property rights and artisanal diamond development ii

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PROPERTY RIGHTS AND

ARTISANAL DIAMOND

DEVELOPMENT II (PRADD II)

QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT

(April—June 2017)

JULY 2017

This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for

International Development by Tetra Tech.

Prepared by Tetra Tech for the United States Agency for International Development,

USAID Contract No. AID-OAA-I-12-00032/AIDOAA-TO-13-00045, under the Strengthening Tenure and Resource Rights (STARR) Indefinite Quantity Contract (IQC).

This report was prepared by:

Tetra Tech

159 Bank Street, Suite 300

Burlington, Vermont 05401 USA

Telephone: (802) 495-0282

Fax: (802) 658-4247

E-Mail: [email protected]

Tetra Tech Contacts:

Mark S. Freudenberger, Senior Technical Advisor/Manager

Tel: (802) 495-0319 Email: [email protected]

Virginia Spell, Deputy Project Manager

Tel: 340-344-4644

Email: [email protected]

Cover Photo: PRADD II sub-contractor Indigo facilitating dialogue with a group of women on their perceptions of how diamond revenues are managed in their community (Photo John Bonoua May 2017).

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

PROPERTY RIGHTS AND ARTISANAL

DIAMOND DEVELOPMENT II (PRADD II) QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT

(April—June 2017)

JULY 2017

DISCLAIMER

The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the

United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government.

PROPERTY RIGHTS AND ARTISANAL DIAMOND DEVELOPMENT II: QUARTERLY REPORT APRIL—JUNE 2017)

I

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................... I

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................... III

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................. V

COTE D’IVOIRE.......................................................................................................................................V

Technical Accomplishments ..................................................................................................... v

Administrative Accomplishments........................................................................................... vi

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC....................................................................................................... VI

Technical Accomplishments .................................................................................................... vi

Administrative Accomplishments.......................................................................................... vii

GENERAL AND REGIONAL SUPPORT TO THE KIMBERLEY PROCESS ......................... VIII

Technical Accomplishments .................................................................................................. viii

1.0 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND ............................................................ 9

THE PRADD II APPROACH................................................................................................................. 9

2.0 CÔTE D’IVOIRE ................................................................................................... 13

2.1 ACTIVITY 1: PROPERTY RIGHTS CLARIFICATION AND FORMALIZATION .. 13

2.2 ACTIVITY 2: STRENGTHENING KPCS COMPLIANCE AND ASM

GOVERNANCE ........................................................................................................................ 15

2.3 ACTIVITY 3: SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ASDM

COMMUNITIES ........................................................................................................................ 17

2.4 ACTIVITY 4: CROSS-CUTTING ......................................................................................... 19

2.5 OPERATIONS AND STAFFING ..................................................................................... 22

3.0 CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC ....................................................................... 24

ACTIVITY 1.1. PROVIDE INSTITUTIONAL ANDTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO THE

CENTRAL AFRICAN AUTHORITIES INVOLVED IN THE IMPLEMENTATION

OF THE OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK OF THE KIMBERLEY PROCESS ............ 27

ACTIVITY 1.2. DEVELOP DATA COLLECTION METHODOLOGY AND A SYSTEM

FOR MANAGING PRODUCTION AND MARKETING DATA FOR THE

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK OF THE

KIMBERLEY PROCESS ............................................................................................................ 30

ACTIVITY 1.3. TRAIN AND SUPPORT MONITORING COMMITTEES AT THE

NATIONAL AND LOCAL LEVELS FOR THE PRESERVATION OF PEACE IN

COMPLIANT ZONES ............................................................................................................. 33

