public information on exposure scenarios

PUBLIC INFORMATION ON EXPOSURE SCENARIOS

Substance Name: dibutyl phthalate

EC Number: 201-557-4

CAS Number: 84-74-2

Registrant's Identity: Roxel (UK Rocket Motors) Ltd

EC number: 201-557-4

Dibutyl phthalate CAS number: 84-74-2

30/07/2013 2.2 PUBLIC INFORMATION ON

EXPOSURE SCENARIOS 4

9.1. Exposure scenario 1: Use at industrial site - Industrial use in manufacture of solid propellants and motor charges for rockets and tactical missiles Environment contributing scenario(s): Industrial use in manufacture of solid propellants and motor charges for rockets and tactical missiles

ERC 5

Worker contributing scenario(s): Transfer of substance or preparation into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

PROC 9

Transfer of substance or preparation into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

PROC 9

Mixing or blending in batch processes for formulation of preparations and articles (multistage and/or significant contact)

PROC 5

Transfer of substance or preparation (charging/discharging) from/to vessels/large containers at dedicated facilities

PROC 8b

Use in batch and other process (synthesis) where opportunity for exposure arises PROC 4 Use in batch and other process (synthesis) where opportunity for exposure arises PROC 4 Transfer of substance or preparation (charging/discharging) from/to vessels/large containers at dedicated facilities.

PROC 8b

Production of preparations or articles by tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelettisation PROC 14 Production of preparations or articles by tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelettisation PROC 14 Use in batch and other process (synthesis) where opportunity for exposure arises PROC 4 Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles PROC 21 Use in batch and other process (synthesis) where opportunity for exposure arises PROC 4 Transfer of substance or preparation into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing)

PROC 9

Transfer of substance or preparation (charging/discharging) from/to vessels/large containers at dedicated facilities

PROC 8b

Use in closed batch process (synthesis or formulation) PROC 3 Use in batch and other process (synthesis) where opportunity for exposure arises PROC 4 Use in batch and other process (synthesis) where opportunity for exposure arises PROC 4 Use in closed, continuous process with occasional controlled exposure (e.g. sampling) PROC 2 High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles PROC 24 High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles PROC 24 High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles PROC 24 Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles PROC 21 High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles PROC 24 Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles PROC 21 Roller application or brushing PROC 10 Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles PROC 21

Explanation on the approach taken for the ES

DBP is added to specific propellant formulations. This explanation describes the process for production of propellant and motor charges for mixtures containing DBP. The DBP is first mixed into the propellant at the powder manufacture stage. The DBP (liquid) is weighed. The DBP is introduced into a mixer together with the other ingredients. After mixing, the propellant is a solid (‘dough’). The ‘dough’ is then extruded to form cords.





Remote operation is utilised during mixing & extrusion (due to the highly energetic nature of the propellant), with only limited short term worker exposure during loading/unloading. Workers wear gloves and there is therefore no direct contact with the dough. Face masks & gloves are worn during weighing out of the ingredients, including the DBP. The propellant cords are then cut to form granules. This is a manned operation for which gloves and safety glasses are worn (there is no dust as the collecting chamber for the cutting is enclosed, principally to protect operators in the event of fire). Solvent-based cleaning of equipment may be carried out from time to time, but no washing of equipment is required or carried out. Mixing & cleaning is conducted with ventilation & PPE (air-fed visors). All waste propellant material is collected and sent for open, controlled burning on Roxel UK’s site; complete combustion ensures no phthalates are released into environment. When manufacturing propellant charges, a casting liquid is added to the powder. The interstices between the granules are filled with the casting liquid; on heating to moderate temperature and pressure, interdiffusion of the casting liquid occurs, knitting the two component system together into a monolithic block. The operators wear PPE when manually loading the powder into the motor case or beaker in the casting tooling. The casting operation is conducted under vacuum. Curing is a two stage process over several days at a controlled moderate temperature. Some machining is carried out to finish the motor charges

9.1.1. Environmental contributing scenario 1: Industrial use in manufacture of solid propellants and motor charges for rockets and tactical missiles

