Form 10-300 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

(Dec. 1968) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES

INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

(Type all entries — complete applicable sections)

St. CharlssFOR NFS USE ONLY

ENTRY NUMBER

.OCATION

COMMON: First Missouri State Capitol, State Historic Site

First Missouri State Capitol Buildings_________AND/OR HISTORIC:

''Peek's Row" and/or "Legislative Hall"

208-216 South Tain StreetCITY OR TOWN:

SJc, Charles

Missouri 63301

CODE COUNTY:

ISSt. Charles 103

fe vCLASSiFICATIdN

CATEGORY

fChocA One)

Distr

Site

Building 55

Q Structure

Object Q

PubliPriva

BothD

D

STATUS 5TATUS

occupied aUnoccupied SD

Preservation work

in progress Q

ACCESSIBLE

TO THE PUBLIC

Restricted S

Unrestricted G

N o: Qh-

(J

Agricultural Q Government Q Park [3J Transportation Q Comments C3

Q£ Commercial [H Industrial Q Private Residence Q Other (Specify) Q

(_. Educational CD Military Q Religious Q

Entertainment Q Museum Q Scientific Q

; : )WNER OF PROPERTY

OWNE

State of Missouri

UJ ST""T filgSaSf Instate Park Board

m P.O. Bo* 176, 1201.1 Jefferson BuildingCITY OR TOWN: STATE: CODE

offerson City

.'lU'qCATiON OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION______________________

St.. nhar-1.es County Courfnousa___________

3 TOWN: STATE CODE

St.. nhar-lsF;______________________ Missouri 63301 XIMATB ACREAGE^OF NOMINATED PROPERTY: T^ g_________________'_

REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS_______________;____;____

DATE OF SURVEY: -j Q^^ pede'ral f~! Store [^ County Q Local [^1

State Historical Society of Missouri

ITY OR TOW

Columbia

Hitt niH Lowr-y strpnts

iHssouri 6'j2Cl ~2li

Form 10-300 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

(Dec. 1968) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES

INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

(Type all entries — complete applicable sections)

STATE:

Missouri

-. ..

FOR NFS USE ONLY

COMMON, First Missouri State Capitol, State Historic Site

First Missouri State Canitcl BuildincrsND/OR HISTORIC:

"Peck's Row" and/or "Legislative Hall"

{^LOCATION

208-216 South Main StreetCITY OR TOWN!

St. Charles

Missouri 63301 St. Charles 103

[j,7i:l-ASSiFiCAtlON

Z

o

u

CATEGORY

(Check One)

Q Building 3

Q Struclur. Q

Public Acquis

In Proc..

Occup .d D

Unoccupied E3

ACCESSIBLE

TO THE PUBLIC

R0strict«d £3

Unrestricted Q

No: Q

Agricultural Q Government Q Park QJ Transportation Q Comments

Commerciol Q Industrial Q Private Residence G Other (Specify) Q ______

Educational Q Military Q Religious Q _____________ _______

Entsrtoinmont Q Museum Q Scientific C ______________ _______

OWNER OF PROPERTY

State of Missouri

5TREET ffiLSSSKfl" :State Park Board

P.O. Box 176, l?0!i Jefferson Building

.OCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION

St. nhai-le.=; Count.v Courthouse

CITY OR TOW

St..APPROXIMATE ACREAGE 01= NOMIN A TED PROPERTY

i: Se^RESgNTATIONfN EXISTING SURVEYSO*2_

Missouri

WHRfin-ri fM HT.m-1 r R-it.as Gat.alojllR

DATE OF SUR F.d.rol [H Store [jj County Q

State Historical Society of Missouri

CITY OR TOW

Coi ie»r- Hn'tt and Lrwry str

Columbia Hissouri

j|.|t)ESCR|PTlON"

CONDITION

INTEGRITY

Excellent Q Good Qj]

(Cftecfc OneJ

Altered Q£ Un

'.if G

iltered C

(Check One;

Deteriorated PI

] Mo

Ru

v.d

ns

a

D

rc/i«

Un.xpos

c/r On«J

Origino

«d

1 S

a

»B

The buildings which served as the First Missouri State Capitol

are lettered fron north to south, or from left to right, when

facing the buildings' facade, A, B, C, and D. Restoration in

progress conforms to the physical appearance of the buildings

when used as legislative chambers from 1821-1326.

