch up work to full refurbishment.

3.2 All surface preparation, paint application and wrapping shall be carried out in accordance with this Specification and the Paint Manufacturers' recommendations. In the case of conflict between this Specification and the Paint Manufacturer's recommendations, the most stringent requirements shall apply.

4.0 TERMINOLOGY

4.1 DEFINITIONS

Amplitude - The average peak to trough height of the profile of a steel surface after preparation by abrasive blast cleaning (see Profile).



Applicator - A party to a contract who is responsible for the application of paint coatings and wrappings, including all surface preparation. An Applicator may be a Contractor or nominated Sub-contractor.

Atmospheric Zone Can

- -

The part of an onshore structure or facility that is above ground level and the part of a marine structure above the Splash Zone that is subject solely to atmospheric exposure during service. An acceptable non-mandatory option or options under the contract.

Coating - A continuous film or layer of a suitable substance that is applied to the surfaces of an item for protective or aesthetic purposes.

Consultant - A party to a contract who is responsible for providing design engineering and other consultancy services under the contract.

Contractor - The party, firm or company with whom QP enters into a contract to perform the work to which this Specification applies.

Degree of Paint Rusting

- The quantity and size of areas of a painted steel surface in which deterioration of the paint film by rust breakthrough and under rusting is evident, expressed as a percentage of the total surface area.

Dewpoint - The temperature at and below which aqueous condensation formation from the air starts to occur as a result of it becoming supersaturated with water vapour. It will be governed by the Relative Humidity of the air, higher values of which produce an increase in the dew point temperature.

Dry Film Thickness

- The thickness of a coat of paint, layer of tape or coating system in its fully cured condition.

Dry Abrasive Blast Cleaning

- A cleaning procedure in which a suitably sized and shaped dry metallic or non-metallic abrasive is mixed with compressed air and fired at metal surfaces at a pressure of around 100 psig to remove corrosion products, paint and other surface residues.

Elevated Temperature

- Surface of the equipment or facility that will attain a temperature in excess of 120C during service.

Fusion Bonded Epoxy

- An epoxy coating that is applied to preheated pipe as a powder by electrostatic spray, rapidly cured by the controlled heat from the pipe and water quenched to give a fusion bonded coating.

Fabricator - Organization responsible for the construction or fabrication of new facilities and the installation of items of equipment therein.

Hold Points - Steps within the surface preparation and application procedure beyond which the applicator shall not proceed without formal authorization via an inspection report from the QP Engineer or Authorised Representative.

Holidays - Discontinuities such as pinholes and small sized defects in the paint film or wrapping that significantly lower its dielectric strength..

Hot Dip Galvanising

- A process by which steel articles are coated with zinc by controlled immersion in a molten zinc bath.

Hot Surfaces - Metal surfaces of the equipment or facility that will normally attain a temperature in excess of 65C and can therefore be injurious to personnel touching them.

Inspector - The QP Engineer or his Appointed Representative delegated to witness QA/QC requirements and purchase order requirements and report on the compliance or non-compliance with these requirements.



Lining - A protective coating on the internal surface of a vessel or pipe.

Manufacturer - The party responsible for manufacture of equipment or materials to perform duties specified by QP or its Nominated Consultants.

May - An acceptable non-mandatory option or options under the contract.

Microns - One thousandth of a mm (expressed as m).

Mouse Hole -

A small hole cut in a steel plate or section to either bridge a weld or provide a drainage point.

Must - A mandatory requirement to be strictly followed.

Paint System - The number and type of coats of paint to be applied to a substrate to provide a required level of corrosion protection.

Painting - The application to a substrate of one or more layers of a pigmented coating material, in liquid, paste or powder form, which forms an opaque film having protective properties.

Pigment - Solid filler or colouring agent in a paint.

Pot Life - The length of time that a single pack or mixed two-pack paint will remain in a usable condition at a given temperature.

Profile - The roughness or contour of a steel surface after preparation, also known as the Anchor Pattern (see also Amplitude).

QP Engineer - The Appointed QP Discipline Specialist Representative under the conditions of the contract.

Relative Humidity

- The mass of water vapour in the air expressed as a percentage of the mass of water vapour that is required to saturate the same volume of air at the same temperature.

Shall - A mandatory requirement to be strictly followed.

Should - A strong but non-mandatory recommendation to comply with.

Shelf Life - The Manufacturers recommended maximum storage time for a given product under recommended storage conditions.

Shop - The Vendors, or Sub-contractors, factory location for surface preparation and painting operations.

Site - The field location for surface preparation and painting operations approved by QP.

Splash Zone - The portion of a partially immersed marine structure or pipeline that is subject to both wetting by seawater or sea spray and drying by the marine atmosphere. It is to be taken as being from 3.00m (10 feet) below MSL to +4.5m (15 feet) above MSL (see Figure 1B).

Submerged Zone

- The immersed portion of a marine structure from the seabed up to 3.00m (10 feet) below MSL (see Splash Zone and Figure 1B).

Substrate - The metal surface to be prepared and coated.

Thinner - An approved liquid added to a paint to reduce the viscosity and ease its application.

Total Dry Film Thickness

- The thickness of the complete fully cured coating or wrapping system.

Vendor - The Organization responsible for manufacturing, fabricating or supplying any items for delivery to the Fabricator or QP.



Wet Abrasive Blast Cleaning

- A cleaning procedure in which a mixture of suitable abrasive in fresh water is fired at metal surfaces at a pressure of up to 2000 psig to remove corrosion products, paint and soluble salts.

Water Cleaning

-

A cleaning procedure in which fresh water is discharged onto metal surfaces at a pressure of 2,000 - 3,000 psig, to remove surface contaminants such as dirt, residues, rust and loose coatings.

Water Jetting

-

A cleaning procedure in which fresh water is discharged onto metal surfaces at a pressure of 10,000 - 25,000 psig, to remove all scale and existing coatings.

Wet Film Thickness

- The thickness of a paint film immediately after application when little or no solvent evaporation has occurred.

Wrapping

-

The application to a component of a continuous strip of plastic-backed self-adhesive tape that is wound on in a helical manner for protective purposes.

Will - A mandatory requirement to be strictly followed.

4.2 ABBREVIATIONS

COSHH - Control of Substances Hazardous to Health DFT - Dry Film Thickness FBE - Fusion Bonded Epoxy LEL - Lower Explosive Limit MIO MSDS

- -

(Lamellar) Micaceous Iron Oxide Material Safety Data Sheet

MSL NACE

- -

Mean Sea Level National Association of Corrosion Engineers

PPE - Personnel Protective Equipment QA/QC SIMOPS SSPC

- - -

Quality Assurance/Quality Control Simultaneous Operations Steel Structures Painting Council

TDFT - Total Dry Film Thickness TLV - Threshold Limit Value WFT - Wet Film Thickness

5.0 REFERENCE STANDARDS AND CODES

The latest editions of the following Standards, Codes and Specifications shall apply.