9.1.1.1. Conditions of use Amount used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life) • Daily use at site: <= 1.667E-4 tonnes/day • Annual use at a site: <= 0.01 tonnes/year • Percentage of tonnage used at regional scale: = 100 % Conditions and measures related to sewage treatment plant • Municipal STP: Yes [Effectiveness Water: 89.14%] • Discharge rate of STP: >= 2E3 m3/d • Application of the STP sludge on agricultural soil: Yes Conditions and measures related to treatment of waste (including article waste) • Particular considerations on the waste treatment operations: No (low risk) (ERC based assessment demonstrating control of risk with default conditions. Low risk assumed for waste life stage. All propellant waste is burnt on-site under controlled conditions by agreement with relevant authorities; this waste disposal method is deemed necessary for disposal of energetic materials. Other conditions affecting environmental exposure • Receiving surface water flow rate: >= 1.8E4 m3/d

9.1.1.2. Releases

In practice, no release of DBP to the environment from the process occurs. All propellant waste material generated on-site (including contaminated rags from cleaning, swarf from machining, off-specification material) during production is collected and burnt under controlled conditions on-site (this is required for the disposal of energetic materials). There is no release of DBP to wastewater or soil at any point in the processes on-site. Furthermore, given the very low quantities of DBP used in the process and the vapour pressure of the substance, releases of DBP to air from local extraction systems or general use will be minimal, if any. Nonetheless, in a precautionary approach low levels of release to water and air have been assumed for the purpose of evaluating exposure to man via the environment in the CSR. The local releases to the environment assumed for the purpose of this assessment are reported in the following table.

Table 4. Local releases to the environment





Release Release factor estimation method

Explanation / Justification

Water Release factor Initial release factor: 0.001% Final release factor: 0.001% Local release rate: 1.667E-6 kg/day

Air Release factor Initial release factor: 0.001% Final release factor: 0.001% Local release rate: 1.667E-6 kg/day

Soil Release factor Final release factor: 0%

9.1.1.3. Exposure and risks for the environment and man via the environment

The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table.

Table 5. Exposure concentrations and risks for the environment Protection target Exposure concentration Risk characterisation Man via Environment - Inhalation

Local PEC: 7.619E-11 mg/m³ RCR < 0.01

Man via Environment - Oral Exposure via food consumption: 1.057E-8 mg/kg bw/day

RCR < 0.01

Man via environment - combined routes

RCR < 0.01

Table 6. Contribution to oral intake for man via the environment from local contribution Type of food Estimated daily dose Concentration in food Drinking water 8.577E-11 mg/kg bw/day 3.002E-9 mg/L Fish 3.006E-9 mg/kg bw/day 1.83E-6 mg/kg ww Leaf crops 3.333E-9 mg/kg bw/day 1.944E-7 mg/kg ww Root crops 4.076E-9 mg/kg bw/day 7.43E-7 mg/kg ww Meat 4.145E-11 mg/kg bw/day 9.64E-9 mg/kg ww Milk 2.443E-11 mg/kg bw/day 3.048E-9 mg/kg ww

Conclusion on risk characterisation

Risk to the environment is not relevant for this application. In any event, there is no release of DBP to the environment; low levels of release to water and air have been assumed for the purpose of evaluating exposure to man via the environment in the CSR in a precautionary approach. Using this approach calculated RCRs show that the risk is controlled.

9.1.2. Worker contributing scenario 1: Transfer of substance or preparation into small containers (dedicated filling line, including weighing) (PROC 9)

9.1.2.1. Conditions of use

Collect 5 litres of DBP from dark cupboard in cell 20, decant into 500 ml squeeze bottle. Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: Substance as such External Tool (Extended

TRA) Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 15 minutes External Tool (Extended





Method TRA)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure External Tool (Extended

TRA) • Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced External Tool (Extended

TRA) • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour) External Tool (Extended

TRA) • Local exhaust ventilation: Fume Cupboard [Effectiveness Inhal: 97%] External Tool (Extended

TRA) Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Respiratory Protection: No [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] External Tool (Extended

TRA) • Dermal protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Dermal: 99%]

External Tool (Extended TRA)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2) External Tool (Extended

TRA) • Place of use: Indoor External Tool (Extended

TRA) • Process temperature (for liquid): <= 40 °C External Tool (Extended

TRA)

9.1.2.2. Exposure and risks for workers


Table 7. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of effects

Exposure concentration Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term 0.003 mg/m³ (External Tool (Extended TRA))

RCR = 0.027

Dermal, systemic, long-term 0.069 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (Extended TRA))

RCR = 0.361

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.388


Risk of workers is adequately controlled.



