public policy
DESCRIPTION
Public Policy. Graham [Ch 8 in Wiarda]. 4 elements. process complexity & sectors cross-national central state. Graham’s study. role of state in “late modernizers” 15 yr study of devlpt program adminstration Intergovernment management experience Mex, Portugal, Romania (+Braz & FYR) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Public Policy
Graham [Ch 8 in Wiarda]
4 elements
processcomplexity & sectorscross-nationalcentral state
Graham’s study
role of state in “late modernizers” 15 yr study of devlpt program
adminstrationIntergovernment management
experienceMex, Portugal, Romania (+Braz & FYR)Note demands on time for interviews
311 semi-structured & exploratory
Focus
Functional field systemsIntegrated prefectural systemsUnintegrated prefectural systems
Systems
FFS: extensive decentralization FYR, Brazil, US
IPS: prefect reports to centre CommE.Eur, pre 74 Portugal
UPS: delegation to region office Mex, post 74 Portugal
Cross-culture
reliance on state in mixed & socialist FYR devolved Mex raionalized Port/Rom insured local autonomy
Thousands of programs no significant reduction of state
activity
Study
Focus on policy implementationDependent v = dev policy across time
“allocation of $ to accomplish public goals
Independent v’s 1 econ/pol structure 2 admin org 3 role expectations of bureaucrats
Indicators
1 practices in allocation/ status of individuals and groups/ infor and compliance mechanisms/ authority patterns [how to measure?]
2 pub orgs and sub-units3 ideology/ soc norms/ org. values/
reference group ID
Questions
What resources 1966-81 what determined policy who was involved what was impact feedback
[implementation focus??!]
Overcoming obstacles
Resistance to interviews“limited anticipated results”! [182]don’t be tied to interview guide
Findings
Sub-national unit more effective unit of analysis than community
unitary/federal best predictor of program implementation differences
interesting interaction regional/fed unbalanced devlptfield admin best way to get at
central/decentralized mix
Back to basics
Massive state interventionScarce talentState-socialist regimesgovt. the only sector assuming
responsibility for transformation
Analysis
Include all public servantsManagerial roles in implementationStructure-function
Power styles
Informationstructureinhibition of
democracy
pre-occupation with status
lack of senior managers in colonial
Economic development
Devlpt requires innovationCan bureaucracy modernize
economy without itself becoming modern?
May pre-empt rise of entrepreneurs Merchants harassed Tax a system of tribute
Political development
Differentiation of functions?Premature bureaucracy?Democracy requires separationModernization requires politicized
bureaucracyDecentralization one compromise