psychosocial risks in closed environments · technostress… salanova, llorens & cifre (in...
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Psychosocial risks in Psychosocial risks in closed environments closed environments
Marisa Salanova, PhDMarisa Salanova, PhD
Full Professor Full Professor
Estoril, 14th October 2011
Social PsychologySocial PsychologyUniversitat Jaume IUniversitat Jaume I
Castellón, SpainCastellón, Spain
Index
1. Psychosocial Risks at Work…1. Psychosocial Risks at Work…
2. Job stress at Closed Environments…
Index
1. Psychosocial Risks at Work…1. Psychosocial Risks at Work…
2. Job stress at Closed Environments…
Psychosocial
RisksJob
Risks
At Work
Job
Stress
Each year, job stress produces high
social costs due to absenteeism, low
productivity and health care …
Job stress affects the
busy business person,
the driver in a traffic
jam, the air traffic jam, the air traffic
controller and even to
the unemployed, …
Job stress affects all workers ….
What is Job Stress?
And How does it
occur?
Job Stress Definition
Job stress is the harmful physical and emotional response that occurs when there is a poor when there is a poor match between job demands and resources of workers…
NIOSH (1999). Stress at Work. U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety
and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication Number 99-101.
Balancing Demands & Resources
Job Stress occurs when…
DEMANDS RESOURCES
But also when…
DEMANDS RESOURCES
The Job Stress Process…
Job
PersonalResources
JobDemands
Strain
JobResources
The Job Stress Process…
Strain
Job Stress Effects(scientific empirical evidence…)
Psychological Physiological Behavior
Strain
•Depression
Psychological Strain
•Depression
•Anxiety
•Exhaustion
•Lack of concentration•Cynicism•Unsatisfaction•Irritability
• High blood pressure
Physical Strain
• High blood pressure• Increased heart rate• Sweating• Dry mouth• Muscle tension• High Cholesterol
BehavioralStrain
• Open Agression• Restlessness• Sleep problems• Absenteeism• Smoking • Poor performance• Rotation
Some related concepts…concepts…
Mobbing…
Situation in which an employee systematically exerts extreme psychological violence over another employee for an extended period of time…
Burnout…
Employee feels psychologically exhausted, develops skeptical attitudes toward work and people with he/she works, and feels inefficacious at work..
Salanova y Llorens (2008). Nuevos retos sobre el burnout. Papeles del Psicólogo …
Workaholism…
‘ A psychosocial damage related to overworking due to a compulsion to work all the time’
Del Libano, Llorens, Salanova & Schaufeli (2010). Psicothema,
“A psychosocial damage related to new
technologies use, or the threat of its
future use”
Technostress…
future use”
Salanova, Llorens & Cifre (in press). Technostress: concept and measure…
Index
1. Psychosocial Risks at Work…1. Psychosocial Risks at Work…
2. Job stress at Closed Environments…
Psychosocial Characteristics of a Sterilization Department
(closed environment)
What about the “Balancing” Among Demands &
Resources?
Quantitative Overload
Mental Overload
Line work
Job Demands
Line work
Routine
Invisible work..
Working too together…
Emotional work
Job Insecurity
Shift work
Work-Home Conflict
Technical Resources
Task Autonomy
JobResources
Task Autonomy
Feedback
Social Support
Good interpersonal relationships
Authentic leadership
Team working
Work-family social support
PersonalResources
Self-efficacy
Optimism
Positive Emotions
Coping strategies
Emotional Intelligence
Hay más problemólogos que solucionólogos
The best for prevent
is just to KNOW!
To Identify what specific psychosocial risks are at your (specific) department… your (specific) department…
To identify what demands and what kind of resources can neutralize them..
To apply effective strategies to prevent..
After Assessment,
Intervention!
But what kind of
interventions?
Individual Strategies
Intervention Focus
PersonalResources
JobDemands
Strain
JobResources
Individual Strategies
Strain
PersonalResources
Strain
� Time management� Skills Training� Balancing Work - Private Life� Improvement groups� Individual Assessment or Psychotherapy
Intervention Focus
PersonalResources
OrganizationalStrategies
JobDemands
Strain
JobResources
� Job enrichment� Improving communication channels� Participative leadership…� Implementing Newcome Employees Programs� Balancing work-family…
OrganizationalStrategies
JobDemands
JobResources
Strain
REMEMBER ....
The 5 P’s
PProper roper
PPPPrevention revention
PPrevent revent
PPoor oor
PPsychological Healthsychological Health
http://www.wont.uji.es
Psychosocial risks in Psychosocial risks in closed environments closed environments
Marisa Salanova, PhDMarisa Salanova, PhD
Full Professor Full Professor
Estoril, 14th October 2011
Social PsychologySocial PsychologyUniversitat Jaume IUniversitat Jaume I
Castellón, SpainCastellón, Spain