pymwhm kak cos/jatejih „ckabhhckhx“ toÜohmmob …macedonia.kroraina.com/rs/rs16_1.pdf ·...
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PYMWHM KAK COS/JATEJIH „CKABHHCKHX“ TOÜOHMMOB
Ana«. SMHJIb nETPOBHM
TonOHHMHH CJiaBHHCKOrO THna Ha TeppH TopH H PyMbiHHH 0 6 bIHH0 paCCMaTpH-
BaeTca KaK eflH H oe u en oe , He o T fle jia a i ia 3BaHHH M ecTHOcTeö, c o 3flan n b ix H acejieH neM ,
rOBOpHBIlieM Ha CJiaBHHCKOM 5!3bIKe, OT Ha3BaHHH, C03aaniIbIX pyMbIH3MH (a HIIOITia h BeHrpaM H) m 3JieMeHTOB CjiaBaHCKoro nponcxo>K.neHHH, xoth KpynHeüuiHe yneHbie
y ian b iB a jm Ha nacTO .nonycKaeM yio b xonoiiH M H necKH x HccueflOBaimax MeTOflOJiorn-
MecKyio ouiHÖKy, cB o zm u y jo c ii k iieaoou en K e po jiH 3aHMCTBOBaHHH b n p ou ecce
C03JiaHH5I TOnOHHMOB1. TaKHM 0Öpa30M , paCCMaTpHBaeTCH KaK CJiaBHHCKHH jiio6oh TonouH M cjiaBaH CKoro THna, BCTpenaeMbiM Ha TeppH TopH H , r/ie o T cy icT B yeT c jia -
BHHCKoe H3biK0 B0 e o 6 m e »H e . M to KacaeTca PyMbiHHH, t o n 0 MHM0 BbimecKa3aHHoro, cjieayeT HMeTb b BHay h t o t (¡)3k t , hto b BajiaxHH h M ojiaobc Ha npoTSDKeHHH
p flfla BeKOB CJiaBHHCKHH H3bIK ynOTpeÖjUUICH B ä/IMHHHCTpaUHH H, KaK CJie/tCTBMe
3TOTO, 0({)HUHajibHbie TOnOHHMbl, CBH3aHHbie C a/JMHFIHCTpaTHBHblM TiejieHHeM
TeppH TopH H , 6 bIJ7H C03flaHbI pyMbIHCKHMH 0 (J)HUHajlbHbIMH OpraHaMH Ha KIIH'/K-
HOCJ13B51HCKOM H3bIKe, 6 bITOBaBHJeM B aflMHHHCTpaTHBHblX yHpOKfleHHHX.
He^H(j)f|)epenuHpoBaHfibiH no/jxo/i k to ü o h h m h h CjiaBaHCKoro THna Ha T ep pH
TopHH PyMbiHHH xapaKTepeH zur» o6eHX npoTH BonojioacH bix to h c k 3peiiHsi, KOTOpbie
b paBHoft M epe ncKaacaiOT cymHOCTb npo6jievibi, c n m a a , 6e3 bchkhx oroBopoK, JIIOÖOH TOnOHHM CJiaBHHCKOrO THna HJIH KaK CJiaBHHCKHH TOnOHHM, HJIH /Ke KaK
TOnOHHM, C03/iaHHbIM pyMbIHCKOH a/XMHEIHCTpäHHCM Ha KHHKHOCJiaBflHCKOM H3bIKe
KaHUejlKpHH. OflHHM H3 npHMepOB npeZICTaBjieHHSI «CJiaBHHCKOH» TOnOHHMHH Ha
TeppH TopH H PyMbiHHH B OTpblBe OT npOÖjieM bl O B03M03KH0CTH C03flaHHH Ha3BaHHH
MeCTHOCTeif HacejieHHeM, rOBOpHBUieM Ha pyMbIHCKOM 5I3bIKC HJIH pyMbIHCKOH
1 Mvt:eTcfl b Baay nariHcaHHoe MaKCOM <t>acMepo.M b «Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften», phil.-hist. Kl., 1934, crp. 365 h b khmtc D ie Slaven in Griechenland («Abhandlungen der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften», Jahrgang 1941, phil.-hist. Kl.,
-Ns 12), Berlin, 1941, cTp. 311. Cm. TaioKe h B. K m n a p c i< h ii, Die Kurenfrage, Helsinki, 1939, CTp. 65—66 («Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae», ser. B, tom XLII).
6 3M HJIb IIETPOBMH 2
a/iMHHHCTpauHeìi, HBjiaeTca HccjieaoBaHHe A . T . M jineB a o pyMbiHCKoii TonoHHMHKe cjiaBHHCKoro npoHcxoacaeHHH, noflB H B uieeca b 1925 r o a y 1.
ripoTHBonojiojKHoe MHeHHe 6bijio BbicKa3aHO Tp. HaHapHiueM2, a hmchho: TonoHHMbi cjiaBHHCKoro THna He no/iTBepvK/iaioT Toro, hto b npouuioM Ha TeppHTO- pHH PyMbiHHH naxoflHjiocb HaceJieHHe, roBopHBiuee Ha cjiaBAHCKHx ircbiKax; ohh óbijiH co3/iaHbi pyMbiHCKHMH BjiacTHMH, — nojioaœHHe, KOTopoe Gbijio onpoBepr- HyTO Hopry ííop^aHOM3.
O hcbhæ ho, h to T3KHe rH flpoH H M bi KaK Bucov (< cjiaB. Bukovü) , Cobia (< CJI. Kobilja), Ilfovàf (< c ji. Jelxovìcl) He 6 m jih co3 jian b i HacejieHHeM, to b o p h b ih h m Ha pyMbiHCKOM H3biKe ; aHajiorHHHO nejib3a ÆonycTHTb, h t o noaoÒ H bie rn/ipoHHMbi (peHb H aeT O Ha3B3HHHX MejIKHX BOflHblX HCTOHHHKOB) 6bIJlH C03ÆaHbI pyM blH- ckhm h o(J)HUHajibHbiMH opraH aM H , a 3aTeM nepeHHTbi pyMbiHCKHM HacejieHHeM, KO Topoe nOKHHyjIO 3TH BOilHbie HCTOHHHKH H 3a6bUIO HX CTapbie pyMblHCKHe Ha3- BaHHH.
O^HaKO, flonycKaa, hto Ha TeppHTopHH PyMbiHHH BcrpenaiOTca Ha3BaHH», co3aaHHbie HacejreHHeM, KOTopoe roBopHjio Ha cjiaBSHCKHX JBbiicax h KOTopoe 6bijio accHMHjiHpoBaHO pyMbiHCKHM HaceneHneM, He cjieÆyeT 3a6biBaTb Toro, hto TonoHHMbi cjiaBHHCKoro THna Ha TeppHTopHH PyMbiHHH b 6ojibuiHHCTBe cjiynaeB HCXOflHT OT pyMblHCKOrO HaCejlCHHÌI H pyMbTHCKHX 0(f)HUHaJlbHbIX O praH O B .
K coHcajieHHio, h b Harne BpeMH HeKOTopbte HCCJieÆOBaTejiH Ha o ch o b c Tono- HHMOB ae jia iO T BbIBOfl O TOM, HTO B npOIHJIOM Ha TeppH TopH H PyMblHHH 6bIJlH b ynoTpeÒJieHHH cjiaBiiHCKHe s b h k h , He CTaB» n ep e ji c o 6 o h B on poca o to m , He h cx o - flsrr j ih cjiynaHHO s th TonoH H M bi OT HecjiaBHHCKoro HaceneHHH, K O Topoe h x co3flajio c n o M o m b io sjieMeHTOB cjiaBHHCKoro n poH cxoam eH H », cymecTBOBaBinHx b Hecjia- BHHCKOM H3bIKe. H a OCHOBe 3THX pyMbIHCKHX TOnOHHMOB, KOTOpbie OLIIHÒOHHO CHHTajlHCb CJiaBHHCKHMH, flejiaiOTCH BblBO bl JlHHrBHCTHHeCKOrO, 3THOrpa<J)HHeCKOrO h HCTopHHecKoro xapaKTepa o cnaBHHCKOM HaceneHHH, npoxcHBaBmeM Kor/Ia-To Ha TeppH TopH H PyMblHHH, H O H3bIKaX, Ha KOTOpblX OHO TOBOpHJlO. I lp H H3yHeHHH cjiaBAHCKoro HaceneHHH h cnaBHHCKHX H3biK0B cjie/iyeT oTK a3a T b c » o t noKa3aHHÌi
1 A t. T. H Ji h e b, PoMbHCKa monoHUMUH om cAaemo-6bAiapcKu npou3Xod, « C 6c>phhk Ha EbJirapcKaTa AKaaeMHH Ha HayKHTe», kh. XVII, 1925.