ACTIVITY 2.1. IDENTIFY AND SUPPORT THE ONGOING EVOLUTION OF THE

MINING SECTOR IN COMPLIANT ZONES IN ORDER TO CONTRIBUTE TO

THE RESTORATION OF PEACE AND SECURITY ....................................................... 36

1.1. MONITORING AND EVALUATION ................................................................................ 38

1.2. PRADD II STANDARD AND PROJECT INDICATORS ............................................... 38

PROPERTY RIGHTS AND ARTISANAL DIAMOND DEVELOPMENT II: QUARTERLY REPORT APRIL—JUNE 2017)

II

1.3. OPERATIONS AND STAFFING .......................................................................................... 39

4.0 GENERAL AND REGIONAL SUPPORT TO KPCS .......................................... 40

5.0 CROSS-CUTTING ACTIVITIES ......................................................................... 41

5.1 PARTNERSHIPS ............................................................................................................................... 41

5.2 GENDER STRATEGY DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION................................................ 41

5.3 MONITORING PRADD II PERFORMANCE .......................................................................... 42

5.4 IMPACT EVALUATION ................................................................................................................ 42

6.0 PROJECT SPECIFIC INDICATORS.................................................................... 43

7.0 ANNEX A: PROGRAM BRIEF UPDATE ................................................................ 51

8.0 ANNEX B: SNAP-SHOT .......................................................................................... 54

PROPERTY RIGHTS AND ARTISANAL DIAMOND DEVELOPMENT II: QUARTERLY REPORT (APRIL—JUNE 2017)

III

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AFD Agence Française de Développement

ASDM Artisanal and Small-scale Diamond Mining

ASM Artisanal and Small-scale Mining

BECDOR Bureau d'Evaluation et de Contrôle de Diamant et d'Or

CDH Le Centre pour le dialogue humanitaire

CGISM Centre de Gestion des Informations Géo-Scientifiques et des Statistiques Minières

CIONG-CA Conseil Inter-ONG en Centrafrique

COR Contracting Officer’s Representative

CSO Civil Society Organization

CVGFR Rural Land Management Village Committee

DCHA Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance

DGMG Direction générale des mines et de la géologie (Mining Directorate)

EITI Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative

ePORT electronic Program Observation Reporting and Tracking

ERC Evaluation, Research, and Communication Project

EU European Union

FOCDI Friends of Côte d’Ivoire

GIA Gemological Institute of America

GIS Geographic Information System(s)

GPS Global Positioning System

IcSP Instrument contributing to Stability and Peace

KP Kimberley Process

KPCS Kimberley Process Certification Scheme

LSM Large-Scale Mining

LTPR Land Tenure and Property Rights

MINUSCA Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic

MMEH Ministère des Mines, Energie, et Hydraulique (Central African Republic)

M&E Monitoring and Evaluation


IV

NGO Nongovernmental Organization

ODK Open Data Kit

OIPR Office ivoirien des parcs et réserves (Ivoirian national park service)

PMP Performance Monitoring Plan

QGIS A Free and Open Source Geographic Information System

PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal

PRADD II Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development II

PSKP Permanent Secretariat of the Kimberley Process

PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal

RRA Rapid Rural Appraisal

SPMP Service des pierres et métaux précieuses (Côte d’Ivoire)

SODEMI Société pour le Développement Minier (parastatal mining company in Côte d’Ivoire)

SOW Scope of Work

STA/M Senior Technical Advisor/Manager

TOR Terms of Reference

USAID United States Agency for International Development

USGS United States Geological Survey

WDDF Washington Declaration Diagnostic Framework


V

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development Project II (PRADD II), under Contract No.

AID-OAA-I-12-00032/AIDOAA-TO-13-00045, is implemented by Tetra Tech under the Strengthening

Tenure and Resource Rights (STARR) Indefinite Quantity Contract (IQC) and under the auspices of the

USAID Land Tenure and Resource Management Office. PRADD II in Côte d’Ivoire is jointly funded by

the European Union (EU) under the Instrument contributing to Stability and Peace (IcSP) managed by

the Service for Foreign Policy Instruments.1 The PRADD II project also receives funding for its work in

the Central African Republic from the Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance

(DCHA) and the USAID/DRC Mission. This Quarterly Report, covering the period from April – June

2017, summarizes activities carried out in Côte d’Ivoire, the Central African Republic, and Regional

Support to the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS). While PRADD II was previously present in Guinea, financial constraints led to a premature closure in July, 2016.