Weigh out into a 2.5 litre container. Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: 1-5% External Tool (Extended





Method TRA)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 15 minutes External Tool (Extended

TRA) Technical and organisational conditions and measures • Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure External Tool (Extended










TRA)





Inhalation, systemic, long-term 6.9E-4 mg/m³ (External Tool (Extended TRA))

RCR < 0.01


RCR = 0.072


RCR = 0.078



9.1.4. Worker contributing scenario 3: Mixing or blending in batch processes for formulation of preparations and articles (multistage and/or significant contact) (PROC 5)


Air mix for 10 minutes in a fume cupboard.





Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: 1-5% External Tool (Extended

TRA) Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 15 minutes External Tool (Extended

TRA) Technical and organisational conditions and measures • Containment: No External Tool (Extended










TRA)






RCR < 0.01


RCR = 0.144


RCR = 0.15

9.1.5. Worker contributing scenario 4: Transfer of substance or preparation (charging/discharging) from/to vessels/large containers at dedicated facilities (PROC 8b)


Worker loads DBP & the other propellant ingredients into the mixer.





Method Product (article) characteristics Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.15%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of 7)






TRA) • Local exhaust ventilation: yes [Effectiveness Inhal: 95%] External Tool (Extended




Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands (960 cm2) External Tool (Extended



TRA)






RCR < 0.01


RCR < 0.01


RCR = 0.012



9.1.6. Worker contributing scenario 5: Use in batch and other process (synthesis) where opportunity for exposure arises (PROC 4)






The mixer is stopped and acetone added to the formulation. The mixer is then run for a second period. Other than when adding the acetone, all operations are carried out remotely. Method Product (article) characteristics Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.15%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of 7)


• Solid in solid mixtures: Yes External Tool (Extended TRA)

• Dustiness of material: Low External Tool (Extended TRA)





TRA) • Local exhaust ventilation - inhalation: yes [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%] External Tool (Extended






TRA)





Inhalation, systemic, long-term 5E-5 mg/m³ (External Tool (Extended TRA))

RCR < 0.01

Dermal, systemic, long-term 6.86E-4 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (Extended TRA))

RCR < 0.01


RCR < 0.01









Run the mixing machine automatically for a set time. Then stop the mixing machine. Method Product (article) characteristics Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.15%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of 7)














TRA)





Inhalation, systemic, long-term 5E-5 mg/m³ (External Tool (Extended RCR < 0.01





Route of exposure and type of effects


TRA)) Dermal, systemic, long-term 6.86E-4 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool

(Extended TRA)) RCR < 0.01


RCR < 0.01



9.1.8. Worker contributing scenario 7: Transfer of substance or preparation (charging/discharging) from/to vessels/large containers at dedicated facilities. (PROC 8b)


Worker unloads the propellant from the mixing machine into small containers. Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.15%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of 7)




Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 1 hour External Tool (Extended














Method TRA)






RCR < 0.01


RCR < 0.01


RCR < 0.01



9.1.9. Worker contributing scenario 8: Production of preparations or articles by tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelettisation (PROC 14)


Worker loads the dedicated press. The propellant cords are extruded from the press in an automatic process; the worker is present in a separate room for the duration of the press operation. Method Product (article) characteristics Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.15%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of 7)




Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 4 hours External Tool (Extended





TRA)





Method • Dermal protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Dermal: 99%]




TRA)






RCR < 0.01


RCR < 0.01


RCR < 0.01



9.1.10. Worker contributing scenario 9: Production of preparations or articles by tabletting, compression, extrusion, pelletisation (PROC 14)


The extruded cord is manually transferred to the cutter machine. The granules are collected in trays. Method Product (article) characteristics Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.15%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of 7)







TRA)





Method • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour) External Tool (Extended






TRA)






RCR < 0.01


RCR < 0.01


RCR = 0.009





The granules are dried at ambient temperature, placed into a stove. They are steeped in water for a controlled time & temperature, and finally placed into a stove for a further set period. Method Product (article) characteristics Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.15%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of 7)




Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 1 hour External Tool (Extended





Method TRA)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure External Tool (Extended








TRA)






RCR < 0.01


RCR < 0.01


RCR = 0.013



9.1.12. Worker contributing scenario 11: Low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials and/or articles (PROC 21)


The granules are mixed in a graphite powder. The granules are then passed through a sieve and boxed, and send to the magazine for storage. Method Product (article) characteristics Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.15%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of 7)