ABTOP BK.iIlOHaer B HHCJTO CJlaBHHCKHX JIIO6OH TOFTOHHM Ha TeppH TopH H PyMblHHH, KOTOpblH XOTb CKO/IbKO-HHÓyab CXO'/K C KaKHM-JIHÔO CJiaBHHCKHM CJTOBOM. B KaHeCTBe npHMepOB o6bflCIieHHH Ha3BaHH¡t pyMbIHCKHX MeCTHOCTeñ KaK CJlaBHHCKHX MOÎKHO 6bIJIO 6bl HCn0JIb30BaTb TOnOHHMbI Costelli h Cotesti, K0T0pwe MorJiH 6bi BoexoflHTb k 6oJirapcKHM (JwpMaM Koem h Kom. He:ib3H com- HeBaTbCH, HTO 3TH 06pa30BaHHH HBJ1ÍHOTCH pyMbIHCKHMH, 06pa30BaHHbIMH OT COÒCTBCFIHblX HMeH (b nepByK) onepenb, kik Costa, Costea, Cota, Cotea) c noMombio cycjxjiHKca -e$tì. Snanenne sthx TOnOHHMOB — «cejio HacrrenHHKOB, niogeii Cost(e)a, cooTBerciBeiiHO C ot(e )a ». CooTBeTcrBytoiune 6oarapcKne (|)opMbi jjo^jkhm 6bmn 6biTb Kocmosi/u, Komoeifu. (H to KacaeTca jihhhmx hmch Coste, Cost(e)a, Cot(e)a — 3to JiaCKaTenbHbie <J>opMM o t Co(n)stantm, cymecTByiomne h b 6onrapcKOM M3biKC — cm. H. A. KoHCTaHTHKSCKy, Dicfionar onomistic románese, Bucureçti, 1963, CTp. 34 — 35. Costa, Coste, Costea, Cota, Cotea h hx npoH3BoaHbie c cy(j)[))HKCOM -eseu. Cosiesen, Coteseu Marne BcrpenaiOTca KaK (Jjìmhjihh. Cvi., HanpHMep, Lista abona\ilor laserviciul telefonie din Bucureçti, 1966, CTp. 183, 184, 186).
2 «Slavonie and East European Review», XXVI, 1947 — 1948, CTp. 606. Cm. T a r n h m h c h h h , BbicKaiaiiHbic E. J l 0 3 0 B a H 0 M b «Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie», LXXIII — 1957, CTp. 309.
3 Contributions onomastiques publiées à l'occasion du V i-e Congrès international des sciences onomastiques à Munich du 24 au 28 août 1958, Bucarest, 1958, CTp. 21.
3 FYM blH bl KAK C03ÆATEJIH «CJIABflHCKHX» TOIIOHHMOB 7
n o floÖ H oro p o jia to i io h h m o b , K O Topw e h m c io t cju ibh iickhh o ö jih k JiHiiib noTO M y, HTO B h x ocHOBe j i e » a T pyMbiHCKHe (h jih B006m e HecuaBJiaHCKHe) sjieM eH Tbi c jje b h h -
c K o ro n poH cxow / ien H ».
PyMbiHbi co3 fla jiH o rp oM H o e kojihhcctbo Ha3BaHHii MecTHOCTeñ, H cnojib3ya CJieayio iiiH e KaTeropHH cjiebhhckhx sjicmchtob pyM biHCKoro «3b iK a :
la ) pyMbiHCKHe cymecTBHTejibHbie h 6 ) n pw ^araTejibH b ie CjiaBHHCKoro npoHCXOameHHa, KOTopbie n a c ro npeji-
CTaBJiajiHe) pyMbiHCKHe M0ptJ)0Ji0rH4ecKHe cl)opMbi ;
2a) pyMbiHCKHe TonoH H M bi KaTeropH H la h 16, ocjioacHeHHbie pyMbiHCKHMH
cyc{)(J)HKcaMH JiaTHHCKoro npoHcxo>KaeHHa hjih 6 ) cjiaBHHCKoro ;
3a) TonoH H M bi CjiaBHHCKoro npoHcxoacAeHHH, ocjioxcHeHHbie pyMbiHCKHMH Cy<j)(j)HKCaMH JiaTHHCKoro npOHCXOXCfleHHH HJIH
6) pyMbiHCKHMH cycJxJiHKcaMH cjiaBHHCKoro npoHcxoacaeHHH ;4a) pyMbiHCKHe aHTponoHHMbi cjiaBancKoro npoHcxoacAeHH» 6e3 cy(J)(J)HKcoB
HJIH6) OCJIOWHeHHbie pyMbiHCKHMH Cy(J)(J)HKCaMH JiaTHHCKoro npOHCXO/KJieHHH
HJIHe) pyMbiHCKHMH Cy<jxj>HKCaMH CJiaBSHCKOrO npOHCXOHCaeHHH ;
5a) pyMbiHCKHe cy xfiHKCbi CjiaBHHCKoro npoHcxoKfleHHH, npHcoeAHHeiiHbie HJIH K JiaTHHCKHM OCHOBaM (HJIH BOOÖme HeCJiaB3HCKHM)
6) hjih k OCHOBaM cjiaBsiHCKoro npoH cxoay ieH H a ;6 ) TonoH H M bi, C03flaHHbie pyMbiHCKHMH OpraHaMH Ha CJiaBHHCKOM H3bIKe
KaHiiejiHpHH pyMbiHCKHX KHaacecTB ;7) TonoHHMbi, C03flaHHble pyMbiHCKHMH OpraHaMH, H B OCHOBe KOTOpblX
jiew aT Ha3B3HH5i MecTHOCTeìi BojirapHH, rae pyMbiHCKaa apMHsi oaepacajia noòejjb i b nepHOfl BOHHbi 3a He3aBHCHMOCTb PyMbiHHH (1877/78 r r . ) .
8) TonoHHMbi, C03,TaHHbl; pyMbiHCKHMH BJiaCTHMH, nocjie 1919 r . , B A p jia jie , BaHaTe, Kpnm aH e h M apaM ypeiue.
ripHBe/ieM npHMepbi 4Jia KajKjioii BbiuieyKa3aHHOH KaTeropHH.
1 a
Hhcjio HMeH cymecTBHTejibHbix CjiaBHHCKoro npoHcxo>K/ieHH5i, c noMombw KOTOpblX pyMbIHbl C03flaJIH TOnOHHMbl, 3HaiHTejIbHO. MOHCHO CKa3aTb, HTO JII060H TepMHH CjiaBHHCKoro npoHcxoHcjieHHH b cjiOBape pyMbiHCKoro H3biKa, KacaiomHHca BHeuiHero o6jiHKa noHBbi, rn;iporpac})HH, (jjjiopw, (JjayHbi, counajibHoii aeñcTBH- TejibHocTH (ynpeJKaeHHH, pa3Hbix hhhob, counajibHbix cjioeB, poaa 3aiiHTHÎi), npoHC- xoacjieHHH HacejieHHa, sthhhcckoh npHHaflJieacHOCTH h t. a. Hcnojib30Bajica npn C03flaiIHH TOIIOHHMOB. B JIK>6om CJIOBape pyMbiHCKoro H3bIKa 1 M05KH0 BCTpeTHTb
1 HanpHMïp, Dic/ionirul lim bii romàne moderne, Bucureçti, Editura Academiei 1958 (najiee 3TOT cnoBapb 6y.neT coxpauieHHO nepeaaBaTbca D L R M ).
8 3MHJIb ITETPOBHM 4
MMCHa cym ecTBH TejibH bie, KOTopbie jieacaT b o ch o bc t o iio h h m o b , KaK : Bahna, Boz, Bozie, Crivài, Dumbrava, Girnifa, Gisca, Grind, Hirtop, Izvor, laz, Lunca, Movila, Ostrov, Pefiera, Pesiere, Poiana, Preluca, Prislop, Privai, Prund, Ràchita, Rovina, Rus, Sirbi, Slatina, Stejar, Stinca, Tornita, Topli(a, Trestia, Veverija, Vidra, Vomici, Zànoagà, Zàvoi, Zimbru1.
16
r io cK O jib K y pyMbiHCKaa JieKcmca c o ^ e p ^ H T 3H3HHTejn>bHO M eHbm e npHJiara- TeJibHbix c jiaB H iicK oro npoH cxoacjieiiH H , t o h pyM biH cxaa TonoHHM HKa npeflCTaBJiaeT
M eHbiue Ha3BaHHÌi MecTHOCTeii, c o 3flanH bix c n o M o m b io n p ra a ra T e jib H b ix cjiaBAH- CKoro n p o H cx o *A eH H fl, KaK, HanpHM ep : Bogata, Mindra, Sura2.
l e
MMeHa cymecTBHTejibHbie h npHjiarsTejibHbie cjiaBHHCKoro npoHcxoayieHHH, ynoTpe6jiHCMbie b KanecTBe toiiohhmob, noflBjimoTCH, KaK h cjieaoBajio oacnziaTb, c pyMbiHCKHMH MoptJiojiorHHecKHMH (J)opM3MH. flaace h Te, npHBeaeHHbie b pyGpHKe la h 16, npeflCTaBjieHbi b jkchckom pofle c shkjihthhcckhm onpeaeJiemibiM apTHK- jieM -a (HanpHMep, Slatina, Bogata), a b MywcKOM po;ie — c HyjieBOH (JuieKCHeìi HMeH cymecTBHTejibHbix M y*cKoro po/ia b ejiMHCTBeimoM HHCJie hjih (JjjieKcneH - i MHo>Ke- CTBeHHoro HHCJia (HanpHMep, Laz, Prund, S irb i). npaB.ua, pyMbiHCKoe OKOHMaHHe jierne o6Hapy)KHBaeTCfl b Tex cjiynaax, Korjia c})opMbi My>KCKoro pozia npe^cTaBJieHbi c 3HKJiHTHMecKHM onpe.aejieHHbiM ¡jpTHKJieM (HanpHMep, Dealul, Grebenul, Grindul, Prislopul, V irtopul) hjih b tjjopMax cpeflHero h »cencKoro pozia c apTHKJieM h 6e3 apTHKJia (HHorjia b (j)opMe poflHTejibiioro-jiaTejibHoro) (HanpHMep, Bivolarul, Crin- gurile, Grebenele, lzvoarele, Lazuri, Lazurile, M Ideile, Poieni, Ponoarele, Prunduri, (V a lea )-R a cilo r, ( Iazu l)-R acu lu i, Rovine, ( Fundul)-Vom icului, Zàvoa ie ).