COTE D’IVOIRE

TECHNICAL ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Concluded data collection with SODEMI research team resulting in 408 auger holes (of which 107

intercepted diamondiferous gravel) and 48 test pits

Trained Tortiya municipal authorities in how to implement strategic development plans and how to

take into account gender in project planning

Completed the training of 30 mining cooperative focal points on behavioral change communication

for promoting KP awareness and adoption of SMARTER mining techniques

Completed the prototype for the miner education app on diamond evaluation

Established 15 SMARTER mining techniques demonstration sites and assisted miners employ the

techniques in 4 additional sites

Facilitated social dialogue on diamonds and village development through screenings and discussions

of the SODEMI model film translated into Koyaka

Completed the second phase of field trips by the gallery forest and Haut Bandama research teams

Acquired in-kind financing for entrepreneurs and concluded SPARK sub-contract with hand-over of

equipment and adoption of a mentorship roadmap for the implementation phase

Liaised with ASM regional conference organizers to finalize the report and identify next steps for

technical and political engagement

Assisted beekeepers harvest 850kg of honey and identify sales strategies adapted to their regions

Continued to draw attention to the urgent issues in the KP chain of custody while preventing its full

collapse through supporting SODEMI field presence and concrete field activities

1 The European Union Phase I funding contract no. IFS-RRM/2013/331-479 was completed on September 30, 2016. Phase II EU

funding under contract no. EU 2015-367-922 provides support to PRADD II through the end of the project in September,

2018.


VI

Participated in several meetings on rural land policy, including one hosted by the governance donor

coordination group, and contributed lessons learned from the delimitation process

Completed concept note for pilot effort to clarify and formalize land rights, and obtained feedback

from the government on the approach

Assisted women’s agricultural groups make compost, plant and harvest, formalize their groups and

improve their income-generating capacity (notably through solar water pumps and tricycles)

ADMINISTRATIVE ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Organized a donor and ambassador visit to Séguéla and Tortiya

Weathered a second military mutiny

Adapted to the resignation of two operational staff members

Completed a staff retreat

Navigated an uncertain budget environment

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC


Assisted in coordinating the establishment of an inter-ministerial commission on social cohesion and

peace building in the compliant zones.

Produced a training manual for utilizing the ID card units. This document is being used to train

governmental staff and interns who will be charged with operating the mining card production units.

Conducted a joint mission with the Ministry of Social Affairs and Reconciliation and the Ministry of

Mines in Berberati to brief local officials and local KP Monitoring Committees on the role and

function of Local Peace and Reconciliation Committees. The local KP Monitoring Committees

expressed a strong interest in establishing and coordinating with Peace Committees.

Convened a meeting of regional directors, prefectural leaders and USAF representatives to discuss

strategies to assure timely, accurate data collection as a part of KP requirements. A new model of

the purchase slip was validated by the participants.

The Component II coordinator trained members of the Local Monitoring committees and their

branches in the sub-prefectures of Berberati from April 22 -29. The committee members were

briefed on the Mining Code, traceability, compliance with the Kimberley Process, social cohesion,

advocacy, and conflict prevention strategies.

Launched a radio-based awareness raising campaign on peaceful coexistence between communities

in mining areas.

Reconfigured e-tablets with new data collection information.

Developed a Communications Strategy to increase awareness of PRADD II activities, raise general

awareness about KPCS requirements and increase adherence to these requirements.

Provided logistical support to ten PSKP interns to assure data collection in the compliant zones of

Berberati, Nola, Carnot, Gadzi, and Boda.


VII

Provided the DG of Mines with copies of production notebooks, a key tool for collecting

production data and ensuring traceability.

