psyt presentation

8/17/2019 PSYT Presentation

1/22

Logan Bodnaruk

PSYT 301

McGill UniversityFebruary nd! 01"

#S $%GT#'( B#)S M%*#F#$)T#%& )&(FF($T#'( T+(,)P(UT#$ T($+-U( F%,

T+( T,()TM(&T %F )L$%+%L

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/+)T #S ) $%GT#'( B#)S.• ) cognitive bias is sub ect to an individual s

construction o2 reality and can be a ada tive or4alada tive

• #n alco5ol use disorders! cognitive biases 5avebeen associated 6it5 a roac5 tendencies!attention! res onse in5ibition! and auto4aticallyactivated 4e4ory associations 7Glad6in et al8!

019:


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$U( ,()$T#'#TY• ;)ddictive be5aviors are conce tuali


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• Sc5ult< 1??@• &eural basis o2 cue

reactivity• )2ter conditioning occurs!

do a4ine neuronsc5ange t5e ti4e o2 t5eiractivation 2ro4 2ollo6ingt5e re6ard delivery to t5eti4e o2 cue onset


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/+)T #S $%GT#'( B#)SM%*#F#$)T#%&.• $ognitive bias 4odi2ication 7$BM: is an atte4 t to 4odi2y t5e

auto4atic rocesses involved in addiction• $BM aradig4s are co4 uteri


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$%GT#'( B#)S M%*#F#$)T#%&#S #T (FF($T#'(.


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(B(,L (T )L8! 013• 90? alco5ol=de endent atients

• 3 4ont5 in atient treat4ent• /it5in 1 st 6eek o2 t5era y ad4inistered alco5ol=a roac5

avoidance task 7))T:! Stroo Task C 2illed out a series o2Duestionnaires

• Beck *e ression #nventoryE ,osenburg Sel2=(stee4ScaleE Sy4 to4 $5ecklist ?0=,E )lco5ol )bstinence Sel2(22icacy ScaleE )lco5ol Use *isorders #denti2ication Test

• )2ter retest! atients 6ere assigned to t6o conditionsA 71:training 7 : no training

• Training grou 5ad 1 training sessions o2 t5e )=))T starting" 6eeks be2ore lanned disc5arge

• Training sessions a ro 8 19 4inutes• Patients received T)U as 6ell as $BM• )verage treat4ent duration 1 days

Pre=test

)ssignedcondition

$BM H T)U

1 year 2ollo6 uDuestionnaire


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)&)LYS#S•

Mediation o2 treat4ent outco4eA• %ver all variables! only signi2icant e22ects

2or age training 7 I 801J:! indicatingolder atients ro2ited t5e 4ost 2ro4 t5e )=))T

• $5ange in bias 7 I 8001: C a4ount o2

revious deto i2ications 7 I 800?: 6eresigni2icant as 6ell

• Moderation o2 c5ange in alco5ol a roac5 biasA• Strong alco5ol a roac5 tendency 7)=))T

re=score! K 8001: C longer ti4e int5era y 7duration o2 treat4ent! I 8009: 6ere associated 6it5 a stronger c5ange inbias


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$%&$LUS#%&• $linical %utco4es

• 1 year 2ollo6 u @9 o2 atients• Training grou 918 success2ul Signi2icant• $ontrol grou J 8@ success2ul di22erence• Fe6er rela ses in training grou

• Taking part in the training increases the likelihood of remainingabstinent

• $BM can in2luence bot5 young and old brains•

$BM is a ro4ising treat4ent add=on 2or t5e treat4ent o2 addiction


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/#(,S (T )L8! 019• 3" 4ale alco5ol=de endent in atients• ,ando4ly assigned to t6o conditionsA 71: bias 4odi2ication training 7 : s5a4

training• 3 tasksA

• )=))T• 2M,# cue reactivity

• 9 sti4uli! resented 2or 2our seconds• Picture rating and craving

• )rousal and valence 9= oint Likert scale•

$raving *esire 2or alco5ol -uestionnaire


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&(U,)L $%,,(L)T(S


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,(SULTS• Alcohol-Approach Avoidance Task• Subjective alcohol craving and picture ratings

•


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• )4ygdala activation decreasedbilaterally over t5e course o2training

• &o reduction in s5a4 traininggrou


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• T5e di22erencebet6een rig5ta4ygdalaactivations be2oreand a2ter treat4entcorrelatedsigni2icantly 6it5 t5edecrease in alco5olcraving 7 K 0809:


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$%&$LUS#%&S• ,eduction o2 alco5ol cue=induced a4ygdala activity

4ay be an i4 ortant underlying 4ec5anis4contributing to t5e reviously re orted t5era eutic

e22ectiveness o2 $BM training and 4ay serve as abio4arker 2or reductions in clinically relevant craving

• $BM a22ects alco5ol cue reactivity! 65ic5 is associated 6it5 reductions in alco5ol craving


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/+)T S &(NT.


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/#(,S (T )L8! 011• 1J alco5ol=de endent in atients! at least 3 6eeks a2ter

deto i2ication• Pre=test MeasuresA 71: $raving 7 : #4 licit association

test 7#)T: 73: )lco5ol a roac5 avoidance task 7alco5ol=))T:

• Four $onditionsA•

( eri4entalA 71: ( licit instruction 7 : #4 licitinstruction

• $ontrolA 71: &o training 71: S5a4 training• 00 training trials 6it5in a sessionE session a ro 8 19

4ins

Pre=test Measures

$BM

Post=test

Measures 71 6eek a2ter:

T)U

1=year 2ollo6 uDuestionnaire


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,(SULTS


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GL)*/#& (T )L8! 019

• Using accuracy=based bias scores calculatedse arately 2or eac5 sti4ulus category in t5eoriginal e eri4ent 7)lco5ol! so2t drink!a roac5! and avoid: 4ediation 6as 2ound

• ,elations5i o2 bias scores 6as de endent onsti4ulus category


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GL)*/#& (T )L8! 019

• %nly in t5e traininggrou astronger alco5ol=

avoidance bias 2oralco5ol sti4uli 6asrelated to lo6erc5ance o2 rela se

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