5.1 PAINTING AND COATING GENERAL

ISO 1461 Hot-Dip Galvanized Coatings on Fabricated Iron and Steel Articles Specifications and Test Methods

ISO 12944: 1-8 Paints and Varnishes Corrosion Protection of Steel Structures by Protective Paint Systems

ISO 14713: 1-3 Zinc Coatings Guidelines and Recommendations for the Protection Against Corrosion of Iron and Steel in Structures

BS EN ISO 2063

Thermal Spraying - Metallic and Other Inorganic Coatings Zinc, Aluminum and Their Alloys



SSPC CS 23.00/ NACE 12/ AWS C23.M

Specification for Application of Thermal Sprayed Coatings (Metallizing) of Aluminium, Zinc or Their Alloys and Composites for the Corrosion Protection of Steel

SSPC Manual Vol. 1- Good Painting Practice Vol. 2- Systems and Specifications

5.2 SURFACE PREPARATION

ASTM D6386 Standard Guide for Preparation of Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coated Iron and Steel Product/Hardware Surfaces for Painting

ISO 8501: 1-4 Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints and Related Products - Visual Assessment of Surface Cleanliness

ISO 8503: 1-5 Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints and Related Products - Surface Roughness Characteristics of Blast-Cleaned Steel Substrates

ISO 8504: 2 & 3 Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints and Related Products - Surface Preparation Methods

ISO 11124: 1-4 Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints and Related Products - Specifications for Metallic Blast-Cleaning Abrasives

ISO 11126: 1 & 3-10

Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints and Related Products - Specifications for Non-Metallic Blast-Cleaning Abrasives

SSPC Vis 1 Visual Standard for Abrasive Blast Cleaned Steel

SSPC Vis 3 Visual Standard for Power- and Hand-Tool Cleaned Steel

SSPC SP 1-3, 5-8 10&11/ NACE 1-4

Steel Structures Painting Council and National Association of Corrosion Engineers Surface Preparation Standards

SSPC Vis 4/ NACE Vis 7

Guide and Reference Photographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared by Water Jetting

SSPC Vis 5/ NACE Vis 9

Guide and Reference Photographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared by Wet Abrasive Blast Cleaning

SSPC SP12/ NACE NO. 5

Surface Preparation and Cleaning of Metals by Waterjetting Prior to Recoating

NACE SP 0178

Design, Fabrication and Surface Finish Practices for Tanks and Vessels to be Lined for Immersion Service

NACE SP0178 VISUAL AID

Surface Finishing of Welds Prior to Coating

5.3 INSPECTION AND TESTING

ASTM D610/ SSPC Vis 2

Standard Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted Steel Surfaces

ASTM D1212 Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Wet Film Thickness of Organic Coatings

ASTM D3276 Standard Guide for Painting Inspectors (Metal Substrates)

ASTM D3359 Standard Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test

ASTM D4228 Standard Practice for Qualification of Coating Applicators for Application of Coatings to Steel Surfaces



ASTM D4285 Standard Test Method for Indicating Oil or Water in Compressed Air

ASTM D4414 Standard Practice for Measurement of Wet Film Thickness by Notch Gages

ASTM D4417 Standard Test Methods for Field Measurement of Surface Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel

ASTM D4541

Standard Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Testers

ASTM D4752 Measuring MEK Resistance of Ethyl Silicate (Inorganic) Zinc Rich Primers by Solvent Rub

ASTM D4940

Standard Test Method for Conductimetric Analysis of Water Soluble Ionic Contamination on Blasting Abrasives

ASTM D5064

Standard Practice for Conducting a Patch Test to Assess Coating Compatibility

ASTM D7091 Standard Practice for Non-Destructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Non-Magnetic Coatings Applied to Ferrous Metals and Non-Magnetic, Non-Conductive Coatings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals

ASTM E337 Standard Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psychrometer (Measurement of Wet & Dry Bulb Temperatures)

ASTM F21 Standard Test Method for Hydrophobic Surface Films by Atomiser Test

ISO 4628: 1-6 Paints and Varnishes - Evaluation of Degradation of Coatings - Designation of Quantity and Size of Defects, and of Intensity of Uniform Changes in Appearance

ISO 8502: 1-6 & 9 Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints and Related Products - Tests for the Assessment of Surface Cleanliness

ISO 11125: 1-7 Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints and Related Products - Test Methods for Metallic Blast-Cleaning Abrasives

ISO 11127: 1-7

Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints and Related Products - Test Methods for Non-Metallic Blast-Cleaning Abrasives

ISO 19840 Paints and Varnishes Corrosion Protection of Steel Structures by Protective Paint Systems - Measurement of, and Acceptance Criteria for, the Thickness of Dry Films on Rough Surfaces

SSPC PA 2 Procedure for Determining Conformance to Dry Coating Thickness Requirements

NACE SP0188

Discontinuity (Holiday) Testing of New Protective Coatings on Conductive Substrates

NACE SP 0274 High Voltage Electrical Inspection of Pipeline Coatings

NACE RP0287 Field Measurement of Surface Profile of Abrasive Blast-Cleaned Steel Surfaces Using a Replica Tape

NACE SP0490 Holiday Detection of Fusion-Bonded Epoxy External Pipeline Coatings of 250 to 760m (10-30 Mils)



5.4 COLOUR CODING

ASME A13.1 Scheme for the Identification of Piping Systems

BS EN 1089-3 Transportable Gas Cylinders - Gas Cylinder Identification (Excluding LPG) Part 3: Colour Coding

BS 381C Colour for Identification, Coding and Special Purposes

BS 1710 Identification of Pipelines and Services

BS 4800 Schedule of Paint Colours for Building Purposes

BS ISO 3864-1 Graphical Symbols Safety Colours and Safety Signs. Part 1: Design Principles for Safety Signs and Safety Markings

BS ISO 7010 Graphic Symbols Safety Colours and Safety Signs Registered Safety Signs

CAP 437 Offshore Helicopter Landing Areas Guidance on Standards

QP.ES.0.07.0020 Plant Equipment Tag Identifiers Corporate

5.5 HEALTH, SAFETY, ENVIRONMENT AND QUALITY

ISO 9000 Quality Management Systems Fundamentals and Vocabulary

ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems Requirements

ISO 9004 Managing for the Sustained Success of an Organization. A Quality Management Approach

BS EN 12811-1 Temporary Works Equipment. Part 1: Scaffolds - Performance Requirements and General Design

OSHA 29 CFR Regulation Pertaining to Work in Confined Areas

API STD 2217A Guidelines for Safe Work in Inert Confined Spaces in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries

QP-PHL-S-001 QP Philosophy For Fire and Safety

QP-PHL-S-038 QP Philosophy for Health and Safety Activities in Projects

QP-REG-S-001 QP HSE Regulations for Contractors

QP-STD-Q-004 Corporate Standard for Quality Requirements for Projects

QP-STD-S-055 QP Standard for Managing Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM)

HSEPR-QP-11 QP Procedure for Managing HSE in Contracts

HSEGL-QP-11-01 QP Guidelines for Managing HSE in Contracts

QP-GDL-V-001 QP Guideline for Waste Management

QPR-DT-007 Procedure for Environmental Requirements in Projects

NIOSH (USA) Occupational Safety & Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards

COSSH (UK) Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations, 2004

QATAR GOVT. Bye Law No. 2, 2002. Environmental Protection Law

Paint Manufacturer Product and Material Safety Data Sheets

In the event of any conflict arising between this Specification and the National and International Standards and Codes referenced herein, the requirements of this Specification shall apply.