H acrro, b cjiynae cjioacHbix t o h o h h m o b , cccToauiHX H3 cyinecTBHTejibHoro h c jie/ iy io m e ro 3a h h m cym ecTB H TejibH oro-onpefle jieH H Ji b po/iHTejibHOM n a/ iexe , o6a cymecTBHTejibHbix, Bxoflsinne b coeraB TonoHHMa, »BjisioTCfl cjiaBHHCKHMH no npoHcxow/iefnqo (HanpHMep, Bahna lui Veda, Dealul-Càiugdruhii, Dealul Tarnitei, Dealul Virtcapelor, lazul-Paharnicului, lazu l-Racu lu i).
HeCOMHeHHO, HeJIb3H OTpHnaTb, MTO CpejIH TbICKHH Ha3B3HHH MeCTHOCTeìì Bbim eyKa3aH H oro THna (KaK, Dealul, Dumbrava, Grind, Izvo r, Poiana, Prislop, Slatina, Vidra, Z à v o i h T .f l . ) HeKOTOpbie Ha3B3HH5i M c ry T H cxoflH Tb o t H acejieH H », t o b o - pH B in ero H3 c jisb h h ck om snbiKe. Ho, nocKOJibKy Mbi He MoaceM 3H3Tb, K3KHe h m chh oH3 3THX TOnCHHMOB 6b!JlH C03JI3HbI CJI3BHH3MH, Mbl BblHyaCJieHbl OTK33aTbCH OT HX
HCn0JIb30BaHH5I npH yCT3H0BJieHHH flaHHblX O CymeCTBOB3HHH CJI3BHHCKOTO H3Cejie-
1 TonoHHMbi H3BJieHeHBi B ncpByio OMept\ab H3 Marele dic/ionar geografie a l Román lei, Bucu- re$ti, 1898 CJieji. Caajiee C0KpameHH0 M D G R ), a Taxace H3 Indicatom i statistic a l satelor §i unitàtilor administrative din Romania, Bucurejti, 1932 (coxpameHHo 1SR) H3 Indicator alfabetic al locali- tàtilor din República Populará Románá, Bucure$ti, 1956 (cOKpameHHO IAR).
2 3 t h TPH TOnOHHMbI M O ryT HMeTb CBOeíí OCHOBOÍÍ C06cTBeHH0e «M S . Cm. H. A . K o h -
C T a H T H H e c K y , i/um . n p ou 3 e ., CTp. 207, 324, 379.
5 pyM bIH bl KAK C03JIATEJ1M «CJIABÜHCKHX» TOnOHMMOB 9
HHH H CJiaBHHCKHX H3bIKOB Ha TeppHTOpHHX, ra e hx oÓHapywHBaeM1. M ohcho jih , ocH O B biBaacbH aTonoH H M e Pesiere, KaK s t o fle jia eT M b . rb jn >6oB , yTBepacflaTb, m to Ha ceBepo-3anaae PyMbiHHH Koraa-To npowHBajio HacejieHHe, roBopHBUiee Ha 6ojirapcKOM jjHajieKTe2? Morao jih o 6 o ì ì t h BHHMaHHeM t o t (J)3kt, m to pyMbiHCKHM anajieKTaM Ha TeppHTopHH Bceft cTpaHbi h 3 b c c th o jinuib o ^ h o c jio b o pesterà h ero BapnaHT pevere flJifl hohhthh «neiyepa»?3. K TOMy * e cjieayeT 3aMeTHTb, m to Ha3- Bairne jiaHHoro cejia Ha ceBepo-3anaae PyMbiHHH BnepBbie 6bijio 3aperHCTpnp0BaH0 jiHuib b XIX BeKe.
Pa3Be mo/Kho CMHTaTb óojirapcKH M H 4 TonoHHMbi Breazul, Dumbrava, Poiana, Crivà{ul (H b . Ti.jii>6 ob nocjie nocjiejiHero c t3 b h t um. d.), HrnopHpyji pyMbiHCKHe anejuiHTHBbi dumbrava, poiana, crivàf h aHTponoHHM Breazul?5
M H e Ka>KeTCH, y Bcex HCCJiezxoBaTejreH, KOTOpbie 3aHHMajiHCb H3yMeHHeM cjia- B»HCKOH TOnOHHMHKH Ha TeppHTopHH PyMblHHH M05KCM OTMeTHTb BbIUieyKa3aHHyiO MeTOflOJiorHMecKyio ouiHGKy. TaK, H. ,H,p3raHy, ycraHaBJiHBaH cjiaBHHCKyio sth m o- jio rn io Ha3 BaHHH MecTHOCTeii Prihod ( Valea Prihoduìui) h Prihodifte, HrHopnpyeT
pyMbiHCKHe anejuiaTHBbi prihod h prihodifte8. TaK»ce TonoHHMbi Prislop, Prisloapele h yMeHbiiiHTejibHbie PrislopeluI, Prislopa$ul o 6 i>mch>ik>tch KaK cjiaBHHCKHe A. H n xa - kom 7, T. BeiiraHflOM 8, H. f lp sra H y 9, t ìo p ry M o po th om 10, MiirrBaHOM KHHeaca n , UBaHOM rionoBHMeM12, a He KaK pyMbiHCKHe o t pyMbiHCKoro prislop K>HCH0 CJiaBHH- CKoro npoHcxoacaeHHsi (préslopu) c TeM >Ke 3HaMenHeM «n e p e B a ji»13. W. IlaHbKeBHM CMHTaeT TonoH H M Prislop KaK CBHfleTejibCTBO cymecTBOBaiiM« yKpaHHCKoro Hace- jieH h Hita reppHTopuH Hauieìi cTpaH biu , mto 03HaMaji0 6 b i— b cjiynae, ecjiH yKpaHH-
1 Cp. CKa3aHHoe rieiapoM Ckokom o TonoHHMax ocTpoBa Pa6, co'iflamibix xopBaTaMH Ha ocHOBe xopBaTCKHX cjiob poMaHCKoro npoHCxoameHH», KOTopbie 0flHaK0 He MoryT 6biTb ucrro/ib- 30BaHbi KaK flOKa3aTejibCTBO cymecTBOBaHHa poMaHCKoro nace/ieiiHíi Ha stom ocTpoBe: P e t a r S k o k , Slavenstvo i romanstvo na jadransKim otocima. Toponomastilka ìspitivanja, Zagreb, 1950, CTp. 62 h enea.
! H b . r u i b O B , Cmapu ób.tzapcKU euiKoau apeaAU na òaKopyMbHCKama mepumopun, « E 3hk h JiHTepaiypa», X V I, 1961, CTp. 43, 46.
3 PyMbiHCKHÄ jiHTepaTypHbiii 5i3biK 3aHMCTBOBaji H3 (j)paHuy3CKoro Ha3Bann!i grotà, cavernò,ncnojTb3yeMbie JiHuib b HayHHOM cTHJie.
I M. r -b jt t> 6 o b, y m 3 . npou38., CTp. 43.6 B cbh3h c coöcTBeHHbiM HMeHeM ß r e a z u ( l ) , co3aaHHbiM H3 npmiaraTeiibHoro b rea z , cm.
K o H C T a H T H H e C K y , VKÜ3. npOU38., CTp. 216.6 N . D r à g a n u , Toponimie f i istorie, Cluj, 1928, CTp. 80, npuMenauMC 3; E. P e t r o v i c i ,
Toponimicele Prihodul, Prihodiftea, «Studia Universitatis Babe;-Bolyai», Series Philologia, fase.2, Cluj, 1963, CTp. 75 h enea.
7 A . d e C i h a c, Dictionnaire d'étymoiogie daco-romane, Éiéments slaves, magyars, tures, grecs-modernes et albanais, Francfurt/M ., 1879, CTp. 293.
8 «Balkan-A rchiv», I — 1925, CTp. 35.9 N. D r à g a n u , yi<as. riporne., CTp. 95; e r o jk e, Rorrcmii in veacurile I X —X I V pe baza
toponimiei f i a onomastica, Bucurejti, 1933, cip . 210, npuMCMaHKC 1 h CTp. 472.18 I o r g u l o r d a n, Rumunische Toponomastik, Bonn — Leipzig, 1924 — 1926, CTp. 216.II I. K n i e z s a, Keietmagyarorszàg helynevei, b D e e r J.-G á I d i L., MagyaroK és
Románok, I, Budapest, 1943, crp. 205.12 I v a n P o p o v i ó , Geschichte der serbokroatischen Sprache, Wiesbaden, 1S60, crp. 116.13 E. P e t r o v i c i , Rolul imprumuturiior in crearea toponimicelor ( in legäturä cu tcpcrim icu l
románese Prislop), «Cercetäri de lingvisticä», V II (1962), CTp'. 25 u caen.; e r o ac e, L e toponyme roumain Prislop, b Studia linguistica in honorem Thaddaei Lehr-Splawttski, K raków , 1563, c ip . 127— 132.
14 H. n a h b k e b h h, yKpaütbCKO-öo.ieapcbxi mobhì ce'H3Ku e CeMieopodi, «S lav ia », X X IV — 1955, 2 - 3 , CTp. 215, 237.
