public disclosure authorized the f111 · the world bank f111 for official use only report no....

Document of

The World Bank F111FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Report No. P-2601-TO

REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION

OF THE

PRESIDENT OF THE

INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

TO THE

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

ON A

PROJECT PREPARATION CREDIT

TO

BANQUE OUEST AFRICAINE DE DEVELOPPEMENT (BOAD)

December 5, 1979

Tbis document has a restleted distibution and may be used by relpients only In the perfonance oftheir ofcial duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bnk authorization.

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CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

US$1 = CFA 220

ABBREVIATIONS

BADEA - Banque Arabe pour le Developpement Economiquede l'Afrique

BCEAO - Banque Centrale des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest

BOAD - Banque Ouest Africaine de Developpement

CEAO - Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest

DEG - Deutsche Entwicklungs Gesellachaft

ECOWAS - Economic Community of West African States

UMOA - Union Monetaire Ouest Africaine

FISCAL YEAR

October 1 - September 30

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

BANQUE OUEST AFRICAINE DE DEVELOPPEMENT (BOAD)

Project Preparation Credit

Borrower: Banque Ouest Africaine de Developpement

Amount: US$3.0 million

Terms: Standard IDA

ProjectDescription: The proposed project would finance feasibility and

detailed engineering studies by external consultantsof regional development projects in BOAD's pipeline,which have a priori a high probability of success.Projects prepared would be in all three of BOAD'smajor sectors of intervention, agriculture, infra-

structure and industry. The cost of studiesfinanced out of the credit and which lead to a loanby BOAD would be reimbursed to BOAD by ultimateborrowers implementing successful regional projects.Benefits would accrue to BOAD, which would have itspipeline of regional projects expanded, and to the

six constituent members of the West Africa MonetaryUnion (UMOA) and their neighbors, which would bethe beneficiaries of the regional projects. The

major risk of the project is that studies of proposedregional projects may conclude that particular proposalsare not feasible, in which case, BOAD would have torecover the costs from other operations. All UMOAmembers have expressed strong support for the concept ofregional projects and have endorsed fully BOAD's requestto IDA.

This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performanceof their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.

Estimated Costs 1/:Local Foreign Total

(US$ million)

Consultants 0.54 2.70 3.24

Price Contingencies 0.06 0.30 0.36

Total: 0.60 3.00 3.60

1/ There are no taxes involved in the project.

Financing Plan (US$ million)

IDA 3.0

BOAD 0.63.6

Estimated Disbursements(US$ million)

FY80 FY81 FY82 FY83

Annual 0.2 1.0 1.2 0.6

Cumulative 0.2 1.2 2.4 3.0

Project Completion Date: June 30, 1983

Staff Appraisal Report: There is no separate appraisal report.

INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION

REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION OF THE PRESIDENTTO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS ON APROPOSED CREDIT TO BANQUE OUEST

AFRICAINE DE DEVELOPPEMENT

1. I submit the following report and recommendation on a proposedDevelopment Credit to Banque Ouest Africaine de Developpement (BOAD) for theequivalent of $3.0 million. Proceeds of the credit, except for $100,000 oftechnical assistance to BOAD, would be used to carry out feasibility andengineering studies of selected regional projects in West Africa. The creditwould be made available to BOAD on standard IDA terms and conditions. Fundsused by BOAD to carry out project preparation studies would be on its ownaccount. In financing a resulting regional project, the funds disbursed forthe relevant studies would be converted to a loan and onlent to borrowers at8%. If no such project emerges, BOAD would bear the loss.

PART I. ECONOMIC AND INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT

A. The Region

2. Introduction. The Banque Ouest Africaine de Developpement (BOAD),the subject of this report, was established in 1973 by the Union MonetaireOuest Africaine (UMOA) to further national development objectives of its sixmember states and strengthen ties among them. The UMOA is one of themost effective and long standing (20 years) regional institutions in WestAfrica. It is a union of six francophone states, Benin, Ivory Coast, Niger,Senegal, Togo and Upper Volta. Members of the Union share a common CentralBank, Banque Centrale des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (BCEAO), currency (CFAfranc), interest rate policy, and monetary policy.

3. UMOA Members. 1/ The six members of the Union comprise a totalpopulation of 28.5 million, of which 7.0 million are in Ivory Coast, the mostpopulous, and 2.3 million in Togo, the least populated. Three of the sixcountries, Benin, Niger and Upper Volta, are among the least developed coun-tries in the world with 1976 per capita incomes of $180, $150 and $100respectively. Togo, with a per capita income of $270, is also quite poor,while Senegal ($410) and Ivory Coast ($650) are somewhat better off. More-over, after accounting for population growth, only two of the six countries(Togo and Ivory Coast) have had significant real per capita growth over theyears since independence. Two others (Niger and Senegal) have actually fallenbehind over the fifteen-year period, although in the case of Niger, this haschanged dramatically since 1977 as growth has been fueled by uranium exports.

1/ The latest Bank Economic Reports for the six countries are: Togo,Report No. 458a-TO (December 30, 1974); Ivory Coast, Report No. 1147b-IVC(May, 1977); Benin, Report No. 2079-BEN (May 31, 1979); Senegal, Report

No. 212-SE (September 30, 1973); Niger, Report No. 1109a-NIR (May13, 1976) and Upper Volta, Report No. 2146-UV (February 28, 1979).Subsequent reports have been submitted to the Governments of Togo(FY78), Ivory Coast (FY79), Senegal (FY79) and Niger (FY79) and theresults of economic missions which visited each of these countries inthe past fiscal year have been incorporated in President's Reports.

Table 1.1: UMOA Members 1/

Growth(1960-76) Per Capita

Country Population GNP Per Capita Pop. Growth (1960-76)(millions) (US$ billions) (US % %

Benin 3.2 0.6 180 2.8 0.0Ivory Coast 7.0 4.6 650 3.8 3.3Niger 4.7 0.7 150 2.7 (1.6)Senegal 5.1 2.1 410 2.7 (0.4)Togo 2.3 0.6 270 2.7 4.1Upper Volta 6.2 0.7 100 2.2 0.6

28.5 9.2

1/ Source: 1978 World Bank Atlas.

From the standpoint of the World Bank Group, four UMOA countries are IDAcountries (Benin, Niger, Togo and Upper Volta), one is a blend (Senegal)and Ivory Coast is Bank eligible.

B. The Economy

4. All six members of UMOA gained independence from France in 1960 and1961. Since that time average annual growth in GDP has been most rapid inIvory Coast (7.1% per annum from 1960 to 1976). Respective rates of growthfor the other countries are 2.8% (Benin), -1.1% (Niger), 2.3% (Senegal), 6.8%(Togo) and 2.8% (Upper Volta). All six countries rely heavily on agriculturefor both domestic production and export earnings. Even in the most indus-trialized members of the union, industry (including construction) representsno more than 25% of GDP. Except for phosphate exports from Senegal and Togoand uranium in Niger, at present mineral production among UMOA members islimited. Nevertheless, petroleum is potentially important, and output ofminerals among UMOA members could play a more central role in the future.

Table 1.2: Structure of Production% of GDP

Benin Ivory Coast Niger Togo Senegal Upper Volta1960 1976 1960 1976 1960 1976 1960 1976 1960 1976 1960 1976

Agriculture - 39 43 25 66 47 55 27 30 28 55 34

Industry - 20 14 20 10 24 16 27 20 24 13 19

Services - 41 43 55 24 29 29 46 50 48 32 47

- 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

- 3 -

5. Agricultural Sector. Climate among UMOA members varies from tropical

to upland savanna and Sahelian. Desert and semi-arid conditions are especially

prevalent in Senegal, Upper Volta and Niger, three countries which suffered

extensively from the Sahelian drought of 1973-1975. Ivory Coast is the one

member which has benefited from extensive agricultural land suitable for

export production (palm oil, coffee, cocoa, pineapples), and Sene_.l and Niger

are exporters of groundnuts. Benin and Togo export some palm oil as well. On

the whole, however, agricultural production in the union is largely subsistance

farming, with an emphasis on livestock raising in the northern tier. The six

countries represent, nevertheless, an important proportion of all agricultural

exports from West Africa, 91% of coffee, 72% of timber production, 71% of

peanut exports and 54% of cotton output. For palm oil, cocoa and rice, output

in the UMOA represents between 20% and 30% of regional production. Although

plantation agriculture has been to an extent developed in Ivory Coast, vir-

tually all investment in the sector on a regional basis has been directed to

small holders, rural development efforts or rural infrastructure (feeder

roads, irrigation works, etc.). Little has so far been done in the way of

concrete regional agriculture projects, although more could be done to

develop transnational river basins, as well as to provide on a regional basis

high demand agricultural inputs such as vaccines, farming equipment and

pumps.

6. Industrial Sector. Narrow national markets and low amounts of

disposable income have been particular constraints to industrial investment in

the UMOA. In countries such as Upper Volta, Niger and Benin, the number of

modern sector industrial firms is small, and even in other states with larger

modern sectors much of industrial employment flows from small scale firms and

artisans. Public intervention in the industrial sector has been relatively

restrained, although in all cases larger undertakings normally include signifi-

cant public participation and in the case of Senegal, the Government has

played a particularly aggressive role as promoter. To date the emphasis in all

countries has been on import substitution activities, although there has been

some export oriented investment in Ivory Coast and Senegal. Increasingly,

private foreign and local investors have sought to produce for a wider regional

market (textiles, soaps, rubber products, for example), and public authoritieshave supported one large regional cement plant (CIMAO) for which the IBRD has

also loaned funds. This tendency in the industrial sector reflects attempts

of enterprises in UMOA countries to reach markets not only within the union

but in neighboring non-member countries. Much more could be done, however, in

the way of developing concrete, bankable proposals to promote regional

projects which would link production and processing of available raw materials

for export (e.g., timber, hides, cotton, etc.). In addition, the small size

of many national markets has led businessmen to overlook remaining import

substitution ideas which, although unfeasible on a national basis, are viable

on a regional basis.

7. Transport Sector. Transportation grids inherited from the colonial

past concentrate on penetration of the interior with very little in the way of

lateral connections. As a result, interior Sahelian states (Mali, Upper Volta

and Niger) are, except for relatively infrequent air service, effectively

linked to the world through the ports of Senegal, Ivory Coast, Benin, Nigeria

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and Togo. A benefit of this has been the joint management and ownership ofthe railroads of the Ivory Coast and Upper Volta, Benin and Niger and theregional airline (Air Afrique), as well as joint administration of coastalports. Up till now, based on rather limited lateral trade among UMOA members,development of the highway network has been concentrated on access routes to

the sea. With the growth in regional development, however, new and reinforcedlinks will be necessary to facilitate exchanges among countries. Not only dosuch ties have to be estabLished among UMOA members, but with neighboringAnglophone states as well.

8. Telecommunications. UMOA states are members of Panaftel, an Africantelecommunication union. Ties among UMOA members and Mauritania and Mali (twonon-members) are particularly close and national telecommunications developmentplans are integrated. As a result, among these eight countries internationalconnections have expanded in step with national networks, and, as in the caseof road, air and rail transport, a firm basis for regional integration exists.Despite these efforts inadequate telephone and telegraph service is a seriousproblem for UMOA countries. Domestic links are overburdened and internationalconnections with neighboring states are at a very early stage of development.