6.0 GENERAL CONTRACTOR REQUIREMENTS

6.1 The Contractor shall, unless otherwise formally instructed by QP, supply all required approved materials for surface preparation, painting and wrapping in accordance with this Specification.

6.2 The Contractor shall, unless otherwise formally instructed by QP, provide all equipment and tools necessary to carry out the surface preparation and coating work in an effective and efficient manner. All equipment and tools shall arrive in good working order and in a sufficiently clean condition that they do not cause contamination of the coating. They shall be maintained in good working order at all times. The Contractor shall supply all materials, such as oils, greases, cleaners and spare parts, that are required for equipment maintenance purposes.

6.3 The Contractor shall provide all inspection equipment that is required to carry out the painting and wrapping fully in accordance with the Specification and shall maintain it on site in good condition throughout the duration of the work.

6.4 The Contractor shall provide the required number of experienced and skilled personnel, together with experienced, competent and qualified supervision, to carry out the work to the required standard and efficiently within schedule, using good general painting practices as laid down in Volume 1 of the SSPC Manual. All assigned Contractor supervisory personnel shall be familiar with this Specification and the latest editions of the referenced Standards.

6.5 At QPs discretion, the Contractor shall be required to:

(a) Submit documentation (references and records) confirming his previous experience of applying the same or similar coatings or wrappings and demonstrating Customer approval of his work quality for similar projects at similar work locations during the previous minimum period of at least five years.

(b) Before starting any coating work under the contract, prepare test panels of the design specified in ASTM D4228 for the evaluation of the proposed application personnel and equipment capabilities and paint them with the specified coating

system in the proposed manner.

(c) Have the test panels evaluated in accordance with ASTM D4228 to qualify such personnel that are considered to have applied the specified coating to an acceptable standard.

(d) Ensure that all required testing and qualification work is witnessed and evaluated by the QP Engineer and, if appropriate, the Paint Manufacturers Representative.

6.6 Prior to commencement of the work, the Contractor shall submit for the QP Engineers approval a detailed procedure showing how he intends to carry out the work in accordance with this Specification. He shall provide full details of any Sub-contractor that he intends to use, the location of each part of the work, the preparatory and coating materials that he intends to use, the proposed work sequence, with specific attention to the HSE requirements and the precautions required to meet them, and any other information that QP may require to clarify his work intentions. The Contractor shall ensure that this Specification, Product Data Sheets for all products used and Operating Instructions for all equipment are available at each work site location.

6.7 The required standard of workmanship shall be achieved strictly in accordance with this Specification and other relevant documents, such as site and safety regulations and applicable Standards and Codes. Deviations from the Specification and documents are



not allowed, unless formally authorised by QP. However, compliance with the requirements of this Specification shall not relieve the Contractor of his responsibility to carry out all preparatory, coating and wrapping and associated inspection and test work in accordance with good working practices, principles and work standards.

6.8 The Contractor shall ensure that all SIMOPS requirements are complied with and be responsible for protecting all adjacent equipment, structures and surrounding facilities that are not to be coated from mechanical damage, blasting abrasive, paint splashes and overspray during the surface preparation and coating work both at workshop locations and at site. Wherever possible, blast cleaning shall be carried out in a separate enclosure or sheeted area to paint application but as a minimum these areas shall be isolated from each other by secure barriers. Instruments, equipment identification plates, electrical and isolating flange components and machined surfaces are especially important in this respect. The Contractor shall take particular care to mask these components against such damage and contamination.

6.9 The Contractor shall maintain at each job site a log which shall consist of Daily Progress Forms. These forms could be a management summary or the Daily Inspection Report Forms for the contract, the required contents of which are detailed in Sub-clause 13.2.5 and a typical format of which is shown as Table 4A. They shall be signed on a daily basis by the Site Supervisor or Engineer-in-Charge and submitted to the QP Engineer. In the event that the work is carried out at an approved offsite location or outside of Qatar, the Daily Progress Report Forms shall form part of the required project documentation.

6.10 No surface preparation and/or coating application work shall be carried out in the absence of the QP Engineer or without his knowledge or consent. Any such work shall be considered not to meet the Specification.

6.11 The Contractor shall be directly responsible to QP for completion of all work. No distinction is made between the responsibilities and liabilities of the Fabricator, Vendor or Contractor. This Specification shall be equally binding on all parties. The Contractor is liable for his actions and those of his Sub-contractors.

6.12 Any prepared, coated or wrapped areas that are considered to be defective or in any way not to conform with this Specification shall be rectified by the Contractor. Any instruments, components or adjacent equipment that are damaged or contaminated with paint shall be cleaned or replaced at the discretion of the QP Engineer.

7.0 HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

7.1 GENERAL SAFETY AND HAZARD CONSIDERATIONS

7.1.1 The Contractor shall be responsible for carrying out all surface preparation, painting and wrapping work in a completely safe and professional manner, in addition to meeting all QP technical and quality control standards. He will be required to provide good and safe access facilities and working conditions, appropriate preparatory, coating and inspection equipment in good working order and suitable personnel protective equipment and safety devices.

7.1.2 The Contractor shall fully comply with QP health, safety and environmental requirements specified in QP Safety Regulations for Contractors, QP Philosophy for Health and Safety Activities in Projects, QP Corporate Fire and Safety Philosophy, QP Waste Management Specification and associated Procedures and Guidelines. These



cover the working conditions, scaffolding and access, PPE, safety equipment, fire and explosion hazards, solvents, lighting, ventilation and earthing of equipment.

7.1.3 The Contractor shall prepare a detailed Job Hazard Analysis Report for the job at the worksite at the outset. This shall identify all potential safety, health and environmental hazards that could arise and ensure that all necessary preventive measures and equipment to avoid each potential hazard are adopted and made available. The Job Hazard Analysis Report shall be approved by the QP Safety Officer before starting work

7.1.4 The Contractor shall ensure that all required fire fighting equipment is in position at all times in all identified hazardous areas, such as paint mixing locations, at vessel entries and close to approved diesel-driven equipment.

7.1.5 The Contractor shall carry out documented Safety Audits of the access facilities, preparatory and painting equipment and materials, personnel protective equipment and surface preparation, painting and wrapping practices used at an agreed frequency, which should be at least monthly. He shall maintain a Log in which he records the findings and actions taken, for review by the QP Safety Officer.

7.2 ACCESS FACILITIES AND SCAFFOLDING

7.2.1 The Contractor shall provide safe and easy access to all areas of surfaces of components and equipment that are to be prepared and coated. This shall enable the specified method and standard of surface preparation, painting and wrapping to be achieved and confirmed by inspection. The access arrangement shall be such that operators are able to stand up with body and arms free of scaffolding or staging. Rope access can be considered for tall steel structures. None of the scaffolding or staging members shall be in direct contact with the component that is being worked on and masking of any area of the component shall be minimised.

7.2.2 The access facility, whether permanent or temporary, shall in all cases be subject to approval by the QP Safety Officer. Scaffolding shall comply with the QP Safety Regulations. The Contractor shall supply and maintain rigging and scaffolding equipment capable of enabling completion of the work in accordance with the requirements of BS EN 12811 Part 1. Its safety and security shall be regularly checked and recorded in accordance with a recognised scaffolding safety inspection and auditing system, such as the Scafftag System.

