psat 2006 - saturday

8/2/2019 PSAT 2006 - Saturday

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DO NOT OPEN THE TEST BOOK UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO!

Last First Middle InitialNan1e __

PSAT/NMSTiming The PSAT/NMSQThas five sections. You will have 25 minutes each

for Sections 1-4 and 30 minutes for Section 5.

SATURDAY,October 21,2006

Scoring For each correct answer, you receive one point. For questions youomit, you receive no points. For a wrong answer to a multiple-choicequestion, you lose a quarter ( 'A) of a point. For a wrong answer to amath question that is not multiple choice, you do not lose any points.

(This is the authorizedadministration date ofthis test form for entryto scholarship andrecognition programs.)

Guessing If you can eliminate one or more choices as wrong, you increase yourchances of choosing the correct answer and earning one point. If youcan't eliminate any choices, move on. You can return to the questionlater if there is time.

MarkingAnswers You must mark all of your answers on your answer sheet to receivecredit. Make sure each mark is dark and completely fills the oval. If youerase, do so completely. You may write in the test book, but you won'treceive credit for anything you write there.

CheckingAnswers You may check your work on a particular section if you finish it beforetime is called, but you may not turn to any other section.

DO NOT OPEN THE TEST BOOK UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO!Unauthorized reproduction or use of any part of this test is prohibited.Preliminary SAT/National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test

cosponsored by~ /~NATIONALMERITLollegeBoard ...... SCHOLARSHIP CORPORATION

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1 - 1 1SECTIONl Time - 25 minutes24 Questions

(1-24)Directions: For each question in this section, select the best answer from among the choices glven and fiU in the correspondingoval on the answer sheet.

Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blankindicating that something has been omitted. Beneaththe sentence are five words or sets of words labeled Athrough E. Choose the word or set of words that, wheninserted in the sentence, ~ fits the .meaning of the,sentence as a whole.ExaJJlple:Hoping to ------- the dispute, negotiators proposeda compromise that they felt would be ------- to bothla~or and management.(A)e,nforce .. useful(B) end .. divisive(C) overcome .. unattractive(O) extend; . satisfactory(E) resolve .. acceptable

A diehard soccer fan, Ravi was not just disappointedbut completely --.---- when his favorite team lostin the finals. \(A) indulgent (B) satisfied(C) unmoved (0) crushed(E) deceivedEach ------- of the mosaic was individually selected~d-------according to a preconceivedpatternuntilthe entire floor of the villa was decorated.'(A) photograph .. developed(B) color .. studied(C) image .. discussed(0) tile . removed(E) piece .. positioned

3. The essays of James Baldwin, which are extraordinarily------- and worldly, provide insight into this ------- andperceptive man. .(A) sophisticated .. profound(B) specialized .. provincial

\ (C) altruistic .. self-centered(0) naive .. masterful(E) volatile .. gentle

4. The Eurasian taiga, the world's largest forest, exhibitsa remarkablelackof------: it is ------:- in most placesby only a few specie$ of conifers.(A) definition .. bordered(B) variety .. dominated(C) space .. covered(0) precision .. dotted(E) thickness .. overrun

5. The new healthcare legislation was intended as -------,a temporary expedient that would serve until morethorough measures could be instituted.(A) a stopgap (B) a moratorium (C) a portent(0) an admonition (E) an invocation

6. Feeling ------- by a voting process that ultimately led totheir votes being invalidated, these citizens ------- theirdiscontent by way of a lawsuit. '(A) heartened .. voiced(B) emboldened . denied(C) compromised .. garnered(0) disenfranchised .. registered(E) intrigued . revoked

7. The manager's. -~.~----shocked her employees, whoneitherexpec~nordeserved such bitter, abusivelanguage. ,',(A) diatribe (B)soliloquy (C) repartee(0) quibble (E) . affirmation

8. Peregrine faJc~nsarelltllongthe avianwotld!sgreat ---... .--, sometimes migrating as much as18,000 miles ~.y~~.(A) mereenarie$.(B)itinerants "(C) eharlatans (0) .recidiYistS(E) provincials

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1 1 1The passages below are followed by questions based on their content; questions following a pair of related passages may alsobe based on the relationship between the paired passages. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in thepassages and in any introductory material that may be provided.

Questions 9-10 are based on the following passage. Questions 11-12 are based on the following passage.Researchers engaged in the study of chimpanzeebehavior have recently documented a multitude ofdistinct patterns across Africa, in actions ranging fromthe animals' use of tools to their forms of communica-

5 tion and social customs. They have found, for example,that chimps in the Tai.Forest of the Ivory Coast use stone"hammers" to cleave nuts, but that on the opposite bankof a river members of the same species do not crack nutsat all. The required raw materials are available on bothsides, but the.river serves as a cultural barrier.9. The passage implies that for chimpanzees "onthe oPPQsjte bank" (line 7) the river is a "culturalbarrier" (line J0) because it prevents them from

(A) reaching a distant source of food(B) maiqng contact with human researchers(C) acquiring the capacity to communicate(D) eXlJloring diverse habitats(E) learning technical skills from other chimps

10. All oftl'te fo~owing could serve as examples of the ..kinds of differences discussed in the passage EXCEPT:(A) TO~~tr~ct attention during courtship, chimpanzeesinQttpgroup rap their knuckles on tree trunks,

""pil~those in another group do not.To g~tdrinking water, chimpanzees in one groupfol


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1Questions 13-24 are based on the following passages.Passage 1 is adapted from the introduction to a 1998bookthat relates the author's experiences while hiking sectionsof the Appalachian Trail. Passage 2 isfrom a1968 book onbackpacking.Passage 1Not long after I moved with my family to a small townin New Hampshire, I came upon a path that vanished into

a wood on the edge of town. A sign announced that thisLine was no ordinary footpath but the celebrated Appalachian5 Trail. Running more than 2,100 miles along America'seastern seaboard, the AT is the granddaddy of all hikes.

And here it was, quite unexpectedly, meandering in adangerously beguiling fashion through the pleasantNew England community in which I had just settled.