Supported the launch of the artisanal miners ID production units. Pilot efforts led to 21 artisanal

miners and 59 workers from Nola and Carnot receiving their miner ID cards.

Launched pilot communication and outreach campaigns in the Berberati region while also

georeferencing diamond mining sites.

The USAID PRADD II COR, USAID Land Resource Tenure & Property Rights Specialist, a

representative from the State Department delegation to the Kimberley Process, and the USAID

Responsible Minerals Trade Specialist undertook a week-long mission in the CAR. The team also

visited a mine site and buying house in Carnot.

Assisted the Kimberley Process Secretariat and the Director General to convene the first formal

meeting of the newly constituted KP National Monitoring Committee.

Supported the development of a MoU between the Ministry of Mines and the Ministry of Social

Cohesion and National Reconciliation to encourage the collaboration between Local Committees of

Peace and National Reconciliation and local KP Monitoring Committees in Berberati.

Launched the new production notebooks through a campaign to inform and sensitize administrative

and local authorities and training of key parties in filling out this register.

Developed a MoU with the Center for Humanitarian Dialogue (CDH) agreed on a schedule,

approach and methodology for training the Berberati Local KP Monitoring Committees on conflict

management, advocacy and local conventions. Training is scheduled to take place in late July 2017.

ADMINISTRATIVE ACCOMPLISHMENTS

The Annual Work Plan was revised with the support of the Project Manager and after discussions

with the COR in Bangui during the June field visit.

Drafted and validated a memorandum of collaboration on the management of PSKP interns who will

continue the data collection on mine sites and artisanal diamond production and increase awareness

of KP requirements.

Filing system drafted to serve as statistical databases for the GIS Center. This organizes data by

category, such as mining laborer, artisan mining, collectors, buying offices, cooperatives and mining

companies, production data, marketing data and export data.

An Administrative Assistant was recruited. He will support the Administration and Finance Specialist

between 20 to 24 hours per week.

The PRADD II Home Office team instituted changes to the financial and administrative system for the

PRADD II CAR program to speed up financial transfers.

PRADD II signed contracts for the lease of ten motorbikes that will be used to transport the PSKP

interns. Motorbikes are rented 2 or 3 times a week according to the weekly schedule of activities.

A contract was signed with a community radio station in Nola (Radio Nkuli Dunga) to broadcast a

weekly 30-minute programs entitled "Nagbata Magazine".

Microsoft networking was installed on the eight computers in the GIS room. Now all the computers

in the GIS room communicate and share files. Symantec Endpoint Protection has been installed on the

laptops of the PRADD II team and on the computers of the GIS room.


VIII

GENERAL AND REGIONAL SUPPORT TO THE KIMBERLEY PROCESS


The PRADD II team began discussions with the COR on how to present project advancements

through the Kimberley Process intercessional meetings scheduled for 2018.

No other KP related activities were carried out during the quarter though PRADD II in Côte

d’Ivoire monitors the work of the GIZ to support the Mano River Union initiatives.


9

1.0 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND

The USAID Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond

Development Project (PRADD II) supports governments

to implement mining best practices in Côte d’Ivoire and

previously in Guinea, and promotes good governance of

the mining sector at the international level through the

Kimberley process (KP), the international mechanism that

prevents rough diamonds from fueling conflict. The

program—a $19 million five-year joint USAID/European

Union initiative—is a follow-on project to PRADD II,

USAID’s former flagship mining project that was

implemented from 2007–2013 across the Central African

Republic, Guinea, and Liberia. PRADD II also received

funding from the Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and

Humanitarian Assistance (DCHA), and the USAID/DRC

Mission to support new activities in the Central African

Republic contributing to compliance with the KPCS, but

especially to peacebuilding and social cohesion in diamond mining communities in KPCS compliant zones.

