PygmalionPygmalion

NSEFC Student’s Book NSEFC Student’s Book 88

Period 3 GrammarPeriod 3 Grammar

Bernard Shaw was very interested in the way people spoke. He argued that this showed their level of ___________ and therefore their position in society. He always said that he was never __________ about people’s _______ after hearing them talk. In fact he ____________ himself on his ability to decide whether they belong to a lower, middle or upper class after listening to their conversation.

education

mistaken statuscongratulated

Answer to exercise1Answer to exercise1

Discovering useful words and expressionsDiscovering useful words and expressions

He never ________ in his view that in England the ________ of one person to another depended upon their speech. He thought that good grammar and pronunciation were the most important things you needed to be accepted as a(an) _________ member of the upper or middle class. So no one should be __________ about the message he wrote in this play.

hesitatedreactions

authenticconfused

Answer to exercise1Answer to exercise1

1. in disguise

2. in delight

3. in amazement

4. in shock

5. in pain

6. in return

7. in trouble

Answer to exercise2Answer to exercise2

GrammarGrammar

Revise Revise the Past Participle the Past Participle

as as the Adverbialthe Adverbial

复习过去分词作状语复习过去分词作状语

1. _______ ( 污染的 )air and water are harmful to people’s health.

2. The problem ____________________ ( 在会议上讨论的 ) yesterday was very difficult to solve.

3. He became ______ ( 兴奋 ) when he heard he had won the first place in the competition.4. I am _________ ( 感兴趣 ) in the story.

Polluted

discussed at the meeting

excited

interested

the attribute

the attribute

predicative

predicative

Revision

5. I haven’t got the film ________ ( 冲洗 )yet.

6. Do you know the man _______ ( 站 ) beside the door?

7. A breaking cup is lying on the floor.

8. The meeting holds yesterday was very important.

developed

standing

breaking 改为 broken

holds 改为 held

object complement

The attribute

The attribute

Revision

The past participle

the Attribute1

Predicative2

Object Complement3

the Adverbial4

-ed 分词作状语-ed 分词短语做状语可表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴随等意义。这种 -ed 分词状语相当于一个时间、地点、原因、条件、让步等状语从句，若 -ed 分词作状语，句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成动宾关系，即是该分词动作的承受者。-ed 分词（短语）作状语时，也可在其前面加上连词 when,if,once,though,unless 等，以便明确作何种状语。

①① 表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词分词前可加连词 whenwhen 或或 whilewhile 来强调时间概来强调时间概念。念。从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大花园。______________________________ , the city looked like a big garden.

Seen from the top of the hill

入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。__________________________, he decided to devote his life to the cause of  the Party.

Accepted by the Party

② 表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了，停止了争吵。 ______________________________________,

the young people made up their minds to stop  the struggle. 

Moved by the story

③③ 表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用分词前可用 ifif 等词。等词。再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。____________________________ Given another chance, he will do better.

④④ 表让步，相当于一个表让步，相当于一个 though/althoughthough/although 引引导的 导的 让步状语从句。 让步状语从句。尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。________________________________, they went on running after the robber. Exhausted by the running

尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。______________________________ Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.

⑤⑤ 表方式或伴随情况。表方式或伴随情况。那个老人在他的妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。The old man went into the room, ______________.supported by his wife

我和父亲坐在桌子旁边讨论着我的工作问题。 __________________________, my father and I were talking about my job. 

Seated at the table

Tips:

过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的区别在于 : 过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系 , 而现在分词与句子主语构成主谓关系。 Seeing in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.

Seen in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.

1. While he was watching TV,he heard a knock at the door.

2. If the town is seen from the top of the hill,it looks more beautiful.

While watching TV,he heard a knock at the door.

Seen from the top of the hill,the town looks more beautiful.

Learn to useLearn to useRewrite the following sentences using participles:Rewrite the following sentences using participles:

3. As the watch is used for a long time ,it needs repairing .

4. Though he had seen told many times he couldn’t understand it.

Used for a long time,the watch needs repairing.

Having been told many times, he couldn’t understand it.

Learn to useLearn to use

Correct the errors1.Being taught by the two gentlemen, great

progress was made by Eliza.

2.Having been awarded so many prizes in literature, George’s years of effort was well deserved.

3.Bitten by the snake in the bush, we sent Susan back to the camp.

4.Being punished by his boss, his mood was very bad

Eliza made great progress

∧George felt

__________________________________

Susan was sent back to the camp

__________________________

he was in a very bad mood

5.Found a hole in her stocking, Mandy said to her friend,” I will buy another pair and meet you in two hours’ time”.

6. Been forced to leave his job, he set up his own company

7.Having been caught, the police took the thief to the police station

______________

Having found a hole

___________________________

Having been forced to leave his job

_________________________________________

The thief was taken to the the police station

1. ___ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose2. If ___ the same treatment again, he’s sure to get

well. A. giving B. give C. given D. being given3. _____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous

universities in the United States. A. Founded B. It was founded C. Being founded D. Founding

Practice makes perfectPractice makes perfect

4. _____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all.

A. Compare B. When comparing

C. Comparing D. When compared

5. ___ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give

C. Giving D. Given

Practice makes perfectPractice makes perfect

6. ___ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

A. Dressed B. To dress

C. Dressing D. Having dressed

7. Unless ___ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.

A. invited B. inviting

C. being invited D. having invited

Practice makes perfect

1. _______ more attention, the tree could have grown better.     A. Given       B. To give       

C. Giving         D. Having given.2. The computer center, ________ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open        B. opening      

C. having opened   D. opened

高考链接：

3. The first textbooks ________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written  

C. being written    D. written4. ________ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.  A. Losing      B. Having lost     

C. Lost          D. To lose

高考链接：

5. _______ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.      A. Having suffered    B. Suffering  

C. To suffer      D. Suffered

7. Mr. Smith, _______ of the ________ speech, started to read a novel. (03’ 北京春 )    A. tired; boring    B. tiring; bored   

C. tired; bored     D. tiring; boring

高考链接：

7. Do you know the name of the play___ in the hall now? A. to be put on B. being put on C. put on D. putting on

9. Please don’t forget him. He is one of _______. A. those invited B. invited those C. those inviting D. inviting those

8. I borrowed a book ______ by Mark Twain from the library last week. I like it very much. A. written B. writing C. was written D. to write

10. ________ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received

11. Before _____, the machine must be checked. A. being used B. using it C. being used to D. using 12. ____ better attention , the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in the sky and ____ them light. A. Giving; given B. Given; given C. Giving; giving D. Given; giving

13. When _____, the museum will be open to the public next year. (02’ 上海春 )A. completed      B. completing      

C. being completed   D. to be completed

14. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases ________ only to people with specific knowledge. (02’ 上海 ) A. being known    B. having been known   

C. to be known   D. known

AssignmentAssignment 1. Review the grammar. 2. Finish the exercises of using

structure in workbook 3. Exercises of the Past

Participle as the Adverbial

Designer for this period:Designer for this period:

Zhang Zhang XiaohuaXiaohua