10 Itseemed such an extraordinary notion-that I couldset off from home and walk 1,800 miles through woodsto Georgia. A little voice in my head said: "Sounds neat!Let's do it!"I formed a number of rationalizations. Itwould get

15 me fit after years of waddlesome sloth. Itwould be aninteresting and reflective way to reacquaint myself withthe scale and beauty of my native land after nearly twentyyears of living abroad. Itwould be useful (I wasn't quitesure in what way, but I was sure nonetheless) to learn to

20 fend for myself in the wilderness. When guys in camou-flage pants and hunting hats sat around in the Four AcesDiner talking about fearsome things done outdoors, I wouldno longer have to feel like such a cupcake. I wanted a littleof that swagger that comes with being able to gaze at a far

25 horizon through eyes of chipped granite and say with aslow, manly sniff, "Yeah, I 've slept in the woods."But then I bought some books and talked to some people

and came gradually to realize that this was way beyond-way beyond-anything I had attempted before. Nearly30 everyone I talked to had some gruesome story involvinga guileless acquaintance who had gone off hiking the trail

with high hopes and new boots and come stumbling backwith a bobcat attached to his head. I heard four separatestories (always related with a chuckle) of campers and

35 bears sharing tents for a few confused and lively moments;stories of tents crushed beneath falling trees, or eased off


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.~. 114. Incontext, the quotation in lines 12-13 chieflyconveys the author's

(A) great courage in the face of difficult odds(B) unbridled enthusiasm for studying the

natural world(C) childlike desire to escape the pressures ofcivilization(0) blithe approach to an arduous undertaking(E) brazen disregard for the consequences ofhis actions15. Line 14 ("I formed ... rationalizations") primarilysuggests that the author of Passage 1 was

(A) seeking to explain a common misunderstanding(B) attempting to avoid a physically challenging task(C) trying to justify an impulsive decision(0) giving an honest account of his true motives .(E) acknowledging the difficulty of accomplishinga goal

16. The author repeats a phrase in lines 28-29 in order to(A) stress how impressive his actions were(B) highlight a commonly held. point of view(C) emphasize the magnitude of an endeavor(0) indicate disagreement with some so-called experts(E) suggest that it was too late to reconsider a choice

17. The initial reaction of the author of Passage 2 tothe ''two men" (line 60) is best characterized as(A) trepidation(B) indignation(C) disillusionment(0) exasperation(E) astonishment

18. Inline 80, "clear" most nearly means(A) serene(B) smooth(C) transparent(0) innocent(E) keen

19. Which of the following statements best describesthe relationship between the two passages?(A) The first presents evidence that persuasivelyadvances the argument made in the second.(B) The first makes a claim that is shown to beidealistic by the second.(C) Tbesecond advocates an environmental..policy that is ridiculed in the first.(0) The second expresses admiration for theprinciples outlined in the first.(E) The second challenges an attitude that isexemplified in the first.

20. The rationalization mentioned by the author of Passage_ 1 in lines 14-15 is best supported by which of thefollowing from Passage 2 ?(A) The claim that most people are afraid to sleep

in the woods(B) The assertion. that it is possible to venture deepinto the wilderness(C) The physical description of the two hikers- (0) The importance of understanding one's abilities(E) The necessity of overcoming one's fear of the

unknown21 .The author of Passage 2 would most likely arguewhich of the following about the events referred toin lines 36-38 of Passage 1 ("stories ... floors") ?

(A) They could largely be avoided through theexercise of good judgment and use of properequipment.(B) They will unfortunately occur sooner or laterto most casual backpackers.

(C) They are indicative of some hikers' courageand exuberance.(0) They would not be likely to cause harm evenif they did occur.(E) They are beyond human control and thereforenot worth worrying about.

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122. The author of Passage 2 would most likely arguethat the last paragraph of Passage 1 (lines 27-44)

demonstrates(A) a foolhardy willingness to take risks(B) an unreasonable anxiety regarding the hazardsof wilderness camping(C) an admirable example of careful preparation(D) a praiseworthy recognition of physical strengths

and weaknesses(E) an accurate assessment of different scenariosone should expect in the forest

23. The author of Passage 1 most wants to be like whichof the following?(A) The "many people" (lines 45-46)(B) The "bandits" (line 49)(C) The "hiker" (line 56)(D) The "two men" (line 60)(E) The "astonished people" (line 73)

- 1 124. Which of the following best characterizes the toneof Passage 1 and that of Passage 2, respectively?

(A) Argumentative versus objective(B) Lighthearted versus bitter(C) Caustic versus pompous(D) Conversational versus scholarly(E) Humorous versus earnest

STOPIf you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this section only.

Do not turn to any other section in the test.

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o o oSECTION 2

Time - 25 minutes20 Questions(1.20)

"I. W hich o f th e fo llo \\1 in g n um bers is N O T betw een tan d '!t;5 .(A) 0.68(B) 0.10(C) 0.14(D) 0.78(E) 0.82

Directions: F or th is sectio n, so lve each pro blem an d decide w hich is th e best o f th e ch oices g iven . F ill in th e co rrespo ndin go val o n th e an sw er sh eet. Y ou m ay use an y available space fo r scratch wo rk.

1 . The use of a c al cu la to r i s p erm it te d.2 . A l l n um bers u se d are real n urd bers.3. F ig ures th at ac compan y p ro blem s in th is test are in ten de d to p ro vid e in fo rm atio n u sefu l in so lv in g th e p ro blem s.

T hey are d raw n as a cc urately as p os sib le EXCEPT w hen it is stated in a specific problem that the figure is n otdrawn to s ca le . A l l figures lie in a p lan e u nless o th erw is e in dic ated .

4. U nless o therw ise specified, the dom ain of an y fun ction lis assum ed to be the set o f all real n um bers x f or wh ic hI(x) is a real n umber.

5 G e ~ E r J h Sh b~ ~, s~i Ow~ b l 3 0 . , 4 5 . . . .= a x . . . J 3 s- A=1rr2 A=!bhI) A= iw V=lwh Spec ia l R i gh t T r ia n gl es1 : 1 9 : : 2 : J t r V=1rr2h c2 ::a2 + b2e.s T b l'lU JD ber o f deg rees o f arc in a circle is 360 . ,~ Tbe,lUtn oltho me as ur es i n d eg re es ofthe angles of a m angle is 180., " '-

y P (6 , 9 )

. R (6, t)2. In th e f ig ure ab ov e, OP = OR. What is th e valueof t ?

(A) -9(B) -4(C) 0(D) 4(E) 9

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2 - o o o3. the cost of 4 pieces of candy is $0.32. At this rate,what is the cost of 13 pieces of this candy?

(A) $0.52(B) $0.96(C) $1.04(0) $1.80(E) $4.16

4. If 1 8 - x l : : : ;5, which of the following is NOT a ~possible value of x?(A) 10(B) 11(C) 12(0) 13(E) 14

5' . Ina class of 15 boys a,nd 12 girls, 9 boys and 8 girlsspeak more than one language. Ifa representative forstudent council is to be chosen at random from theclass, what is the probability that the representativewill be a girl who speaks more than one language?(A) 827(B) 1227(C) 817(0) 812(E) 1217

ABC D

Note: Figure not drawn to scale.6. On the line above, if segments AB, AC, and BD

have lengthS of 5, 6, and 8, respectively, what is thelength of segment CD ?(A). 4(B) 5(C) 6(0) 7(E) 8

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2 D D 2 D Dc

3x

3R- 3 x x+2

7. In the figure above, the sum of the quantities in row Ris the same as the sum of those in column C. What isthe value of x ?(A) 12(B) 1(C) 2(0) 3(E) 4

8. In the figure above, what is the length of segment XY ?(A) 15(B) 16(C) 17(0) 18(E) 19

9. If lOx = 24 + 3tx, for what value of tis xto 6?(A) 2(B) 4(C) 6(0) 8(E) 10

3,9,27,81, ...10. In the sequence above, the first term is 3 and eachfollowing term is 3 times the term before it. Of thefollowing, which is an expression for the 100th term

ofthe sequence?

