psychology in action (8e) by karen huffman chapter 10: life span development ii presented by: mani...
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Psychology in Action (8e)
by Karen Huffman
Chapter 10: Life Span Development II
Presented by:Mani Rafiee
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Lecture Overview
Moral Development Personality Development Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood Grief and Death
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Moral Development
Kohlberg developed a model of moral development based on responses to moral dilemmas.
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Moral Development—Kohlberg’s Levels and StagesPRECONVENTIONAL LEVELStage 1: punishment-obedience orientationStage 2: instrumental-exchange orientationCONVENTIONAL LEVELStage 3: good child orientationStage 4: law-and-order orientationPOSTCONVENTIONAL LEVELStage 5: social-contract orientationStage 6: universal ethics orientation
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Personality Development Thomas & Chess’s Temperament Theory
• Temperament: Basic, inborn disposition.
• Three temperament styles: easy, difficult and slow-to-warm-up.
• Styles seem consistent and enduring.
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Personality Development: Erikson’s Eight Psychosocial Stages
• Trust vs. mistrust (0-1 year)• Autonomy vs. shame and doubt (1-3 years)• Initiative vs. guilt (3-6 years)• Industry vs. inferiority (6-12 years) • Identity vs. role confusion (adolescence)• Intimacy vs. isolation (young adulthood)• Generativity vs. stagnation (middle adulthood)• Ego integrity vs. despair (late adulthood)
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Personality Development—Myths of Development Myth #1- Adolescence is a time
of great storm and stress.
Myth #2- Most people experience a midlife crisis in their middle years.
Myth #3- Most parents experience a painful empty-nest syndrome when children leave home.
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Personality Development—Myth of the Empty Nest Syndrome
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Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood: Marriage
Research shows good marriages:
• Establish “love maps.”• Share power and provide mutual support.• Practice conflict management.• Share similar values, beliefs, interests, etc.• Create a supportive social environment.• Maintain a positive emphasis.
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Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood: Families
Important family factors
in development: Violence Teen
pregnancy Divorce
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Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood-Work and Retirement
Work: How can we find a career that best matches our personality and interests?
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Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood-Work and Retirement Retirement: Should we
follow the activity, disengagement, or socio-emotional selectivity theory?
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Meeting the Challenges of Adulthood—The Socioemotional Selectivity Theory
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Grief and Death
Grief is a natural reaction to loss. Four Major Stages of Grief:
1. Numbness
2. Yearning
3. Disorganization/Despair
4. Resolution
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Grief and Death
Cultures interpret and respond to death differently.
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Grief and Death (Continued) Kübler-Ross developed a five stage theory of the
psychological processes surrounding death:
• Denial (“It can’t be true!”)• Anger (“Why me? It’s not fair!”) • Bargaining (“I’ll change everything!”)• Depression (“I’ve lost everything.”)• Acceptance (“I know my time is near.”)
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Psychology in Action (8e)
by Karen Huffman
End of Chapter 10: Life Span Development II
Presented by:Mani Rafiee