Method • Solid in solid mixtures: Yes External Tool (Extended

TRA) • Dustiness of material: Low External Tool (Extended

TRA) Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 4 hours External Tool (Extended

TRA) Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour) TRA Worker v3 • Containment: No TRA Worker v3 • Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] TRA Worker v3 • Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced External Tool (Extended




Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor TRA Worker v3 • Process temperature (for solid): Ambient TRA Worker v3 • Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands and forearms (1980 cm2) External Tool (Extended

TRA)






RCR = 0.046


RCR < 0.01


RCR = 0.049





The propellant granules are placed into a stove for a set period & time. The granules are then placed into containers. Method





Method Product (article) characteristics Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.15%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of 7)













TRA)






RCR = 0.023


RCR < 0.01


RCR = 0.027









The propellant mould is manually filled with the propellant powder (granules). Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.15%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of 7)


• Dustiness of material: Low TRA Worker v3 • Solid in solid mixtures: Yes TRA Worker v3 Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 4 hours Exposure assessment assumes daily activity. However, task is carried out only 2 day/week.

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour) TRA Worker v3 • Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure TRA Worker v3 • Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] TRA Worker v3 • Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced TRA Worker v3 • Containment: No External Tool (Extended


TRA) Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Respiratory Protection: No [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] TRA Worker v3 • Dermal protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Dermal: 99%]


Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor TRA Worker v3 • Process temperature (for solid): Ambient TRA Worker v3 • Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2) External Tool (Extended

TRA)





Inhalation, systemic, long-term 6E-4 mg/m³ (TRA Worker v3) RCR < 0.01 Dermal, systemic, long-term 6.86E-4 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool



RCR = 0.008







9.1.15. Worker contributing scenario 14: Transfer of substance or preparation (charging/discharging) from/to vessels/large containers at dedicated facilities (PROC 8b)


The casting liquid is added to the granules in specialist tooling to cast the charge. Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.1%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of >10)


• Dustiness of material: Low TRA Worker v3 • Solid in solid mixtures: Yes TRA Worker v3 Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 1 hour Exposure assessment assumes daily activity. However, task is carried out only 2 day/week.

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour) TRA Worker v3 • Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure TRA Worker v3 • Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] TRA Worker v3 • Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced TRA Worker v3 Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Respiratory Protection: No [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] TRA Worker v3 • Dermal protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Dermal: 99%]


Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor TRA Worker v3 • Process temperature (for solid): Ambient TRA Worker v3 • Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands (960 cm2) External Tool (Extended

TRA)





Inhalation, systemic, long-term 2E-4 mg/m³ (TRA Worker v3) RCR < 0.01 Dermal, systemic, long-term 0.001 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool



RCR = 0.009







9.1.16. Worker contributing scenario 15: Use in closed batch process (synthesis or formulation) (PROC 3)


Curing takes place at a set time and temperature under a pre-set pressure. Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.1%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of >10)


• Dustiness of material: Low TRA Worker v3 • Solid in solid mixtures: Yes TRA Worker v3 Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 1 hour Exposure assessment assumes daily activity. However, task is carried out only 2 day/week.

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour) TRA Worker v3 • Containment: Closed batch process with occasional controlled exposure TRA Worker v3 • Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] TRA Worker v3 • Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced TRA Worker v3 Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Respiratory Protection: No [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] TRA Worker v3 • Dermal protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Dermal: 99%]


Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor TRA Worker v3 • Process temperature (for solid): Ambient TRA Worker v3 • Skin surface potentially exposed: One hand face only (240 cm2) TRA Worker v3





Inhalation, systemic, long-term 2E-4 mg/m³ (TRA Worker v3) RCR < 0.01 Dermal, systemic, long-term 6.86E-5 mg/kg bw/day (TRA Worker v3) RCR < 0.01 Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.002









Disassemble, trim, inspect. Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.1%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of >10)



TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour) TRA Worker v3 • Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure TRA Worker v3 • Local exhaust ventilation: yes [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%] TRA Worker v3 • Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced TRA Worker v3 Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Respiratory Protection: No [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] TRA Worker v3 • Dermal protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Dermal: 99%]



TRA)








RCR = 0.006









Clean equipment. Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.1%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of >10)



TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour) TRA Worker v3 • Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure TRA Worker v3 • Local exhaust ventilation: yes [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%] TRA Worker v3 • Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced TRA Worker v3 Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Respiratory Protection: No [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] TRA Worker v3 • Dermal protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Dermal: 99%]



TRA)








RCR = 0.006







9.1.19. Worker contributing scenario 18: Use in closed, continuous process with occasional controlled exposure (e.g. sampling) (PROC 2)


Ambient rest. Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.1%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of >10)


• Dustiness of material: Low TRA Worker v3 • Solid in solid mixtures: Yes TRA Worker v3 Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 15 minutes Exposure assessment assumes daily activity. However, task is carried out only once a week.