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(A) 3(99)(B) 3(100)(C) 3(100) + 3(0) 3100(E) 1003

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o o o 2Note: Figure not drawn to scale.

11 . Inthe figure above, lines f, m, and r intersect in apoint. If f 1.m and y = 110, what is the value of x?

o

(A) 55(B) 45(C) 40(0) 35(E) 20

l.2~l\?or al l positive integers x. let0be defined to betIi~sum of the digits of imultiplied by the numberOf digits of x. For example, = (3 + 1)2 = 8.What is the value ofS(A) 12(B) 16(C) 18(0) 24(E) 36

13~The Friends of the Library meet on the third Sundayof every month. What is the latest possible day of themonth that this meeting could take place?(A) The20th(B) The 21st(C) The 22nd(0) The 23rd(E) The 24th

14. Ifthe function f is defined by f(x) = x + 1,what is f{x) -1 ?(A) -x-l(B) -x+ 1(C) x-I(0) x(E) x +1

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2~', o o 2 o o

1 5. In the figure abo ve, lin e p as se s th ro ug h two v er ti ce so f the squ are. W hic h o f the fo llo win g rep resen ts thesum o f the areas o f the shaded regio ns?(A) x2 + xy(B) x2 + J2xy(C) 2x2 + xy(0) XY+l(E) 2 22x - y

1 6. Jaso n uses tw o differen t m ixtu res o f w in dshield w asherflu id fo r h is c ar. In su mm er th e m ix ture is o ne p artw asher fluid to three p arts w ater; in w in ter th e m ix tureis tw o parts w asher fluid to on e part w ater. H ow m an yo un ces o f w asher flu id sho uld Jaso n add to 24 o un ceso f the S Umm er m ixtu re in o rd er to pro du ce th e w in termixture?(A) 3(B) 12(C) 30(0) 36(E) 48

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y

1 7. T he figure abo ve show s lin e in thexy- coo rd in a te p la ne. Linep (n ot sh ow n) h asthe equa tion y = mx + k, where m an d k ar econstants . If p 1., wh ic h o f tb ef ollow in gm ust b e tru e?

, (A) m0(C) kO

1 8. In the figure above, 0 is the cen ter of the circle,OABe is a square, an d OP = 8 in ches. W hat isthe area o f the square, in sq uare in ch es?(A) 32(B) 36(C) 64(0) 16../2(E) 16.J3


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2 D D 2 D 2HOURS OF TELEVISIONVIEWING IN A WEEKHours per Number ofChild Children6 19 411 214 318 5

19. The table above shows the numbers of hours oftelevision viewing by 15 children last week. Whatis the median number of hours of viewing per child?(A) 9(B) 11(C) 12(D) 13(E) 14

20. If ( x + y ) ( x 2 - y 2 ) = 0, which ofthe followingmust be true?(A) x = y(B) x = - y(C) 2 2x = Y(D) 2 2x = - y(E) 3 3x = Y



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3 3 3 3 ~3 3 3 3 3SECTION 3

Time - 25 minutes24 Questions

(25-48)Directions: For each question in this section, select the best answer from among the choices given and fill in the correspondingoval on the answer sheet.

Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blankindicating that something has been omitted. Beneaththe sentence are five words or sets of words labeled Athrough E. Choose the word or set of words that, wheninserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of thesentence as a whole.Example:Hoping to ------- the dispute, negotiators proposeda compromise that they felt would be ------- to bothlabor and management.(A) enforce .. useful(B) end .. divisive(C) overcome .. unattractive(D) extend .. satisfactory(E) resolve .. acceptable

25. Marta expected to ------- sashimi, but she was pleasedto find that the spicy sauce made it quite -------.(A) enjoy .. fragrant(B) dislike .. flavorful(C) reject .. bitter(D) delight in .. edible(E) give up .. bland

26. Although the creation of hardy, insulin-producingcells once seemed unthinkable, researchers recentlyhave made ------- progress in this area, which offershope to type I diabetics.(A) disconcerting (B) irrevocable (C) illusory(D) considerable (E) anticlimactic

27. Publishers have sought the endorsement of OprahWinfrey's Book Club not only for the ------- rewardsaccrued through increased sales, but also for the -------that comes with such recognition,(A) fiscal .. money(B) literary .. honor(C) academic .. profit(D) intellectual .. support(E) financial .. prestige

28. Critics complained that the committee charged withthe design of the new museum ------- high-profilearchitects to the exclusion of lesser-known, thoughoften more -------, practitioners.(A) displaced .. innovative(B) courted .. accomplished(C) extolled .. celebrated(D) pursued .. reserved(E) rebuffed .. inexperienced

29. Although many people in contemporary times chooseto speak explicitly, the tradition of ------- is still verymuch alive.(A) garrulousness (B) exaggeration(C) excoriation (D) oration(E) euphemism

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3 3 3 3The passages below are followed by questions based on their content; questions following a pair of related passages may alsobe based on the relationship between the paired passages. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in thepassages and in any introductory material that may be provided.

3 33 3 3Questions 30-33 are based on the following passages.

Passage 1As a biographer, Lytton Strachey (1880-1932) thoughtand said that most British nineteenth-century biographywas long-winded humbug. He believed the conventionallength of books at that time-two or three volumes-

5 to be deliberate padding. He also accused biographers ofsuppressing evidence because it was unflattering. However,Strachey himself suppressed every bit of historicalevidence that did not make for a scandalous story. And it isdoubtful whether he ever read one truly first-hand source.10 Yet Strachey brought back to British biography a livelinessit had lost for over a century. He was excited by humannature,and his essays were supremely readable. Biographydesigned as literature derives mainly from him.

Passage 2For a considerable time it was unfashionable for a

15 biographer to admire his or her subject; that debunkingperiod lasted a full generation. Lytton .Strachey started it,and on the whole it was a healthy movement. It wasgenerally a wholesome reaction against the laudatorybiography of the nineteenth century. But Strachey was a20 brilliantly talented writer; his imitators and followers had

not his genius, and the art of biography suffered. Weoutgrew the fashion, perhaps because debunking is easyand what is too easy does not hold up over time. But thestigma remained: a biography was not true unless it was25 malicious.