10 SMHJIb nETPOBHH 6
CKoe npoHcxojK^eHHe 3Toro TonoHHMa 6bijio 6bi AOKa3aHO— , h to yicpaHHnbi npoacn- BajlH BO Bcex B03BbimeHHbIX OÓJiaCTflX PyMblHHH, HTO MaJIO BepOHTHO. ilH CTaHH- cjiaB, HTo6bi flOKa3aTb cymecTBOBaHHe cjioBauKoro HacejieHH» Ha ceBepo-3anaae PyMblHHH, Hcno^b3yeT TonoH H M bi Dombrovdny, Dombrovicza 1, BeHrepcKHe cfjopMbi, cooTBeTCTByiomHe pyMHHCKHM Dumbràvani, Dumbra v i[a -, K0T0pbie HecoMHeHHO 6h jih co3flaHbi pyMbiHaMH, h to noflTBepacaaeT h H . KHHewa b oth o ih ch h h D om - browycza, KOTopbift 3aperHCTpHpoBaH b 3Toh c[)opMe b o^hom .aoicyMeHTe 1374 3 roa a H KOTOpblH HBJIHeTCa C06cTBeHH0 pyMblHCKOH yMeHbHIHTeJIbHOH {J)OpMOH, 06pa30- BaHHOH c noM oiubM cy4)(J)HKca -ijà o t cjiOBa dumbravà4. H to KacaercH TonoHHMa Dumbràvani, KOTOpblH 03HanaeT «acHTejiH ,ny6paBbi» hjih cKopee Beerò «Bbixoxmbi H3 cejia Dum brava» ( y«am ineAb Hacenemux nyHKm oe OTMenaeT 25 TaKHx Ha3BaHHH ceji), oh 0Ópa30BaH o t T o ro ace anejuiHTHBa c noM om bio cyiJxjniKca -an (mh. h. -ani), oneHb nacTO BCTpenaiomHHCfl Ha ceBepo -3ana,ae CTpaHbi, rae HafifleM h ap yrn e Ha3- BaHHH cejx, 06pa30BaHHbie c sthm cy4><J)HKCOM, KaK, HanpHMep, neTbipe cejia b o6 jia - c th KpnuiaHa, Ha3BaHHbie Cimpani hjih ceno Sàucani b s to ì i yne oGiiacTH (nocjie/i- HHÌl TOnOHHM JIBJIHeTCH npOH3BOflHbIM OT SÙUCa 5.
.IJaace b to m cjiynae, Korzia anejuiaTHB cjiaB»Hcicoro npoHcxovKaeHHH, KOTOpblH j io k h t b 0CH0Be KaK0r0-T0 TonoHHM a, He ynoTpeÓJiaeTCH b coBpeMeHHbix pyMbrn- CKHX AHajieKTaX, Mbl He MO»ceM HCKJIIOHHTb B03M02CH0CTH e ro CymeCTBOBaHHH B
cjiOBape pyMWHCKoro H3biica h T oro , h to oh M or nocjiyacHTb pyMbmaM och obo ìì fljia co3AaHHH T0n0HHM0B. HaruiiWHbiM npHMepoM yTpaHeHHoro HeKOTopbiMH COBpeMeHHbIMH pyMblHCKHMH TOBOpaMH anejUIHTHBa CJiaBHHCKOrO npOHCXO^AeHHH flBJiaeTCH gradiate, OTcyTCTByK>mHH b M ojm oB e, x o th TonoHHM Gràdi$tea 3flecb BCTpenaeTca. IIocjieaHHH M o p ry M op^aH cHHTaeT, co3«aHHbiM cjiaBHHCKHM HaceJieHHeM, KOTopoe, cy^a no ero 4)OHeraHecKOMy oÓJiHicy, roBopHJio Ha k »k h o - cjiaBHHCKOM H3biKe (cp . K»KH0CJiaB. gradiste, yicp. pyc. zopoduufe) 6. M oji/ iob- ckhh TonoHHM Gràdiftea noaTBepw/iaeT b kohchhom HTore t o nojioaceHHe, HTO CJiaBHHe 3TOH npOBHHUHH £0 pyMbIHH3aUHH rOBOpHJIH Ha K>3KHOCJiaBHH- ckom H3biKe. O^HaKO, b oflHOM H3 flOKyMeHTOB UlTe4)aHa BenHKoro, HanncaHHOM Ha KHHXCHOCJiaBHHCKOM H3bIKe MOJIflOBCKHX KaHIjejTKpHH B 1486 TOfly no nOBOfly onpe/iejieHHH rpantm o/inoro xo3HHCTBa, noHBJiaeTca apxaHHecKaa pyMbiHCKaa (JjopMa poflH Tejib iioro naae>Ka gradisteei7. C jreayeT 3aMeTHTb, h to M oan Eor^aH ynoMHHaeT <})opMy gradisteei b rjiaBe «PyMbiHCKHe rpaMMaTHHecKHe (JiopMbi», noMemeHHOH b KOHiie II TOMa floKyMeHmoe Ulmecfiam Bcaukozo6, 0flHaK0 He bkjiio- naeT cjiOBa gradiste b cnncoK «PyMbiHCKHX c jio b » b KOHne 3Toro »ce TOM a9,
1 J â n S t a n i s l a v , Slovenskÿ juh v stredovèku, TurCianskÿ Sv. Martin, 1943,1, CTp. 159.
2 S. M o l d o v a n — N. T o g a n , Dictionarul numirilor de localitâji eu poporafiune românü din Vngaria, Sibiu, 1909, <rrp. 87.
3 K n i e z s a , yKü3. npou38., CTp. 199.4 D LR M , c m . dumbrâvitâ.5 IAR, c m . Cimpani, Dumbrâvani, Sâuca, Sâucani.8 Contributions onomastiques publiées à l'occasion du V l l-e Congrès international des sciences
onomastiques, yKa3. paô., erp. 14— 15.7 l o a n B o g d a n , Documentele lui Çtefan cel Mare, Bucureçti, 1913, I, CTp. 517,518, II,
610.9 Tü m Mce, II, CTp. 610.9 Tü m stee, II, CTp. 606.
PyM blH bl KAK C03/IATEJIM «CJIABHHCKMX» TOflOHMMOB 11
noMHHaa e r o jiH inb cpejiH «GnaBHHCKHX c j io b » , x o t » oSbacH aeT cjiaB. rpa^Huit (grad iate, t . e. M ecT o , r/ie 6biJi gra d ù , K p e n o c T b 1» . C j ie a y e r 3aM erHTb, h to -toan B o ra a H o6napy:>KHji jiOKyMeHT c (})opm oh g ra d is te e i n o c jie T o r o , h to cocTa-HJI CI1HCOK CJiaBHHCKHX H pyMblHCKHX CJIOB, HTO nO flTBepXflaeTCfl TeM (¡)3KTOM,
i to f l j i » cj)opMbi g ra d is te o h OTCbiJiaeT jim iib k 206 c rp a n n ile n ep B o ro TOMa, a He k 516 CTpaH im e s t o t o » e TOMa, r jie n y 6 jiHKyeT b «Ilp H jioa ceH H H » opH rH H aji AOKy- MeHTa o t 12 OKTSÓpfl 1487 ro f la , co flep a ca m ero (|)op.viy g ra d is te e i. PasyM eeTcsi, h to E o m a i i , npeBOCxoAH biii 3HaTOK KHiuKHOCJiaBaHCKoro « 3biKa pyMbiHCKHx K am ie ji»- pHÌi, cpa3y ace, n o c jie oÓHapyaceHHH pyMbiHCKOH cjiopMbi po/ iH TejibH oro na,ne>Ka BbiuieyKa3a H H o ro c jio B a , a a j i c e6 e o t h c t b t o m , h to penb H/ieT o pyMbiHCKOM cjioB e, HO He BHeC COOTBeTCTBy IOIHHX H3MeHeHHH B CnHCKH (cjiaB»HCKHH H pyMblHCKHii)
CJIOB.
H TaK , grad ia te (h jih grad ia te ) cym ecTBO Bajio KaK anejuiaTHB h b moji/uibckom ro B o p e h M o r nocjiyacH Tb acHTejiaM M o jia o B b i b KanecTBe o ch o b w ansi cos/ianHH T 0 n 0 HHM0 B. C jieflO BaTejibH O , Ha3BaHHe c e jia G rà d ifte a b M o jij io B e ne MoaceT cjiy- 5KHTb ^0Ka3aTejibCTB0M K>acHOCji3BaHCKoro xapaK Tepa ro B o p a cJiaBan, K0T0pbie ZiaJIH H33BaHHH HeKOTOpblM MeCTHOCTHM B M cjIflO B e . M T0 6 bt 3T0 flOK333Tb, c jiea y eT OÓpaTHTbCH K nOKa3aHHHM TOnOHHMOB, KOTOpbie Jie HCT B H I e JI b H O GblJIH C03JiaHbI
cjiaBHHaMH. Cjie/iyeT OTMeTHTb, h to b M o jijiO B e HecKOJibKO pa3 BCTpenaeTCH t o - noHHM H o r o d if t e a 2, KOTopbiii npe,ncT3BJiaeT BOCTOHHOcjiaBaHCKHe cJ)OHeTHHecKHe ocoG eH H oeTH , n o jiH or jia cH e h xapaK TepH yio ju ia yKpaHHCKHx roB op oB nepTy, a HMeHHo: npoH 3H om eH ne g KaK BejiapH biìi (J)pnKaTOBiibiii 3ByK, a 3aTeM KaK h.