The objective of PRADD II is to increase the number of

alluvial diamonds entering the formal chain of custody,

while improving the benefits accruing to diamond mining

communities. Artisanal miners labor under archaic and difficult working conditions and live in extreme

poverty, often receiving less than 9% of the retail price of the stones they extract. Poverty prevents

miners from acquiring the licenses required to operate within the law, the equipment necessary to

increase their gains, and the assets needed to diversify their livelihoods. Not surprisingly, miners often

become incentivized to mine quickly, sell fast, and rapidly move on to new sites. These practices have

devastating economic and environmental consequences, negatively impact export revenues, and prevent compliance with the Kimberley Process.

THE PRADD II APPROACH

Drawing upon the fields of property rights, economic development, governance, and behavioral

change, PRADD II bases its approach on the premise that secure property rights create positive

incentives for miners to be good stewards of the land. When artisanal miners’ rights to prospect and

dig for diamonds are formal and secure, they are more likely to sell through legal channels, enabling

the government to track the origin of diamonds and prevent them from fueling conflict. Clarification

and formalization of mining claims also helps to clarify the rules governing access, use, and transfer of

rights. This appeals to owners of the land, but also to prospective investors.

PRADD II further strengthens the diamond value chain by designing alternative systems of financing,

equipment, and marketing, which benefits diggers, miners, intermediaries, and exporters. The project

introduces complementary livelihoods, including the conversion of exhausted mining sites into

agricultural units, and specifically targets women to uptake these livelihoods in an effort to mitigate the

environmental damages of artisanal mining while providing diversified income and food security.

At the policy level, PRADD II supports governments to improve diamond mining legislation and

regulations. In 2013, the project produced the Washington Declaration Diagnostic Framework

Photo

by T

era

h D

eJo

ng

Figure 1: Artisanal diamond mining site in

Séguéla, Côte d’Ivoire—a PRADD II project

intervention area.


10

(WDDF), which helps diamond-producing states translate international best mining practices into

action. The Framework was endorsed by the Kimberley Process in November 2013. Finally, PRADD II

combines local, national, and international communication tools to mobilize civil society groups and

change the behavior of artisanal miners and decision makers regarding the trade of rough diamonds.

PRADD II’s goal is to use behavior change communication approaches to alter the way miners view

diamond trade and production—from a source of conflict to a powerful tool for development that will contribute positively to national economies, miners, and their communities.


11

Figure 2: Map of communities and activities in Séguéla project site


12

Figure 3: Map of communities and activities in Tortiya project site


13

2.0 CÔTE D’IVOIRE

2.1 ACTIVITY 1: PROPERTY RIGHTS CLARIFICATION AND

FORMALIZATION

General Observations: This quarter PRADD II completed

the first phase of the participatory diagnostic in Séguéla focusing

on four themes related to rural land use: the diamond economy,

non-diamond agricultural activities, land tenure arrangements

and the natural environment. The team uncovered new nuances

of these issues and more importantly began the process of

fostering community reflection on these long-term trends vital to

present and future well-being. PRADD II compiled results and is

finalizing a roadmap defining next steps. Meanwhile partner

Indigo conducted social dialogue exercises surrounding the

diamond economy (using the SODEMI model film as a discussion

tool) as well as gathering lessons learned for a documentary film

on the delimitation process. Indigo also supported dialogue on

the remaining boundary disputes, and PRADD II shared an

analysis and options note for the new Prefect. However, little concrete progress was made on the resolution of the disputes.

Sub-Activity Advancements Issues

Sub-Activity 1: Land

rights clarification and

formalization in

diamond mining areas

Completed a technical note for the

new Prefect analyzing causes of the

remaining boundary disputes and

identifying options for resolving them.

Completed a draft methodology for

pilot primary/secondary rights mapping

and clarification, and obtained feedback

from the Director of Rural Land. The

government supports PRADD II’s

initiative but only if framed clearly in

existing policy as a “pre-certification”

exercise that will lead eventually to

issuing land titles. Partner Indigo filmed

interviews with communities and

stakeholders on their impressions of

the delimitation process. The resulting

documentary film will capture and

convey lessons learned to benefit

national stakeholders and other

partners currently conducting

demarcation operations.