C. Public Finance

9. The current financial situation of UMOA members varies considerably

from one state to another. It is the most difficult in Senegal, Togo andUpper Volta and relatively less constrained in Ivory Coast, Benin and Niger.In Senegal and Togo the short- to medium-term outlook concerning domestic and

external finance is especially difficult. In the case of Togo, traditionallyprudent financial policies deteriorated seriously in 1976 and 1977 when publicexpenditures rose quickly to 34% of GDP. Financing these expenditures resultedin a rapid upsurge in public debt from $120 million at the end of 1973 to $680million at the end of 1977. Substantial arrears to domestic and foreigncreditors arose and amounted to about $100 million at the end of 1978. Inview of this difficult situation, Togo has succeeded in negotiating relief ofcertain external private debt and an IMF Standby arrangement. The performancecriteria related to this, call for an important reduction of current and capitalspending as well as reduction of extra-budget expenditures.

10. The situation in Senegal stems from both exogenous and endogenouspressures. Pressure on the budget and balance of payments grew rapidly inthe mid-seventies when revenue from Senegal's two major exports, phosphateand groundnuts, dropped while capital investment accelerated. This invest-ment program was financed with heavy commercial borrowings amounting toabout $320 million in 1977 and 1978. Although the Senegalese authoritieshave responded to this with flexibility the immediate future will be difficult,necessitating postponement of a number of previously planned projects inorder to keep the budget deficit down and to avoid further increases in ex-ternal debt. Fortunately, Senegal's membership in the UMOA, with its accessto community held reserves, provides the Government with a certain amount ofbreathing room, but an improvement in public savings is of vital importance.

- 5 -

11. The mid-1970's were also difficult years for Upper Volta owing to theimpact of drought and a border conflict with Mali. For the first time in eightyears both the budget and balance of payments were in deficit in 1975. More-over, owing largely to continued high levels of domestic investment thesedeficits continued through 1978. Nevertheless, given Upper Volta's generallysuccessful financial management prior to these developments and recentlyimplemented measures to increase revenues it is expected that current deficitsmay soon be reduced.

12. Ivory Coast has followed generally sound financial policies, andhas been able to sustain a high level of domestic investment owing to revenuefrom traditional agricultural exports (especially cocoa and coffee). Never-theless, despite high world prices for cocoa and coffee during 1976 and 1977,domestic investment increased substantially resulting in a sharp increases incommercial debt ($3.6 billion at the end of 1977). In response to this theGovernment of Ivory Coast reduced significantly external borrowings during1978 and has decided to put off implementation of some previously planned,capital intensive projects. In 1978 external borrowings were reduced by halfand the public investment program will be closely tied to available publicsavings plus official development assistance. Prospects remain favorable.

13. In Benin there has been a significant improvement in the Government'scurrent financial situation over the past decade. Chronic deficits have beeneliminated and public investment has been increased. Assuming the Governmentcontinues its orthodox financial policies, the situation should remain satis-factory, permitting some badly needed increases in recurrent expenditures aswell as larger contributions to the investment program. The balance of pay-ments is expected to remain in equilibrium and total external debt shouldremain at manageable levels.

14. In the case of Niger, a combination of austere budgets and risingrevenue (largely from uranium sales) have generated substantial current bud-get surpluses ($53 million in 1978). Capital development expenditures haveremained strong, financed by the budget surplus and an inflow of foreignassistance. Over the near term, both the budget and balance of payments areexpected to improve further as the result of uranium exports, and of a poten-tial recovery of agricultural exports.

D. Union Monetaire Ouest Africaine (UMOA)

15. Background. The UMOA is the oldest regional organization in WestAfrica. It was founded in 1962 as a successor to the colonial monetarysystem of French West Africa. Through the Central Bank of the Union, theBCEAO, a common currency, the CFA is issued and national monetary and creditpolicies are aligned. Ivory Coast, Dahomey (Benin), Upper Volta, Mali,Mauritania, Niger, Senegal and France signed the treaty establishing UMOAin 1962. Togo formally joined the community in 1963. Mali, although remain-ing part of the franc zone, did not, however, ratify the treaty and Mauritaniawithdrew. Mali, recognizing the important benefits of membership, has madeapproaches to the UMOA to explore membership. Cooperation in monetary affairs

-6 -

has been the key to the UMOA's cohesiveness. The benefits include free

convertibility of the CFA franc, unhindered movement of capital within the

UMOA, pooled reserves and a consistent interest rate regime among countries.

Moreover, over the twenty years of its existence the UMOA has been instru-

mental in promoting community-wide monetary policies which have helped to

restrain inflation. Based on this, the UMOA established in 1973, a regional

development bank, BOAD, the subject of this report. The rationale underlying

the creation of BOAD is to build on the commonality of interests of the UMOA

to meet regional development objectives and to stimulate the flow of resources

for projects in addition to those being undertaken by national authorities.

BOAD's operations are designed to complement existing national development

efforts of its member states in two ways: (1) by channeling additional

domestic and foreign resources to the least favored members of the union; and

(2) by promoting and financing regional projects. Moreover, as a development

bank of the West Africa Monetary Union, BOAD benefits from its capacity to

mobilize a part of BCEAO profits for investment in development projects.

16. Institutional Structure. The conference of Chiefs of States is

the supreme authority of the UMOA, although most operational decisions are

taken by the Council of Ministers which meets quarterly. It is this latter

body which decides on monetary and credit policy, modifies the statutes and

creates subsidiary institutions of the community. Its decisions apply to

both BCEAO and BOAD. The BCEAO is administered by a Governor and a Board

of Directors representing each member State and France. Each State has its

own national credit committee to form the link between BCEAO as a regionalbody and national political authorities, to present to BCEAO proposed national

credit requirements, and to ensure that BCEAO policies are implemented at the

national level. BOAD (see paragraphs 25 to 39) is administered by a President

appointed by the Council of Ministers of the UMOA; final decisions on policies

and loan approvals are taken by BOAD's Board of Directors.

17. External Relations. External financial relations of the UMOA are

guaranteed through an accord with France which stipulates a fixed exchange

rate between the French franc and CFA franc, and free transfer of capital

between the UMOA and France. Global deficits, if any, are guaranteed (with-

out limit) through a special account by the French Treasury. Although indi-

vidual members of UMOA have from time to time run deficits of payments, the

account as a whole has never been in deficit and the French Treasury has not

had to intervene to support the CFAF.

18. Credit Policy. Control of credit on a national and union-wide

basis is implemented through the BCEAO rediscount system, although a reform of

operating guidelines in 1975 introduced a number of new aspects to its regula-

tion. Commercial and development banks are now treated equally, and annual

national rediscount ceilings are no longer made known publicly. Thus, although

BCEAO continues in principle to be prepared to rediscount all types of loans,

access to BCEAO's rediscount is not systematically assured. After excluding

agriculture marketing credits, a maximum of 35% of a bank's outstanding

portfolio may be rediscounted; development operations (long-term loans for

agricultural, industrial and infrastructural investment) of commercial and

development banks are given the highest priority call on these resources.

-7 -

This is a reflection of the Union's desire to use central bank resources more

intensively for developmentally important investments and less frequently for

consumption. BOAD itself is eligible to discount loans at BCEAO and expects

to begin doing so in 1981. This rediscount facility, plus the annual payments

made to BOAD out of BCEAO profits, ensure BOAD's role as an important institu-

tion for mobilizing domestic resources for development purposes.

19. Interest Rates. Interest rates in the Union are controlled by

BCEAO regulations. A preferential interest rate is applied on credits in

priority areas including loans to Government, small-scale enterprises 1/,

short-term agricultural borrowers, and low-cost private housing. For credits

in other areas, the "normal" rate applies. At present, the following interestrates are in effect in UMOA member states:

Table 1.3: Interest Rates

Type of Borrower Discount Rate (%) Allowable Spread Allowable FinalRate

PreferentialAgricultural 5.5 up to 2.0 5.5 - 7.5SSE 5.5 up to 3.0 5.5 - 8.5

Housing 5.5 up to 3.0 5.5 - 8.5Normal 8.0 up to 5.0 up to 13.0

These final rates apply whether the credit has been rediscounted at BCEAOor financed from other resources. Interest paid on deposits is also regu-

lated by BCEAO. At present, interest on small deposits (CFAF 2 million orless) ranges from 2.5% to 5.5% while interest paid on larger deposits canbe negotiated and currently is as high as 9.0%. Reflecting one of the strongbenefits of coordinated monetary policy, price increases have not historically

been a serious problem for UMOA members either individually, or as a group.Nevertheless, owing in large measure to external forces beyond the control ofthe UMOA and its member states, inflation accelerated in the early 70s (8%

annually from 1970-76 for the six). Prospects for the future on a community-wide basis are an average annual inflation rate for the next three years inthe range of 8%.

20. Other Regional Organizations. Among West African states there area number of regional organizations in addition to the UMOA. The oldest of

these is the Conseil de l'Entente, established in 1966 and comprising Benin,Ivory Coast, Niger, Togo and Upper Volta. The Conseil is basically a con-

sultative group which also acts as a conduit for bilateral funds and tech-

nical assistance to national agriculture and small scale enterprise projects.The second oldest union in West Africa is the Communaute Economique d'Afriquede l'Ouest (CEAO), a customs union including Ivory Coast, Mali, Mauritania,

Niger, Senegal and Upper Volta. In order to ensure that benefits of thecustom's union flow to all members, especially the least industrializedones (Mali, Mauritania, Niger and Upper Volta) the CEAO has established a

fund (FOSIDEC) which will provide guarantees for development lenders (such

1/ Small-scale enterprises are defined by BCEAO to be locally-ownedenterprises with credit outstanding of CFAF 20 million or less.

-8-

as BOAD) for projects in these states. Finally, in 1976 all anglophone andfrancophone states of the region joined to establish as a free trade zone theEconomic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). Members are Benin, TheGambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania,Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo and Upper Volta. ECOWAS has beenless active than other organizations and a proposed ECOWAS bank has been slowto take off.

21. Prospects and Constraints. National development programs are, andwill continue to be, the focus of development efforts among UMOA members.Nevertheless, there is a growing awareness that a simple nationalist orienta-tion is insufficient to meet efficiently all the objectives of development.Within the UMOA context the benefits of coordinated monetary policy havefostered the desire for regional approaches to certain development investments.A political base for interstate cooperation has been established by numerousregional bodies, and in the case of the UMOA practical, demonstrable benefitsto cooperation have been proven. The next step is to move increasingly toregional development projects. BOAD is suited to do this. A constraint whichcould hinder this is the lack of clearly defined regional projects. Theproposed IDA credit for engineering and feasibility studies is designed tohelp BOAD overcome this latter constraint by developing a complete pipeline ofwell prepared regional projects.

PART II - BANK GROUP OPERATIONS IN THE UMOA

22. To date the Bank Group has extended a total of 127 credits andloans, including two blend operations and in addition 7 IFC operations; allamounting to US$1,136.1 million (of which US$496.5 million IDA, US$639.6million Bank and US$2.3 million IFC) to the members of the UMOA. Togo hasreceived a total of nine credits (US$73.9 million) and two loans (US$53.0million), both for the regional clinker project, CIMAO. Benin has receivednine IDA credits amounting to US$76.1 million. The most recent (US$19.3million for the Port of Cotonou) is a project with strong regional impact.Since 1968, thirty-seven operations (US$501.1 million, including US$14million from the Third Window and one IDA credit of US$7.5 million) have beenextended to the Ivory Coast. In addition, IFC has had two equity participa-tions in the Ivory Coast amounting to US$1.3 million. A third educationproject will be presented to the Executive Directors shortly. A 1978 loan toimprove a regional rail link, the Abidjan-Ouagadougou line (US$23.0 million)was granted to the Ivory Coast, in parallel with an IDA credit of US$5.2million to Upper Volta. The Bank Group has had forty operations in Senegal(US$238.4 million, including US$1.0 million IFC), including twenty IDAcredits, sixteen Bank loans, two blend and three IFC operations. Thislending has been largely in the agricultural sector, with supplementaryoperations in infrastructure and education. Upper Volta has received seven-teen IDA credits totalling US$94.6 million, largely in agriculture (sixprojects), with additional amounts for highways, education, small-scaleenterprises and urban development. Beginning with an IDA credit for roadconstruction in 1964, sixteen IDA credits including two supplementary creditshave been approved for Niger. The total amounts to US$100.0 million, andhas been heavily concentrated in transport and communications.