7.3 BLASTING AND SPRAY PAINTING EQUIPMENT

7.3.1 Air hoses, blasting hoses, spray lines and any other hoses that are subjected to any internal pressure shall be marked with identification numbers showing the dates when they were manufactured and first used. All such hoses, blasting pots any other pressurized equipment shall be provided with valid dated pressure test certificates stating the test pressures used and the safe working pressures that must not be exceeded. The Contractor shall ensure that all hoses and pressurised components are carefully inspected for signs of wear and the presence of defects prior to each use and that no hoses are used for more than six months after their last test date. They shall then be fully inspected and retested at their design pressure before being remarked and certified for a further period of use. All compressor air and blasting hose couplings shall be secured using approved stainless steel snatch wires.

7.3.2 Blast cleaning and spray painting equipment shall be used fully in accordance with Manufacturers recommendations. The air feed, blasting and spray painting hoses shall incorporate a suitable anti-static material in their construction. The guns shall be fully earthed and spark proofed on each occasion when they are used. All other precautions



shall be taken to prevent any build up of electrostatic charge, particularly when they are to be used in confined spaces. The Contractor shall check all such items for electrical conductivity and replace any items showing signs of breakdown that could give rise to static electrical discharges during service.

7.3.3 Blasting nozzles shall be fitted with a Deadmans Handle located as close to the blast nozzle as practical. Its design must ensure that the Handle cannot, in any circumstances, be held in the ON position by any means other than hand pressure. Paint spray guns shall be fitted with effective Manufacturers trigger lock and tip guards.

7.3.4 Areas in which blast cleaning is carried out shall be sheeted in and cordoned off as necessary for safety purposes, to minimise contamination of adjacent areas and to enable spent abrasive to be collected for controlled disposal. Warning signs shall be erected as requested by the QP Engineer. This shall exclude all unauthorised personnel that could be injured by stray spent abrasive or harmful dust from old paintwork. Where power tools are being used to remove old paint or rust, precautions shall also be taken to exclude unauthorised personnel from the work area and minimise contamination.

7.4 PAINTS, SOLVENTS AND ABRASIVES

7.4.1 The Contractor shall ensure that the Manufacturers Material Safety Data Sheets and NIOSH(USA) / COSHH(UK) Statements are available for all paints, solvents, chemicals and abrasives used throughout the work period. Compliance with Manufacturers safety precautions for products shall be an essential element in meeting the job specification. In cases of conflict, the most stringent safety requirements and precautions shall apply.

7.4.2 All paints, solvents, equipment cleaners and other chemicals used shall be stored in closed, clearly labelled original containers. The containers shall be stored in secure enclosed, sheltered and well-ventilated storage areas or structures, where they are protected from direct sunlight, open flames and electrical discharges. They must be verified as being maintained at temperatures well below the Manufacturers maximum recommended storage temperature for the products. The use of air-conditioned and temperature controlled storage areas shall be considered for situations where excessive ambient temperatures are expected. The storage conditions shall meet all Manufacturer requirements and QP Fire and Safety Regulations for the types of chemical involved.

7.4.3 Abrasives used shall be free from radioactivity and toxic or harmful substances such as arsenic, lead, cyanide and free silica and shall not produce excessive quantities of fine dust that could cause environmental damage. Upon arrival in Qatar, it is mandatory for the Supplier to arrange for batches of mineral abrasives such as garnet to be sampled and tested for radioactivity, in line with MOE requirements. MOE shall provide batches of abrasive which prove acceptable with a Radioactivity Clearance Certificate (RCC). Upon receipt of each batch at QP sites, the Contractor shall submit the RCC to the QP Engineer for review and approval. Batches without an RCC shall be quarantined and each batch shall be sampled for further MOE testing prior to being accepted for use. All abrasives shall be sealed in watertight packages, which shall be stored under dry sheltered conditions, wherever the work location will permit. Abrasive delivered in defective packaging shall be rejected.

7.4.4 Handling and mixing of all paints, solvents and chemicals shall be carried out strictly in accordance with the Manufacturers recommended procedures and safety and health precautions, to ensure personnel safety. Safety precautions shall be clearly detailed on the relevant Product Technical Data Sheets and Material Safety Data Sheets, as well as on the product containers. The Contractor procedure shall indicate how these safety



and health requirements will be met. Where a specification indicates restrictions on the use of certain chemicals, adherence to these restrictions is considered mandatory.

7.4.5 The Contractor shall apply the products strictly in accordance with the Manufacturers safety recommendations, which shall also be clearly detailed on the relevant Product Technical Data Sheets. Contractor painting procedure shall address the occupational health and safety requirements for and during paint application and identify any specific hazards associated with particularly toxic paints or solvents which are to be used.

7.4.6 Where paints containing over 1% lead in the dry paint film are proposed, the Contractor shall make this fact known to the QP Engineer and be able to demonstrate that he is able to apply the paint within the requirements of the QP Health and Safety Regulations.

7.4.7 Application of solvent-borne paints in restricted areas or inside vessels or tanks requires particularly careful planning and attention. Good ventilation through such vessels is essential, to ensure that the threshold limit value (TLV) and lower explosive limit (LEL) of the vapour are not exceeded at any time. The Contractor shall ascertain the TLV and LEL of the solvents contained in all paint products used, to establish the level of ventilation that he is required to provide. Where this cannot be achieved by natural ventilation, a forced ventilation system using a suitable air eductor and incorporating equipment for measuring the air flow shall be installed. A method for calculating the minimum forced air ventilation requirement for an enclosed space is given in Appendix C. Good ventilation is required in paint mixing and thinning areas, if these are enclosed.

7.4.8 The Contractor shall take care when spray applying a paint that contains a highly volatile solvent or a thinner in close proximity (within one metre) of a gas, smoke or fire detector on QP facilities. Such detectors are extremely sensitive to vapours from certain types of solvents and alarms can be activated by their presence.

7.5 PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

7.5.1 All personnel involved in site work, from materials handling to access construction, preparatory cleaning, paint mixing and application and waste material handling and disposal, shall wear appropriate personnel protective equipment (PPE) for their work. The minimum level of PPE required for lung, eye, face, hand, foot and body protection for each type of work is indicated in Tables 10A-12A but this should not be taken as a comprehensive guide. The PPE requirements for each activity shall be specified on the QP Work Permit. The Contractor shall be responsible for providing the PPE that is required for all activities under a contract. The requirements shall be established from his Job Hazard Analysis Report on each type of work (see Sub-clause 7.1.3), which should identify all possible safety and health hazards to be addressed.

7.5.2 All personnel employed in blast cleaning and the spray application of paints and solvents shall wear air-fed masks. They shall be coupled to a clean air supply fed by an independent filtered source. The masks shall be ventilated by clean, cool air served through a regulator filter to prevent abrasive dust and paint solvents from being inhaled by the operators. If the breathing air supply is obtained from a compressor driven by a diesel fuel engine, a carbon monoxide detector shall be installed in the air supply line. The masks shall be cleaned and disinfected daily and a record of their usage maintained and verified by the QP Safety Officer or his Appointed Representative.