In villages with boundary disputes,

community discontent with the

demarcation process was expressed

to partner Indigo, as well as fears by

some leaders that the remaining

disputes could lead to violence. While

rumors of PRADD II ulterior motives

did not return following last quarter’s

efforts to quell them, the disputes still

present considerable risks to PRADD

II and the communities. PRADD II

emphasized these risks as well as

potential solutions in its technical note

for the new Prefect. PRADD II also

sensed hesitance from the Director of

Rural Land for testing anything too

outside the box of the 1998 land law.

This feedback helped PRADD II refine

the strategy to ensure it is properly

framed by the law while also

contributing to piloting new and practical methodologies.

Sub-Activity 2: Land-

use planning and

strategic development

In Tortiya, PRADD II completed the

training on project design and gender

mainstreaming for township authorities.

In Tortiya, PRADD II had hoped to

support the implementation of a

reforestation effort used as part of the

Photo

by K

one G

nie

inais

sig

ue Figure 5: Photo of gravel wash results

from a test pit near Bobi collected by

SODEMI agents with PRADD support.

Results have included many diamond sites

with rice farming ongoing, showing the

need for land-use planning to avert conflict

and optimize resource development.


14

planning in diamond

mining areas

The training was conducted by the

project gender consultant and a

government trainer whose jobs is to

support decentralized entities like

townships. In Séguéla the first phase of

the participatory diagnostic wrapped up

and a report was drafted. PRADD II

then wrote a roadmap for next steps of

the diagnostic for each of the four

themes. The land cover change maps

were also finalized after a ground

verification. The maps were useful

discussion tools during the

participatory diagnostics as they

demonstrated certain trends visually,

such as the rapid expansion of cacao

plantations in the western portions of diamond mining communities.

training of municipal authorities on

how to implement a strategic

development plan. However, the

technical approach identified by the

local forestry officials was too

expensive and not conceived with

sustainability in mind. PRADD II is

looking for appropriate technical

experts for a planned forest

regeneration effort in Séguéla and will

consider if the same experts can assist

in Tortiya. In Séguéla the land-use

planning process has gone well so far

but the flexible and iterative approach

risks creating unclear roles and

objectives. PRADD II is therefore

working to clearly define steps, roles

and deliverables for each theme for

the second phase of the exercise.

Sub-Activity 3:

Technical assistance for

national rural land

policy development and

implementation

PRADD II drafted its methodology for

the pilot land rights mapping exercise.

Based on feedback from the Director

of Rural Land, the project revised the

document so that it more closely aligns

with existing law and policy. The

activity will help ensure that lessons

learned are captured for the benefit of

other actors like the World Bank, who

are looking for scalable solutions to

pitch to the government. PRADD II

also worked to ensure that the

documentary film by Indigo is made in

such a way as to contribute to the

national policy development and

implementation by focusing on relevant

and practical lessons that can

contribute to other delimitation operations currently underway.

It seems that operationalizing the new

Rural Land Agency (AFOR) is delayed

by disputes over leadership and other

bureaucratic considerations.

Moreover, the World Bank and

government do not see eye-to-eye on

a number of crucial aspects of their

planned program, such as whether to

conduct certification initiatives in-

house or through contractors, or

whether to focus on certain

geographic areas first in the deployment of agency personnel.