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour) TRA Worker v3 • Containment: Closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure TRA Worker v3 • Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] TRA Worker v3 • Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced TRA Worker v3 Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: No [Effectiveness Dermal: 0%] TRA Worker v3 • Respiratory Protection: No [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] TRA Worker v3 Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor TRA Worker v3 • Process temperature (for solid): Ambient TRA Worker v3 • Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2) TRA Worker v3





Inhalation, systemic, long-term 1E-5 mg/m³ (TRA Worker v3) RCR < 0.01 Dermal, systemic, long-term 0.001 mg/kg bw/day (TRA Worker v3) RCR < 0.01 Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.007



9.1.20. Worker contributing scenario 19: High (mechanical) energy work-up of





substances bound in materials and/or articles (PROC 24) The block of cured propellant is taken out of mould and transferred to a band saw where it is sawn (rough cutting) into smaller pieces. The operator sets the position of the propellant block on the band saw and leaves the room while cutting takes place. The operator re-enters the room to re-set the position of the propellant block on the band saw for the next cut. Water is added during this process to remove swarf. The exposure assessment was conducted with the Advanced REACH Tool (ART 1.5), considering two different process sub-scenarios, the cutting process and the movement process, with a joint exposure estimate.

9.1.20.1.1. Conditions of use

Cut up block - cutting Method Product (article) characteristics • Product type: Solid objects External Tool (ART 1.5) • Concentration in product: <= 0.15 % External Tool (ART 1.5) • Moisture content: Dry solid object (<5 % moisture content) External Tool (ART 1.5) • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Dermal: 99%] (For dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture can be applied rather than resorting to bands (ECETOC (2009) TR. 107))


Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: <= 90 minutes External Tool (ART 1.5) Technical and organisational conditions and measures • Containment: No External Tool (Extended


TRA) • Emission source: Far field (more than 1m distance from worker's breathing zone) External Tool (ART 1.5) • Activity class: Fracturing and abrasion of solid objects External Tool (ART 1.5) • Activity situation: Mechanical treatment / abrasion of large surfaces External Tool (ART 1.5) • Containment: No External Tool (ART 1.5) • General control measures: Suppression techniques External Tool (ART 1.5) • Type of suppression: Wetting at point of release External Tool (ART 1.5) • Secondary localised controls: No secondary localised controls External Tool (ART 1.5) • Segregation: No segregation External Tool (ART 1.5) • Personal enclosure: Complete personal enclosure without ventilation External Tool (ART 1.5) • Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced External Tool (ART 1.5) • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour) External Tool (ART 1.5) Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Dermal: 97%]


Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Skin surface potentially exposed: One hand face only (240 cm2) External Tool (Extended

TRA) • Place of use: Indoor External Tool (ART 1.5) • Volume of working room: < 100 m3 External Tool (ART 1.5)

9.1.20.1.2. Conditions of use





Cut up block - movement Method Product (article) characteristics

• Product type: Powders, granules or pelletised material External Tool (ART 1.5) • Concentration in product: <= 0.15 % External Tool (ART 1.5) • Moisture content: Dry solid object (<5 % moisture content) External Tool (ART 1.5) • Dustiness of material: Low External Tool (ART 1.5) • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Dermal: 99%] (For dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture can be applied rather than resorting to bands (ECETOC (2009) TR. 107))


Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: <= 90 minutes External Tool (ART 1.5) Technical and organisational conditions and measures • Containment: No External Tool (Extended


TRA) • Emission source: Near field (less than 1m distance from worker's breathing zone) External Tool (ART 1.5) • Containment: No External Tool (ART 1.5) • Activity class: Handling of contaminated solid objects or paste External Tool (ART 1.5) • Level of contamination: Limited External Tool (ART 1.5) • Way of handling: Careful External Tool (ART 1.5) • General control measures: Suppression techniques External Tool (ART 1.5) • Type of suppression: Wetting at point of release External Tool (ART 1.5) • Secondary localised controls: No secondary localised controls External Tool (ART 1.5) • Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced External Tool (ART 1.5) • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour) External Tool (ART 1.5) Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Dermal: 97%]