7.5.3 The Contractor shall be responsible for ensuring that suitable types of protective footwear, handwear, headwear and overalls are used for the appropriate hazards identified for each activity.



7.6 PAINT, SOLVENT, CHEMICAL AND WASTE MATERIAL DISPOSAL

7.6.1 During and upon completion of preparatory and painting work, facilities shall be arranged by the Contractor to effectively and safely collect and manage all waste materials. These shall include spent abrasive, old paintwork and unwanted or spoilt paints, solvents and chemicals, plus used equipment such as brushes, rags, hoses, scaffold components and other waste materials. The Waste Management System used shall fully comply with QP Environmental Regulations and all necessary precautions shall be taken to safeguard the surrounding environment.

7.6.2 The Contractor shall arrange to dispose of all waste materials and unwanted consumables in an acceptable manner at Government-approved disposal sites. He shall maintain a formal record of the materials disposed of, the disposal dates and the disposal sites used, in accordance with QP Regulations and Qatari Environmental Protection Law.

8.0 PAINTING OF NEW EQUIPMENT AND STRUCTURES

8.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

8.1.1 All surface preparation and painting or wrapping of newly constructed equipment and structures shall be completed in the Contractors, or his Sub-Contractors, workshop or fabrication yard, unless otherwise specified within the relevant contract drawings or tender documents or approved in writing by the QP Engineer. Individual items of equipment may be delivered to site in only the primed or partly painted condition, with the written agreement of the QP Engineer. In such situations, the application of the remaining coats of paint shall be carried out on site after installation of the equipment.

8.1.2 The partly or fully fabricated items of equipment and structures that have been completely prepared and painted prior to transportation to site shall be carefully packed, secured and handled to provide maximum protection against mechanical damage of the paint coating during transportation and installation on site. The Contractor shall subsequently make good any damage to the paintwork on the equipment incurred up to the point of commissioning.

8.1.3 Partially fabricated and non-fabricated items, including steel plate and structural members, may with the QP Engineers approval, be prepared, primed and, where necessary, partially painted prior to transportation to site. In such cases, the Contractor shall ensure that the paint coating applied in the workshop has sufficient durability to prevent the onset of corrosion during transportation and throughout the storage and construction period on site. The Contractor shall repair any damage to the paintwork incurred up to the point of delivery and ensure that all masking tape used to protect surface areas that subsequently require to be welded from being blast cleaned and painted are removed prior to the items being delivered to site.

8.1.4 All surfaces of components that will be inaccessible after site assembly shall be fully prepared and painted prior to assembly, irrespective of the painting arrangement agreed for the remainder of the equipment. Pipework shall be fully coated in the area of pipe supports, together with the supports themselves, before being installed. A thin layer of Teflon shall then be fitted between the pipe and the supports, to minimize subsequent damage to the paint coating at these contact points.

8.1.5 Equipment and components, including individual pipe sections and valves, which require to be painted shall be accompanied by a Coating Release Note. In addition to confirming their readiness to be painted, this Note shall identify the coating system or



partial coating system that requires to be applied and the required topcoat paint colour. Equipment and components that require to be stress relieved after manufacture shall not be painted until all heat treatment has been satisfactorily completed.

8.1.6 Whilst equipment and pipework may be fully painted prior to being hydrotested, except where a sensitive leak test (per ASME B31.3) is required, it is preferred that such items are not painted until this activity has been completed wherever possible. Where site welds require to be coated after hydrotesting, the welded areas shall be prepared and the full paint coating shall be applied to them as per the original project specification.

8.1.7 All local welding of equipment and drilling of holes for attachments shall be completed before cleaning and coating begins. This includes the fitting of wear pads or doubler plates to pipework at support and anchor points and the welded closure of mouseholes required for equipment fabrication. Weep holes in reinforcing pads, doubler plates and supports shall not be filled with grease, as required, until the components have been blast cleaned and painted, to avoid contamination of the surface or paint film.

8.1.8 Contractors may require painted items to be transported before the Paint Manufacturers specified minimum coating cure time has been reached. In such cases, the Contractor shall verify the request to QP in writing and the liability for the repair of any damaged areas of paintwork shall be agreed.

8.1.9 All preparatory and coating work carried out at the Contractors or Sub-Contractors premises shall be subject to planned inspection, as detailed in Clause 13.0. The Contractor shall carry out documented inspection at every stage of the activity. Pre- arranged inspections shall be carried out with the QP Engineer at specified hold points. Final acceptance of the preparatory and coating work carried out on each component, in line with the specified requirements, shall be confirmed by the issuance of a Delivery Release Note signed by the Contractor Representative and approved and dated by the QP Representative. No painted components shall be released from Contractor or Sub-Contractor premises without approved Delivery Release Notes.

8.2 VENDOR STANDARD COATING SYSTEMS

8.2.1 The coating systems and finishes applied by Vendors of specially designed items of equipment, such as pumps and compressors, are expected to be in accordance with the relevant Schedule of this Specification. Standard coating systems offered may be acceptable to QP but full details of the proposed system, together with evidence of its previous satisfactory use in similar environmental conditions, shall be provided at the outset for evaluation and approval by the QP Engineer.

8.2.2 Vendors supplying packaged or skid-mounted units shall ensure the compatibility and compliance with the Specification of their overall coating system with that applied to the individual items of equipment by Sub-vendors. The Vendor shall be responsible for co-ordinating the inspection of all the Sub-vendors surface preparation and painting work.

8.3 MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT NOT TO BE PAINTED

Unless otherwise specified by the QP Engineer or in contract documentation such as material or equipment data sheets or project specifications, for equipment or service colour coding purposes or for other reasons specified by the end user, the following materials and equipment components shall not be prepared or painted,

a) Aluminum, unweathered zinc and copper alloy surfaces. b) Non-pressurised stainless steel or nickel alloy component surfaces.

NOTE Pressure-containing or hot insulated stainless steel and nickel alloy components, including pipework and instrument tubing, shall be externally painted



c) Greased nipples and fittings and lubricated surfaces. d) Machined and close working tolerance surfaces. e) Gasket contact surfaces and exposed seals, bearings and glands. f) Threaded connections and components requiring to be dismantled (see Clause 12.5) g) Friction grip surfaces. h) Equipment identification plates and information and warning signs. i) Valve stems, movable linkages, compressor or pump shafts. j) Heat tracing equipment and electrical cables. k) Instruments and gauges, especially glass components. l) Essential equipment openings, such as vents, drains and air intakes. m) Areas of components to be site welded or welds that are to be sensitive leak tested. n) Exposed parts of electrically insulating flange kit components.

9.0 PAINTING OF EXISTING EQUIPMENT AND STRUCTURES

9.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

9.1.1 All surface preparation and maintenance painting of existing equipment and structures shall be completed at the relevant QP site, unless otherwise specified in the relevant contract drawings or tender documents or approved in writing by the QP Engineer. Individual items of equipment may be removed from site for preparation and painting at the QP workshop or fabrication yard, with the written agreement of the QP Engineer.