30. Both passages agree on which point?(A) Strachey's biographies misrepresentedstatements by their subjects.(B) Strachey's work created a new standardfor biographers.(C) Strachey's imitators restored objectivityto biographies.(D) Strachey's skills as a researcher wereunsurpassed.(E) Strachey's work initially received littlerecognition.

31. Which generalization about Strachey is supportedby both passages?(A) He was an unusually skilled writer.(B) He was a commercially successful biographer.(C) He made biographies accessible to nonscholarlyreaders.(D) He criticized publishers of nineteenth-centurybiographies.(E) He encouraged those who imitated his style.

32. Both passages suggest that nineteenth-centurybiographies, on the whole, were(A) highly innovative(B) meticulously researched(C) unfairly dismissive(D) largely uncritical(E) unaccountably popular

33. Unlike the author of Passage 1, the author of Passage 2refers to which aspect of Strachey's work?(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)

Its literary qualityIts popularity among modern readersIts rejection of nineteenth-century conventionsIts comprehensive presentation of factual dataIts unfortunate influence on later biographers

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3 3 3 3 - 3 3 3 3 3Questions 34-40 are based on the following passage.The author of this passage was born in Korea andimmigrated to the United Siates with her family at agejour. The allusion in the passage is to the Korean War(1950-1953), which resulted in two Korean nations,North and South, divided by a demilitarized zone.

During my early twenties, to placate my parents, andsimply to escape, I decided to sojourn in my birthplace,something I'd sworn I would never do. My parents were

Line thrilled. They prayed that I'd come back triumphantly with5 a picture-perfect bridegroom. That was the furthest thingfrom my mind as I packed my faded jeans, tank tops, boots,

and aglossy photo of my freckle-faced then-boyfriend whowas of Scottish descent.The moment I landed in Seoul, I was aware of how

10 much I felt like a misfit. All my life I had tried to blend intothe dominant culture and couldn't. And finally, when I wasin a place where everyone looked like me, I still stood out.I took it for granted that I'd feel a sense of freedom. Ithought I 'd blend into the landscape. This wasn't the case.

15 People stared at mewith raking eyes. I became consciousof my American-girl swaggering body movements andinappropriate dress.Collecting my courage, I traveled to the demilitarizedzone on my own. I touched the high barbed-wire fence that

20 stretched across the belly of the peninsula, dividing Koreain half. I visited thousand-year-old temples and regal palacegates that had withstood modernization and centuries ofbattle. I met with distant cousins who welcomed me withoutstretched arms into their homes and related heroic tales

'25 about my mother and Halmoni (Grandmother) during thewar. How Halmoni had led her young children out of com-munist north to the United Nations-backed south. How mymother, at the age of thirteen, saved the life of her babysister.

30 I listened with suchan overwhelming, insatiable thirstthat when I returned to the States a year and a half later,I began to ask my parents and Halmoni (who had immi-grated to the States some time after we did) all about thepast. The past was no longer a time gone by, a dead weight.35 I now saw that it held ancient treasures. And the more Idelved and discovered, the more I felt myself being steeredtoward a future I had never imagined for myself. I began to

write. I didn't even know I could write. My family helped 'me knit stories into a bound book using Halmoni's voice.40 As her powerful words moved through me I was able to

reflect and meditate on the delusional life I had fashionedfor myself. I could feel my sense of self rising. Thissparked a newfound awareness and excitement. I becamea spokeswoman on Korean culture, traveling to various45 college campuses across the country. "Be proud. Embrace

your legacy," I spouted to young Korean Americanstudents wearing extra-large, trendy sportswear. But thewhole time I was lecturing, thad very little understandingof what that self-concept meant. I was merely talking the

50 talk. I hadn't yet fully embraced my own identity.34. The author's description of her first impressions ofKorea indicates that "a sense of freedom" (line 13)involves feeling

(A) independent(B) inconspicuous(C) invulnerable(D) empowered(E) optimistic

35. In lines 9-17 , the author suggests that her originalexpectations about visiting Korea were(A) unrealistic and narve(B) misguided and dangerous(C) politicized and idealistic(D) sensible and practical(E) ambitious and lofty

36. The author's attitude toward the ancient monumentsshe visited (lines 21-23) is best described as(A) curiosity about their original functions(B) astonishment at their size(C) admiration for their capacity to endure(D) reverence for their beauty(E) surprise at their excess

37. The author's visit to Korea helped change her attitudetoward her family's earlier experiences from(A) boredom to tolerance(B) disdain to amusement(C) skepticism to fanaticism(D) indifference to fascination(E) concern to compassion

38. The passage suggests that the author came to regardHalmoni with great(A) reserve(B) concern(C) envy(D) esteem(E) humility

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3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 :I39. At the end of the passage, the author impliesthat a sense of "legacy" (line 46) should beaccompanied by a

(A) willingness to explain that legacy to others(B) desire to search for historical information(C) realization that people are shaped by theirenvironments(D) genuine understanding of one's personalidentity(E) sincere effort to meet others who sharethat legacy

40. Which statement most closely parallels the author'sconclusion about knowledge of the past?(A) It is a treasure that should be jealously guarded.(B) Itcontributes directly to a sense of nationalidentity.(C) It is often most valued during early adulthood.(D) Itcan enhance appreciation of ancient cultures.(E) Itcan help individuals attain deeper self-awareness.

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3 3 3-----~------~

33 3Questions 41-48 ar e based o n the foUOWingpassage .,T he fo llow ing passa ge is a dapted from a 1995 article~wr it ten by an as trophysi ci st .

Tw in kle , tw in kle , li ttle s ta r,H ow I wonder what you are,U p above the w orld so h igh,L ike a diam ond in the sky.l i n e5 If stars did no t tw inkle, then the abo ve rhym e byJan e T ay lo r (1 78 3-1 82 4) w ould n ot h av e been W rittenand the w orld's astron om ers w ould be very, very happy.T win klin g stars are an active in gredien t in bo th ro man ticn ig hts an d b ad data.W hat actu ally h ap pen s w hen a star tw in kles? T hro ughfin e o ptical devices, su ch as telesco pes an d eyeballs, th ea tm o sp he re lo ok s lik e a tap estry o f in div id ua l " pa tc he s"