TRA) • Place of use: Indoor External Tool (ART 1.5) • Volume of working room: < 100 m3 External Tool (ART 1.5)





Inhalation, systemic, long-term 0.009 mg/m³ (External Tool (ART 1.5)) RCR = 0.07 Dermal, systemic, long-term 8.49E-4 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool









RCR = 0.074

Remarks on exposure data

External Tool (ART 1.5)

• Inhalation, systemic, long-term: 75% percentile value



9.1.21. Worker contributing scenario 20: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles (PROC 24)


Machining of cast propellant to achieve precise shape of charge. Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.1%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of >10)



• Dustiness of material: Low External Tool (ART 1.5) Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours External Tool (Extended








Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands and forearms (1980 cm2) External Tool (Extended






Method TRA)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient External Tool (Extended TRA)






RCR = 0.154


RCR < 0.01


RCR = 0.158





The charge is inhibited with a polymer & the polymer is cured. A centre hole is drilled in the propellant & the inhibition is trimmed. Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.1%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of > 10)













Method TRA)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Respiratory Protection: No [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] External Tool (Extended





TRA) • Process temperature (for solid): Ambient External Tool (Extended

TRA)






RCR < 0.01


RCR < 0.01


RCR < 0.01



9.1.23. Worker contributing scenario 22: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles (PROC 24)


Machining of charge to obtain final product. Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.1%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of >10)









Method TRA)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • Containment: No External Tool (Extended







Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands and forearms (1980 cm2) External Tool (Extended



TRA)






RCR = 0.154


RCR < 0.01


RCR = 0.155





Non destructive testing. Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: External Tool (Extended





Method 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.1%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of >10)

TRA)







TRA) • Local exhaust ventilation - inhalation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] External Tool (Extended







TRA)






RCR = 0.077


RCR < 0.01


RCR = 0.078







9.1.25. Worker contributing scenario 24: Roller application or brushing (PROC 10)


An ignition aid is applied. Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.1%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of >10)








TRA) • Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] External Tool (Extended







TRA)






RCR = 0.038

Dermal, systemic, long-term 0.003 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool RCR = 0.014







(Extended TRA)) Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.053





Finish and pack Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: <1% [Effectiveness Inhalation/Dermal: 99%] (Concentration of substance is < 0.1%. For inhalation and dermal exposure correction on the basis of actual (typical high‐end) percentage in the mixture has been applied including a safety factor of >10)



• Dustiness of material: Low TRA Worker v3 Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours External Tool (Extended

TRA) Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour) TRA Worker v3 • Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] TRA Worker v3 • Containment: No External Tool (Extended


TRA) Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Respiratory Protection: No [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%] TRA Worker v3 • Dermal protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Dermal: 99%]


Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor TRA Worker v3 • Process temperature (for solid): Ambient TRA Worker v3 • Skin surface potentially exposed: One hand face only (240 cm2) External Tool (Extended

TRA)



Table 31. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers







Inhalation, systemic, long-term 0.01 mg/m³ (TRA Worker v3) RCR = 0.077 Dermal, systemic, long-term 2.83E-4 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool



RCR = 0.078



9.1.27 Further life-cycle of the finished charge

The finished charge is normally contained in a casing or rubber pot, so that dermal contact of workers associated with handling and assembly of the charge in subsequent life cycle stages is minimal, if any. Exposure through inhalation can also be considered de minimus, due to the low concentrations of DBP in the charge and the limited handling time during assembly.

The finished charge is enclosed in the final rocket or missile assembly, so that dermal contact of workers is minimal, if any. Exposure through inhalation can also be considered to be de minimus.

The DBP will be completely combusted when the rocket or missile is deployed. No worker exposure will occur.

In the event that the rocket or missile is not deployed, the rocket or missile will be decommissioned or detonated under controlled conditions. The propellant is fully combusted under controlled conditions. No worker exposure will occur.

Exposure concentrations are qualitatively assessed to be de minimus with reference to available information. The risk characterisation ratios (RCR) will be substantially lower than those conservatively estimated for other tasks in the production of the propellant and charge, as reported in this document.

public information on exposure scenarios

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