-9 -

23. The focus of Bank Group operations in UMOA countries has been

in the agricultural sector with a secondary emphasis on transportation,education and other infrastructure. Of the operations in Togo, those for

highway construction, maintenance and feeder roads have been important

together with agriculture and the CTI4AO project. The Benin credits were for

highways, education, agriculture and the port project. In Ivory Coast there

have been fourteen agriculture projects, six highway operations and the

remainder in education, water supply, urban development, telecommunications,

sewerage, tourism, development banking and a regional railway project. In

Senegal and Upper Volta rural development, irrigation and education have been

the highest priority with some subsidiary emphasis in infrastructure and urban

development. In Niger the past emphasis on transportation and communication

is shifting to a more concentrated approach on agriculture. Implementation

of projects has, of course, varied from country to country, but has been

reasonably satisfactory.

24. In the future agriculture will remain the area of concentration

for Bank Group lending in UMOA countries with a particular emphasis on rural

development operations designed to improve farm incomes and expand output by

small farmers. In this connection a larger emphasis will be placed on rural

development projects in all countries. Parallel support for feeder roads

and rural oriented education projects will also be emphasized. In infrastruc-

ture, lending will focus on highways, water supply and to some extent tele-

communications. Follow-up urban projects are foreseen for Upper Volta,

Senegal and Ivory Coast; industrial lending in all countries will continue to

be largely through development bank operations, with a strong emphasis on

lending for artisans, and small enterprises. The Bank Group also intends to

continue its direct support for projects (such as CIMAO) of regional import-

ance, and will seek to encourage the flow of additional concessional resources

from other sources to UMOA members.

PART III - THE INSTITUTION

25. Background. The idea of a regional development bank attached to the

UMOA was first broached in 1969. The original motivating force was to estab-

lish an investment arm of the UMOA which could channel profits of the BCEAO

into sound development investments and to mobilize external resources. Sub-

sequently, there was much discussion as to what form the fund should take and

what its precise objectives should be. During 1972 it was decided to establish

an autonomous and self-sustaining regional development bank, BOAD, which would

complement national development efforts by lending for projects to the poorest

UMOA members and for regional projects. At the end of 1973 the interstate

accord establishing BOAD as a financial institution of the UMOA was signed.

In 1975, a President was appointed and in 1976 a headquarters established in

Lome, Togo. Membership, which is open to non-UMOA states, includes France and

Germany as equity partners.

26. Objective. The purpose of BOAD is to promote the balanced develop-

ment of its member states and bring about regional integration, including

both member states and contiguous non-member states. It may do so by taking

- 10 -

equity participations, making loans, granting guarantees, subsidizinginterest and carrying out studies. BOAD may operate in any sector, exceptsocial infrastructure (education, health, housing, etc.) and real estate, ifprojects show adequate economic returns. BOAD has a special mandate topromote and finance innovative projects which, although economically viable,require extensive developmental efforts. Included in this category areregional undertakings, those relying on newer technologies (e.g., solar) andthose using intermediate technologies. BOAD also plays a role as apex lenderto national development banks for their small-scale enterprise projects.

27. Shareholders. BOAD was incorporated with a subscribed sharecapital of CFAF 3.4 billion, comprised of class A and class B shareholders.As of September 30, 1979, equity ownership of BOAD was as follows:

Table 3.1: Equity Ownership

Shareholder Amount _(CFAF million)

Class A

Benin 200 6Cote d'Ivoire 200 6Haute Volta 200 6Niger 200 6Senegal 200 6Togo 200 6BCEAO 1,200 35

Class B I/

France 500 14DEG 500 14

3,400 100

In May 1979, in order to avoid complex joint and several guarantees forseparate external borrowings, authorized share capital was increased toCFAF 34 billion, of which 10% is paid in now, an additional 10% will be paidin by December 1981 and the balance is in the form of a callable capital.Ownership proportions will remain the same. BOAD's Board consists of tworepresentatives of each member state, and one representative each of BCEAO,France and Germany. Board meetings are held as frequently as needed but atleast four times per year; decisions are taken by majority vote.

1/ Class B shareholders are restricted to a maximum of three votes inthe Board. Each member state has one vote, and the BCEAO has three.

28. Organization and Management. BOAD is organized in five departments:(1) studies and promotion; (2) operations; (3) development finance institu-tions; (4) administration and budget; and (5) finance and accounting. Com-puting activities and legal affairs form part of the president's office.Staff training is the responsibility of the Administrative Department. Pro-ject appraisal and supervision are carried out by the two project divisions;supervision takes place on a regular and adequate basis. Senior managementis competent and experienced. Among department chiefs two are expatriateand three come from UMOA member states. Of the two expatriates, one (studiesand promotion) will shortly leave. Internal control and communication areexcellent.

29. Staff. As of March 31, 1979, the total staff of BOAD amountedto 90, of which 53 are professionals, including 13 expatriates, from France,Germany, the US and the Netherlands. The African staff, who come fromeach state of the union, are of high quality, and BOAD has embarked onan ambitious program of recruitment and training of young professionals.Seventeen are currently undergoing training. Expatriate professionalsare financed from a number of multilateral and bilateral sources, includingUNDP, USAID, France, Germany and FED. One staff of the World Bank financedby UNDP under a Bank executed project is presently at BOAD; the othertwo UNDP-financed slots will be filled by non-Bank staff. Personnel projec-tions over the next six years (through 1984) show a marked decrease inexpatriate personnel from 12 to 4 and a progressive reduction (from 47%to 41%) of support personnel compared to operational personnel. Totalpersonnel at the end of 1984 would be 104 of which 64 would be professional.

30. Training. BOAD's training program comprises in-service trainingfor all staff and the external program for young professionals and otherselected staff. In 1979 three internal seminars are planned and externaltraining is underway in Dakar, Paris, and various branches of CreditAgricole in France. Training is taken seriously, professionally handledand carefully monitored. The training program itself, including the gradua-tion of young professionals, is carefully integrated with the reduction ofexpatriate assistance.

31. Procedures. BOAD's operating procedures are carefully laid outin a series of operating manuals and a reglement interieur. Included inthese guidelines are procedures for commitments and disbursements as wellas a summary of the project cycle. A supervision manual is currently underpreparation. The general policy statement is satisfactory. It specifiesamong other points that BOAD's concentration on the Union's least developedmembers will be reflected in financing a higher proportion of project costsin them and a greater emphasis on infrastructure and rural development opera-tions. Maximum proportion of project financing by BOAD by country and pro-ject is as follows:

- 12 -

Table 3.2: BOAD Proportion of Project Finance

Infrastructure & RuralCountry Development Industry

Ivory Coast, Senegal 70 40

Togo, Benin 80 50

Niger, Upper Volta 90 60

The maximum exposure in any one project for BOAD is 10% of its capital. The

limit for all equity participations is 25% of BOAD's paid in capital and,

for each equity participation, 25% of the equity of the firm or 5% of BOAD's

paid-in capital.

32. Procurement and Hiring of Consultants. BOAD's procedures for the

purchase of goods and services under its loans are satisfactory. Where

applicable competitive bidding for procurement among UMOA members, Germany,

France and Switzerland is practiced. It is BOAD's intention to encourage

procurement on a wider basis. Consultants to BOAD, which have up to the

present been used to help prepare projects, are chosen on the basis ofprevious experience and competence. In addition, BOAD as a normal policy

requests alternative proposals from different consultants on specific projects

before selecting the best candidate.

33. Interest Rate Policy. BOAD's current base interest rate is 9.5%.

Nevertheless, in lending for infrastructure and rural development projects

BOAD's base rate is customarily subsidized by BCEAO payments to BOAD to

result in a final rate of 7.1%. Rates on directly productive projects (e.g.

industry) are higher than the base rate, and are currently fixed at 11%. For

lines of credit to local development banks (exclusively for small scale

industry) the current lending rate is 7.1%. Interest rates below 9.5% are

subsidized by the internal subsidy fund which is in principle replenished each

year by member states out of BCEAO profits. The exact allocation of the

annual grants to various accounts is up to BOAD's President. In FY79 a total

grant of CFAF 840 million (US$3.8 million) was divided between the Interest

Subsidy Fund (CFAF 690 million) and the Project Study Fund (CFAF 150 million).

A commitment fee of 0.5% is also levied.

34. Operations. Approvals since 1976 amount to slightly over CFAF 13

billion (Annex 6). In 1976, the first year of operations, only two loans

were approved, the bulk of efforts being concentrated on development of

a project pipeline. Since then (i.e. through the end of September 1979),

BOAD approved 23 additional loans. Not surprisingly almost all of BOAD's

first approvals have been national projects, concentrated in the poorest

member states. BOAD's strategy was to try to demonstrate operational results

as soon as practicable and national projects were the quickest way to do

this.

- 13 -

Table 3.3: BOAD lending by Sector

Number of AmountSector Projects (CFA millions) %

Agriculture 2 1,247 9.3Industry 6 3,922 29.3Village Water 4 2,335 17.5Telecommunications 5 2,517 18.8Electricity 7 2,343 17.6Transport 1 1,000 7.5

25 13,364 100

Viewed by country of beneficiary, lending operations were as follows:

Table 3.3: BOAD lending by Sector

Number of AmountSector Projects (CFA millions) %

Benin 4 2,216 16.6Ivory Coast 3 2,370 17.8Upper Volta 6 2,421 18.1Niger 4 2,637 19.7Senegal 4 1,726 12.9Togo 3 994 7.4Regional 1 1.000 7.5

25 13,364 100

The three poorest countries (Benin, Niger and Upper Volta), comprising 50% ofthe population, received almost 55% of the amounts approved.

35. Equity Participation. During the same period BOAD approved equityparticipations in two firms, the Banque Togolaise de Developpement (BTD) inan amount of CFA 100 million and SINAES-Senegal -(Solar energy) for CFA 5 mil-lion. According to its charter BOAD may also provide funds to businessmen tobuy out foreign shareholders in local companies and provide guarantees toloans. BOAD does not intend to pursue either of these objectives for thepresent.

36. Studies. In addition to its lending operations BOAD has beenactively involved in financing studies of a large number of projects. Suchstudies are carried out either as part of BOAD's normal operating expenses,or by advances out of a special fund. Resources for this special fundare credited to it on an annual basis. Since 1976 the total amount creditedto the fund has beei ^FAF 300 million. Of this amount CFAF 240 million hasbeen committed for ongoing tdentification, feasibility and engineering studies.For studies which result in bankable projects, the cost of the study will beincluded as part of final proJe:t cost and BOAD will be repaid for the studyor1 Chei normal terms and conditions of the resulting loans.