o f a ir th at d rift ac ro ss th e fie ld o f v ie w. U nfo rtu na te ly ,d if fe re nt p atc he s h av e s li gh tly d if fe re nt temp er atu re sa nd de ns itie s, a nd th us d if fe re nt o pti ca l p ro pe rtie s.F r( )m o ne p atc h, alight w ave can be,~ ro ken apart, w ithits segm en ts sen t o n sligh tly differen tpatbs. T he scen eresem bles a pon d in w hich ripples m ove across an un tidyrid tge o f ston es-the sm oo th shape o f each ripple is dis-t u r b e d b efo re . r ea ch in t th e sh ore . U nd er th e in flu en ceo ft;beatm osph ere, a stax 's im ag e w ill n ot o nly drift to and ,fro ,bu tw ill also chan ge its b rightn ess fro m o ne m om en tto th e n ex t. Your ey es w ill reco rd a tw in klin g star ..A tim e-lapse p ho to grap h w ill reco rd a sm eared , circular b lo b. ~After a sw ift y et p ea ce fu ljo um ey , th e sh ar p p in po in to f light fro m a distan t star reaches Earth 's low er atm o-s ph er e, w h er e it gets ju ggled an d w igg led an d sm eared in toan o versized blo b o n the detecto r attach ed to a telesco pe.D ep en din g o n the air tu rb ulen ce, so me n igh ts are w orsethan o th er s. W i th c ha ra cte ri sti c e lo qu en ce , S ir I sa ac N ewto n ,in his 1 70 4 tre;itise o n o ptics, w orried abo ut h ow tw in klin gsta rs m ig ht c on fo un d a stro nome rs o f th e fu tu re:If the th eo ry o f m ak in g telesco pes co uld at len gthb e fully b ro ugh t in to practice, y et there w ou ld becertain bo un ds b ey on d w hich telesco pes co uld n otperfo rm . For the air th rough w hich w e loo k uponthe stars, is in aperpetual trem or; as m ay be seenby the ... tw inkling o f the fix'd stars.H e went on to suggest that a m ountain m ight be a goodp la ce to p ut a te le sc op e:T he on ly rem edy i~ a m ost serene and quiet air,such as m ay perhaps be found on the tops o f theh ig he st m o un ta in s. a bo ve th e g ro ss er c lo ud s.

N ew to n w as right. T he sky is, in deed, more s er en e w h en45 v iew ed fro m m ou ntain to ps, an d I agree w ith him t ha t c loudsare gro ss. B ut the atm osphere above m ountains do es no ta lways cooper a te .

If yo u seek high -reso lutio n im ag es o f yo ur star field o rg alaxy w hen the tw in klin g is bad .then there are tw o o bv io us50 things to do. P lan A : clo se the telescope dom e and go tobed. P lan B : raise $2 billion , build a telescope, launch itin to o rb it abo ve th e disturb in g atm osph eric layers, an do bserve the un iverse fro m there. P lan B is actually inp ro gress in the fo rm o f th e H ubble space telesco pe, w hich55 n ow o bserves the un iverse w ith a leap in reso lution fromg ro un d-based telesco pes th at is as im pressiv e as the leapto telesco pe fro m the un aid ed eye.B ut there n ow exists a clever, less o bvio us rem edy thati s r ev olu ti on iz ip gg ro un li -b as ed a str ~n omy : a da ptiv e o pti cs60 In so me v ersio ns, l~ ers are. u sed to co ntin ually m on ito rth e b lo bb iae ss o f stars ..An in tr icate network of softwarean d hard ware co rrects fo r the atm osph eric tu rbu len ce o fthe m om en t. F ifteen years ago , th is techn olo gy w ou ld h av eb ee n in distin gu ish ab le fr om m ag ic . T od ay , it p ro du ce s65 im ag es that, in . so me cases, are alm ost.as go od as w hatc an b e o bta in ed f rom o utsid e th e atm osp he re .A s unrom an tic as it m ay sound, we now have the-tech-n olo gy to " de -tw in kle " th e star s.

41 . In li ne s 5 -7 ("If stars ... h appy "), the autho r sug gestst ha t a st ronomer s(A ) are con cern ed that m ost peo ple un derstan d veryli ttle a bo ut th e s ta rs(B ) are unfam iliar w ith T aylo r's w ork(C) do no t approve o f T aylor's ideas about the stars( D) fin d th e tw in klin g o f th e stars frustratin g(E) are critical o f po pu lar v iew s ab ou t w hy starstwinkle

4 2. A cco rd in g to th e passag e, astro no mers w ou ld be ''veryvery happy" (line 7) if(A ) m ore m on ey w ere devo ted to scien tific research( B) m ore peo ple b ecam e in terested in astro no my(C) a sp ec if ic b arr ie r to a str on om ica l r ese arc h d idn o t e xi st(D ) m ore people understo od the im po rtan ce ofs ci en ti fi c wo rk(E) a m isleading poem -had n ot been w ritten


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3 3 3 3 333343. The purpose of the question in line 10 is to

(A) introduce the author's explanation of aphenomenon(B) discredit the romantic reaction to starlight(C) bring up the first of several competing theories(D) acknowledge a gap in scientific understanding(E) cast doubt upon a widely-accepted theory

44. The word "Unfortunately" (line 13) primarily empha-sizes the author's(A) consternation at having to record and keep trackof so much continually fluctuating data(B) acknowledgement that there is no solution toa common research problem(C) awareness that atmospheric conditions can makeastronomers' work more difficult(D) criticism of the methods most frequently used

to record astronomical data(E) disappointment in the quality of some scientificinstruments45. The author uses the phrase "yet peaceful" (line 25) inorder to set up a contrast between the

(A) views regarding astronomical research in Newton'stime and the views regarding that subject in ourtime(B) quality of the images obtained by the Hubbletelescope and the quality of images obtained bytraditional telescopes(C) effects of interstellar space and the effects of

Earth's lower atmosphere on starlight(D) reaction of astronomers to clear images and thereaction of astronomers to blurred and smearedimages(E) romantic reaction to stars and scientific theoriesabout them

46. The author's claim that he agrees with Newton "thatclouds are gross" (lines 45-46) is best characterizedas an(A) attempt to use irony to discredit a famousobservation(B) attempt at humor based on two different sensesofa word(C) effort to support a claim by citing an establishedauthority(D) effort to establish a distinction between the author'sview and Newton's(E) attempt to communicate a difficult concept innon-scientific terminology

47. The reference to "magic" in line 64 is used to(A) characterize the success of adaptive optics(B) evoke the mystery and beauty of the stars(C) dramatize the achievements of Newton and otherearly astronomers(D) imply that certain kinds of images are not to be

trusted(E) show how the use of lasers can reduce the amountof atmospheric turbulence48. The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) highlight the importance of the telescope in earlyastronomical research(B) introduce readers to a fundamental issue inastronomy(C) explain the principles of land-based telescopes

to nonscientists(D) demonstrate the extent to which modem astronomyhas been influenced by eighteenth-centurydiscoveries(E) encourage people to take a new look at the wayastronomers go about solving problems

Source acknowledgment:With permission from Natural History, September 1995 issue. Copyright the American Museum of Natural History, 1995.



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o '0 F l .~W I n n 4u oSECTION 4Time -15minutes18~estioDS(21'.38)

D irectio DS : T his sectio n co ntain s tw o types o f questio ns. Y ou h av e 25 m in utes to co mplete bo th types. F or questio ns 21 -28 ,so lve each problem an d decide w hich is the best o f the cho ices given . F ill in the correspon din g oval on the an sw er sheet. Y oum ay u se an y av ailab le sp ac e f or s cratc hw ork .