9.1.2 A detailed survey shall be carried out by or on behalf of the QP Engineer at the outset, to establish the condition of the existing paintwork on the equipment and structures to be painted. The findings of this survey shall be used to determine the nature and scope of the maintenance preparation and painting work required, in accordance with the guidelines given in the individual Painting Schedules.

9.1.3 The degree of rusting and extent of coating breakdown on each area and component shall be established in accordance with the standards specified in ISO 4628 Part 3 or ASTM D610/SSPC Vis 2 and these standards shall be used to determine the type of surface preparation and extent of painting required. The equivalent ISO and ASTM degrees of paint rusting are given in Table 1A. It may be necessary to dislodge areas of loose and under-rusted paint, to establish the full extent of the coating breakdown. If the boundaries of such areas of paint breakdown cannot be reliably determined, the whole surface shall be fully prepared.

9.1.4 Heavily corroded areas of equipment and structures shall be reported to the QP Engineer for review, to avoid possible perforation of thin walled areas occurring during preparatory cleaning prior to repainting. Drainage holes should, where possible, be drilled at traps and water accumulation points prior to painting.

9.1.5 At the outset, attention shall be paid to the provision of suitable access to all areas of existing equipment or structure for painting. The underside of pipework at and around support points and the areas between closely-spaced structural members may present particular problems. Access difficulties shall not be considered acceptable as a basis for poor workmanship. Any specific concerns in this regard shall be raised in writing with the QP Engineer prior to or at the start of the contract, to reach mutual agreement.

9.1.6 Areas of sound existing paintwork may require to be repainted for aesthetic or other reasons. All such areas shall be cleaned as required for the paint system that is



subsequently to be applied. Particular attention shall be paid to cleaning out and preparing crevices, traps and other details at which dirt and wash water can accumulate

9.1.7 The preparation of existing painted surfaces shall ensure that all loosened and under-rusted paintwork is removed back to a firm edge with suitable feathering of sound paint to give a smooth chamfered profile and that all other surface irregularities such as sags and runs are removed prior to over-coating.

9.1.8 Sweep blast cleaning shall only be carried out for the preparation of existing paintwork with the QP Engineers agreement after an assurance has been provided that the use of this technique will not be detrimental to the sound coating. This cleaning technique requires a high level of operator skill, the use of a low nozzle pressure and fine abrasive

and a low angle of abrasive impingement (typically 30) on the surface from an increased nozzle to surface distance of around one metre. A sample area of the coated surface should be test prepared by this technique and the required quality agreed before any sweep blast cleaning is permitted.

10.0 SURFACE PREPARATION

10.1 PREPARATORY GRINDING AND DEGREASING

10.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, steelwork to be painted and/or wrapped shall be mechanically pre-treated and degreased as follows prior to any preparatory cleaning being carried out.

10.1.2 All metal surfaces to be painted and/or wrapped, and particularly welded joints and seams, shall initially be carefully visually inspected for the presence of surface-breaking defects, such as laminations, surface porosity and cold lap. All such defects shall be reported for evaluation. Shallow defects in non-critical components shall be fully ground out to give a smooth rounded surface profile, in accordance with the preparatory requirements for grade P3 of ISO 8501 Part 3 . Defects which extend more deeply into the metal and all defects in pressure-containing components shall be referred back to the QP Engineer for possible rejection.

10.1.3 All sharp and rough edges, mechanical indentations and other surface irregularities shall be ground off to give gently rounded contours, with a minimum radius of 2mm. All burrs and metal protrusions, such as weld spatter and slag, shall be ground off to give a smooth profile, in accordance with the preparatory requirements for grade P3 of ISO 8501 Part 3. For the treatment of similar surface details inside vessels to be lined, the preparatory requirements of NACE SP 0178 shall apply. Any defects or irregularities which become apparent after blast cleaning shall be similarly dressed before the affected areas are re-blast cleaned.

10.1.4 All metal surfaces shall be examined and tested as necessary for the presence of oil, grease and drawing and cutting fluids. Thick grease and heavy oil deposits shall be removed from the metal surfaces by light scraping and any loose surface residues by scraping or brushing, preferably followed by wiping with solvent or detergent-impregnated rags. Particular attention shall be paid to bolt holes and drainage holes.

10.1.5 Those surfaces that are, or are likely to be, contaminated with oil or grease shall be solvent cleaned with a suitable water-soluble biodegradable degreasing agent using rags (for small areas), an immersion tank (for small items) or a spray gun (for large areas), in accordance with SSPC-SP1 requirements. Solvent-cleaned, dirty and otherwise contaminated unpainted and previously-painted surfaces shall then be thoroughly washed down with fresh water (containing less than 25ppm chlorides),



ensuring that the oil-water emulsion formed is completely removed from the metal, before the surfaces are allowed to fully dry. Fresh water washing shall generally be carried out at a nominal pressure of 3,000 psig, although a lower nominal pressure of 2,000 psig is acceptable for water washing internal surfaces of small vessels and tanks.

10.1.6 In situations where fresh water washing is not possible, subject to approval by the QP Engineer, solvent cleaning may be carried out with an appropriate non-filming solvent.

10.1.7 Metal surfaces to be painted and/or wrapped that do not require to be blast cleaned shall be thoroughly washed with fresh water containing a suitable water-soluble biodegradable degreasing agent, at a nominal pressure of 3,000 psig (or 2,000 psig for internal vessel and tank surfaces), to remove all oil, grease and other contamination. Galvanised steel surfaces that are not sweep blast cleaned shall be similarly water washed, using a stiff bristle brush to remove all water-soluble zinc salts.

10.1.8 Similar washing with fresh water containing a suitable degreasing agent and even solvent washing of partially painted components shall take place between coats of paint or layers of tape at the discretion of the QP Engineer. This is particularly important in offshore situations and in onshore situations where either over-coating has been delayed for more than 72 hours or where the partially painted or wrapped surfaces are seen to be contaminated with oil, grease or particulate matter.

10.1.9 Degreased and water washed surfaces shall be checked for residual oil and grease using the atomized water spray test as per ASTM F21 (Sub-clause 13.4.1.(d)) and further degreasing carried out if residual oil or grease is found to be present.

10.2 GENERAL BLAST CLEANING REQUIREMENTS

10.2.1 The preferred method of surface preparation for all metal surfaces is dry blast cleaning. This preparatory technique shall be used wherever possible for the painting and/or wrapping of all newly constructed equipment and the maintenance repainting of existing equipment, except when limited breakdown of the existing coating dictates the use of other methods of surface preparation. In situations where it is considered impractical or unsafe to carry out blast cleaning, the matter shall be referred to the QP Engineer for his approval to use an alternative cleaning method.

10.2.2 For high fire risk situations, where spark production during blast cleaning is considered unacceptable, the use of approved fully shielded vacuum dry blast cleaning equipment with standard abrasives, conventional blast cleaning with non-sparking expendable abrasives such as chalk, water abrasive blasting or water blasting shall be required.

10.2.3 Prior to the commencement of blast cleaning, the Contractor shall ensure that all adjacent surfaces and equipment that could be damaged by stray abrasive, including flanges, valves, exposed parts of electrically insulating flange kits and instruments, are adequately protected against such mechanical damage.