- 14 -

37. Resources. BOAD's resources have come almost exclusively frommember states of the UMOA either directly through state equity participationsor indirectly through BCEAO. So far a total of CFAF 6.3 billion has beentransferred as a grant to BOAD from BCEAO out of BCEAO profits. Of thisan amount of CFAF 2.7 billion is available for studies of projects and interestsubsidization, and CFAF 0.6 billion to finance a headquarters building; thebalance is unallocated. As far as borrowed funds are concerned, BOAD hasreceived two loans from external sources. A 10 million Swiss franc loan anda DM 10 million loan from the DEG were signed in late 1978. Those two loanscarry interest rates of 2% and 7%, respectively, and amortization periods of12 and 16 years. In addition, a $15 million loan to BOAD from BADEA has beenappraised and should be negotiated shortly. Finally, beginning in 1981 BOADwill discount loans at BCEAO. Its resource position at March 31, 1979was as follows:

BOAD: Resource Position 1/(As at March 31, 1979)

CFAF MillionLocal Foreign Total

Paid in Capital 3,400 - 3,400Reserves, Grants and Retained Earnings 8,303 - 8,303

Subtotal 11,703 11,703

InvestmentsNet Fixed Assets 459 - 459Loans Outstanding 2,347 - 2,347Equity Investments 5 _ 5

Subtotal 2,811

Resource Surplus 8,892

Undisbursed Commitments 9,389

Covered by

Resource Surplus 8,892 - 8,892BCEAO Rediscount (Estimated) 3,000 - 3,000Other lines of credit - 4,200 4,200

16,092

Available for Commitment 6,703

1/ Excludes grants for building construction.

38. Financial Condition. BOAD's actual and projected financial situa-tion is presented in Annex 4. BOAD's balance sheet shows a solid companywith extensive capital and little debt. Liquidity has been exceptionally

- 15 -

high, reflecting normal start up procedures. Liquid holdings will reduce

quickly as disbursements begin; debt will rise as project approvals expand.

Assets at the end of FY78 amounted to CFAF 10.7 billion and are projected

to total CFAF 27 billion in FY82. Profits in FY78 were CFAF 138 million

(20% of total income, or 1.3% of net worth). This represented a diminution

from the previous year, reflecting stable earnings on short term assets

and rising administrative costs. Through FY82 profits are projected to

remain at a breakeven level and the debt equity ratio satisfactory. Pro-

jected income levels, although low, are acceptable for a newly established

institution.

39. Prospects and Constraints. BOAD has successfully gotten its

operations underway, both in terms of establishing a solid organizational

structure and a good staff. Worthy national projects have been promoted

and a pipeline of national and regional projects has been built up. The

constraint, particularly for regional endeavors, is to bring the projects

in the pipeline from the idea stage to bankable proposals. For the future

BOAD intends to continue consolidation of its structure and to emphasize

operations.

PART IV - THE PROJECT

40. The proposed project was requested by BOAD in October 1978 and

appraised in January 1979. Appraisal results are incorporated in this report.

Negotiations were held in Washington, D.C. from October 1 to October 4, 1979.

The BOAD delegation was led by Mr. Pierre Claver Damiba, President.

41. Background. The Bank has assisted BOAD since its establishment.

In 1975, after the UMOA decided to create BOAD, the Bank was approached

and accepted to provide technical assistance on an ad hoc basis to draw up

BOAD's statutes and operating guidelines. In 1977 BOAD approached the Bank

for a line of credit for regional projects, the resources for national ones

being already largely located. In the Bank's view BOAD has a comparative

advantage in West Africa in the promotion of certain types of regional and

small innovative projects, and it was concluded that an amount of money

allocated to the preparation of a regional project pipeline would strengthen

BOAD's performance and have a catalytic effect in mobilizing additional

external resources.

42. Objective and Main Features. The objective of the proposed pro-

ject preparation credit to BOAD is to continue the Bank's support to BOAD by

providing funds to develop to an advanced stage bankable regional projects.

These completed studies would serve to fill out BOAD's pipeline and provide

the catalyst to mobilize additional resources. In the initial stages of the

project, studies would be concentrated on preidentified projects which should

ensure a rapid pay-off in terms of implemented operations. Specifically,

- 16 -

the IDA credit would provide $3.0 million for the foreign exchange cost offeasibility and engineering studies for certain proposed regional projects.Of the $3.0 million, $100,000 would be made available to meet the foreigncost of short-term consultants to BOAD to supervise the technical aspects ofstudies should the expertise required not be available within BOAD.

43. Proposed Regional Studies. Studies eligible for support under theproposed IDA credit would be those with clearly defined regional character-istics. At the time of submission of proposed studies, BOAD would supply astatement confirming the project's potential regional character (Section 2.02of Credit Agreement). For this purpose regional projects would be thoseinvolving at least two countries (at least one of which is a UMOA member),in the form of project ownership, location or implementation. In the caseof industrial enterprises, regional multinational corporations, transnationalmarketing arrangements and international agreements ensuring a clear regionalimpact would be encouraged. Small innovative projects which are directlyaddressed to particular regional needs and constraints and which may bereplicable throughout the region would also be considered. In the case ofinfrastructure projects economic benefits should demonstrably accrue to morethan one state and, where appropriate, suitable international arrangements toensure the project's viability should be undertaken. All preidentifiedregional studies (Annex 7) meet these eligibility requirements. Outputof intermediate technology agriculture equipment, ceramics and pumps would bemarketed regionally and produced by multinational companies on a regionalbasis. Clinker, veterinary products, insecticides and tannery operations aredesigned as multinational companies. Telecommunications and transnationalhighway projects would be developed to mesh with initiatives for regionalplanning and cooperation.

44. Implementation. BOAD would be in charge of implementing the project.All terms of reference for proposed studies would be prepared by BOAD andit would have responsibility to contact and select consultants. Terms ofreference of proposed studies would be approved by IDA, as well as the termsand conditions of contracts between BOAD and the chosen consultants (Sections2.02 and 3.04 of Credit Agreement). Supervision of consultants would be fullythe responsibility of BOAD. The project is expected to be implemented over athree year period.

45. Monitoring. BOAD would be required to submit to IDA regular opera-tional and financial reports. These would cover normal DFC reporting require-ments including quarterly financial statements, resource position, arrears,operations (approvals, commitments and disbursements), annual reports and anexternal audit. Status reports on studies undertaken will also be required(Sections 3.04, 4.01 and 4.02 of Credit Agreement).

46. Relending Arrangements. BOAD would agree that funds made availableunder the line of credit to finance studies would, in cases where viableprojects emerge, be capitalized and included as part of final project cost ata rate of interest of at least 8% (Section 2.03 of Credit Agreement). BOADwould be reimbursed for these costs as the first disbursement under the project.In those cases where no bankable project emerges, BOAD would treat the cost ofthe study as an operating expense. Repayments to BOAD would be accounted forin a separate account in BOAD (a "revolving fund") which would finance in thefuture studies of the same type (Section 2.03 of Credit Agreement).

- 17 -

47. Legal Arrangements. IDA's Articles of Agreement enable it tolend directly (at its discretion) to a regional institution without a parallelgovernment guarantee. BOAD has recently increased its capital to include CFA30.6 billion in callable capital and has changed its statutes to prohibitborrowing in excess of its capital. This has the effect of providing aguarantee involving all UMOA members which is considered sufficient and noadditional guarantee is necessary.

48. Procurement and Disbursement. No goods or equipment would bepurchased under the credit. Normal procedures acceptable to IDA for select-ing and reviewing consultants would be followed. Up to US$2.9 million wouldbe disbursed for 85% of the cost of feasibility and engineering studies ofapproved regional projects, and $100,000 would be made available to cover 85%of the cost of short term consultants hired to supervise such studies.Consultants hired under the project are estimated to cost $10,000 per man-month, including about 15% in local costs.

49. Benefits and Justification. The project would provide importantsupport for regional projects to a young, but sound, regional developmentbank in West Africa, and it would assist IDA to expand its knowledge offeasible regional projects in West Africa. Over the longer term BOAD'sability to promote regional projects and to mobilize other external resourcesshould provide strong complementary services to Bank Group operations inWest Africa. As a result of IDA's catalytic role, an inflow of additionalfunds to the region, particularly from European donors, is expected as BOADdevelops its pipeline of projects.

50. Risks. The only significant risks facing the project are that(1) proposed studies may not result in viable, economically sound projectsor (2) that the project's regional nature may make them difficult to imple-ment. This could arise owing to the relatively limited experience in imple-menting practical regional investments as well as the necessity to coordinateclosely proposed regional projects with national development programs. Re-garding the first point proposed studies selected are for projects with a highprobability of success. For the second point, the extensive local support forfurther regional cooperation as well as the added incentive of mobilizingadditional resources diminishes any possible failure.

PART V - LEGAL INSTRUMENTS AND AUTHORITY

51. The draft Development Credit Agreement between BOAD and the Asso-ciation and the Recommendation of the Committee provided for in Article V,Section l(d) of the Articles of Agreement of the Association are beingdistributed to the Executive Directors separately.

52. Features of special interest are listed in Section III of Annex 3.The Credit would have no special conditions of effectiveness.

- 18 -

53. I am satisfied that the proposed Credit would comply with theArticles of Agreement of the Association.

PART VI - RECOMMENDATION

54. I recommend that the Executive Directors approve the proposedCredit.

Robert S. McNamaraPresident

December 5, 1979

-19 - ANNEX IPage 1 of 13

-A.LZ 3AaENIN - SOCIAL LNDICAORS DATA SLErT

3 I. EF!R£NCZ CRLTP5 % D 'GST-D AJE?ACESLAND AR-A (7OUSAND SO. QIf.) RE- M057.SRZT S .tTC MaSa

TOTAL 112.6 115A 4=4GEAGCUSISTRAL 33.3 MOST ECWNT CEOCIIC :NCCYE INCOYZ

1960 /b L970 /b SST7MArE /b REGION /e GROUP /d ,OUP /

C0 PER CAPITA (GS5) 90.0 130.0 U30.0 306.1 209.6 467.5

mEROT CoNSU"?TION PEl CAPITA(XILOGRAMS or coAL EQUIVALENT) 39.0 42.0 49.0 80.6 83.9 Z62.1

POPATION ANIN VIAL STA-ISTICSOPULATION, (lYXAIL (N LLIONS) 2.1 2.6 3.2UIN POPULATION (P?ElCZ Of TOTAL) 9.8 16.3 23.2 17.1 16.2 24.6

POPAnION PPAICT1O0SPOPMATZOW Ut TELA 2000 (X=LZONS) 6.0STATIONARY POPULjAnON (MILLIONS) 15.0Y3JR STATIONARY POPMLAnOII 1S RLZQWD 2160.0

POPULATION DENSITYPER SQ. IX. 19.0- 23.0 28.0 t8.4 49.4 45.3PER SQ. "I. AGRICULTRAL LAND 62.0 77.0 94.0 50.8 252.0 149.0

POPULATION AGE STRDCTUU (PERCENT)0-14 TIR. 44.2 44.9 46.0 44.I 43.1 45.2

15-64 IRS. 53.2 52.6 52.0 52.9 53.2 51.965 YR3. AND ABOVE 2.6 2.3 2.0 2.8 3.0 2.8

POPULATION CROWdI RATE (PERCNT)7TOAL 2.2 2.6 2.9 2.7 2.4 2.7URBAN .. 7. 10.4 5.7 4.6 4.3

CRUDE SIRIS RATS (M THOUSAND) 51.0 49.0 49.0 46.3 42.4 39.4CRZhE DLAT! RAATE (P?R T0OUSAND) 27.0 22.0 19.0 17.2 15.9 11.7GROSS RPROOUCrION RATZ 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.1 2.9 2.7FAMILY PLANNTitO

AOGEMILS. ANNUAL (TEOU8ANDS) .. .. ..VSXtS (PERcT Of MARL WOMN) .. .. .. .. 12.2 13.2

OOD AND NUTRITIONuIDEx or tooO PRoocTrioN

PER CAPITA (1969-71-100) 92.9 101.0 91.0 94.3 98.2 99.6

PER CAPITA SUPPLY OFCALORIES ( P!RCEPT Of

R=nUQmwS) 96.0 97.0 87.0 89.3 93.3 94.7PROTEINS (CRAMS PnR OAT) 54.0 55.0 56.0 55.8 52.1 54.3

OFr WslI ANIMAL AND PULSE 14.1 18.0/f 13.0 17.9 13.6 17.4

CRaLD (AGES 1-4) RUTALITT RATE 41.0 32.0 27.0 22.3 18.5 11.4

UALTISIFE EPECT-ANCT AT SIRTS (YEARS) 37.0 42.0 46.0 47.0 49.3 54.7

INPANT MORTALITY RATE (PERTIOSAND) 206.0 *- * *- 105.4 68.1

ACCESS TO SAFE VAR (PERCENT OFPOPULATION)