1 . T he u se o f a c alc ulato r is p erm itted .2. A ll n um bers used are r ea l n umber s.

rI> 3. F ig ures th at acco mp an y p ro blem s in th is test are in ten ded to p ro vid e in fo rm atio n u sef ul in s olv in g th e p ro blem s.~ They are d raw n as a cc urate ly a s p oss ib le EXCEPT w hen it is stated in a specific problem that the figure is n otZ drawn to scale. A ll fig ures lie in a plan e un less otherwise.indicated,

4. Un les s o th erw ise sp ec if ied , th e d om ain o f a ny f un ctio n f is assum ed to be the set o f all real n um bers x f or w h ic hfix) is a real n umber.

S G f ~ UE~)~ s~'.:;1 Ow ~x 0 , 45 0. s b e= a x~ s- A=1l'r2 A=!bhI) V=fwh Spec ia l R i gh t T r ia n gl esC=21rr A = = fw V=1fr2h c2 =a2+b2=e~ The: n\ ll ll be r. of d eg re es o f arc in a circle is 360.~ T he sum of th e m easures in deg rees o f th e angles of a trian gle is 1 80 .p

r

21 . In th e fig ure ab ov e, film an d p II r.What is the value of (w + x + y + z) ?(A) 27 0(B) 360(C) 45 0(D) 540(E) 720

22. W hat is the value of 3x3 - x + 1 when x = -1 ?(A) -2(B) -1(C) 1(D) 2(E) 3

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4 0 0 0 D I.' < t - l o o o o 423. Bella rode a bike from school, stopped to fix a flat tire,and then continued riding the bike at a faster rate thanbefore she stopped. Which of the following gra\,hscould show the distance Bella traveled as a function

of time?(A)

24 . How many positive three-digit integers have thehundreds digit equal to 7 and the units (ones) digitequal to 5 ?(A) Two(B) Five(C) Seven(D) Ten(E) Twelve

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4 D D D D 4 D D D 41in

26. Two cubical blocks, each with l-Inch edges, are gluedtogether as shown above. What is the surface area, insquare inches, of the new block?(A) 18(B) 16(C) 12(D) 10(E) 8

28. A two-digit number XY, where X and Y are digits,is 3 times the sum of its digits. Which of the followingequations could be used to represent the statementabove?

the value of n ?27. If n is positive and 50 equals n percent of 50, what isn

(A) 1(B) 5(C) 10(0) 50(E) 100

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(A) 3(X) + Y = 10(X) + Y(B) 3(X) + Y = X + Y(C) 3(X + Y ) = 10(X + Y )(0) 3(X + Y ) = 10(X) + Y(E) 3(X + Y ) = X + Y

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4 4 DD D D DDDirections for Student-Produced Response Questions

Each of the remaining 10 questions requires you to solve the problem and enter your answer by marking the ovalsin the special grid, as shown in the examples below. You may use any available space for scratch work.

A . 7 Answer: 201nswer: 12 Answer: 2.5 Either position is correct.

+-Decimalpoint

Write answer ---in boxes. Fraction

lineCD CD CD CD.C D C D C D C DCD CD CD.CD CD CD CD

CDCD.CD.C D C D C D C DCD CD CD CD.CDCDCDCD

C D

Grid in ___result.

Note: You may start your answersin any column, space permitting.Columns not needed should be leftblank.

Decimal Answers: If you obtain a decimal answerwith more digits than the grid can accommodate,it may be either rounded or truncated, but itmustfill the entire grid. For example, if you obtainan answer such as 0.6666 ... , you should recordyour result as .666 or .667. A less accurate valuesuch as .66 or .67 will be scored as incorrect.Acceptable ways to grid ~ are:

Mark no more than one oval in any column. Because the answer sheet will be machine-scored, you will receive credit only if the ovalsare tilled in correctly.

Although not required, it is suggested that youwrite your answer in the boxes at the top of thecolumns to help you till in the ovals accurately.

Some problems may have more than one correctanswer. In such cases, grid only one answer.

No question has a negative answer. Mixed numbers such as 3 1 must be gridded as3.5 or 7/2. (If l~it ' l"t~Js gridded, it will be. d 31 31 )mterprete as 2"' not - 2 " .

CD CD CD CDC D C D C D C DCD CD CD CD'='-J.,.;;=--l,....;::., CD

29. Let n be a positive integer. If 4n is less than 50 and5n is greater than 50, what is one possible value of n? '

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30. Ifeach of 12 artists submitted either one or twopaintings for an exhibition, and a total of 17 paintingswere submitted, how many artists submitted only onepainting?

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4 D D D D 4 D D 4D31. Ina group of people, the ratio of the number of childrento the number of adults is 1 to 4. Ifthere are 480 childrenin the group, what is the total number of people in thegroup?

32. The lengths of two sides of a triangle are 2 and 21.What is one possible length of the third side?

33. The output at a factory was 40 chairs per hour for thefirst 3 hours of an 8-hour shift. The output thenincreased to 60 chairs per hour for the remainder of the8-hour shift. What was the average (arithmetic mean)number of chairs produced per hour during this shift?

34. If a + b = 140 and ar + br = 35, what is thevalue of r?

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4 D DD 4 D 4D

35. In the figure above, .e IIm and segments AB and Beintersect at point B.What is the value of x ?

36. If x > 1 and a3 = x2, for what value of y doesa2y+1 = x6 ?

STOP

37. In,a certain parking lot that contains 200 cars,50 percent of the cars are red, 60 percent are four-doorcars, and 70 percent have alloy rims. What is thegreatest number of cars in the parking lot that couldbe green two-door cars with alloy rims?

38. Ifthe area of a circle is .!., what is the diameter of16the circle?

If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this section only.Do not turn to any other section in the test.

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5 5 -5 5 5SECTIONS

Time - 30 minutes39 Questions

(1-39)Directions: For each question in this section, select the best answer from among the choices given and fill in the correspondingoval on the answer sheet.