B OTHOUieHHH HeKOTOpblX anejlJIHTHBOB, KOTOpbie JieacaT B OCHOBe TOnOHHMOB
CJiaBHHCKOrO TH na, B CHJiy HeKOTOpblX 0 6 cT0 aTeJlbCTB Mbl MOaceM JIOnyCTHTb, HTO OHH B npOIHJIOM BCTpeH3JIHCb B pyMblHCKHX TOBOpaX H HCn0Jlb3OBaJIHCb p y - MblHaMH npH C03JiaHHH H33B3HHH MCCTHOCTeìf, HeCMOTpH Ha TO, HTO HaJIHHHe nO-
| jtoÓ H oro p o ji3 anejuiaTHBOB b HauiHX ro B o p a x He 6 h j io OTMeneHO /majieKTOJioraMH. H aH Ó ojiee y 6 eaHTejibHbiM ^OKa3aTejibCTBOM T o ro , h to pyM biHbi m o t jih co3/ia- B3Tb TonoHHM bi cjiaBaH CKoro THna, aBJiaioTca tonoHHMHHecKHe apea jib i. B Kane- CTBe npH M epa MoacHo npHBecTH o p o h h m h TonoH H M P re d e a l, KOTOpbrii BCTpe- H3eTca h b ropH O M M3CCHBe K o j ip y j i M o m h h Ha ceB ep o-3ana.ne CTpaHbi, BHe apea- Jia TOnOHHMOB cji3BaHCKoro npoHCXoacjieHHa c peijwieKCOM ea 0 6 m ecjiSBa h c k o fo * e (a T b ), KOTOpblil 33HHM3CT nOHTH nOJIOBHHy IOaCHOH H3CTH TeppHTOpHH PyMblHHH. TpaHHiibi 3 T o ro a p ea jia OTMeneHbi H3 pa3JiHHHbix KapTax, 0 n y 6 jiHK0 BaHHbix b
« R o m a n o s la vie a » 3 h « S la v ia »4. Cym ecTBO B 3 HHe P re d e a l uà ceBepe o t s t o t o ap es- j ia aB jiaeTca jiOKa3aTejibCTBOM T o r o , h to b pyMbiHCKOM a3biKe 6 b iji aneju iaTHB *p re d e a l c o 3HaneHneM «Bepu iH H a, p a 3 jie jia io in 3 a aB e jio jiH H b i» h jih «n ep eB 3 ji,
n e p e x o a » . B «E o jib u io M reorp3<})HHecKOM cjiOB3pe PyM blH H H » ( M D G R ) H3rmc3- h o c j ie a y io m e e o P re d e a lu l-B u z à u lu i « r o p u s a uenb y e 3/ia B y33y, O T fle jiaeT f lo - jiHHy By33y o t jio jiH H bi H H u iK O B yji» 5. P red e a lu I, ra e npoxo/iH T acejie3HO/iopoacHaa JiHHHa h HaiiH0H3jibH0e iu occe CH H aìia — BparnoB, aBJiaeTca nepeBajiOM KaK h
1 Ta.u jice, II, CTp. 596.2 IAR, CTp. 301.3 «Romanoslavica», I — 1958, CTp. 22—23; IX — 1963, CTp. 10 — 11.4 «Slavia», XXXI; 1962, 1, CTp. 37.6 M D G R , V, CTp. 93.
12 3MMJlb flETPOBMH 8
Predealul Ha ceBepo-3anaae crpaHbi. AnejrjiHTHB *predeal BCTpenajica h b np0H3B0fl-
Hbix 4>opMax c yMeHbiiiHTejibHbiM 3HaneHHeM, KOTOpbie b c b o io onepeflb Gmjih
Hcn0Jib30BaHbi pyMbiHaMH npw co3,aaHHH T0n0HHM0B, KaK HanpHMep Muchea Predeluf, Ha3BaHMe ropHoro xpe6Ta MaccHBa IlbaTpa KpaiojiyH1. Predelu^ul2— 3t o Ha3Banne 6biBiueii TaMoacHH okojio HbineuiHero Predealul h imBaHHe
ce/ia Predelu{ (h P red ea l)3. 3THM0Ji0nia anejuiarHBa * Predeal b o c x o a h t
k cjiaB. predelu co SHaneHHeM «rpaHHua, npe/jeji», a TaKace h «BepuiHHa,
KOTOpaa o6pa3yeT BOflopa3aen». 3 t o nocjiezmee 3HaneHHe HMeeT h 6ojirapcKaa
c()opMa, BCTpenaiomaaca b o6jiacTH rinpflon b ueHTpanbuoK EojirapHH 4 .
/ ip yroH cjiynaH , K o ra a TononHMH4ecKHH a p ea ji yKa3biBaeT Ha pyMHHCKoe npoH cxoatfle iiH e Ha3BaiiHH mccthocth, — TonoHHM Pociova liftea5, KOTopbiii npe/j- CTaBjieH h (J)0 pM 0 H P oc iove lifte6. 3to Ha3BaHHe noaBJiaeTca b BHue Valea Pocio - valiftei b 3ana.mn.ix ro p a x ( M m fii Apuseni) b ap ea jie , b kotopom Bee Ha3BaHi-ia MecTHOCTeK aBJiaioTca pyMbiHCKHMH, b6jih3h c e ji Rune 7 ( < p yM . rune «B b iKopne- BaHHoe n on e , n o an aT aa u e jiH H a») h Lunca-Larga 8, KOTOpbie h b n ep n o fl BeHrep- CKoro ynpaBJieHHH HMenn TOjibKO pyMbiHCKne Ha3BaHHa, HanHcaHHbie b cootbct- c t b h h c BeH repcKoii op(j)orpac[)H eii Runk, Lunka Larga. T a o c e Bee MecTHbie Ha3Ba- hh;» — Ha3BaHHH r o p , xojimob, aojihh, pyMbeB, jiecoB , nacTGHui, pacnojioaceH H bix BOKpyr 3thx c e ji h Ha3BaHHe Valea P oc iova lifte i— bocxojiht k pyMbiHCKHM cjio- BaM. C jieflOBaTejibHO, mo>kho .aonycTHTb, mto h Ha3BanHe Pociovaliftea 6mjio co3/iano pyMbiHaMH H3 anejuiJiTHBa, yxpaM eiiH oro BnocjieacTBHH, *pociovaliste, cjiaBHHCKoro npoHcxoacAeHHA, KOTopbrii M o r HMeTb 3HaneHHe «3 a ro H ansi CKOTa b o6e/ieHHoe B p eM a». /JeiicTBHTejibHO, cjiaBaHCKaa <})opMa pocivaliste, oneHb a c ra a •Hjih jn o S o ro cnaBanHHa, 03HanaeT «M e c r o O T flb ixa ». <t>pann Mhkhouihh ee o 6 b a - CHaeT «locus quietis» 9.
2 a
PyMbincKoe npoHcxoK/ieHHe Toro hjih HHoro TonoHHMa cjiaBaHCKoro THna
BbiCTynaeT nan6ojiee oth ctjih bo b Tex cjiynaax, Kor/ia pyMbiHCKHH anejuiaraB c jiaB an cK oro npoHcxoacfleHHH, jieacam m i b ero 0CH0Be, BbiCTynaeT c pyMbiHCKHM cy4)(J)HKC0M JiaTHHCKoro npoHCXoayjeHHa, KaK HanpHMep: Dumbraveaua (cp. cy(J). -ea, c apTHKJieM -eaua < JiaT. -ella)10, Dumbravioara (cp. cytj). -ioard < naT. -io la )n , Girnicetul (cp. cy(}). -et <JiaT. -etum) 12 < glrnicet «ropHbiM ay6oBbiH jiec», Lunc$oara
1 Masivele Piatra Craiului f i Iezer-Papufa (KapTa, m aam an HaiwoHaubHbiM 6iopo Typn3Ma «K apn aub » b «Kojixickuhh Haiun ropbi», 2 h up.
2 M D G R , V , CTp. 93.3 IA R , CTp. 417; M o l d o v a n — T o g a n , yK03. npou36., CTp. 175.4 M. 3 a h m o b, Mecmimme ti.uena e ffupdoncuo, CocJjhh, 1960, CTp. 40.5 IA R , CTp. 404.6 Tom7 M o l d o v a n — T o g a n, yKa3. npou38., CTp. 186.8 To m .»ce, CTp. 186, cm. Rune.9 F r . M i k l o s i c h , Lexicon Palaeoslovenico-Graeco-Latinum , W ien, 1862 — 1865, cm.
p oiivaliSte.10 G . P a s c u, Sufixele romdnesti, Bucurejti, 1916, CTp. 144 h cnefl.11 Ta.u 3Ke, CTp. 160 h CJiea.12 Tom 3ice, CTp. 31 h cnea.
9 pyM blH bl KAK C03HATEJ1H «CUABAHCKHX» TOnOHHMOB 13
(cp . cjioacHbiíí cyc})(j)mcc - (u )f - o r )\ Nem¡i$orul (cp . c jio k h u h cycj). -if-o r ) a, Prislo- •lul (cp . cy<{). -e l) 3, Slátinioara, Ráchiíoasa (cp . cycj). -os, oasá < JiaT. -osus) 4, áchifele (cp . cycj). -ea, bo mhojk. HHCJie -ele), Slátioara (yMeHbuiHTejibHbie (})opMbi,
6pa30BaHHbie o t slatina c cy([)cj)HKcoM -loara < jiaT. -io la ), Stejárel, Stejáret, re stloara ( < trestie + -ioara).
2 6
PyMbiHCKHÍt cy(})(j)HKC, H cnojib3yeM biíi npH 06pa30BaH H H to iio h h m o b , Mor
biTb cjiaBflucKHM n o np0HCX03KflenHK) KaK b cjiywae Dumbrávija ( < dumbrávilá : dumbrava + -i[á)s, Gífteni (< Gisea + -eni)®, Jaripea ( < jarifte < jar + -/fíe)7. odeni ( < pod + -eni), Prislopa$ (< prislop + -a$)8, Ráchitiful (< ráchitá + if) 9.
ü b cjiynae 3 thx to iioh h m ob MoaceM nonycTHTb, h to HeKOTOpbie H3 hhx GbiJiH coaaanbi cjiaBHHaMH, o/imiKO m h He pacnojiaraeM HHKaKHM KpuTepHCM, ¡htoGw c yBepeHHOCTbK) ycTaHOBHTb hx cjiaBancKoe npoHCXoacaeHHe.