TOTAL .. .. 20.0 20.3 26.3 34.4URBAN .. .. 42.0 53.9 58.5 57.9RURAL .. .. 16.0 10.1 15.8 21.2

ACCESS TO ERORA DISPOSAL (CPRCENTOP POPULAON)

TOTAL .. 14.0 .. 22.5 16.0 40.8URBSN .. 83.0 .. 62.5 65.1 71.3RVRAL .. 1.0 .. 13.9 3.5 27.7

POPULATION PE-R PKTSICtAN 47000.0 28920.0 34380.0 17424.7 11396.4 679.4POPULATION PER NURSINC PERSON .. 2910.0 3100.0 2506.6 5552.4 1522.1POPVLATION PER EOSPITAL BED

TOTAL 710.0 870.0 780.0 502.3 1417.1 726.5URJAN .. 360.0 290.0 201.4 197.3 272.7RCELAL .1620.0 1300.0 1403.6 2445.9 1404.4

ADOmSSIONS PCR HOSPITAL SD .. 30.2 17.7 23.4 24.8 27.5

HOUSINGAVERAGE SIZE Of SOUSEUOLD

TOTAL .. .. .. 4.9 5.3 5.4R .. .. .. 4.9 S.9 5.1

RVURAL .. .. .. 5.5 5.4 5.5

AVERACE YUMER O PERSONS PER ROOMTAL .. .. ..

URBAN .. .. ..RURAL .. .. .. . ..

ACCESS TO ZL.CTRICIT (PERCENTOr OVELLIINCS)

TOTAL .. .. .. .. 22 .5 28.1VRS&N .. .. .. .. 17.8 41RURAL .. .. 9

-20- ANNEX I

Page 2 of 13TABLE 3A

BENIN - SOCIAL INDICATORS DATA SHEET

REFERENCE CROUPS (ADJUSTED AVERAGESE- MOST RECENT ESTIMATE)

SAME SAME SE1T HICHERMOST RECENT GEOCRAPHIC INCO UE IuCOME

1960 /b 1970 /b ESTLMATE /b REGION /c GROUP /4 GROUP /a

EDUCATIONA3dUSTED ENROLLME,ST RATIOS

PRIMARY: TOTAL 26.0 40.0 53.0 59.0 63.3 82.7MALE 38.0 56.0 73.0 64.2 *79.1 87.3FEMALE 15.0 25.0 33.0 44.2 48.4 75.8

SECON'DARY: TOTAL 2.0 5.0 10.0 9.0 16.7 21.4MALE 2.0 8.0 14.0 12.0 22.1 33.0FEMALE 1.0 3.0 5.0 4.4 10.2 13.5

VOCATIONAL ENROL. (; OF SECONDARY) 13.0 4.1 2.1 7.0 5.6 9.8

PUPIL-TEACIER RATIOPRIMlARY 41.0 44.0 48.0 42.2 41.0 34.1SECONDARY 23. 0 26.0 31.0 22.9 21.7 U. 4

ADULT LITERACY RATE (PERCEFT) 8.0 * 11.0/h 20.8 31.2 54.0

CONSUMPTIONPASSENGER CARS PER THOUSAND

POPULATION 1.0 4.0 5.3 4.0 2.8 9.3RADIO RECEIVERS PER THOUSAND

POPULATION 13.0 32.0 47.0 44.3 27.2 76.9TV RECEIVERS PER THOUSAND

POPULATION .. .. .. 2.9 2.4 13.5NEWSPAPER ("DAILY GENERAL

NTEREST") CIRCULATION PERTHOUSAND POPULATION 2.0 1.0 0.3 5.6 5.3 L8.3CINEMA ANNUAL ATTENDANCE PER CAPITA 0.2 0.4 .. 0.4 1.1 2.5

LABOR FORCETOTAL LABOR FORCE (THOUSANDS) 1100.0 1300.0 1445.0

FEMALE (PERCENT) 45.1 44.9 46.2 31.9 24.8 29.2AGRICULTL'RE (PERCENT) 54.5 49.7 47.0 ".6 69.4 62.7INDUSTRY (PERCENT) 8.9 11.8 15.0 7.9 10.0 11.9

PARTICIPATION RATE (PERCENT)TOTAL 51.2 49.0 46.4 40.8 36.9 37.1ltALE 57.1 54.9 51.0 53.9 52.4 48.8FEMALE 45.5 43.3 42.1 25.6 18.0 20.4

ECONOMIC DEPENDENCY RATIO 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.4

INCOME DISTRIBUTIONPERCENT OF PRIVATE INCOMERECEIVED BY

HIGHEST 5 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS 31'4/L .. .. .. .. 15.2HIGHEST 20 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS 51.J7i .. .. .. .. 48.2LOWEST 20 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS 5.5k .. .. .. .. 6.3LOWEST 40 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS 15.8 .. .. .. .. 16.3

POVERTY TARGET GROUPSESTIMATED ABSOLUTE POVERTY INCOMELEVEL (USS PER CAPITA)

URBAN .. .. .. 187.6 99.2 241.3RURAL .. .. 65.0 96.8 78.9 136.6

ESTIMATED RELATIVE POVERTY INCOMELEVEL (USS PER CAPITA)

UPRBAN .. .. .. 138.4 91.9 179.7RURAL .. .. 67.0 71.0 54.8 103.7

ESTIMATED POFULATION BELOW ABSOLUTEPOVERTY INCOME LEVEL (PERCENT)URBAN .. .. .. 34. 5 44.1 24. 8RURAL .. .. 50.0 48.7 53.9 37.5

Not availableNot applicable.

NOTES

/a The adjusted group averages for each indicator are populaclon-weighted geometric means, excluding the extremevalues of the Indicator and the zost populated country in each group. Coverage of countries among theindicators depends on availability of data and Ls not uniform.

/b Unless otherwise noted, data for 1960 refer to any year between 1959 and 1961; for 1970, between 1969and 1971; and for Most Recent Estimate, between 1973 and 1977.

/c Africa South of Sahara; /d Low Income ($280 or less per capita, 1976); /e Lower Middle IncomeZS281-550 per capita, 1976); 7f 1964-66; /g Population; /h 1973.

mot Recent Estimate of GNP per capita is for 1978.

August, 1979

-21- ANNEX IPage 3 of 13

TABLE 3AIVORY COAST - SOCIAL INDICATORS DATA SHEET

rVORLY COAST REFERENCE GROUPS IADJUSTED AjL,RAGESLAND AREA (THOUSAND SQ. 711.) - HOST RECENT ESTIMATE) -

TOTAL 322.5 SAME SAME NEXT HICHERAGRICULTURAL 171.6 MOST RECENT GEOGRAPHIC fNCOME LNCOME

1960 lb 1970 /b ESTIMATE /b REGION lc GROUP /d GROUP /e

GNP PER CAPITA (USS) 230.0 450.0 840.0 306.1 1097.7 1942.6

ENERGY CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA(TULOGRAms OF COAL EQUIVALENT) 76.0 228.0 380.0 80.6 730.7 1646.7

POPULATION AND VITAL STATISTICSPOPULATION. KID-YEAR (MILLIONS) 3.5 5.0 7.5URBN POPULATION (PERCENT OF TOTAL) 19.3 27.7 32.6 17.1 49.0 51.2

POPULATION PROJECTIONSPopULATION IN YEAR 2000 (MIL LIONS) 14.0STATIONARY POPULATION (MILLIONS) 36.0YZAR STATIONARY POPULATION IS REACHED 2130

POPULATION DENSITYPER Sq. nM. 11.0 16.0 23.0 18.4 44.6 28.2PER SQ. K4. AGRICULTUJRAL LAND 21.0 30.0 44.0 50.8 140.7 100.5

POPULATION AGE STRUCTURE (PERCENT)0-14 YES. 42.2 42.5 46.0 ".1 41.3 35.4

15-64 YES. 55.0 54.8 52.0 52.9 55.3 56.365 YES. AND ABOVE 2.8 2.7 2.0 2.8 3.5 5.1

POPULATION GROWTH RATE (PERCENT)TOTAL 2.1 3.8/f 5.9/f 2.7 2.4 1.7URmAN .. 7.5 9.3 5.7 4.5 3.0

CRUDE BIRTH RATE (PER THOUSAND) 50.0 49.0 50.0 46.3 31.1 27.5CRUDE DEATH RATE (PER THOUSAND) 27.0 22.0 19.0 17.2 9.2 9.1GROSS REPRODUCTION RATE 3.21z.h 3.1 3.3 3.1 2.2 1.8FAMILY PLANNG

ACCEPTORS, ANNUAL (THOUSANDS) .. ..USERS (PERCENT oP O URIED WOMEN) ;. .. .. .. 34.7

FOOD AND NUTRITIONINDEX OF FOOD PRODUCTIONPER CAPITA (1969-71-100) 57.7 97.0 115.0 94.3 104.4 102.0

PER CAPITA SUPPLY OFCALORIES (PERCENT OF

REQUIREMENTS) 94.0 114.0 115.0 89.5 105.0 120.8PROTEINS (GRAMS PER DAY) 52.0 60.0 64.5 55.8 64.4 80.9

OF WHICH ANIMAL AND PULSE .. 18.0/1 21.4 17.9 23.5 31.3

CHLD (AGES 1-4) MORTALITY RATE 41.0 32.0 27.0 22.3 8.6 5.1

HEALTHLIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH (YEARS) 37.0 42.0 46.0 47.0 60.2 65.6INFANT MORTALITY RATE (PERTHOUSAND) .. .. .. .. 46.7 45.5

ACCESS TO SAFE WATER (PERCENT OFPOPULATION)

TOTAL .. .. 19.0 20.3 60.8 69.4URBAN .. .. 50.0 53.9 75.7 85.1RURAL .. .. 5.0 10.1 40.0 43.0

ACCESS TO EXCRETA DISPOSAL (PERCENTOP POPULArrON)

OTAL .. 5.0 25.0 22.5 46.0 70.1URBAN .. 23.0 33.0 62.5 46.0 88.3RURAL .. .. 22.0 13.9 22.5 33.2

POPULATION PER PHYSICIAN 25480.O0J 15320.0 15220.0 17424.7 2262.4 1343.2POPULATION PER NURSING PERSON .. 2480.0/k 1710.0/k 2506.6 1195.4 765.0POPULATION PER HOSPITAL BED

TOTAL *- 850.0 840.0 502.3 453.4 197.6URBAN * 250.0 .. 201.4 253.1 260.2RURAL .. 1650.0 .. 1403.6 2732.4 1055.0

ADNISSIONS PER HOSPITAL BED .. .. .. 23.4 22.1 17.3

ROUSINGAVERACE SIZE OF HOUSEHOLD

TOTAL .. .. .. 4.9 5.3 4.7

URBAN .. .. .. 4.9 5.2 4.4RURAL .. .. 6.0 5.5 5.4 5.1

AVERAGE rnMBER OF PERSONS PER ROOMTOTAL .. .. .. .. 1.9 1.1URBAN 2.5/1 .. .. .. 1.6 1.2RURAL .. .. .. .. 2.5 1.2

ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY (PERCENTOF DWELLINGS)

