publishing in the digital age - lsu workshop

Publishing in the Digital Age

Peggy L Chinn, RN, PhD, FAAN

Editor, Advances in Nursing Science

Acknowledgement: Leslie Nicoll, PhD, RN, FAAN

Objectives

Interpret the nuances of the term “open

access”

Recognize and avoid predatory publishers

Relate the importance of journal due

diligence to professional manuscript

development

Apply valuable online tools to remain

current with the rapidly changing

publishing worldNovember 2014Peggy Chinn © 2014 2

Digital Literacy

Knowing how to use computers, access

information, sift out irrelevant information

quickly, “drill down” to find relevant

information, and skillfully assess the value

and worth of competing sources and ideas

Digital natives were born after 1990, but

not all 20’somethings are natives

Digital immigrants are the rest of us!

November 2014Peggy Chinn © 2014 3

Keys to Immigration

Learning to tolerate the “quick scan”

Getting over the fear you might miss something and learning that important things repeat over and over

Learning to quickly find all elements on the screen, which requires abandoning the expectation that things will stay the same.

Tolerating ambiguity and change – learning the culture of constant & frequent “quality improvement”

Acquiring rapid “drilling” techniques


How to Drill

Learn to rely on social media and your online network (in other words, rarely go directly to an article or a site; rely on your network)

Twitter

Blogs

Follow key blogs to get notifications

Join key listservs/email groups

“Like” professional Facebook pages in your area of interest


Publishing

Publish: to make something public

Publisher: An organizational entity that

engages in the business of making written

works public and that assumes financial risks

and benefits of doing so

Author: The individual who produces a written

work

Authors can publish their own works, an

option that has vastly increased in the digital

ageNovember 2014Peggy Chinn © 2014 6

What Publishers Do

The Scholarly Kitchen chefs list 82 things!

High quality editing, preparation &

production

Provision of permanent archiving and

discoverablity

Underwriting of all expenses, known and

unknown

Responsible for marketing and distribution

Management of copyright and other legal

mattersNovember 2014Peggy Chinn © 2014 7

http://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2014/10/21/updated-80-things-publishers-do-2014-edition/

Terms

Open Access – business model that uses Author Processing Charges in place of subscription fees

Public Access - requirement of a funding agency stipulating funded research results be made available to the public, usually after an embargo period.

Free Access – offered to the public as a marketing tool for a discrete time period.

Pay to Publish – predatory practice that uses APC for personal gain


Copyright & Creative Commons Licensing

Copyright Clearance Center – Get the

Facts (copyright.com)

Copyright on Campus video - watch it,

show it

Creative Commons License – when you

want to share but also want attribution to

your work

Creative Commons Kiwi – watch it, show it!


http://www.copyright.com/content/cc3/en/toolbar/education/get-the-facts.html

http://www.copyright.com/content/cc3/en/toolbar/education/resources/copyright_on_campus.html

https://creativecommons.org/videos/creative-commons-kiwi

Open Access

It is:

A business model

A cost shift from

reader to author

Intended to increase

access of scientists

& public to current

scientific findings

Subject to copyright

or creative commons

protection

It is not:

Not “free”

Not available for

unrestricted

distribution

Not in itself less

valuable or

rigorous than

paper

Not a simple

replication of

paperNovember 2014Peggy Chinn © 2014 10

PubMed & PubMed Central

PubMed – search engine for all material

indexed by Medline (NLM/NIH database)

Available only through libraries from 1971-

1997; free to the public in June 1997

PubMed Central – a repository for digital

full-text articles

NIH public-access policy requires all

funded research reports deposited within

12 months of print publication


OA Distribution Models

Traditional: Subscribers pay to have

unrestricted access to content

Gold: Author pays APC (author processing

charge) substituting for subscription fees –

article is immediately available to all

Platinum: Publisher obtains grant,

sponsor, or donor to cover cost, with little

or no author fee


OA Distribution (cont.)

Green: Publisher gives “green light” to

authors to self-archive their pre-

publication manuscript in an open

repository

Hybrid: Combination of traditional and

gold access models

Delayed: Publisher provides open access

for no additional fee after an embargo

period of 6-12 months


Benefits

Provides rapid access to all scholars who might not otherwise find and build on important new scientific findings

Provides access to the tax-paying public without the barrier of cost

Increases the author’s range of influence by making their work widely accessible, not limited to a journal’s subscribers or academic library access


Challenges

Monetary transactions from authors to

publishers creates a “pay to play” culture

Shift from reader-centric model to author-

centric model calls into question whose

interest is being served

Widespread confusion calls for education

and heightened awareness of pitfalls

Open door for predatory practices


Key: Editorial Integrity

The best protection available against

“fake” science that harms the public.

Assurance to the scientific community that

what is published is a sound basis upon

which to build future research.

Assurance to the public that what is

published is in the human interest in

practice.


Editorial Integrity Defined Practices widely acknowledged to provide

assurance to the discipline and the public that:

“Iron wall” practices protect against commercial and personal influence on editorial content

All persons involved in selection and production of editorial content are fully qualified & adhere to COPE Codes of Conduct

Editorial content has been adequately vetted by experts in the field


http://publicationethics.org/resources/code-conduct

“TCP” Hallmarks of Integrity

Transparency – editorial practices for all

stages of publication are readily available

Corroboration – all claims (journal

performance, editorial staff qualifications,

etc.) are consistent with external sources

Permanence – assurance of preservation

and discoverability of journal content is

assured – Digital Object Identifiers (DOI)


http://www.wame.org/News/Details/2

http://www.doi.org/

Predatory Practices

Questionable business practices

Use gold open-access model (author pays)

without clear contractual agreements or

assurances

Aggressive methods to lure authors in

Promises of rapid review and rapid publication

Location and contact information for publisher

and editor is non-existent or hard to find

Mimics legitimate journal names, logos, etc. to

create confusion


Predatory Practices

Mystification and obfuscation

Little or no evidence of archiving

No provision for discoverability over time

Very scant information about manuscript

preparation, submission and review.