15

2.2 ACTIVITY 2: STRENGTHENING KPCS COMPLIANCE AND ASM

GOVERNANCE

General Observations: The KP chain of custody took a turn

for the worse this quarter as evidenced by production and

export statistics showing both reduced activity but more

worryingly diamond transactions not being recorded. While

SODEMI’s field presence was more or less consistent due to

PRADD II logistical support, this unsustainable arrangement

masked deteriorating credibility of SODEMI in the eyes of

communities and diamond buyers. The KP Permanent

Secretariat for its part did not organize any meetings and the

country’s main diamond valuator and manager of statistics

passed away due to an illness, leaving a key gap. As PRADD II

moves into its final year, the project urged its donors and

diplomats to raise these issues at the highest level. While all is

not lost, the project continues to observe with concern a

sliding in the wrong direction. Similarly, with respect to ASM

policy as a whole, the project observed some positive

outcomes from the regional conference, including the organization by the government of a national

forum on their gold strategy. However, this has yet to translate into a new technical approach.


Sub-Activity 1:

KPCS compliance

capacity-building and

policy support

PRADD II helped avert a collapse of

the KPCS chain of custody by

facilitating SODEMI field presence and

implementing together confidence-

building measures with cooperatives,

such as activities like training on

SMARTER mining techniques,

identification of new zones and

evaluation training. In addition, PRADD

II noticed a shift in attitude by

SODEMI. Whereas in the past they

would never allow villagers to do

prospection, as they were not

“experts,” SODEMI’s field teams grew

to see the value of working at the same

level of miners, and even helped a few

teams use augers to identify and open

zones. In addition, PRADD II

successfully identified and trained 30

cooperative focal points who began

work on KP and mining law

sensitization and encouraging miners to

adopt SMARTER mining techniques.

While the focal points were not in

place quickly enough to have a large

While PRADD II did not allow the

deteriorating health of the KP chain of

custody to prevent positive action, there

was no way to circumvent the mounting

frustrations. The crisis set off a year ago

by SODEMI’s forced closure of a

kimberlitic mining site has only gotten

worse. The two main mining villages of

Bobi and Diarabana defied authorities by

allowing illicit mining and stopping to

record production. The KP Permanent

Secretary again visited the field, and

announced the restoration of confiscated

gravel, but the villages insisted that

SODEMI should allow villages to work on

kimberlitic deposits as promises by the

company of industrial production are

nowhere near becoming reality.

Meanwhile the lack of active sites has

meant few workers and low production,

frustrating diamond buyers. In Abidjan an

untimely death of the government’s main

statistics and valuation expert made more

complicated PRADD II’s efforts to

improve data management. Finally, while

Photo

by J

ohn B

onoua

Figure 7: PRADD II partner Indigo

organized a viewing and discussion of the

SODEMI model film. The exercise showed

limited understanding of the cooperative

model by the full village, notably women.


16


impact, when a new season begins at

the end of the year they will be ready.

the Minister approved the 1-year budget

for SODEMI, it is caught up in politics and

red tape, and may never be available. In

its final year the list of priorities are long,

but foremost for PRADD II will be to

help plan for all contingencies, including

the withdrawal of SODEMI’s presence. In

addition, a well-planned and well-

organized mining season in 2018 could

also change the dynamic considerably. As

such PRADD II remains optimistic for

renewed progress later in the year, though the situation is still sobering.

Sub-Activity 2:

ASM capacity-

building and policy

development support

PRADD II continued its engagement

with diplomats and technical partners

on the overall ASM policy space. The

project successfully passed the

coordinating lead to the GIZ GRSE

project, while remaining involved in

strategizing. In anticipation of an EU

ASM gold project, partners are

working together with the Group of

Friends to leverage the regional ASM

conference and create the conditions

for high-level buy-in. PRADD II also

observed some positive effects of the

regional conference, including the

organization by the government of a

national forum on ASM gold which for

the first time included a wide array of

actors including industrial mining

operators. As the regional conference

emphasized the need for multi-

stakeholder collaboration, this

development was encouraging. Finally,

PRADD II met with the head of the

GIS center at a national university on

the possibility of transferring the

remote sensing monitoring

methodology to an academic entity.

Despite some positive signs, it appears

unlikely that the current failed ASM gold

strategy will be substantively re-written.