TOTAL 1.0/1 .. .. .. 50.0 66.0URBAN .. .. .. .. 71.7 85.1RURAL *- *- *- *- 17.3

- 22- ANNEX IPage 4 of 13

TABLE 3AIVORY COAST - SOCIAL INDICATORS DATA SHEE7

IVORY COAST REFERENCE CROUPS (ADJUSTED AVERAGES- MOST RECE'T ESTIMATE) i

SAME SAME NEXt HIGHERMOST RECENT GEOGRAPHIC INCOME LNCOME

1960 /b 1970 /b ESTIMATE /b REGION /c GROUP /d GROUP /e

EDUCATIONADJUSTED ENROLLMENT RATIOS

PRIMARY: TOTAL 46.0 76.0 87.0 59.0 102.5 101.7MALE 68.0 97.0 109.0 64.2 108.6 110.0FEMALE 24.0 55.0 66.0 44.2 97.1 92.8

SECONDARY: TOTAL 2.0 11.0 t7.0 9.0 33.5 51.2MALE 4.0 17.0 26.0 12.0 38.4 56.4FEMALE 1.0 5.0 8.Q 4.4 30.7 43.7

VOCATIONAL ENROL. (X OF SECONDARY) 13.0 7.0 13.0 7.0 11.5 18.3

PUP IL-TEACHER RATIOPRIMARY 41.0 45.0 44.0 42.2 35.8 27.1SECONDARY .. 21.0 .. 22.9 22.9 25.3

ADULT LITERACY RATE (PERCENT) 5.0/mn 20.0 20.0 20.8 64.0 86.1

CONSUMPTIONPASSENGER CARS PER TROUSAND



POPULATION .. 8.0 15.0 2.9 38.3 102.6NEWSPAPER ("DAILY GENERALLNTEREST") CIRCULATION PERTHOUSAND POPULATION 2.0 10.0 7.2 5.6 40.0 78.5CINEMA ANNUAL ATTENDANCE PER CAPITA .. .. 1.5 0.4 3.7 3.6

LABOR FORCEtOTAL LABOR FORCE (THOUSANDS) 1908.0 2600.0 2900.0

FEMALE (PERCENT) 44.0 43.8 43.8 31.9 25.0 24.5ACRICULTUlRE (PERCENT) 88.8 84.5 82.0 77.6 43.5 28.9LNOUSTRY (PERCENT) 2.1 2.6 4.0 7.9 21.5 30.6

PARTICIPATION RATE (PERCENT)TOTAL 55.6 53.4 51.6 40.8 33.5 33.8MALE 61.4 59.4 57.7 53.9 48.0 51.3FEMALE 49.6 47.3 45.5 25.6 16.8 16.3


INCOHE DISTRIBUTIONPERCENT OF PRIVATE INCOMERECEIVED BY

HIGHEST 5 PERCENT OF ROUSEROLDS 30.9/n .. .. .. 20.8HICGEST 20 PERCENT OF ELOUSEHOLDS 51.87 .. 50.0/s .. 52.1 57.6LOWEST 20 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS 6.67n .. 9.07 .. 3.9 3.4LOWEST 40 PERCENT OP HOUSEHOLDS 16.57; .. 20.07i .. 12.6 11.0


URBAN .. .. 217.0 187.6 270.0RURAL .. .. 76.0 96.8 183.3


URBAN .. .. 387.0 138.4 282.5 550.0RURAL .. .. 194.0 71.0 248.9 403.4

ESTIMATED POPULATION BELOW ABSOLUTEPOVERTY INCOME LEVEL (PERCENT)

URBAN .. .. ,. 34.5 20.5RURAL .. .. .. 48.7 35.3


NOTES

/a The adjusted group averages for each indicator are population-veighted geometric means, excluding the extremevalues of the indicator and the moat populated country in each group. Coverage of countries among theindicacors depends on availability of data and is not uniform.

/b Unless otherwise noted, data for 1960 refer to any year between 1959 and 1961; for 1970, between 1969and 1971; and for Most Recent Escimace, between 1974 and 1977.

/c Africa South of Sahara; /d Intermediate Yiddle Income ($S551-1135 per capita, 1976); /e Uppert1iddle Income ($1136-2500 per capita, 1976); /f Due to iigration population growth rate is higherthan the rate of natural increase; /. 1957-578; /h African Population only; /i 1964-66;/1 1963; /Ik Government personnel only; /1 1956-57; /m 1962; /n Population.

Most Recent Estimate of GNP per capita is for 1978.

August, 1979

ANN_EX 1Page 5 of 13

TABLE 3ANICB - SOCIAL INICATORS 1AT4. SHEET

LAND AREA (THOUSAND SQ. IM.) IIGER 1ER CE GROUPS (USTED ATAGES

TOTAL 1267.0 SAME SME NEXT HIGHERAGRICIJLTVRAL 180.0 .MOST RECENT GEOGRACPHIC LRCOME INCOME

1960 b 1970 & ESTIMATE lb REGION /4 GROUP S GRODUP L

CYP PER CAPITA (US$) 1LO.O 130.0 220.0 306.1 209.6 467.5

NLERGY CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA(ILOGRAKS Of COAL EqUIV4LDIT) 5.0 25.0 35.0 80.6 83.9 262.1

POPULATION AND VITAL STATISTICSPOPULATION, KID-TE (MILIONSS) 2.9 4.0 4.9UBAN POPULATION (PUCEWC OF TOTAL) 5.8 8.4 10.3 17.1 16.2 24.6

POPULATION PROJECTIONSPOPOLATION EN TEA. 2000 (MMLIOONS) 9.0STATIONARY POPULATION (MILLIONS) 24.0IEUA STATtONUAY POPULATION IS REACHED 2165.0

POPULATION DENSITYPER SQ. mm. 2.0 3.0 4.0 18.4 49.4 45.3PR SQ. IX. AGRICULTURAL LAMD 16.0 22.0 27.0 50.8 252.0 149.0

POPULATION AGE STRUCTUE (PERCENT)0-14 YRS. 45.7 45.0 47.0 44.1 43.1 45.2

15-64 YRS. 52.0 52.7 5L.0 52.9 53.2 51.965 YRS. AID ABOVE 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.8 3.0 2.8

POPUATION GRORWi RATE (PERCENT)TOTAL 2.3 3.3 2.8 2.7 2.4 2.7UB3na 4.5 .2.0 6.8 5.7 4.6 4.3

CRUDE BIRTH RATE (?U TEOUSARID) 52.0 51.0 52.0 46.3 42.4 39.4CRUDE DEATH RATE (PFS THOSAND) 27.0 24.0 22.0 17.2 15.9 11.7CROSS REPRODUCTION RATE 3.L 3.5 3.5 3.1 2.9 2.7FAMILY PILANNING

ACCETORS. ANNIUAL (TROUSANDS) .. .. ..USERS (?PCENT Of KALED WON) .. .. .. .. 12.2 13.2

7OOD AND NUTRITIONnwr.X or FooD PRODUCTION

PU CAPITA (1969-71-100) 95.2 96.0 78.0 94.3 98.2 99.6

PU CAPITA SUPPLY OFCALORIES (PERCENT OF

REQUIREMITS) 93.0 83.0 7B;0 89.5 93.3 94.7PROTEINS (GRAMS PE DAY) .74.0 72.0 62.1 55.8 52.1 54.3

OF VEICY ANIAL ARD PULSE .. 24.0 f 23.1 17.9 13.6 17.4

C=LD (AGES 1-A) NoNElT RATE 41.0 35.0 32.0 22.3 18.5 11.4

HALTDUtYE 1!ZVCTYNCT AT BE (TY.EAlS) 37.0 38.5 42.0 47.0 49.3 54.7INrArT MOtTALITY RATE (PERTHOUSASD) 212.0 .. .. .. 105.4 68.1

ACCESS TO SAIE WATER (PCENT OFPOPULATION)

TOtAL .. 20.0 27.0 20.3 26.3 34.4URBAN *- 37.0 38.0 53.9 58.5 57.9RURAL .. 19.0 26.0 10.1 15.8 21.2

ACCESS TO EXCIRTA DISPOSAL (PERCEN07 POPULATION)

TOTAL .. 1.0 7.0 22.5 16.0 40.8UnaN .. 10.0 36.0 62.5 65.1 71.3RURAL .. .. 3.0 13.9 3.5 27.7

POPULATION PER PHYSICIA 71000.0 58260.0 42970.0 17424.7 11396.4 6799.4POPULATION PER NSING PRON 8800.0l - 7040.0 8220.0 2506.6 5552.4 1522.1POPULATION PER HOSPITAL ZED

TOTAL 2200.0 1850.0 1200.0 502.3 1417.1 726.5URBAN .. 350.0 160.0 201.4 197.3 272.7RURAL .. 4250.0 3460.0 1403.6 2445.9 1404.4

ADKISSIONS PER HOSPITAL SED 10.4b 34.7 .. 23.4 24.8 27.5

ROUSINGAVEAGE SIZE OP HOUS0EOLD

TOTAL .. .. .. 4.9 5.3 5.4URAN .. .. .. 4.9 4.9 5.1RURAL .. .. .. 5.5 5.4 5.5

AVERGE NUMBIR OY PERSONS PU ROOMTOTAL .. .. ..URBAN .. .. ..

RURAL .. .. ..

ACCESS TO ELECICITY (PERCENTOP DV.LlINGS)TOTAL .. .. .. .. 22.5 28.1URBU .. .. .. .^ 17.3 45.1RURAL ... .. .9.9

ANNEX IPage 6 of 13

TABLE 3ANIGER - SOCIAL INDICATORS DATA SHEET

NIGER REFERENCE GROUPS (ADJUSTED AYLBACES- MOST BECEN ESIATE )-

SAME SAME NEXT HICHERMOST RECENT GEOGRAPHIC INCOME LNCOFE

1960 /b 1970 /b ESTIMATE /b REGION /c GROUP /d GROUP /a


PRIMARY: TOTAL 5.0 14.0 21.0 59.0 63.3 82.7MALE 7.0 18.0 28.0 64.2 79.1 37.3FEXALE 3.0 9.0 15.0 44.2 48.4 75.8

SECONDARY: TOTAL 0.3 1.0 1.0 9.0 16.7 21.4MALE 0.5 2.0 4.0 12.0 22.1 33.0FEXALE 0.1 1.0 1.0 4.4 10.2 15.5

VOCATIONAL ENROL. (: OF SECONDARY) 4.0 3.0 2.2 7.0 5.6 9.8

PUPIL-TEACHER RATIOPRIMARY 43.0/g 39.0 41.0 42.2 41.0 34.1SECONDARY 17.0 20.0 21.0 22.9 21.7 23.4

ADULT LITERACY RATE (PERCENT) 1.0 .. 8.0 20.8 31.2 54.0

CONSUMPTIONPASSENGER CARS PER THOUSANDPOPULATION 0.3 1.0 2.1 4.0 2.8 9.3

RADIO RECEIVERS PER THOUSANDPOPULATION 1.0 36.0 .. 44.3 27.2 76.9

TV RECEIVERS PER THOUSANDPOPULATION .. .. .. 2.9 2.4 13.5

NEWSPAPER ("DAILY GENERALINTEREST') CIRCULATION PERTHOUSAND POPULATION 0.3 0.5 0.5 5.6 5.3 18.3CINEMA ANNUAL ATTENDANCE PER CAPITA .. 0.2 *- 0.4 1.1 2.5

LABOR FORCETOTAL LABOR FORCE (THOUSANOS) 770.0/i 1900.0 2600.0

FEMALE (PERCENT) 9.3 9.9 10.1 31.9 24.8 29.2AGRICULTURE (PERCENT) 95.2 92.3 92.0 77.6 69.4 62.7INDUSTRY (PERCEhT) 1.4 2.2 3.0 7.9 10.0 11.9

PARTICIPATION RATZ (PERCENT)TOTAL 32.2 31.9 31.5 40.8 36.9 37.1MALE 59.3 58.3 57.5 53.9 52.4 48.8FERALE 5.9 6.2 6.3 25.6 18.0 20.4

ECONOKIC DEPENDENCY RATIO 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.4

INCOME DISTRIBUTIONPERCENT OF PRIVATE INCOMERECEIVED BY

HIGHEST 5 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS 23.0 .. .. .. .. 15.2HIGHEST 20 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS 42.0 .. .. .. . 48.2LOWEST 20 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS 6.0 .. .. .. .. 6.3LOWEST 40 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS 18.0 .. .. .. .. 16.3


URBAN .. .. 133.0 187.6 99.2 241.3RURAL .. .. 63.0 96.8 78.9 136.6

ESTIMATED RELATIVE POVERrY INCOMELEVEL (USS PER CAPITA)

URBAN .. .. 133.0 138.4 91.9 179.7RURAL .. .. 53.0 71.0 54.8 103.7

ESTIMATED POPULATION BELOW ABSOLUTEPOVERTY INCOME LEVEL (PERCENT)

URBAN .. .. .. 34.5 44.1 24.8RURAL .. .. 35.0 48.7 53.9 37.5

.Not availableNot applicable.

