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Let us handle the introductionsLaissez-nous faire les présentations
Public, Private and IntergovernmentalConsultations for FTA Negotiations:
The Canadian Experience
Nadia BourélySenior Trade Commissioner
Embassy of Canada to Indonesia
Presentation Outline
• Overview Canada Trade Negotiation Agenda• Canada's Approach to Public Consultations
– Why ? What ? Who ? How ?– Conducting Public Consultations
• Preparing Potential Negotiations– Exploratory Process– Joint Economic Feasibility Study
• Negotiations : consult, consult, consult– Preparing a Round & Ongoing Consultations– Promoting Transparency
• Life After Negotiations: conclusion to entry into force– Communicating the Benefits
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Canada’s Trade Negotiations Agenda
• Canada's Free Trade Agreements – NAFTA, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Panama, Honduras, Costa
Rica– CETA, EFTA, Ukraine– Korea– Jordan, Israel
• Ongoing Negotiations / Exploratories– NAFTA– China– India– TPP– Other
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Canada’s Trade Negotiations Agenda
• Progressive Trade Agenda – Positions informed before and during negotiations by
thorough consultations with broad range of stakeholders;– Improved transparency regarding the negotiating process
and related activities;– Domestic promotion and communication of the benefits of
trade and investment;– Inclusion of Specific Provisions (right to regulate in the
public interest, labour, environment, CSR);– Supporting inclusive growth: ensuring that trade gains are
sustainable and broadly shared, creating jobs for middle class.
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Canada’s Trade Negotiations Agenda
• Key Players:– Global Affairs Canada:
• Negotiations Divisions & Thematic Divisions• Geographic Division & Embassies Abroad• Communications Division• Parliamentary Affairs & Legal Bureau• Chief Economist Office
– Other Government Departments (FIN, AAFC)– Privy Council Office– Political Level– Provinces, Territories, Municipalities, Indigenous Groups– Stakeholders & General Public
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Canada’s Approach to Public Consultations
• 1. Why? What? Who? How?– Obtain Information that will:
• Inform parallel exploratory discussions;• Inform future decision whether to launch; and• Determine Canada’s objectives and approach to potential
negotiations.
– Feedback on opportunities, defensive interests, concerns:• Market access (tariff elimination, NTBs: SPS & TBTs);• Transparency, regulatory and trade practices, business environment;• Intellectual Property, Movement of Natural Persons;• Right to regulate in the public interest, sustainability of natural
resources; and• Any other relevant issue.
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Canada’s Approach to Public Consultations
• 1. Why? What? Who? How? (con’t)– Canada’s evolving trade negotiation consultation
mechanisms:• Moving towards receiving a wide range of perspectives and
experiences: Going beyond exporters and investors;• Using innovative communication means; and • Promoting Transparency.
– Address growing negative public perception:• FTA negotiations secretive and non-inclusive;• FTA serve the interest of multinational corporations;• Concerns: environment, labour, IP, investor-state dispute
resolution, right to regulate in public interest;• Need to ensure Canadians are heard.
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Canada’s Approach to Public Consultations
• 2. Conducting Public Consultations– Launch may involve:
• Engagement with provinces, territories, municipalities, indigenous groups;
• Global Affairs Canada news release;• Canada Gazette notice published; and• Launch of consultations website (ministerial message, process and
resources)• Launch social media campaign (e.g. @CanadaTrade) • Email notification to previous stakeholders
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Canada’s Approach to Public Consultations
• Gazette: Canada-China FTA Public Consultations
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Canada’s Approach to Public Consultations
• Public Website: Canada-China FTA Consultations
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Canada’s Approach to Public Consultations
• Canada-China FTA Public Consultations: Resources
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Canada’s Approach to Public Consultations
• Consultations:– Providing opportunity to contribute to all those interested– Proactive Gvt engagement with business/non-business
stakeholders, e.g.:• Meeting with provinces, territories, municipalities;• Meeting with Departmental Advisory Groups;• Roundtables/calls with business associations;• Thematic Roundtables;• Questionnaires;• Engagement with national indigenous organizations; and• Engagement with general public, universities.
– Publication of final report on public consultations.
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Canada’s Approach to Public Consultations
• Key benefits of Public Consultations:– To inform objectives, key interests and potential concerns
related to a possible FTA;– Shape parameters of a negotiation that reflects interests
and values; and– Opportunity to raise level of understanding among
stakeholders and general public:• Potential benefits of open markets and trade;• Acknowledging challenges, costs; and• Clear misconceptions.
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Preparing Potential Negotiations
• Exploratory Process:– One of the first steps that Canada takes when considering
whether to initiate negotiations for a potential FTA; – Traditionally taking place same time as FTA public
consultations; – Helps to determine issues or areas to include in a potential
agreement and level of ambition;– Is there sufficient interest or economic benefits to pursue
such an FTA? and– May result in outcome document or key guidelines.
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Preparing Potential Negotiations
• Joint Economic Feasibility Study: – May be conducted if both sides agree;– Factual overview of respective policies for trade and
investment;– Estimate possible economic impact of hypothetical FTA
through economic modelling;– Both sides need to work closely on co-drafting a cohesive
document; and– May be publicly released once finalized.
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Preparing Potential Negotiations
• Government Decision– Issue: Whether launching an FTA negotiation is in the best
interest of Canada– Memo to Cabinet
• Potential economic benefits; • Likelihood of success; • Potential risks and challenges; • Views of Canadians and stakeholders; and • Full inter-departmental process.
– Negotiating Mandate
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Negotiations: Coordinate, Coordinate, Coordinate
• Preparing & Finalizing a Negotiating Round:– Role of Coordinating Division– Interdepartmental Process– Briefing Notes– Negotiating Instructions– Reporting
• Ongoing Consultations with Stakeholders & Partners:– Public, Private, Inter-departmental, Inter-governmental– Minister, Chief Negotiator, Officials Levels– Making sure FTA benefits Canadian interests
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Negotiations: Coordinate, Coordinate, Coordinate
• Parliamentary Committee for International Trade on FTA Study: more stakeholder input
• Presenting to Cabinet for Mandate Adjustment as necessary: more consultations
• Promoting Transparency: – News releases– Website updates
• Consultations and Coordination: – Ongoing, Ongoing, Ongoing…
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Life After Negotiations
• From Conclusion to Entry into Force…then what ? • Communicating the Benefits:
– Materials, Website, Keeping Updates;
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Life After Negotiations
• Benefits for Provinces and Territories:
• Identify Contact Point; and• Role of the Trade Commissioner Service.
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Conclusion
• Inter-departmental and Stakeholders’ Consultations: Integral to Success
• Transparency, Openness: Not a Choice
• Clear Process, Coordination: Crucial
• Accountability: Importance of Decision-Maker
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The Canadian Trade Commissioner Service
Le Service des délégués commerciaux du CanadaKedutaan Besar Kanada – Divisi Perdagangan
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