3 a
TonoHHMbi, co3naHHbie cjiaBHHaMH, 6buiw Hcn0Jib30BaHbi pyMbiHaMH npii co3flaHHH HOBbix TOnOHHMOB cji0B006pa30BaTejibHbiM cn oco6oM C nOMOHIbK) py- MbHICKHX Cy(j)(})HKCOB JiaTHHCKOrO npOHCXOJKfleiIHSI. TaKHM 06pa30M 6bIJIH C03fla- Hbi Bistricioara10, Cernifoara, Cricovelul, Dlmbovicioara, Glimbocelul, lalomicioara, Vrániuj11 (ii3 Bistrita, Cerna, Crieov, Dimboxi¡a, Glímboeul12, Ialomi¡a13, Vrani14).
3 6
CaMO co6 oh pa3yMeeTC5i, hto npn 06pa30BaHHH nonoÓHoro pona TonoHH- MOB OT TOIIOHHMOB SbIJIH HCn0JIb30BaHbI pyMbIHCKHe Cy4)(J)HKCbI CJiaBHHCKOrO
1 Tom j ice, CTp. 166 h enea.2 Tom lice, crp. 163 h enea.3 Tom Mce, CTp. 144 h enea.4 Tom 3§ce, crp . 70 h enea.5 Ta.\i 3tce, CTp. 254 u enea.0 3naMeHne TonoHHMa Gi.yteni — «*H Tean oicono pynba Gtsca». Cm. M D G R , tom III, CTp. 565,
— Gtsca. CeroaHH pynefl, uecoMnenno Ha3biBaBmn»cfl BHanaJie Gisca, Ha3WBaeTCH no ce.iy — Gì.j- tenì: M D G R , III, 366 h enea. B cbsbh c ey$tJ)HKCOM -ean, mh. h. -eni cm. G . P a s c u , yuaì. npouìe., CTp. 362 m enea.
7 G . P a s c u , maM otee, CTp. 250 h cjic/i. Cm. h F i o r c n ( a S à d e a n u , Sufixele colec- live din limba romàna cu spedala privire asupra reparli/ici lor, «Studii $i materiale privitoare la form area cuvintelor in limba rom àna», vol. Ili, Bucurejti, Editura Academiei, 1962, CTp. 59.
8 G . P a s c u , yna3. npouss., CTp. 345 h enea.9 Tom M e, cip . 352 h enea.; S à d e a n u , yna3. npou38., crp. 60 h enea.10 Cp. donifà-]- - io a rà > donicioarà: P a s c u , ma.u yice, CTp. 160.11 G . P a s c u , yxa i. npotae., CTp. 153 h enea.12 PeHKa Glimbocelul na3biBaexca h Glimbocul ( < CJiaB. globoidi). I lo 3tom peMKe cTajm
Ha3biBaTbca h ABa Circa: Glimbocelul: M D G R , III, CTp. 572.13 B AOKyMeHTax X iV h X V bckob s to t rnnpoHHM 3aperncrpnpoBaH b (¡)opMe Ma«khmu:
Documenta Romaniae Historica (D R H ), B., I, crp. 43, 63, 96.14 B CBX3H c Vrani ( < CJiaB. Vrani < vranii - f - j- ) h Vraniuj cm. E. P e t r o v i c i , Adjective
posesive slave in -j- ca toponimice pe teritoriul R .P .R ., «Studii $i cercetàri lingvistice» (S C L ), IV — 1953, CTp. 84.
14 3MHJlb riETPOBHH 10
npoHcxoîKneHHH, KaK, HanpHMep, b cjiynae toiiohhmob Bîsculi[a(< Bîsca1 + -uli- (a) 2, Doftâni\a ( < Doftana 3 + -i(a), Jieful ( < J ii4 + -ef) 5, Tîrnâ\i\a 8.
CjienyeT 3aMernTb, hto yMeHbiHHTenbHbie pyMbiHCKHe cycjj HKCbi -e( h -ifâ HaxonHTCfl non ynapenneM, hto CBHiieTejibCTByer b nojib3y Toro, hto BbimeyKa- 3aHHbie np0H3B0flHbie 06pa30BaHHH abjishotch pyMbiHCKHMH. Bee a<e Hejib3H HCK.HK)HaTb h B03M05KH0CTH hx 06pa30BaHHH cjiaBaHaMH h no3OTeiiuieH aaanTauHH pyMbiHaMH Ha pyMbiHCKyio aKueHTOjiorHHecKyio CHCTeMy. HccjieflOBaTejib, HMea nepefl co6oh 0CH0By h cytj)(J)HKC cnaBsmcKoro rana h He Haxo/iH b pyMbiHCKOH JieKCHKe CJIOBa C /WHHOH OCHOBOH, CKJIOHeH CHHTaTb 3TH TOnOHHMbI CJiaBflHCKHMH no 06pa30BaHHK). 3to nojioaceHHe Æ0CT0BepH0 jiHinb no otholuchhio k TonoHH- MaM, K0T0pbie nocjryacHjin ochoboîî ajih hx 06pa30BaHHa (KaK b cjiynae Bbiuie npHBe/iennbix TonoHHMOB: Bîsca, Doftana, Jiu, Tirnava).
4 a
HMeHa coôcTBeHHbie y pyMbin cennac h, oco6chho, b npoiujioM b nonaBJTH- K>meM ÔOJlbUJHHCTBe HBJ15HOTCH CJiaBHHCKHMH no npOHCXOMCfleHHlO. lÜTe(J)aH rianiKa ycTaHOBHji, hto b LI,apa OjiTyjiyii cooTHOiueHHe coôcTBenHbix hmch cjiaBHHCKoro npoHcxoacneHHH HBjiaeTca ÆBa k TpeM7. 3 to t (J)aKT He nojmeH Hac y HBJiaTb, ecjiH HMeTb b BH y cjiaBaHCKoe OKpyaceHHe, b kotopom npoacHBan pyMbiHCKHÎi H a -
pofl Ha npoTaaceHHH bckob. H b apyrnx MecTax BCTpeTHM aHajiorHHHoe nojioaceHHe. B cpeAHeBeKOBOH OpaHUHH b no/utBjisnomeM ÔOJlbUJHHCTBe HMeHa co6cTBeHHbie 6bijiH repMaHCKoro npoHcxo>KfleHH5i.
MMena co6cTBennbie nacro Hcnojib3yK)TCH npn Ha3BaHHH MecTHOCTeii. B Py- MbiHHH Ha KaatflOM u iary BCTpeTHM cejia, Ha3BaiiHbie no hmchh Bjianejibna hjih CTapocTbi, KHA3H, BoeHanajibHHKa, ocHOBaTejia hjih (J)eonaJia. AHajiorHHHo ropbiH BOÆHbie HCTOHHHKH Hepe/IKO HOCHT Ha3BaHH5I, BOCXOflHlUHe K HMeHaM Co6- CTBeHHbiM. ÜMeHa >Ke coôcTBeHHbie, nocnyacHBuiHe ochoboh ana TonoHHMOB, onenb nacTO abjuhotch cnaBHHCKHMH no npoHCXoac/ieHHK). Ohh 3anacTyio BbicTy- naioT KaK 6e3cy<j)(|>HKCHbie TonoHHMHnecKHe 06pa30BaHHH. IlpHBefleM pan Ha3Ba- hhh MecTHOCTeK nonoÔHoro pona: Balomir, Balota, Bâdislava, Bogdana, Bratila, Breazul (opoHHM h rnapoHHM), Dobrogostea, Dobromira, Dobromirul, Dobrota, Dobrunu, Dragodana, Dragomir, Grajdana, Novae, Preajba, Radomir, Radovanu, Stanca, Stânila, Stoiana, Stoicana, Vaidomir, VUsanul (rn/ipoHMM), Vladimir.
OneHb nacTbi opoHHMbi, b 0CH0By KOTopbix nojioaceHbi pyMbiHCKHeaHTpono- HHMbi cjiaBHHCKoro npoHcxoacaeHHH : Budislaml, Dobrin, Girdomanu, Godeanu, Negoiu, Radeful, Slâveiul, Voineagu.
1 3THM0Ji0rHH ryapoHHMa Bisca bocxoæht k büziKa, npoH3BoaHoe ot büzü : K n i e z s a I s t v a n , Szlàv eredetü viznevek a Székelyfoldôn, «M ag y a r Nyelv», X L I V — 1948, 1, CTp. 3.
2 B CBH3H CO CJI05KHbIM CV(J)(J)HKCOM -ul-ifà CM. P a S C U, yKÜ3. npOU3B., CTp. 260.3 B CBH3H c Doftàni/à cm. E. P e t r o v i c i , Etimología toponimicelor Doftana, Dofteana,
Doftànet, Doftânilâ f i a cuvintului dohot, S C L , V — 1954, CTp. 19 h cjiefl.4 0(t)HUHajTbHaii (JiopMa 3toto raflpoHHMa Jiu. B flOKyMefrrax ranpoHHM BbicTynaeT c ko-
HeHHbiM /, KOTopbifl HecoMHeHHO 6bm MHTKHM /, (cp. BeHrepcKyio (J)opMy Zsily,) nocKOJibKy b pyMbiHCKOM «3biKe nepeuieji b
6 B CBH3H C Cy<J)(l)HKCOM -e ( CM. P a S C U, yKÜ3. npOU38., CTp. 316 H CJiefl.6 Ceno Tîrnâvifa naxoiiHTCH okojio 6ojibuiero h 6onee apeBnero cena Tirnava.7 § t e f a n P a 5 c a, Nume de persoane f i nume de animale in Jara Oltului, Bucureçti,
1936, CTp. 37.
H b c jiyn ae s th x to fiohh m ob He MoaceM hckjhohhtb bo3m c»khocth hx npo- H cxojK fleH H » o t HacejieHHH, roBopHBUjero Ha cjiaBflHcicoM S3biice. 3 t o M ajio Be- p0 «TH 0 b c jiyn ae opohhm ob. TonoH H M bi, 06pa30BaHHbie cjiaBsmaMM o t co6ctbch-
[ Hbix HMeH, o6biMHO B b icTyna ioT c cy([)c[)HKcaMH (-ov-, -ev-, -in-, -j-).