NOTES

/a The adjusced group averages for each indicator are populacion-welghted geometric means, excluding the extremevalues of the indicator and the most populated country Ln each group. Coverage of countries among thetndicators depends on availability of data and is not uniform.

/b Unless othervise noted, data for 1960 refer to any year between 1959 and 1961; for 1970, between 1969and 1971; aad for Most Recent Estimate, between 1974 and 1976.

Ic Africa South of Sahara; /d Low Income (S280 or less per capita, 1976); /e Lower Middle Inco*m(S28L-550 per capita, 1976); /f 1972; LI 1962; /b 1964; /t 1966; /, Excludes laborforce of N:amey city, nomad popuLation and foreigners.

:Lost Recent Estimate of GNP per capita is for 1978.

Augusat 1979

-z ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ w

I, OI 0p | - -i. tnA J J _>J i 3 in; s s sr s ;sa ., 3n " ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ s-5

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t;i i i lN 'r= ! S 3 i i ifi | s~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

- 26 - ANNEX I

'TABL 3_ Page 8 of 13SENECAL - SOCIAL INDICATORS DATA SHEET

SENEGAL REFERENCE CROUPS (ADJUSTED AVERAGES

S.NECAL - MOST RECE'NT ESTIMATE) -

S.A.E dA.,E NEXT GICGERMOST RECEhT GEOGRAPHIC INCOttE LNCO.KE

1960 /b 1970 /b ESTIMATE /b REGION /c CROUP /d GROUP /e

EDUCATIONADJUST'D ENROLLMENT RATIOS

PRIMARY: TOTAL 27.0 43.0 45.0 59.0 52.7 102.5

MALE 36.0 53.0 55.0 64.2 87.3 108.6

FEnALE 17.0 33.0 35.0 44.2 75.8 97.1

SECONDARY: TOTAL 3.0 10.0 11.0 9.0 21.4 33.5

MALE 4.0 15.0 16.0 12.0 33.0 38.4

FEMALE 2.0 6.0 7.0 4.4 L5.5 30.7

VOCATIONAL ENROL. ( OF SECONDARY) 23.0 9.0 10.0 7.0 9.8 11.5

PUPIL-TEACIER RATIOPRIMARY 45.0 49.0 42.2 34.1 35.8

SECONDARY 34.0 29.0 22.0 22.9 23.4 22.9

ADULT LITERACY RATE (PERCENT) 5.6/h 10.0 10.0 20.8 54.0 64.0

CONSUMPTIONPASsENCZR CARS PeR TROUSAND

POPULATION 6.0 9.0 9.2 4.0 9.3 13.5

RADIO RECEIVERS PER THOUSANDPOPULATION 47.0 69.0 69.0 44.3 76.9 122.7

TV RECEIVERS PER THOUSANDPOPULATION .. 0.4 8.0 2.9 13.5 38.3

NEWSPAPER (DAILY GENERALDITEREST") CIRCULATION PCRTHOUSAND POPULATION 6.0 5.0 7.0 5.6 18.3 40.0

CINEMA ANNUAL ATTENDANCE PER CAPITA .. .. 1.2 0.4 2.5 3.7

LABOR FORCETOTAL LASOR PORCE (THOUSANDS) 1300.0 1570.0 1770.0

PEMALZ (PERCENT) 39.7 39.1 38.8 31.9 29.2 25.0

ACRICULTURE (PERCENT) 83.6 79.7 77.0 77.6 62.7 43.5

LNDUSTRY (PERCENT) 5.4 6.6 9.0 7.9 11.9 21.5

PARTICtPATION RATE (PERCENT)TOTAL '46.6 44.3 42.8 40.8 37.1 33.5

MALE 56.7 54.5 53.0 53.9 48.8 48.0

FEMALE 36.8 34.3 32.8 25.6 20.4 16.8

ECONOKIC DEPENDENCY RATIO 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.4

INCOME DISTRISUTIONPERCENT OF PRIVATE INCOtERECEIVED BY

HIGHEST 5 PERCENT OP HOUSEHOLDS 36.8/i .. .. .. 15.2 20.8

NICHEST 20 PERCENT Of HOUSEHOLDS 62.57t .. .. .. 48.2 52.1LOWEST 20 PERCENT Of HOUSEHOLDS 3.27T .. .. .. 6.3 3.9

LOWJEST 40 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS 9.4/i .. .. .. 16.3 12.6

POVERTY TARGET GROUPSESTBIATED ABSOLUTE POVERTY INCOMELEVEL (US5 PER CAPITA)

URBAN .. .. .. 187.6 241.3 270.0

RURAL .. .. 72.0 9E.8 136.6 183.3


URBAN .. .. 151.0 138.4 179.7 282.5

RURAL .. .. .. 71.0 103.7 248.9

ESTIMATED POPUL.ATION BEOW ABSOLUTE

POVERTY INCOME LEVEL (PERCENT)URBAN .. .. .. 34.5 24.8 20.5RURAL .. .. .. 48.7 37.5 35.3

Hoc avatlableNot applicable.

NOTES

/a 'he adjusted group averages for each indicator are populatioa-weighted geometric means, excluding the extreme

values of the indicator and the most populated country in each group. Coverage of countrits among the

indicators depends on availability of data and is not uniform.

/b Unless otherwise noted, data for 1960 refer to any year between 1959 and 1961; for 1970, between 1969

and 1971; and for Moat Recent Estimate, between 1974 and 1977.

/c Africa South of Sahara; /d Lower Middle Income (S281-550 per capita, 1976); /e Intermediare Middle

Income (0551-1135 per capita. 1976); /f 1972; Li 1964; /h African populazton only; /t Popula-tion; /i 1978.

Moat Recent Estimate of GNP per capita is for 1978.

August, 1979

w~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ oo ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Z

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- tS w o *e * . . 40 _ O "> " 5 o $4: sa :> -- : - @ "^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i

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Su O O . *- 00 00 000 __ 00" : : 0 0~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~~~~~~MN -I

ANNLX lPage 10 of 13

TABLE 3ATOGO - SOCIAL INDICATORS DATA SHEET

TOCO REFERENCE CROUPS (ADJUSTED A'ERAGES- MOST RECENT ESTIMIATE) -

SAKE SAME NEXT HICGHERMOST aSCENT GEOGRAPHIC INCOtME INCO£E

1960 /b 1970 /b ESTIMATE /b REGION /c GROUP /d GROUP :e


PRIMARY: TOTAL 44.0 72.0 103.0 59.0 63.3 82.7MALE 63.0 1O0.o 133.0 64.2 79.1 87.3FEMALE 24.0 44.0 73.0 44.2 48.4 75.S

SECONDARY: TOTAL 2.0 7.0 23.0 9.0 16.7 21.4MALE 4.0 11.0 36.0 12.0 22.1 33.0FEMALE 1.0 3.0 11.0. 4.4 10.2 13.5

VOCATIONAL ENROL. (I OF SECONDARY) 10.0/i 10.0 8.0 7.0 5.6 9.8

PUPEL-TEACHER RATIOPRIMARY 63.0 38.0 61.0 42.2 41.0 34.1SECONDARY .. 23.0 38.0 22.9 21.7 23.4

ADULT LITERACY RATE (PERCENT) 10.0L 12.0 16.0 20.8 31.2 54.0

CONSUMPTIONPASSENGER CARS PER THOUSAND



POPULATION .. .. .. 2.9 2.4 13.5NEWSPAPER ("DAILY GENERALINTEREST") CIRCULATION PERTHOUSAND POPULATION 2.0 7.0 3.2 5.6 3.3 18.3CINEMA ANNUAL ATTENDANCE PER CAPITA 0.2 .. L.0 0.4 1.1 2.5

LABOR FORCETOTAL LABOR FORCE (THOUSANDS) 630.0f 720.0/k 890.0

FEMALE (PERCENT) 40.2 42.1 41.4 31.9 24.8 29.2ACRICULTURE (PERCENT) 79.3 73.3 69.0 77.6 69.4 62.7INDUSTRY (PERCENT) 8.1 10.9 14.0 7.9 10.0 11.9

PARTICIPATION RATE (PERCENT)TOTAL 45.4 43.8 42.4 40.8 36.9 37.1MALE 56.1 52.2 50.9 53.9 52.4 48.8FEMALE 35.4 35.9 34.3 25.6 18.0 20.4


INCOME DISTRIBUTIONPERCENT OF PRIVATE INCOMERECEIVED 3Y

HIGHEST 5 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS .. .. .. .. .. 15.2HIGHEST 20 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS .. .. .. .. .. 48.2LOWEST 20 PERCENT OF HdOUSEHOLDS .. . .. .. .. 6.3LOWEST 40 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS .. .. .. .. .. 16.3


URBAN .. .. 201.0 187.6 99.2 241.3RURAL .. .. 97.0 96.8 78.9 136.6


URBAN .. .. 100.0 138.4 91.9 179.7RbRAL .. .. 100.0 71.0 54.8 103.7

ESTIMATED POPULATION BELOW ABSOLUTrEPOVERTY INCOME LEVEL (PERCENT)

URBAN .. .. 35.0 34.5 44.1 24.8RURAL .. .. 40.0 48.7 53.9 37.5


liOTES

/a The adjusced group averages tor each Indicacor are populaticn-welghted geometric means, excluding che extremevalues of the indicator and the most populated country in each group. Coverage of countries among cheindicacors depends on availability of data and is not uniform.

/b Unless otherwise noted data for 1960 refer to any year between 1959 and 1961; for 1970, between 1969and 1971; and for Most Recent Estimate, between 1974 and 1977.

Itc Africa South of Sahara; /d Low Income ($260 or less per capita, 1976); /e Lower Middle Income(S281-550 per capita 1976); If 1964-66; /g 1962; /h Government hospital establisheamtns; /IExcluding teacher training; 7r Figures do not include apprenctices and unemployed; /k Figures do nocInclude unemployed.

Most Recent Estimate of GN? per capita is for I978.