Building A Tiro-story brick, one room deep with gabled roof

and stone foundation. Gabled wall (north; corbeled at cornice

line. Brick coping on gable wall (north). First floor ceiling

exposes original hewed beams. White plaster walls. Stove flue

visible on partition wall between existing front room and future

one-room addition. Restoration reconstruction will replace this

one-room, one and a half story exposed basement addition on the

rear of Building A, to conform to foundations uncovered during

archaeological excavations. Second floor has plaster ceiling,

reproduction of original chair rail and baseboard, and reproduction

random width plank floor. South end of second floor room is

partitioned to fora a separate roo.n. Between Buildings A and 3,

at ground level, facade and rear of buildings display arched

entrances of passageway, extending the depth of these buildings.

Building B Two-story brick, one room deep with gabled roof and

stone foundation. First floor framing is restored and ceiling

shows hand-hewed beams. This room is being restored as a store

with shelves and cabinets. Second floor and roof framing are

original. Second floor room contains elements of original chair

rail, base, base shoe, door and window trim. Door opening between

second floor of Buildings A and B. large square arch on south

wall of Building B, second floor, gives access to Building C,

second floor. Between Buildings 3 and C, at ground level, facade

and rear of buildings display arr-.hed entrances of passageway,

extending the depth of these buildings.

Building C Two-story brick, one room deep with stone 'casement.

Original first floor framing. Gabled roof and gabled wall (south)

corbeled at cornice line. Brick coping on gable wall (south),

with fireplace chimney at peak of gable. Fireplace, south wall,

first and second floors. Original log joists, first floor.

Upstairs flooring is original. Chair rails and baseboards are

reproductions of the original.

Building D Two-story brick with stone fireplace in rear basement,

south wall. Building is attached to gable end of building C and

recessed from facade o? Building C. Building D was not a part of

the First State Capitol complex, but is of the sane period. Has

been restored and will be used as curator's residence.

PERIOD (Cheek One or Mare

Pre-Columbior, Q

15th Century Q

a Appropriate)

16th Century

17th Century

I8th Century

19th Century

20th Century

SPECIFIC DATE(S) (It Applicable and Kn. wn; -J fj^ ") _"

Aboriginal

Prehistoric

Historic

Agriculture

Art

Commerce

Communication*

Conservation

Education

Engineering

Industry

Landscape

Architecti

Literature

Military

Music

a a n a

a a a n

Political

Religion/Phi

losophy

Science

Sculpture

Theater

Transportatioi

Urban Planning Q

Other (Specify,) D

aa a

a a a

u

o

ce.

UJ

in

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE (Include Personages, Dates, Events, Etc.)

Buildings A, B, and C housed the Missouri State Legislature

from June h, 1821, to October 1, 1826. :-feeting in St. Louis

on November 25, 1820, the IJissouri General Assembly designated

St. Charles as the seat of government until 1826 when the

Capitol was moved to Jefferson City.

Construction date of these buildings is not known. However,

tax records show that the assessment value for Buildings 3 and C

increased from Si,000 in I8l3 to $l,hOO and Sl,700 in 1319.

(Coombs, Kenneth E., "A Restoration Plan For the First State

Capitol of Missouri, St. Charles, Missouri", p. 29.) Also,

archaeological evidence, prior to and during restoration, has

indicated a second story was added to Building A in 1320 to

make it conform with the two-story Buildings B and C.

Building A was the residence of Chauncey Shsphard. Building 3

was owned by Huluff Peck, who operated a hardware store and

resided on the first floor of the building. Charles Peck owned

Building C and occupied the first floor of the building with

his residence and dry goods store. When St. Charles was chosen

as the site for the State Capitol, these owners offered the

second floor of their respective buildings for use as legislative

chambers. Prior to, and during the State Legislative tenure,

the second floor was also used by the St. Charles County Court,

County Circuit Court, and the Superior Court. These Courts

met in the Peck and Shephard Buildings when the Legislature was

not in session.

For governmental and legislative purposes, the second floor of

Building A was converted into the Governor's Office and a

committee room. The second floor of Building B served as the

House of Representatives Chamber and the second floor of Building

C became the Senate Chamber. The latter two roora were connected

by a large doorway which could be opened for joint sessions. .

9. MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES > :

1. Bra;r, Robert T., "Prclininary Archaeological Investigations At First r-assouri State Capitol, St. Charles." (1968), pp. 18-30.

2. Coombs, Kenneth E., A. I. A., "A Restoration Plan for the First State Capitol of Missouri, St. Charles, Missouri," (I961j).

3. "eyer, Duane, The Heritage of Missouri: A History. (St. Louis:

: :IO

State Publishing Co,, Inc., 1965>, p. 157. !u State Historical Society of Missouri's Historic Sites File,

St. Charles County.