4 6
A6cojhotho nocTOBepHbi pyMbiHCKHe 06pa30BaHHH b cjiynae tohohhmob, 06pa30BaHHbix c noMombio pyMbiHCKHX cycjxjìHiccoB HecjiaBHHCKoro npoHCXoacjie- HHH OT CJiaBSHCKHX aHTponOHHMOB. riOZloÓHOrO pO/ia TOnOHHMbI (cpeflH KOTOpblX HaxOAHTCa MHOrO OPOHHMOB H flaate THflpOHHMOB) MHOrOHHCJieHHbl : Balomi- reasa Balofefti, Baloteasca, Baiateci, Bàicoi, Boróscu (opohhm), Bere voìe$ti, Bog- dànefti, Brànefti, Girdefti, Iscroni, I vanenti, Leleasca, Lelese, Mircefli, Stoieneasa, Vladimirepti, Vlàdeasa (opohhm), Vlàdoaia (tohohhm h opohhm), Vlàduleasa, Vlài-
I culefti, Voiculeasa, Voineasa, Zàrnefti1.AHTponOHHM, HBJlJHOmHHCH 6a30H TOIlOHHMa, MOaceT BbICTynaTb B 4>°PMe
poaH'rejibHoro najieaca b cjioacHbix TonoHHMax THna Dealul-lui-Bàlan, Valea-lui-Drag,I Virful-lui-Drdgan, Valea Dràganului, Poiana-lui- lurafcu, Dealul-lui-Ivan, Virful-Mircii, | Virful-lui-Mogof, Cimpul-lui-Neag, Dealul-lui-Ojel, Cioaca-Radefului, Valea-lui-
Stan, Dealul-lui-Vlad.
4 e
TOHOHHM MOaceT 6bITb o6pa30BaH OT aHTponOHHMa H C Cy(J)(J)HKCOM CJiaBHH- ckoto npoHcxoac/ieHHa, ìcoTopbiH bo MHO^ecTBeHHOM HHCJie HMeeT (jiopMy -eni hjih -ani (e/i. w. -ean, -an). HanpHMep, TonoHHMbi Bereni, Boiereni, Bràtuleni, Dobro- sloveni, Dràgoieni, Dràgoteni, Mogofani, Rddeni, Stànceni, Vlàdeni HMeiOT ( hjih , Jiynuie cica3aTb, hmcjih ) to ace caM oe SHaneHHe, hto h Berefti, Boierepti, Bràtule$ti, Dobroslovepti, Dràgoiefti, Dràgotefti, Mogofefti, Ràdenti, Stanef ti, Vlàdefti. (AH Tpo- noHHMbr, KOTopbie hbjihiotch ocHOBaMH 3th x TOHOHHMOB, — Ber(e)a ( < Beri- vojì, Berislavù), Boier, Bratu(l), Dobroslav, Drdgoi, Dragota, Mogof, Radu(l), Stan- cu, Vlad). Vlàdenii hjih Vlàdeftii 03HanaeT nacjiejiHHKH hjih jho/i h — B.iada 2.
OGpa30BaHHH c cy<J)(})HKcoM -eni (-ani) MeHee MHoroiHCJieHHbi, nein 06pa30- BaHHH c -efti (-àfti) h 6o jiee MHoroHHCjieHHbi b M ojwobc h Ha ceBepo-3ana/ie CTpaHbl.
j| PYM blH bl KAK C03JIATEJIH «CJIABHHCKHX» TOIIOHHMOB 15
5 a
PyMblHCKHH H3bIK 3aHMCTB0BajI H3 CJiaBHHCKHX A3bIKOB flOBOJlbHO ÓOJlbUIOe
MHCJIO Cy(J)(J)HKCOB, KOTOpbie HBJIHIOTCH npO/iyKTHBHblMH H B HaiHH flHH. MHOrHe TonoHHM bi, 06pa30BaHHbie c sthmh cy<})(j>HKcaMH hmciot cjiaBflHcicyio 060Ji0HKy aaace b cjiynaax, teoria hx 0CH0Ba He HBJiaeTca cJiaBHHOKOH no npoHCXoac/ieHHio.
1 B CBK3H c cy(}){J)HKcaMH -easà (m h . h. -e s e ), -esc ( - escu, -àscu , -easca , mh. h. - e } t i ) , - o i ( -o n , Ha rm cbM e -ora, * . p. -o a ié ) cm . P a s c u, y K a j. r ip orn e ., cTp. 24, 65, 109.
2 B c b ìo h c Ha3BaHH»MH MecTHOcTefl, o6pa30BaHHbix c cy(ji(t>HKcaMH -efti h -eni cm. 1 o r g u l o r d a i ) , Toponimia romóneascà (Bucure§ti), Editura Academiei, 1963, CTp. 157.
16 3MMUb riETPOBHH 12
riOHTH BCe Cy4>(J)HKCbI CJiaBJIHCKOrO npOHCXO»CaeHHH BCTpeTHM B TOIIOHHMaX, B
KOTopbix ohh npHcoennHeHbi k HecjiaB»HCKOH ocHOBe ( -an, -af, -a$cu, -ean (mh.h. -erti), -eancà, -ei, -ifte, -¡¡a, -u f) : Culmea Lupanului ( < co6ciBeHHoe hmh Lupan) , Càlàrap, Lupafcul ( < coG ciBem ioe hmh Lupafc u ) , Vultureni ( < c o S c tb . hmh Vultur, cp. Vulturefti), Vulpeanca ( < c o 6c tb . hm h Vulpe), Ursei ( < urs), A lunif ( < alun), Cinepiftea ( < cinepa), Ciobànija ( < ciobànifà), P istrofifa ( < Pietroasa), C a lcia rla ( < calciare).
56
B OcHOBe np0 H 3B 0 flH 0r0 06pa30BaH HH MoaceT jieacaTb pyMbiHCKHH a n e ju ia - t h b cjiaBHHCKoro npoHCXoam eHHH : Cringafi ( < c r in g ) , Podifu l ( < p o d ) , Poienita ( < poiana), Topliceni ( < topli{à), Trestieni (< t r e s t ie ) .
6
PyMbiHCKHe 0(})HUHajibHbie opraH b i co3,aajiH-— hjih, CKopee, nepeBejiH — b 3 n oxy , KOrfla B pyMblHCKHX KHfl)KeCTBaX H3bIKOM anMHHHCTpaUHH 6bIJI CJiaBJIHCKHH, 3HaHH- TenbHoe KOJiHHecTBo Ha3BaHHÌi jura oripeaejieHHbix a/iMHHHCTpaTHBHbix e/uninu. BHe cOMHeHHH, Ha3BanHHMH n o ,a o6 H oro po,aa «B jia io T c a Ha3BaHHH ye3flOB D o lj h Gorj, K0T0pbte npeflCTaBjiHK)T c o 6 o i i coK pam enH bie (JiopMbi o t 06pa30BaHHbix 0({)HHHajib-
~A THbiMH ynpeacfleHHsiMH /\,vvhh JKh1 h TopHH JK ha2 BH anajie y n o T p e 6jiaeM bie b
nojiH O M HanHcaHHH, a 3aTeM , b no3 flne fiu iH x flOKyM eH Tax — b c 0K pam eHH 0MÀ” T
A o a h » , ro jK H w , nepenaBaeMbix b XIX BeKe jiaTHHCKHMH 6yKBaMH Doljiu , Gorjiu, h no3>Ke, Kor/ia Bbiuijia H3 ynoTpeSjieHHH op(j)orpa4)HH, ocHOBaHHan Ha 3THM0ji0rHHecK0M npHHHHne, h MHorne cjioBa, nncaBim ieca c Henp0H3H0CHMbiM KoneHHbiM -iu (HanpHMep, cy([x[)HKCbi -ariu, -eriu, -to riu ) cTajiH nHeaTbeH 6e3 -iu (-a r, -er, - to r ), H33BaHHe yKa3aHHbix ye3AOB npHHHjiH 3ByKOBOH h rpa4)HMecKHH o6jihk : D olj, Gorj.
PyMbiHCKHe o(j)HLiHajibHbie o p raH b i co3/iaJin cjiaBm rcKne n a sB a im a a n a aiiMH- HHCTpaTHBHbix eflHHHH h nyTeM nepeBO fla . T aK , ye3 fl Rtmnicul- Sarai h jih r o p o n
Cìmpulung noiiBJiJUOTCH b flOKyM eHTax b (¡Dopvie G iU N h . P 'kikhhk'k h jih G /U .iik
PklK'hHHK'h H COOTBeTCTBeHHO ¿\rt KrOnOAf,, K0T0p 0e OAHaKO He BOUIJIO B OÓHXOa. ByAyH H (j)OpMOH, C03AaiIH0Ìl 0 ([)HHHajlbHbIMH op raH aM H , CrtaH-K Pk ikhhkk .
He MO»ceT cjiyacHTb AOKU3aTejibCTBOM T o ro , h t o cjiaBHHCKoe HacejieHHe a x o r o
y e 3 ^ a ro B o p m io Ha loacHocjiaBHHCKOM flHajieKTe. IO>KH0CJiaBHHCKaH cjjopMa
n p H jia raT e jib H o ro c M eT are30H nm {)TO H ra o l o 6 a3 aH a K»KH0CJiaB5WCK0My (c p e - i liie 60JirapcK0M y ) T rn iy «3b iK a Kaimc/iflpHÌi h a flM H H H CTparaBH bix y -ipe^aeH H M
B a jiaxH H .