August. 1979

-4

i 1 LS~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ i ;A R 2 X i tS 3 4- 3 d i ;

as~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i Ajj 1^"~4sn*r @ ! tf t ° ;; °° ii- 9, 1 n X- 3 s w- g;.5 f:0S~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~St

PI $4 A :2 2 :° s X2s

t3 j ] ]|3 uei~~~~~~~3 i ^s3 5j3 i3 53 3 3j > 3

- 30- ANNEX I

Page 12 of 13TABLE 3A

UPPER VOLTA - SOCtIL t1nIUCA-RS DATA SEET

UMIER VOLTA E NCt atZPS (AJUSTED AyEACGES- inST RECENT 1STLDtA?E~ _SANE SAME NEXT HIGHEN

IDST RCCE#T CEOCRHIC INCOME INCo?E1960 ib 1910 /b ESTIMA tb CZON ic GROUP /d GROUP la

EDUCATIONADJUSTED ENROLLXENT RATIOS

PRIMARY: TOTAL 8.0 13.0 16.0 59.0 53.3 82.7MALE 12.0 16.0 20.0 64.2 79.1 87.3FEMALE, 5.0 9.0 12.0 ".2 48.4 75.8

SECONDUAY: TOTAL 0.5 1.0 2:0 9.0 16.7 21.4MALE 1.0 2.0 3.0 12.0 22.1 33.0FEMALE 0.3 1.0 1.0 - 4.4 10.2 15.5

VOCATIONAL ENROL. (2 or SECONDARY) 21.0 15.0 tA 7.0 5.6 9.8

PUP IL-TEA R RATIOPRLMAJtY 47.0 4.0 48.0 *.2 41.0 34.1SECONDARY 20.0 23.0 20.0 22.9 21.7 23.4

ADULT LITERACY RATE (PERCCIT) 1.3/1 5.0/f .. 20.$ 31.2 54.0

CONStUMPTIONPASSENER CARS PER IRUSAN

POPULATION 0.4 1.0 1.6 4.0 2.8 9.3RADO RECEIVUS PER TSous

POPULATION 1.0 16.0 17.0 44.3 27.2 76.9TV RECEtVERS PER THOUSAND

POPULATION 0.If 1.0 .. 2.9 2.4 13.5NEWSPAPER ("DAILY GENERALTNTERESTr) CIRCULATION PERTHOUSAND POPULATION ... 0.4 0.3 5.6 5.3 18.3CINEMA ANNAL A mTTENDACE PER CAPITA .. 0.2 .. 0.4 1.1 2.5

LABOR FORCETOTAL LABOR FORCE (THOUSANDS) 2500.0 3000.0 3300.0

FEMALE (PERCENT) 47.3 46.6 44.4 31.9 24.8 29.2AGRICULTURE (PERCENT) 91.5 84.8 64.0 77.6 69.4 62.7ItDUSTRY (PERCENT) 5.4 8.5 11.0 7.9 10.0 11.9

PARTICIPATION BRATE (PERCENT)TOTAL 57.7 55.7 54.3 40.8 36.9 37.1MALE 60.9 59.5 58.4 53.9 52.4 48.8FEKALE 54.5 51.9 50.2 25.6 18.0 20.4

ECOMIC DEPENDENCY RATIO 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.4

INCOME DISTRIWTIONPERCENT OF PRIVATE ENCORRECTIVED BY

EICHEST 5 PERCENT OP HOUEHOLDS .. .. .. .. .. 15.2RICEEST 20 PERCENT OP REOUSZOLDS .. .. .. .. .. 4S.2LOWEST 20 PERCENT Of OUSESZHLDS .. .. .. .. .. 6.3LOWEST 40 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS .. .. .. .. .. 16.3

POVERTY TARGET GROCPSESTIMATED ABSOLUTE POVERTY INCOMELEVEL (USS PER CAPITA)

URBAN .. .. 108.0 187.6 99.2 241.3RURAL .. .. 53.0 96.8 78.9 136.6

ESTtIATED RELrATIVE POVERTY INCOMELEVEL (USS PER CAPITA)

URBAN .. .. .. 138.4 91.9 179.7RURAL *- *- 37.0 71.0 54.8 103.7

ESTIMATED POPULATION ULOW ABSOLUTPOVERTY INCOME LEVEL (PERCENT)URBAN .. .. 35.0 34.5 ".1 24.8RURAL .. .. 39.0 48.7 53.9 37.5

Not availableI.ot applicable.

/a The adjusted group averagee for each indicator are popisetion-wveghted geometric mans, aixcleding the extreevalues of the IndiLator and the eoot populated country In each group. Coverage of countriea mong theIndtcators depends on availability of data and Is mart uiform.

lb Unless otherwise noted, data for 1960 refer to any yer between 1959 ad 1961; for 1970. between 1969end 1971; and for Hoae Recent Estimace, between 1974 and 1977.

/c Africa South of Sahara; L Low lococe ($280 or lees per capita. 1978); In Lower (ldle income(t281-550 per capita. 1976) /f 1972; a 1963; th 1964; /I 1962; 7f >a to elfration,growth rate is lower than natural increase.

Most Recent Estimate of GCP per capita ie for 1978.

August. 1979

-31- ANNEX IPage 13 of 13

DDTOTYIOU Of 0OC1AL DUICATORS

Altbsugh the data, ar dreen frail court. 9generly judged the mnet authoitative end reliable, it eholii- aim ha nOted that they my not be intern..coorele, beoa.e of ttie lask Of .tao-deriZ definitions sod concepts used by different countries in tolIctlOg the data. The date ere, 0Oeethelees,

usful to desoribe Ordern gf cegoltud, indicate trend, end bheactertte certain major difference. bot.tee voatrie...

The ISl * for each Indicator arc populatioo-scightcd geometri act.., ezoludtog the extreme values of the lodltator cod the -et Populatedcactryin edbgroP. oato teck of data. group avrg.of all Inodicators for C.Vitel Suorplao Oil Exporar co d of boditators of Acces to Water and Excreta

DispoSAL, Hoesing, Income Distributlee cod Poverty for other tcoutry group are ypojAtion-weightcd gctrl.c acote without cxalustia Of the astroem. vai.. codthe mat poplulaed tryic? Sno. teCove=q Of vo.._t6i6=eo tie4 iOdit_cv- AeMn. On rsiihlily of data cud 1. nt gofoe ato -on be noert icd

Lvca or at a Un-emAt e en a -r.#r ... tgroue..

M (athoeed cq.ke.) AcosOe toforeaDitoa aWscet f Waltlc - tota. IrN, end ruasl-Toa eufc -areacmprising tend area cod tolso water.. mbropepettl, ren rodtual ervd b ecrtad o al a

* h:"ot '"ouot ectinate of egrioultural rea _ted temporarily peroentag. of their ...epeotive populations. Zxcreta di.pocal. eq tcluode

or permcoetly for crope, peeturu, market end kitch.. gardens Or to the colInicot end dieposal, with of Citio.t tOatteoat, of Omano .- ret,lIe feLI.o. and cute-cater by water-horta syetwe or the toe of pit prince cod aL.oilr

a"F !M (0 -OP per capita eatintate at current mearket Prices, painutlatiooorhctia -Population divtded by ffuob.r of prenti.ieg phy.iciacvelld6latidWiemm cverciLo intbod en Worl Penk Atlul (1976-78 bauic) 11inf % 11Q1c_ scbooi at university level.1960, t170 40WA 1978 data. Poocul.tion P., Inurciet Person PoplaItion divided by number of preoticleg mate

ARC nUaL& Oomeumptioe of GovossroW onea and feale" graduate euce rcialurece. sod gaecltant oes"-l-LY A Lwle Pa mr, aCoorel gas end bydro., auolece and gee. Pogato pe tcitlSd toa ra. end rural - PopAlatio. (total, when,

thermal lOcttricity) iA kilogramo of coal equialent per OaPIt; 1960, an ua)dr DVdb their roopeotite ouzber or toepital beds available In191, Mgd 197 d"ata publi. and privat. general ed epecftlalled hOctpital end rhabilitation conotereHoepitals are establiabsoot. Permanently etaffed by at le-%ant.n phLycician.

tEtablieheemte providing priocipaLLy custodial care arc, got included. Ruoralo - -ams ailiowe) - As of July Li 1960, 1970, ozd hoepitals, howere, iccind health e4nd edlcaL ceoter not pmmrnenetly etaffed

IM "ta. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~by a physeician, (but by a medical assistant, euree, midwife, etc.) which offer.OrIb, 1L0 (rcoat of total) - Ratio of urba to total pop.ulation; in-patient sactondation end provide a limited range of medical fruilitic..

d~ifero"" f LIAn.S Of urhn area eq affsect ceqarelillty of data 949d,G.pnJr5oj(l.H5Hi ToAl cmber of adniectona to or diechargec fremaeang *oauntri.e; 1960, 1970, end 19793 data..b.ittdvd ytecme of beds.

- Current populationL projections are baed on MUISaenby age en oe and their mortality sod fertility l g 1co oshl trocprboeod oa.ubn n ua

ratc. roeotnpermetere for vortlilty rat"e convise of theo onhl oeeeo ru fidIiul h i. lictotr o

icrele tum Ufs e epieteeW at birth tocreeling with country e their main malt. A boarder or lodger eq or eq not be included LA theper weita. theme level, Icd Pamel life copetaccy stabiliaing at househoold for etatistical popspel.77.9 peer.fThe parwetere for fertility rate ala. bare three levale vrs oeeba of_necon p re -;tota. urb0 n oa Averag number

ecedgdeclin La fertilUty according to inomes leel, sod pest ofprn.prccai ra,cdcoe cuid e.otbonal dweilinge,feety nianin peroeece. Bac country be thee aetiwned cone of theta respetively. Dellingeowlod. coa-Permsn.Ot et-oture and uoncO-pimedarte.

mine coeinationa of martallty ead fertility tread for projectionAce to tawtricity (Qecet ofdeilm) toa. hn.adra -Ccpurpoece. centiona" o.deLliego i A electricitM living quartr a. p trceetag r on

B t t0 -i tationm awy pepulAtioe thereb La. n P0th total, whean, cod coral dwelling. repeotively.e me tho rN a in 1eMequatto thedMonthrate, codalto the ageetructure rowine caontGat. This Is achiLeved only after fertility rate. Z0CATIONdecline to the repLammot level of colt eat reproduction rate, then d769g'M p lj map9oatiopeach gacretion of wMga replacee itself coently. The stationasy.pope- Pohii6AUhk cl n eae- Omoe ttotl, male, end femle nmrll-letiom cuze eat sstimattd on the baule of the projected charctewietica meto"l"aeItteprmr ee a. percentagee of reepettve primaryof the population La the yearw0, en. d the rate of decline ef fertility echool-ag. pepelatione; normaLly toledee" children aged 6-11 year. butrate to replacement level. adjueted for differet lmeths of primary eduation; for countries with

YeareuptngawmoultionIs coackhed The year then statlenur peplatlon uanivral education corollmont may acocd 100 percent, sine. acme pupilscie a henrace, are below or above the official school age.

b-.= S~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~econdary achool - to-tal aean el - Computed a . -aiv; ceon-aryNAO~n~1i-year pnpusatioe per square kilomester (100 betwtere of education "oquire' at teent four fe ore ofpproved primary iattcoctiot;

titkIidia ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~provide. general woational, or tea.ber treiaiog leetcoctioto for pupilsPeW k. egiculurelImA Computed n above for aricaltural Lend u-uay of 1.2 to 17 yewre Of age; creesnPoedec tourses amo gtenerlly

ceoluoded.__________________ h.lro 0-bper),erio-aeVoaioa cmrnlo =*Ioet of' ceona) V V loaioal inetitutio-a inclde

mU year5 wAd over) a. peocotagee of ad4-year tehia,idna, or ethr crpmo h operate independently or a.pepalatnim MO6, 1990, oda 1977 data, depsartemta, of $eceoan y inttitutions.

te coon - at -Annual cfrothb rtee of total aid- Puoilt.-teher ratiol - or1imary wAn peoopW - Total stu

public disclosure authorized the f111 · the world bank f111 for official use only report no....

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