10.2.4 At the outset, the surfaces of each component shall be examined and their original condition categorized. For unpainted steelwork, it will be a rust grade from A to D, as specified in ISO 8501 Part 1. For painted steelwork, it will be a degree of rusting, as specified in ISO 4628 Part 3 or ASTM D610/SSPC Vis 2.

10.2.5 Each component shall then be fully blast cleaned to produce a surface appearance that conforms to the requirements designated and illustrated in ISO 8501 Part 1 for the relevant standard of surface cleanliness, original rust grade and type of abrasive used. This shall generally be to Sa 3 standard (visually clean/white metal finish) for newly constructed equipment and at least Sa 2.5 standard (very thorough/near white metal finish) for maintained equipment. Equivalent SSPC and NACE standards to the ISO



standards are given in Table 2A. If the specified standard of surface preparation cannot be achieved after repeated blast cleaning, because of the original steel condition, the matter shall be referred to the QP Engineer for arbitration.

10.2.6 The selection and particle size and shape of the abrasive used for blast cleaning shall be such as to give the metal surfaces a uniform profile or anchor pattern that is suitable for the coating to be applied with minimum abrasive usage. The required profile height of the surfaces will be related to the total dry film thickness of the specified paint coating

Coating Total Dry Film Thickness Average Peak to Trough Profile Height

Up to and incl. 225 microns 35-50 microns

250 up to and incl. 300microns 50-75 microns

350 microns and above 75-100 microns

10.2.7 At the discretion of the QP Engineer, tests may require to be carried out on selected areas of the blast cleaned surfaces, to ensure that they are free from excessive dust and particulate matter, residual millscale and chlorides, oil and grease and, for non-ferrous substrates, iron salts prior to paint application, as detailed in Clauses 13.4.3.(f) 13.4.3.(j). If excessive surface contamination is identified by these tests, the surfaces shall be re-prepared as necessary and re-tested until they do meet the specified cleanliness requirements.

10.2.8 Once metal surfaces have been blast cleaned to the required standard, no solvents, cleaning solutions or inhibitive or acid washes shall be used on them.

10.2.9 At the start of the contract, two small sections of plate shall be blast cleaned using the specified abrasive under the agreed blast cleaning conditions and with the appropriate air blowdown. The blast cleaned plates shall be checked by the Contractor and the QP Engineer for surface cleanliness, profile height and residual particulate matter, in accordance with the relevant standards. Once it has been agreed that these plate sections meet the specified blast cleaning requirements of the contract, the Contractor shall put them into transparent, hermetically sealed plastic wallets. One plate shall be retained by each party. In the event of subsequent disputes arising regarding the standard of blast cleaning achieved, they shall be used for arbitration purposes.

10.3 DRY BLAST CLEANING

10.3.1 Dry blast cleaning shall be carried out with an approved type, brand, grade and batch of abrasive, which shall comply with the appropriate ISO 11124 Standard for metallic abrasives or ISO 11126 Standard for non-metallic abrasives. For environmental and health reasons, garnet abrasive is generally preferred and shall be used for all offshore blast cleaning. Expendable abrasives, such as platinum slag, copper slag and coal slag, and recyclable abrasives, such as garnet and steel grit, may be considered for onshore site work. Recyclable abrasives are best suited for workshop rather than site conditions but if a recyclable abrasive is proposed, the recycling equipment, procedure and quality control testing measures to be employed shall be reviewed and approval by the QP Engineer before its use can be sanctioned. Neither sand nor contaminated recycled abrasive will under any circumstances be allowed for blast cleaning.

10.3.2 The selection of abrasives for the dry blast cleaning of corrosion resistant ferrous alloys and non-ferrous metals and alloys shall be subject to the approval of the QP Engineer.

10.3.3 The air compressor used for dry blast cleaning shall be fitted with adequately sized after-coolers, to ensure that the compressed air supplied is completely dry. It shall also be fitted with suitable traps, separators and filters, which shall be regularly emptied of



water and oil. Any accumulated moisture and oil in the air receiver vessel shall be removed by regular air purging. The air compressor shall under no circumstances be

allowed to operate at temperatures in excess of 110C. The air supply shall be checked for water and oil contamination as per the procedure specified in ASTM D4285 prior to blast cleaning and regularly throughout blast cleaning operations.

10.3.4 The compressed air supply used for dry blast cleaning shall be of sufficient pressure and volume to enable rapid and efficient cleaning rates to be achieved. Blast cleaning shall always be carried out at a minimum nozzle air pressure of 100 psig (7 barg), as measured with a hypodermic needle gauge.

10.3.5 Blast cleaning shall not be carried out in the vicinity of recent surface preparation and painting locations, where dust or spent abrasive from this operation could contaminate either freshly cleaned metal surfaces or a wet or tacky paint film.

10.3.6 The weather conditions shall be monitored prior to and constantly throughout the work period. No dry blast cleaning shall be carried out when the relative humidity of the air

exceeds 85% or the metal temperature is within 3C of the dew point temperature. A much lower relative humidity of around 60% is required for blast cleaning inside tanks and vessels and suitably sized dehumidifier equipment is generally required to achieve these low internal humidity levels. No dry blast cleaning other than preliminary scale removal shall be carried out outside daylight hours at external locations. Surface preparation may also be suspended at the QP Engineers discretion when he considers that adverse weather conditions are likely to develop before priming of the blast cleaned surfaces can be satisfactorily completed.

10.3.7 Upon achieving the required level of surface cleanliness by dry blast cleaning, the abrasive supply shall be shut off and as much spent abrasive and dust as possible shall be removed from the cleaned metal surfaces by either thoroughly blowing them down with compressed air at the full blasting air pressure or vacuum cleaning them. Brushing the surfaces is also beneficial in removing embedded particulate matter. Vacuum cleaning shall be used for the removal of abrasive and dust from the internal surfaces of vessels and tanks prior to lining them. The surfaces shall be tested for the presence of residual particulate matter as per the procedure specified in ISO 8502 Part 3. The maximum acceptable size and quantity of retained matter shall be Class 2 Rating 2.

10.3.8 Surfaces on which locally corroded areas display evidence of staining after blast cleaning, indicative of salt contamination, shall be thoroughly washed down with fresh water and allowed to dry before being re-blast cleaned to the specified standard.

10.3.9 All dry blast cleaned surfaces shall be primed or painted before any visible rust blooming is evident and certainly within at most four hours of cessation of blast cleaning. The work must be planned to ensure that this requirement is always met.

10.4 WET ABRASIVE BLAST CLEANING AND WATER JETTING

10.4.1 Wet abrasive blast cleaning and water jetting are more specialized cleaning techniques that shall only be considered for use on wet, damp or salt-contaminated surfaces, under wet and high humidity ambient conditions, at high fire risk locations where spark formation is considered unacceptable, and when water-dispersing, moisture-tolerant and moisture-curing primers are to be applied to the cleaned surfaces.

10.4.2 Free water shall be removed from the metal surfaces using compressed air, squeegees or mops immediately upon completion of cleaning until no visual signs of water remain.