Journal titles mislead and confuse to mimic

well-established and respected journals

(and conferences)


Predatory Practices

False representations

Fake Impact factors

Editorial board “harvested” or themselves

lured in

“Honorary” Editor-in-Chief

Once you agree, the promises of

publication (or conference program) are

not delivered


Science Publishing Group

2 week “review” time – inadequate;

signals the probability of no review by

actual peers

“Favorable” price – red flag of a money-

making scam

“Famous” indexing databases: CAS

Source Index (Chemical abstract service)

On Beall’s List


http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/home/index.aspx

http://scholarlyoa.com/publishers/

Protect Yourself: Transparency

Who is the Editor and is this person

qualified for the job?

Can you reach the Editor by email?

Are the guidelines for manuscript

submission clear?

Are the processes for review and

selection described thoroughly?


http://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2014/09/23/the-editor-a-vital-role-we-barely-talk-about-anymore/

Protect Yourself: Corroboration

Are the qualifications of the Editor (and Advisory Board) clear and documented on external sources?

If bibliometric data are posted, are they valid measures and can these be verified?

If indexing services are listed, do those Indexes actually contain entries to this publication?


Protect Yourself: Permanence

Is there an archive of past issues, and

how are these archived?

Can you find previous publications in the

standards indexes used in nursing and

health care?

Do past articles have a DOI assigned?


Journal Due Diligence

What audience do you want to reach?

How will your work fit within the scope and purposes of a prospective journal?

Are you satisfied that the journal follows best publishing practices?

What are the requirements for manuscript preparation (length, style & format, etc.)?

What is the overall “style” of the journal?


Journal Metrics

Impact Factor: Journal Citation Reports

IF2013 = 2013 citations to articles

published in 2011 and 2012 / articles

published in 2011 and 2012

Altmetrics – based on social media

references, posts

Google Scholar Metrics – based on h

index


http://exchanges.wiley.com/blog/2014/05/15/how-to-navigate-the-world-of-citation-metrics/

http://wokinfo.com/citationconnection/

http://www.ala.org/acrl/publications/keeping_up_with/altmetrics

http://www.google.com/intl/en/scholar/metrics.html#overview

Impact Factor Limitations

Only draws on journals that also are

included in the Journal Citations Index

Problems with what “counts” as a citable

item

Errors in citations

Relies on print publication date, and

calendar year data


http://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2014/04/28/reinventing-the-impact-factor-for-the-21st-century/

Value of Blogs A form of self-publishing: most often open to the

public with no restrictions and no fee (the blogger is the publisher, and assumes all costs unless otherwise stated)

Quality varies vastly; author reputation and integrity is a key value indicator

By definition employs a form of post-publication peer-review

High quality blogs offer high value to the reader

Current time and context dimension that is unequalled by print or even online publications


Your own “Blogosphere”

Follow blogs specific to your nursing focus (see Concorde & “Top 100” Lists)

Follow general Blogs related to scholarship & writing (upcoming slides!)

Create your own Blog and post weekly

Use Facebook & Twitter with your own range of influence in mind

ICYMI – My list of web sites and blogs!


http://www.concorde.edu/blog/45-nursing-blogs-keep-you-informed-entertained-and-know

http://www.bestmedicalassistantprograms.org/top-100-nursing-blogs/#general

http://peggychinn.com/

Scholarly OA

Blog by Jeffrey Beall, librarian at U of

Colorado Denver

Posts every few days with alerts,

examples, commentary about predatory

publishers & practices.

Maintains “Beall’s List” of predatory

publishers and standalone journals


http://scholarlyoa.com/

http://scholarlyoa.com/about/

Scholarly Kitchen

Covers “what’s hot and cooking in

scholarly publishing”

Affiliated with the Society for Scholarly

Publishing

16 bloggers with notable academic and

publishing credentials

Avid supporters of OA publishing


http://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/

http://www.sspnet.org/

Vitae

Social network created by Chronicle of

Higher Education that provides a way to

spotlight your own work

Features groups where you can start a

discussion or participate in someone’s

else’s discussion

Check out the group on Scholarly Writing


https://chroniclevitae.com/

https://chroniclevitae.com/groups/on-writing

INANE

International Academy of Nursing Editors

Blog addresses current issues in publishing & news from the nursing publishing world

Resources section includes links for authors, editors and publishers

Nursing Journals Directory in collaboration with Nurse Author & Editor

See current Initiative on Editorial Standards November 2014Peggy Chinn © 2014 35

http://nursingeditors.com/

http://nursingeditors.com/journals-directory/

http://nursingeditors.com/inane-initiatives/open-access-editorial-standards/

Nurse Author & Editor

Edited by Leslie Nicoll, PhD, RN, FAAN

Registration to access newsletter is free

September 2014 issue contains INANE’s

position paper on Predatory Publishing

Provides access to Christine Webb's

Writing for Publication booklet


http://www.nurseauthoreditor.com/

http://www.nurseauthoreditor.com/article.asp?id=261

http://www.nurseauthoreditor.com/forauthors.asp

Nursing Writing

Blog by Thomas Long, PhD (English)

Writing coach with UConn School of

Nursing

Posts regularly with commentary on

writing and publishing and opportunities

for publishing and presenting

Provides editing services for a fee


http://nursingwriting.wordpress.com/