GEOGRAPHICAL DATA , : ;

DEF.NING A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PROPERTY

Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minute* Seconds

NW 38 ° h6 • 19 • 90 ° 28 • 51i • NE 38 ° Ii6 • )j8 • 90 ° 28 • 51 • SE 38 ° 1,6 • \£ • 90 « 28 • 53 • sw 33 « ).|6 • 1;6 • 90 • 28 • 55 •

•^• ; /•:••: '.::.:-. •r;':.': :V '- : "':; ::'.:v""^' ::: --: : "'. ' ••:",'••••'''•

LATITUDE LO

Degree* Mi nut at Seconds Degrees

O ' • 0

STATE: CODE

STATE: CODE

STATE: CODE

COUNTY

COUNTY:

COUNTY:

C

NAME AND TITLE:

*artha L. Ki;siak. Research Historian

ORGANI ^?tate historical Survey and Planning Office "•i.e.rinnr'-i St.at.ft ParV Roarri Marc

P n prtv "l/^j T?d| Jf»ffArnrtn Bin"]CITY OR TOWN:

Jefferson City12. STATE LIAISON Of FICER CeWlfiWtlOlt : isE»IS|f

As ihe designated State Liaison Officer for the Na-

89-665), I hereby nominate this property for inclusion

in the National Register and certify that it has been

evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set

forth by the National Park Service. The recommended

level of significance of this nomination is:

National Q _ State Q« Local Q

Title/ f)~'rr-rtor r 7-n.nsouri State Park

Board^ and Missouri State liaison Officer

Date March 2V, 1969

dinSTATE

Missouri 65101'"'^O1'^ ;-:i: NATION A l^ : R€^Gi S7 E R V £lf?t:P

ref.

NGITUDE

Minutes Seconds

CODE

CODE

CODE

CODE

h 13, 1969

CODE

allCATION"^:'-" 1 - V:; l: : ;•-

I hereby certify that this property IB included in the

National Register. X^**)

Chief, Office of Archeology and Historic Preaorvattoof

Date ' "^

ATTEST:

-^—j^./•x/f^f d^s.. L

Keeper of The Ntjt onai Register /

D.«.. APR i L "-W

m m

n

-i

o

z

Form 10-300o

(D.c. 1968)UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PL ACES

INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

(Continuation Sheet)

MissouriCOUNTY

St. CharlesFOR NPS USE ONLY

(Number fit entries)

FIRST MISSOURI STATE CAPITOL BUILDINGS

6. tassouri State Historical Survey (state)

1968

Missouri State Park Board

P.O. Box 1?6

1201j Jefferson Building

Jefferson City, Missouri 65101 Code: 2U

Historic American Buildings Survey (federal)

l°3lj, 1936

Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation

National Park Service

801 19th Street, N.W.

Washington, D.C. 20006 Code: 08

Form 10-300a UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

(D«c. 1968) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES

INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM I———Sfr, Charles____FOR NP5 USE ONLY

(Continuation Sheet)

(Number all entries)

FIRST MISSOURI STATE CAPITOL BUILDINGS

7. Common features of buildings A, B, C, and D include: 12 over 12 light sash, with facade brick resting directly on recessed wooden window frames. All doors are raised six-panel, either original or reproductions. All door locks are exact copies of the originals. Facade and rear of buildings have been restored with wood guttering and downspouts. Roof is hand-split wood shingles, and brick is hand fired. Two-story gallery across the rear of buildings B and C, with double-porch stair access to second floor of galleries and buildings. Gallery

has been rebuilt on its original stone foundation.

Open areas behind each building, originally were about 300 feet in depth and extended east to the Missouri River. Now terminate at a depth of 2L5-260 feet at the "-assouri-Kansas and Te:cas Railroad property line, which parallels the Missouri Hiver.

!Originally, areas behind the buildings contained stables, gardens, toilets and wells. Recent extensive archaeological investigations have produced two cistern wells, one small rock-laid well, and several rock foundations of early out-buildings.

Missouri State Park Board plans to place a log house of the period on original out-building foundation, to house public

toilet facilities.

City of St. Charles has purchased and cleared the land to the south of Building D and will provide a parking lot there for

visitors.

The land north of Building A has been purchased by the Missouri State Park Board. This tract is to be landscaped in a manner compatible with the period of restoration of the First State

Capitol Buildings.

Form 10.300o UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (Doc. 1968) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES

INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM I———St. CharlesFOR NPS USE ONLY

(Continuation Sheet)

STATE

Missouri

(JVumber all entrlua)

FIRST MISSOURI S7ATE CAPITOL BUILDIHGS

The two ground level passage-ways, extending the depth of the buildings, were used by the Peck brothers and the public as access and trade routes to and fron the Missouri River.