The following sentences test correctness and effectivenessof expression. Part of each sentence or the entire sentenceis underlined; beneath each sentence are five ways ofphrasing the underlined material. Choice A repeats theoriginal phrasing; the other four choices are different. Ifyou think the original phrasing produces a better sentencethan any of the alternatives, select choice A; if not, selectone of the other choices. .In making your selection, follow the requirements ofstandard written English; that is, pay attention to grammar,choice of words, sentence construction, and punctuation.Your selection should result in the most effectivesentence-clear and precise, without awkwardness orambiguity.EXAMPLE:Laura Ingalls Wilder published her first bookand she was sixty-five years old then.(A) and she was sixty-five years old then(B) when she was sixty-five(C) at age sixty-five years old(D) upon the reaching of sixty-five years(E) at the time when she was sixty-five

1. Even though the novel Ulysses closely parallelsHomer's Odyssey and some readers find the noveldifficult to follow.(A) Ulysses closely parallels Homer's Odyssey andsome readers find(B) Ulysses closely parallels Homer's Odyssey andeven though some readers find(C) Ulysses closely parallels Homer's Odyssey, somereaders find(D) Ulysses with its close parallels to Homer's

Odyssey and with some readers finding(E) Ulysses, a close parallel to Homer's Odyssey,some readers who find

2. The survey found that given the choice, just as manycommuters would take the train as would take the bus.(A) commuters would take the train as would take

the bus(B) commuters taking the train as the bus(C) trains as buses taken by commuters(D) by commuting would take the train as take the bus(E) commuting and taking the train and the bus

3. Most recognized artists are talented in only a singlefield: Gordon Parks. however, who has shownconsiderable talent in music, film, literature, andphotography.(A) field; Gordon Parks, however, who has shown(B) field; Gordon Parks, nevertheless, showing(C) field, but Gordon Parks has shown(D) field, despite which Gordon Parks has shown,(E) field, with Gordon Parks showing

4. Because Torell was working for three yearsas a teacher of agriculture, he felt qualified fora position as field representative for the StateDepartment of Agriculture.(A) Because Torell was working(B) Because Torell had worked(C) Torell, working(D) Because of Torell's working(E) As Torell worked

5. British novels of the early twentieth century were oftenmore stylistically innovative than American novelistsof the same period.(A) American novelists of the same period(B) American novels of the same period(C) Americans whose novels were of the same period(D) that of the same period by Americans(E) the same period of American novels

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56. Timing traffic lights properly is important for routingtraffic. preventing delays. and accidents.

(A) for routing traffic, preventing delays, andaccidents(B) to route traffic, prevent delays, and accidents

(C) for routing traffic, prevent delays, and to avoidaccidents(D) for routing traffic, preventing delays, andavoiding accidents(E) to route traffic, to prevent delays, and avoidingaccidents

7. Mercy Otis Warren. who resented having needleworktaught to her while her brothers learned Latin andGreek. arguing that gender-based restrictions oneducation harmed both men and women.(A) Warren, who resented having needlework taughtto her while her brothers learned Latin and

Greek, arguing(B) Warren, who resented being taught needleworkwhile her brothers learned Latin and Greek,argued

(C) Warren, resenting needlework being taught to herwhile her brothers learned Latin and Greek, sheargued(D) Warren, resenting how she was taught needleworkwhile her brothers learn Latin and Greek, hadargued

(E) Warren resented to be taught needlework whileher brothers learned Latin and Greek, arguing8. In the science textbook my granumother used in highschool it states that an atom cannot be split.

(A) In the science textbook my grandmother used inhigh school it states(B) In my grandmother's high school sciencetextbook they state(C) The science textbook my grandmother used inhigh school states(D) They state in the science textbook used by my

grandmother in high school that(E) When my grandmother was in high school, sheused a science textbook, it stated

5 5 59. At the beginning of the new school year, theadministration announced that all students' backpacksmust be kept in their lockers while attending clast(s.

(A) that all students' backpacks must be kept in theirlockers while attending classes(B) that all students attending classes, they must keeptheir backpacks in their lockers

(C) that all students must keep their backpacks in theirlockers while attending classes(D) that, while attending classes, all backpacks mustbe kept in students ' lockers

(E) that, while they attend classes, all their backpacksmust be kept in students' lockers10. Most of Henry Ford's methods have been sogenerally adopted and as a result people no

longer realize how original they were.(A) and as a result(B) and therefore(C) and(D) that(E) resulting in the fact that

11. The skills required for clothing design are much morecomplex than those involved in making customalterations.(A) those involved in making(B) those involved to make(C) to make(D) making(E) for making

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5 5 I12. When, in 1916, F.V. Colville and Elizabeth Whitedeveloped the first cultivated blueberry, they weremore durable than the native New Jersey beny and

could be sent to distant markets.(A) they were more durable than the native NewJersey berry and could be sent to distant markets(B) they could be sent to markets at a distance morethan the native New Jersey berry because theywere more durable

(C) being more durable than the native New Jerseyberry, they were able to be sent to distantmarkets

(0) they found it to be more durable than the nativeNew Jersey berry, it could be sent to distantmarkets(E) they found that it was more durable than the.native New Jersey berry and could be sent todistant markets

13. The long-awaited completion of the transcontinentalrailroad in May of 1869 is why the age of tourism tothe American West was ushered in.(A) The long-awaited completion of the trans-

continental railroad in May of 1869 is why theage of tourism to the American West wasushered in.(B) What ushered in the age of tourism to theAmerican West was that in May of 1869 theycompleted the long-awaited transcontinental

railroad.(C) The long-awaited completion of the trans-continental railroad in May of 1869 usheredin the age of tourism to the American West.(0) In May of 1869, the age of tourism to theAmerican West was ushered in, the reasonbeing their long-awaited completion of thetranscontinental railroad.(E) After completing the long-awaited trans-continental railroad in May of 1869, theage of tourism to the American West wasushered in.

5 5 514. Because of the prices they can fetch, bluefin tuna have

been overfished, and their North Atlantic breedingpopulations they estimate to decline by about 90percent since 1980.(A) they estimate to decline(B) they estimated to have declined(C) it is estimated that they have declined(0) are estimated to decline(E) are estimated to have declined

15. Singer and songwriter Harry Burleigh is noted in thehistory of twentieth-century American music for bothhis classical songs and his arrangements of spirituals.(A) music for both his classical songs and hisarrangements of(B) music, he wrote classical songs and he also

arranged(C) music for both classical songs and arranging(0) music, both for his classical songs and hisarranging(E) music, both because of his classical songs and hisarrangements of

16. Or. Seuss, whose 44 books have sold more than500 million copies, have made him probably thebest-selling children's author in history.(A) have made him(B) making him(C) and was thereby(0) is(E) are

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5 517. The British Factory Act of 1833 forbade employmentof children under the age of nine,only the textileindustries were affected.

(A) only the textile industries were affected(B) children not in textile industries not affected(C) only children in the textile industries wereaffected(D) but applying only to the textile industries(E) but the act applied only to the textile industries

18. New York's Lincoln Center. some say resembling ashopping mall for the performing arts, with its separateperformance halls for opera, theater, and instrumentalmusic.(A) Center, some say resembling(B) Center, some say, resembles(C) Center, said by some to resemble(D) Center, which some say resembles(E) Center, with its resemblance, some say, to

5 5 519. Since nearly all those accused in the 1692 Salem witchtrials were women, to discuss the trials withoutconsidering issues of gender is neglecting an aspect ofthe events that is important.

