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PROPOSED BREEDING POLICY PROPOSED BREEDING POLICY FOR RURAL POULTRY FOR RURAL POULTRY

POULTRY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, RAWALPINDIPOULTRY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, RAWALPINDI

POULTRY STATUS IN PUNJAB POULTRY STATUS IN PUNJAB --20102010

Per Capita AvailabilityPer Capita Availability70.2070.20No.No.EggsEggs

396540396540(000 tons) (000 tons) Poultry Meat Poultry Meat

64656465(mill.)(mill.)EggsEggs

4.30 4.30 kgkgPoultry MeatPoultry Meat

34.6534.65(mill.)(mill.)Rural Poultry Population Rural Poultry Population 6.546.54(mill.)(mill.)Breeding StockBreeding Stock

333.81333.81(mill.)(mill.)Broiler Birds Produced Broiler Birds Produced 17.9317.93(mill.)(mill.)Layer Birds Produced Layer Birds Produced 345345(No.)(No.)Breeder FarmsBreeder Farms

1984619846(No.)(No.)Broiler FarmsBroiler Farms33563356(No.)(No.)Layer Farms Layer Farms 119119(No.)(No.)Feed mills Feed mills 123123(No.)(No.)HatcheriesHatcheries

CONTRIBUTION OF RURAL POULTRY IN PUNJAB

RURAL POULTRY POPULATION IN PUNJAB

0

2

4

6

8

10BAHAWALP

URD.G

.KHANFAISALA

BADGUJR

ANWALA

LAHORE

MULTAN

RAWALP

INDI

SARGODHAISLAMABAD

Division

Rur

al P

oultr

y Po

pula

tion

(Mill

ion)

66

FAYOUMI BREED- Origin: Egypt (Bigawi)- Imported in Pakistan in 1978 - Fairly small active chickens - Flighty- Weigh 1.6-2.0 kg - Pullets may start laying

-small -off-white eggs

- Quite long neck- Very high almost vertical tail carriage- Scavenging ability- Good livability- Adaptability to adverse hot humid climatic conditions

ASEEL BREED

• One of the principal ancestor of “Indian Game” originated in Cornwall.

• Resemblance to Cornish breed. • A handsome, sprightly and sharply bird with an upright

and majestic gait.• Long, strong and straight legs, short and broad breast,

straight back.• A strong tail root, little or no under-fluff on plumage, thick

and long neck.• Long and slender face without feathers, short beak, short

and small comb.• Absence of wattles. • Weight of a 2-year-old adult male between 3-4 kg.• A hen between 2-3 kg With 36-60 eggs laid per year.• It is on the verge of extinction and is presently limited only

to hobbyists and cock-fighters.

RHODE ISLAND RED(RIR) BREED

•Origin: Rhode Island., USA around 1895.•Developed from a wide variety of other breedsincluding Black Red Malay, Buff Cochin,Langshan, Hamburgh & Rose combedLeghorn.

•Excellent farm chicken, dual purpose breed.•Excellent layers of large brown eggs.•Egg production (180-250 eggs per year).•Known for their hardiness.•Cock 3.90 Kg, Hen 2.96 Kg.

DESI BREED

• “Desi” is a non-descript chicken.• Slow growth rate ( Adult male:1.40

kg; Female:1.32 kg).• Poor egg production (2.50 dozens /

bird) • Poor feed conversion efficiency

(14.73/dozen eggs)• Small egg size (44 gm/egg) and

broodiness.

PURPOSE OF REARING RURAL BREEDS

- As scavenger birds. - Feeding on the rural waste.- Partly helping in poverty alleviation

in the rural masses. - Biodegrading of the organic wastes

and cleaning the environment.- They have genes for survival under

harsh scavenging conditions of rural areas of Pakistan.

DISADVANTAGE OF RURAL POULTRY

- Low economic returns:- Low carcass weight.- Small egg size. - Very low egg production, - Late maturity - Broodiness.

