providing good nutrition chapter 10. practical considerations in planning nutritious meals cost...
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PROVIDING GOOD NUTRITION
Chapter 10
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Practical Considerations in Planning Nutritious Meals
• Cost
• Convenience
• Facilities
• Culture
• Children’s preferences
• Nutritional needs specific to each age group in care (infant/toddler/preschooler)
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INFANTS
• Grow faster than at any other time in life• Breastfeeding is nutritionally preferable
– Milk can be refrigerated or frozen– See Table 10.2
• Breastfeeding limitations:– If mother has a communicable disease– If mother is taking meds that can harm infant– If mother is substance abuser
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INFANTS, cont’d
• Bottle feeding– See Table 10.3
• Introducing solids– 4 - 6 months– Introduce small amounts of 1 food at a time and
wait about a week to see if allergies develop– See Table 10.4
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INFANTS, cont’d
• Introduce iron-fortified rice cereal, mixed with formula, as first “solid” food
• Then introduce pureed vegetables
• Then introduce pureed fruit
• Infants can eat egg yolks, but not whites
• See Tables 10.5 and 10.6
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TODDLERS
• Child’s search for autonomy affects eating
• Ellyn Satter’s guidelines:– 1. Adult controls what food comes into the
house and how it is prepared and presented– 2. Adult makes sure child comes to meals and
behaves. Adult controls times of meals & snacks.
– 3. Child controls whether & how much is eaten
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Toddlers, cont’d
• See Tables 10.8 & 9
• Toddlers are erratic eaters
• Choking foods must be avoided
• Milk: toddlers should not drink non-fat milk• Milk should be limited to 24 oz/day to avoid
“milk anemia”
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PRESCHOOLERS
• Prefer familiar foods
• Are influenced by media and friends– 50% of advertised foods are high-fat, high-
sugar, empty calorie snack foods
• Are also influenced by parents and teachers– Role mode– Help with selection and preparation
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SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN
• Many special needs children have nutritional needs that can be met in an inclusive daycare setting
• The Americans with Disabilities Act says we cannot deny special needs children if we can reasonably accommodate their needs
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EXERCISE
• Exercise is an important part of diet, and is included in the new US nutritional pyramid.
Children need adequate time for gross motor play each day
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IMPLICATIONS
• Nutritional education for staff and parents
• Role modeling for kids, staff, and parents
• Advocacy to help get low-income parents and staff into food programs (WIC)
• Cultural and economic sensitivity are important for influencing others