(A) is neglecting an aspect of the events that isimportant(B) is neglecting an important aspect of these events(C) is to neglect an important aspect of the events(D) will have been neglecting an important aspect ofthe events(E) would have been neglecting an important aspectof these events

20. Meteorites are of great interest to astrophysicists. sincethis is how they obtain information about the chemicalcomposition of early solar systems.(A) astrophysicists, since this is how theyobtain information(B) astrophysicists, who obtain from theminformation(C) astrophysicists because information is obtained bythem(D) astrophysicists; they obtain informationthis way(E) astrophysicists, which is how they obtaininformation

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5 5The following sentences test your ability to recognizegrammar and usage errors. Each sentence contains eithera single error or no error at all. No sentence contains morethan one error. The error, if there is one, is underlinedand lettered. Ifthe sentence contains an error, select theone underlined part that must be changed to make thesentence correct. If the sentence is correct, select choice E.In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standardwritten English.

EXAMPLE:The other delegates and him immediately

ABCaccepted the resolution drafted by the

Dneutral states. No errorE

21. Realizing that a delay could be beneficial ,A B

the director postponed the vote but

requested that the subcommittee continue

to meet until when the remaining issuesC

were satisfactorily resolved . No errorD E

22. Although the Phoenicians were among the bestA B

navigators of their time, as shipbuilders theyC

were not equal of the Egyptians. No errorD E

I 5 5 523. The mediator, having negotiated a final trade

Aagreement between the two rival nations, were

B Ccredited with helping to promote international

Dpeace. No error

E24. Not surprisingly, research shows that a fundamental

Adifference between an introvert and an extrovert

Bbeing that one enjoys being alone while the otherC D

enjoys being around people. No errorE

25. The Food and Drug Administration has overlooked the

dangers of some drugs that seemed perfectly safeA B

until long after they are in general use. No errorC D E

26. Although Charlotte Bronte enjoyed paintingA

as well as writing, she is more widely recognized asB

an author than as an artist. No errorC

D E

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5 5 527. Underneath. the baSemelltfioor lies the drainpipes

A Bthat were installed years ago by the original owner

C Dof the house. No error

E28. Although the' guest list is limited, for the most part ,

A Bto the immediate families, it will ~clude Mary and !,

Cold friends of boththe bride and the groom. No .error

D E29. Inc~easptgty, trial lawyers are callin~ on psy-

Achologiststo help them predict how particular

Bkinds of people will behave as a member of

C Da jury, ,No error

E

30. Plato and Aristotle. tallSiJ,t that the ideal humanA

being is the philosopher-the person of reason whoB

looked upon existence with detachment. No errorC D E

31. People are no more likely to become athleticA

by watching sporting events as they are to become ..B C

healthyby reading medical books. No erroro E

32. Until the train stopped at the station, neither theA

engineer nor the conductor were aware that oneB C

of the passengers had become ill.No errorD E

33. The economy suffered through a recession thatA

..was equal , ifnot worse than, the recession that hadB C

developed a decade before. No errorD E

34. T h e atmosphereat the Wimbledon tennis tournamentA

is far more sedate and traditional than the tournamentB

we saw. No error--._ . CD E

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5 5Directions: The following passage is an early draft of anessay. Some parts ofthe passage need to be rewritten.Read the passage and select the best answers for thequestions that follow. Some questions are about particularsentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improvesentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask youto consider organization and development. In choosinganswers, follow the requirements of standard writtenEnglish.Questions 3539 are based on the following passage.(1) The 1988 Teacher of the Year was Donna Oliver.

(2) She was both elated and critical as she accepted heraward. (3) She had her ceremony at the White House andthanked the President for an awe-inspiring experience.(4) She also challenged him to make education moreimportant.(5) She turned her energies to recruiting and training

African Americans as teachers. (6) Directing a teachertraining program, fifty-five students are supervised by herevery year. (7) "Unusual" is a word many people use todescribe her program. (8) Most student teachers teach rightaway, but not her students. (9) They spend about 120hours providing various services inthe classroom beforethey pick up the lesson plans and start to teach. (10) Notmany student teachers get to tutor children indifferentgrades. (11) Or take them to the lunchroom. (12) Ms.Oliver wants her student teachers to experience what itmeans to be a full-fledged teacher.(13) Because teachers need to understand the cultures oftheir students, Ms. Oliver's student teachers visit pupils athome. (14) She encourages teachers to study poetry byauthors with the same backgrounds as their pupils.35. The fact that Ms. Oliver was "critical" (sentence 2) isbest illustrated by

(A) sentence 1(B) sentence 3(C) sentence 4(D) sentence 5(E) sentence 14

5 536. In context, which of the following is the bestway to revise and combine sentences 3 and 4(reproduced below)?

She had her ceremony at the White House and thankedthe President for an awe-inspiring experience. She alsochallenged him to make education more important.(A) She had her ceremony at the White House, andthanked the President for an awe-inspiring

experience and then she also challenged him tomake education more important.(B) Thanking the President for an awe-inspiringexperience at the White House and shechallenged him to make education moreimportant.

(C) She had her ceremony at the White House, thereshe thanked the President for an awe-inspiringexperience but challenged him to makeeducation more important.(D) During a ceremony at the White House,challenging the President to make educationmore important while thanking him for the awe-inspiring experience.(E) At the White House ceremony, she thanked thePresident for an awe-inspiring experience andthen challenged him to make education moreimportant.

37. Which of the following should be added to thebeginning of sentence 5 to provide a transition from thefirst to the second paragraph?(A) After winning this significant award,(B) On the other hand,(C) Still, she wasn't finished with him yet;(D) She believed it is important for African

Americans to teach,(E) Itwas her dream to win this award,

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5 538. Which is the best version of sentence 6 (reproducedbelow) ?

Directing a teacher training program, fifty-fivestudents are supervised by her every year.(A) (As it is now)(B) Directing a teacher training program, there shesupervises fifty-five students every year.(C) Fifty-five students in a teacher training programare being supervised by her every year.(D) As director of a teacher training program, shesupervises fifty-five students every year.(E) Every year fifty-five students in her teachertraining program, which she directs, aresupervised.

5 5 539. Which of the following is the best way to revise andcombine sentences 10 and 11 (reproduced below) ?

Not many student teachers get to tutor children indifferent grades. Or take them to the lunchroom.(A) Not many student teachers get to tutor children indifferent grades while they take them to thelunchroom.(B) Not many student teachers tutor children indifferent grades; or take them to the lunchroom.(C) Not many student teachers get to tutor children indifferent grades or take them to the lunchroom.(D) Student teachers wanting to tutor children indifferent grades and to take them to thelunchroom.(E) Taking children to the lunchroom or tutoring themwhen they are in different grades is worthwhile

experiences for student teachers.



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psat 2006 - saturday

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