10.4.3 The metal surfaces shall be cleaned by wet abrasive blasting or water jetting to produce a finish complying with the appropriate visual and non-visual surface preparation



standards for the primer that is to be applied, as specified in SSPC-SP 12 / NACE 5 and illustrated in SSPC Vis 5/NACE Vis 9 (for water abrasive blast cleaning) and SSPC Vis 4/NACE Vis 7 (for water jetting). Evaluation of the visual surface condition may be complicated if significant rust blooming occurs during the drying cycle. To minimize rust formation during drying, a corrosion inhibitor that is compatible with the primer may by agreement be added to the final wash water.

10.4.4 The acceptance criteria for the cleanliness of wet abrasive blasted and water jetted metal surfaces shall be based upon their visual appearance, an absence of soluble iron salts and an acceptably low chloride contamination level, when tested as detailed in Clauses 13.4.3.(h) and 13.4.3.(i).

10.4.5 The cleaned metal surfaces shall be coated with the appropriate water-dispersing, moisture-tolerant and moisture-curing primer as soon as all free water has been removed from them. No Schedule for the use of this type of primer is given in this document. Paint Manufacturers recommendations must be sought regarding the selection and use of such primers for any application.

10.4.6 Wet blast cleaning and water jetting techniques and the application of water-dispersing, moisture-tolerant and moisture-curing primers may be carried out under wet and high humidity conditions. Subsequent paint application shall, however, be carried out under the ambient conditions required for conventional painting, i.e. maximum relative humidity 85% and metal surface temperature at least 3C above dew point temperature.

10.4.7 Contractors proposing to use water abrasive blast cleaning shall provide the QP Engineer with a plan for the safe disposal of the expendable wet abrasive, stating the measures that are to be taken to ensure that it does not cause blockage of site drains.

10.4.8 Contractors shall also provide the QP Engineer with detailed method statements for the use of these wet cleaning techniques, stating the safety precautions that they intend to take in handling these dangerous high pressure water streams. These shall comply, as a minimum, with the operating and safety requirements of SSPC SP-12 / NACE 5.

10.5 POWER TOOL SURFACE PREPARATION

10.5.1 It is stated above that metal surfaces shall be prepared by blast cleaning wherever possible. There are, however, situations where components or areas of components cannot realistically be blast cleaned, because of their shape, complexity or remote location. In such situations, these components or areas may with the prior approval of the QP Engineer be cleaned as thoroughly as possible using power-driven tools, fitted with approved discs and wire brushes.

10.5.2 Details of the proposed power tool cleaning method to be adopted and the tools to be used for power tool preparation shall be submitted to the QP Engineer for approval. These may include rotary wire brushes, abrasive discs, orbital sanders, vibratory and rotary hammers and needle guns. The method statement shall identify all necessary precautions that require to be taken for the safe use of the proposed tools.

10.5.3 The minimum preparatory standard required for power tool cleaned surfaces shall be St 3 standard in accordance with ISO 8501 Part 1 or SP3/SP11 standard in accordance with SSPC-Vis3. Care shall be taken to ensure that the metal does not become polished during cleaning.

10.5.4 Power tool cleaning shall continue for a minimum distance of 25mm into the adjoining blast cleaned surfaces or, when the prepared areas continue up to existing painted areas, the interface area shall be feathered back for a minimum distance of 25mm into



the sound coating, to prevent lifting of the old coating and provide a smooth sound base for the new paint.

10.5.5 With recessed welds that are located in areas which cannot be blast cleaned and are also inaccessible for power disc and power wire brush cleaning, the use of power-driven impact tools, such as vibratory and rotary hammers and needle guns, may with the agreement of the QP Engineer be considered for primary surface preparation, followed by manual wire brush cleaning.

10.5.6 All power-driven preparatory equipment shall be of a type and quality and be used in a manner that avoids creating indentations, grooves, burrs or sharp edges in existing coatings and metal substrates. The use of orbital sanders fitted with suitably graded abrasive discs or sheets is preferred for existing sound coatings. Smudges and surface contamination left by wire brushes or discs shall be removed with a water-soluble solvent. The areas shall then be rinsed with fresh water and dried. In areas where fresh water washing is not possible, with the approval of the QP Engineer, solvent cleaning in accordance with SSPC-SP1 requirements shall be performed.

10.5.7 In high fire risk locations where power or even hand tool cleaning is required, the items of equipment used shall be of a non-sparking type that is approved by the QP Engineer.

10.6 MECHANICAL HAND TOOL SURFACE PREPARATION

10.6.1 Mechanical hand tool surface preparation shall only be permitted in areas that cannot be blast or power tool cleaned, because of their inaccessibility or isolation.

10.6.2 Details of the proposed cleaning method to be adopted and the tools to be used for hand tool preparation shall be submitted to the QP Engineer for approval. These may include hand wire brushes, scrapers, pneumatic needle guns and chipping hammers. The method statement shall identify all necessary precautions that require to be taken for the safe use of the proposed tools.

10.6.3 All loose rust, mill scale, paint, welding flux and weld spatter shall be removed from the surfaces by hand brushing, scraping, chipping, hammering or a combination of these methods and stratified rust and scale shall be removed by chipping or hammering. The surfaces shall then be thoroughly cleaned to St 3 standard in accordance with ISO 8501 Part 1 or SP2 standard as per SSPC-Vis 3.

10.6.4 In areas where the coating has been locally damaged or the prepared surfaces are taken back to an existing painted surface, the substrate may be prepared by mechanical hand tool cleaning but the edges of the prepared area must be carefully feathered back a minimum distance of 25mm into the adjacent sound coating, to prevent it lifting and provide a smooth sound base for the new paint.

10.7 CHEMICAL PICKLING

10.7.1 Chemical pickling to white metal in accordance with the requirements of SSPC-SP8 may, with the agreement of the QP Engineer, be considered as an alternative to blast cleaning in situations and for components where it is a more practically and economically viable preparatory technique.

10.7.2 The pickling solution used shall be approved by the QP Engineer as being suitable for treating the constructional material used for the component or equipment involved and shall contain a suitable inhibitor to prevent localised or excessive general corrosion of the treated component surfaces.

10.7.3 The pickling procedure shall identify all necessary requirements for the safe handling, storage, use and subsequent disposal of the pickling solution and any added chemicals.



11.0 PAINT APPLICATION

11.1 PAINT SUITABILITY, STORAGE AND MIXING

11.1.1 Unless otherwise specified, all the paint products comprising a coating system for a component shall be technically acceptable and approved products that are purchased from the same Paint Manufacturer with his assurances that:-

a) All products are fully compatible with each other.

b) The primer is suitable for the standard of surface preparation specified.

c) The complete coating system is suitable for the intended service environment, temperature and conditions to which it will be subjected.

The suitability of all paint products for an application shall be based upon satisfactory experience of their previous use for similar applications and conditions, appropriate laboratory testing or both. Wherever possible, all vendors and sub-contractors for a particular project shall be requested to use the same paint manufacturer and products for the protection of equipment and components they have been contracted to supply.

11.1.2 Particular care is required in the selection of primers and paints for maintenance painting. Specific assurance shall be sought from the Paint Manufacturer regarding the compatibility of maintenance primers and paints with existing paint and coating systems. Where doubts exist regarding paint compatibility, field trials shall be carried out on selected areas of the paintwork to be over-coated, as specified in AST

qp-spc-l- 002 rev 2 , 16-05-2013

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