INITIATIVE IN THE PAST RELATING TO BREED

DesiWhite Wyandotte

DesiNew hampshire (LSB)

WLHWhite Cornish

DesiFayoumi

Australorps

Barred Plymouth RockAseel

DesiFayoumi

Barred Plymouth Rock

DesiFayoumi

RIR

Female LineMale Line

DEVELOPMENT PROJECT “ SELECTION AND BREEDING OF INDIGENOUS POULTRY BREED

IN PUNJAB (1999-2003)”Comparative Performance (52 Weeks)

5.8211.32Av. Egg Mass (Kg)

4.0014.73Av. Feed Conversion (feed/dozen eggs)

7.4927.91Av. Feed conversion (feed/Kg eggs)

3.103.33Av. Mortality Rate (%)

44.5144.03Av. Egg weight (g)

43.6336.60Av. Feed Intake (Kg/hen)

10.902.50Av. Egg Prod. (dozen/hen)

Progeny-4Desi- ParentParameters

DEVELOPING HYBRIDIZED CHICKEN FOR RURAL POULTRY (2007-ONWARD)

STOCK SELECTION Three breeds, viz., Fayoumi, Rhode Island Red and White

Leghorn BREEDING PLAN

Cross A: 25 RIR ♂ x 200 FY ♀Cross B: 25 FY ♂ x 200 RIR ♀Cross C: 25 WLH ♂ x 200 line 1 ♀

The performance of F1 generation (females lines only) of these crosses were compared for traits of economic importance and from the two lines, the cross B performed better than the other,200 top most females with high yielding characters such as, sexual maturity, egg number, egg weight, egg mass, bodyweight and viability were selected from cross B. The selected female hens were designated as Line 1.

CROSS BRED BIRDS COMPARISON OF PARENTS & CROSSES

-198178142123Egg Production (No./hen)

FCR (per dozen of eggs)

Egg Weight (g)

Egg Production at 33th week (%)

Egg Production (%)

Sexual Maturity (days)

Body Weight (kg)Upto 20th week

Parameter

-5.025.45 4.645.76

46 (at 33rd week)

47.5476043

8870594533

-60544136

141149146142135

1.201.261.181.821.17

WLH ♂ x (FY x RIR) ♀

(Rural Leghorn)

FY ♂ xRIR ♀

RIR ♂ x FY ♀

RIRFY

ACTION PLAN

PRI/PPA

Backyard poultry industry to be encouraged for organic poultry egg & meat producers

PRI/NGO’s

Then distribution of Desi/Aseel birds in different villages to determination of performance in field conditions

PRI

To assess the performance of breeds in three years.

-Firstly, fix the traits & establish a nucleus flock of desi breed.- Establish a nucleus flock of Aseel breed.

Selection/Culling

Conservation of desi and Aseel breed

Action by

Target/Time frame

ProgramStrategyObjective

Contd….

PPAPrivate entrepreneurs to be for organic poultry farming for local & for export

PRI/NGOs

Performance in the first two years will determine the subsequent supply/grading up policy for an area

PRI/NGOs/District Govt.

One breed in a village to assess the performance & survival ability of different breeds

Distribution of new stock of imported FY/RIR for up grading of non-descript Desi Breed

Grading upImproving egg & meat production

Action byTarget/

Time frameProgramStrategyObjective

Contd….

PRI/UAF/NGOs

Performance in the first two years will determine the subsequent supply/grading up policy for an area

PRI/UAF

To assess the performance of breeds in three years.

Fix the traits of LSB & Rural Leghorn (RL) and establish a nucleus flock these breeds

Cross breeding

Development of Dual purpose breeds

Action by

Target/Time frame

ProgramStrategyObjective BOTTLE NECKS

Lack of human resource in the field of Poultry Breeding.

Strategy of the present Govt. to sale out the Govt. poultry farms.

RIR– needs to be replace with new imported flocks.

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