Buildings A, B, and C are significant as the first official meeting place of the Missouri State Legislature following Missouri's official recognition as a state.

While convened in St. Charles, the Missouri Legislature passed the Second Missouri Corprordse. This Corapromise, proposed by Henry Clay, paved the way for the acceptance of the Missouri Constitution by the Federal Cor~ress.

This Cornpromise stated that the Missouri Legislature raust sign a "solemn act" which promised that the offending Section 26 of the Constitution would never be used to restrict the rights of freed Negroes entering the State.

On June U, 1821, the General Assembly approved the required legislation and on August 10, 1821, President Uonroe admitted the State of Missouri into the Union.

OV

ER

LA

Y

St.

C

ha

rle

s

I1™ n

iSil;

: F

irst

Sta

te C

ap

ito

l o

t M

j

______

- H

ad

jey

Ir

._.L

96La__/N

ort

hL

^f=

=f

• .jf*

H

rik~

"S

uE

kd

_ii

B5*

*'n

aan^aaaaannafe

GO

EL

LN

ER

P

I

NE

38°U

6'

U8"

j 9

0°2

8'

SE

38

°U6

' k9';

9

0°2

8-

53"

NW

38

°U6

' U

9";

90^28'

5U"

SW

38

°U6

' U

6";

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES

PROPERTY MAP FORM

(Type all entries - attach to or enclose with map)

Missouri

St. CharlesFOR NPS USE ONLY

roMMON:_____First I'3.5Soiirl_3'bat.e___CapjJ'fcoIL Buj.ldj.ngg .NP/OR HISTORIC; "Peck T s Row" g.nd/or "la^islatjvc Hall"

u

r>

cc

STREET AND NUM BER:

________206-216 South ain StreetCITY OR TOW

St.. Cha.T-1.gs

Missouri 63301 St. Cha."1.F 183

St. Charles Cit.v1:1300

LLJ

1. Property broundaries where required.

2. North arrow.

3. Latitude and longitude reference.

MA

DIS

ON

S

TR

EE

T

,©

Re

pa

ir S

ite

'

Adm

inis

trato

r

Re

sid

i

(3)

La

nd

sca

pin

g

o[^

Resto

re

Ou

tbu

ildin

gs

LJ

La

nd

sca

pe

P

ark

ing

OF

F-S

ITE

^(T

) A

cquire A

rtifacts

FIR

ST

M

ISS

OU

RI

ST

AT

E

CA

PIT

OL

ST

AT

E

HIS

TO

RIC

S

ITE

CO

NC

EP

TU

AL

P

LA

N

JA

NU

AR

Y,

I9B

7

2

O

I-

u

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STATE

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE j.

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES COUNTY S1

PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM FC

(Type all entries - attach to or enclose with photograph) ————

JiiS^^;:3:::;:v J : '; : w::,!v. •...;• . .'••. - •" \-\~~,""~'^y!f'^s.~?^ : ^-., ' , '•'.-':• ::•>". V. ",:."•'•••:

?»{*

w

Ste

Lssouri

b. CharlesR NPS USE ONLY

COMMON: First Missouri State Capitol BuildingsAND/OR HISTORIC: "Peck's Row" and/or "Legislative Hall"6C&1MON::' >,:" : :. ;?';.,. •' > "'•.>-?. :':.'.. ;>;'iS ;.'-•;, V- "::: " :..'<'.' '."•.';. '• : -'.": •;• : : ; : '-: i5 :i.;.S; 1 ; ;: ^v' ; ;^ '':• -.•'• .

206-216 South KainCITY OR TOWN:

St. CharlesSTATE: CODE COUNTY:

Missouri 63301 2k St. CharlesBSfSsteteKBNCE . ••', ••'::•• ;.,:.-;!,-.;. ; .:, • ,,• <• s •-. ^- .••:•-.• .-- •-•• -..-'••'••

CODE

183. • . ••. '. :• ..-.

PHOTO CREDIT: Hadlsv In-rin - iissouri State Park BoardDATE OF PHOTO: 1968

<EOATIVE FILED AT: Lassouri State Park Board, P.O. Box 176

.120)i Jefferson BinlrHntr, Jefferson City., IH.ssoiiH. W101

Looking northeast, view of the southwest facade. Exterior restoration nearing coinpletion. (See overlay for relative locations of Buildings A, B, C, and D. )

3a(a,f ?_ /

!• : 1