7
PyMbiHCKHe BJiacTH n o c jie pyccKO-TypeuKOH b o h h h 1877 — 78 r r . , b KOTOpoii n p m ra jia ynacTH e h PyMbiHHH, KaK co K B H im a P o cc h h , npHCBOHjiH Ha3BaHHH 6o j ir a p -
1 Docilmente privind istoria Romdniei, veac. XVI, B. voi. II, cip. 467 (1534 ran).2 wa r*pH!«8 Hìha» (29 mo;ia 1497): D H R , B. I, cTp. 450. Bce 3TO sranaeTca, KaK
b h a h o , cniioniHUM nepsBOflOM c pyMHHCKoro „din jude(ul Jil'ului de Sus“.
3 PYM blH bl KAK C03AATEJIH «CJIABflHCKHX» TOIIOHHMOB 17
khx ceji, rne npoxoxiHjiH 6oh b nepHOfl. bomhu 3a He3aBHCHMOCTb PyMbiHHH, eKoxopbiM pyMbiHCKHM cejraM. B pe3yjibTaTe 3T©ro.H a TeppiiTopHH PyMbiHHH oHBHJiHCb HOBbie TonoHHMbi cjiaBHHCKoro ran a , KaK :. Grivì(a (8 HacejieHHbtx nynK- ob), Plevna (4 HacejieHHbix nyHKTa), Rahova, Smìrdan hjih Zmirdanul. AHajiorMH-o noaBHjiHCb h nasBaHHH yjiHH, ■ KaK : Calea Grivi(ei, Calea Plevnei, Caìea Raho- ei hjih nasBaHHa KBapTajiOB, KaK: Grivi\a (Rafie). Mm cooTBeTCTByioT6ojirapcKHe onoHHMbi rpueuifa, tlAeeeH, Paxoeo, CMbpòan. «E o jib in oH reorpatJm ecKuft cjio- apb PyMbiHHH» o6biHno yKa3biBaeT b craTbax, nocBameHHbix sthm TonoHHMaM, t o cooTBeTCTByiomHe HacejieHHbie nyHKTbi «BuaioTca hjih hobmmh, co3aaHHbiMH OBOcejibuaMH nocjie bohhh 3a He3aBHCHM0CTb, hjih cTapbiMH, nepeHMeHOBaH- biMH b naMHTb o 6opuax 3a He3aBHCHMOCTb cTpaHbi. B T0n0rpaiJ)H4ecK0M h cra - HCTHHecKOM cjioBape OpyH3ecKy, H3aannov[ b 1872 r o n y 1, He B crpeiaeTca hh ahh HacejieHHbiii nyHKT c sthm Ha3BaHHeM.
CjiaBHHCKaa (jjop.via s t h x to i io h h m o b MoaceT b b c c th b 3a6jiyH m eH He n cc jie - OBarejieH. TaK, H3BecTHbiH óo jirapcK H H to i io h h m h c t M b . fly pH n aH O B , H3yitaa onoHHMbi, 06pa30B aH H bie o t pa3H bix K opH eìi c n o M o m b io cy(|x[)HKca -an, k o h -
raT H pyeT , h t o lOKHOcJiaBHHCKnii to i io h h m CMbpdau, Cupbdan, CMapòan, CMpdah OHBJiaeTCH ceMb p a3 h b PyM biHHH , CHHTaa, i t o e ro co3 fla jiH cjiaBHHe, npoacH - aBuiH e Korjia-To Ha T epp H ro p H H PyMbiHHH (K opeH b *smird- * cycj), -anù) a. TaKace
6bHCH«eT M o p r y MopaaH KaK cjiaBaHCKHe TonoHHMbi Rahova paìioHOB IL rioem T b
h T y p a X y M o p y j iy i i3, x o t h o h h O TcyicTByiO T b c jio B ap e O pyH 3ecK y h b reoepa- (fiunecKOM c.ioeape EyKoeunbi, cocTaBJieHHOM 3 m . rpHropoBHTu,eH4, h t o CBHfle- TejibCTByeT o h x no3flH eftm eM npoHcxoacneHHH .
8Ha3BaHHa, naHHbis pyMbiHCKHMH BJiacTaMH, nocjie 1919 r., b Apaajie ,
BaHaTe, KpauiaHe, MapaMypeuie, neKOTopbiM HaceneHHbtM nyHKTaM, KOTopbie no 3Toro HMejiH na3BaHHH, 3BynamHe neoSbiHHO /yia pyMbiH. HepenKo TaK ne HOBbie HaHMeHOBaHHH ocraBJiaioT BnenaTjieHHe, hto hbjihiotch cjiaBaHCKHMH, H3-3a CBOHX KOpHeii HJIH Cy(J)(})HKCOB. B neHCTBHTeJIbHOCTH )Ke 3T0 pyMblH- CKHe OCHOBbI HJIH Cy<j)(j)HKCbI. (FtpaBfla, B pyMblHCKOM a3bIKe OHH KOTfla-TO 6bijiH 3aHMCTBOBaHbi y cjiaBaH).
KcTaTH CKa3aTb, HHorna ochobm tekhx toiiohhmob h He bocxoaht k CTapbIM CJiaBaHCKHM 3aHMCTB 3BEHHHM, a TOJIiKO BH2tHHS IIOXOflflT Ha TaKHe. Cp. Ha3BaHH; pyMbiHCKoro HaC2ji;HKaro nyn:<ra Blàjeni (ye3Ji Bistrita-Nàsàud), KOTopbiH A3 1919 r. Ha3bisaJi:a Blajfalàu ( < Bear. Balàzsfalva). OonoBa B la j- 3 to co6cTBeHHoe «v ia , KOTopos npeflDTaBjii3T co5o3 JiaTHHDKoa arHorpacJmne- CKoe hmh Blasius, b cjiaBaHCKOM —• Vlasij, CTaBinee b BSHrepcKOM a3biKe Balàzs.
1 D i m i t r i e F r u n z e s c u , Dicfionaru topografici* f i statisticu alu Romaniei, Bucurejti,
2 H » . f l y p H a a H O B , 3a h h k o u c . io a o o ó p a io a a m e . iH U munoee e óbixiapcKama mononuMun c ycnopedbnu om dpyeums cjwshhcku ejuifu, (fC.iaeucmuHen c6opnuK», 1, E-juKoinanue. I l o c.iynaùyI V MeMcdynapoden Kompec uà c.taeucmume e MocKea, Co()>hh, 1958, CTp. 213 H CJiefl.
3 I o r g u l o r d a n , Toponimia romàneascà, Bucurejti, 1963, CTp. 84, 361.4 Em . G r i g o r o v i t z a , Dicfionarul geografie al Bucovinei (Societatea geografica romà-
nà, Dicjionarete geografice ale ¡àrilor locuite de romàni in afarà de Regat), Bucurejti, 1908.
2-1457
18 3MHJIb ÜETPOBHH 14
TaKHx iiaHMeHOBaHHH, noaBMBiiixcfl nocjie 1919 r. Ha yKa3aHHoií TeppH- TOPHH PyMBIHHH, HeMajIO. HeCMOTpfl Ha HBHOCTb Toro, HTO OHM npeACTaBJia- io t co6oh HOBbie pyMbiHCKHe TonoHHMbi, co3naHHbie nocjie 1919 r., Hopean 3aHMOB CHHTaeT hx 6ojirapCKHMH
TaKHM 06pa30M , H3 OMeHb MHOrOHHCJieHHblX TOIIOHHMOB Ha TeppHTOpHH PyMbiHHH, KOTOpbie npHBOflHT f [ . 3aHMOB, CJiaBflHaMH C03XiaH0 TOJTbKO He- 3HaHmejibHoe kojihhcctbo. OcHOBHaa * e Macca 3thx toüohhmob s to jih6o pyMbiHCKHe HapoflHwe TonoHHMHnecKHe 4>opMauHH, jih6o cobccm HeaaBHHe Ha3BaHHfl, C03íiaHHbie pyMbIHCKHMH aflMHHHCTpaTHBHbIMH BJiaCTHMH.
*
Ü3 Bbiiue CKa3aHHoro BbiTeicaeT, h to Tbicann, naace necaTKH Tbican to itoh hm ob cjiaBancKoro Tuna Ha TeppHiopHH PyMbiHHH, aHanorHHHbie c npHBeaeHHbiMH b noKjiane, He MoryT 6biTb Hcn0Jib30BaHbi npn apryMeHTauHH jiHHrBHCTHHecKoro h HCTopHHecKoro xapaKTepa b nojib3y apeBHHX cjiaBHHCKHX nocejienHH b c o o tb c t- CTByiomHX oójracTflx. B s th x nejiax cjieayeT CTporo orpaHHHHBaTbca HasBaHHXMH MeCTHOCTeÜ, HeOCnOpHMO C03,HaHHbIMH CJiaBSHaMH, HHCJIO KOTOpblX, BnponeM, 3HaHHTejibHO. Ciona o th och tch , Hanp., 06pa30BaHH5i c cyiJxJíHKcaMH -av-, -ov-, -ev-, -in-, - íj - , - j- h np., h jih ace, K0T0pbie bocxo/ijit k jieiccHHecKHM 3JieMeHTaM, oTCyTCTByiomHM b pyMbiHCKOM H3biKe h HHKorna He cymecTBOBaBiuHM b ero cjio- Bape, KaK, Hanp., Certia, Cernavoda, Cimpina ( < cjiaB. Kqpina), Crasna, Domogled, S iu l ( < cjiaB. s iñ l), Timna ( < cjiaB. tim ina ) h t .
1 11 o p í a h 3 a h m o b, 3ace.ieaHe na ObAiapcKume c.iaannu Ha Eoakühckuh ito A y - ocmpoe. IJpoyweane na MumeACKume U M éna e óbJizapcKama monomMUH, CoAhh, 1967, CTp. 107.