The national forum on ASM gold, for

example, did not address crucial

weaknesses in the strategy such as an

overemphasis on forceful repression of

miners and the lack of engagement with

buyers/financiers. Moreover, PRADD II

and GIZ were excluded from the forum,

showing the Ministry’s lack of interest in

mobilizing outside expertise. PRADD II is

nevertheless heartened as the project

nears its end by the ways in which its

years of engagement are paying off with

GIZ and EU set to continue efforts in the

years to come, and more and more

actors aware of the good practices from the diamond sector.


17

In terms of diamond statistics, Table 2 below presents the latest data provided by the government.

There have been no diamond exports since February or new production statistics since January. The

exports issue is due to low production and absence of the only active exporter from the country. The

production statistics issue is due to the SODEMI crisis, dysfunctions at the Department of Mines and SODEMI, among other factors. The breakdown in the chain of custody is on clear display.

Table 1: PRADD II Côte d'Ivoire Statistics on Rough Diamond Production and Exports

2.3 ACTIVITY 3: SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ASDM

COMMUNITIES

General Observations: This quarter ASDM supply chain

support activities continued to be a big focus, with the

completion of 15 SMARTER mining techniques

demonstration sites and progress in identifying new

appropriate ASM zones. These actions played a key role in

preventing a complete breakdown in the relationship

between SODEMI and communities. Meanwhile, livelihoods

activities continued to move forward, notably with the

completion of acquisition of in-kind financing for

entrepreneurs and the handover of solar pumps and tricycles

to select women’s agricultural groups. In Séguéla sub-

contractor ARK also began support to farmers raising

livestock and completed a series of capacity-building

exercises with the women’s groups. Finally, the biodiversity teams finished the second part of their diagnostics.

2 Based on average exchange rates for the reported time period.

3 Only includes data from January 2017, the last month for which data is available.

Period Diamonds

Produced (Stones)

Diamonds

Produced (Carats)

Price

per

Carat (USD)2

Diamonds

Exported (Carats)

Price

Per

Carat (USD)

%

Production

Price of

Export Value

%

Production

of Exports

Volume

2013 725 600 $133.46 0 N/A N/A N/A

2014 1320 950 $83.88 0 N/A N/A N/A

2015 24,728 9,250 $60.06 13,936 $148.70 40% 64%

2016 34,804 15,796 $43.80 24,664 $198.61 22% 64%

2017 Q13 600 367 $9.08 5,400 $181.28 5% 7%

2017 Q2 N/A N/A N/A 0 N/A N/A N/A

Photo

by G

his

lain

Eza

Figure 8: Ceremony in Séguéla for

handover of in-kind financing to

entrepreneurs.


18


Sub-Activity 1:

Sustainable development

of the ASDM value chain

PRADD II, mining cooperative focal

points, and SODEMI agents

completed 15 SMARTER mining

techniques demonstration sites, one

for each cooperative. In addition,

focal points supported 4 regular

mining groups adopt the techniques.

Subcontractor Qelasy completed

the prototype of the educational app

for miners on diamond evaluation

and SMARTER mining techniques.

PRADD II made tables for all

cooperatives to use with valuation

equipment offered last quarter.

Meanwhile PRADD II supported

SODEMI’s use of USGS research in

a campaign to identify new diamond

mining sites using auger holes and

test pits. By the end of June over

409 auger holes were sampled, and

preparations were underway to

present results to communities and

buyers. Finally, the diamond gravel

washing unit arrived in Côte d’Ivoire

but not in time for this season.

Testing will nevertheless be undertaken next quarter.

Despite a high level of fieldwork,

PRADD II fell slightly behind on certain

activities, such as the test of the Qelasy

app (pushed back to next quarter) and

the rollout of the diamond gravel

washing and sorting machine (delayed

due to shipping issues with the supplier).

In addition, while the cooperative focal

points have a strong grasp of the

SMARTER mining techniques, and

financers were made aware of them

during a tour of demonstration sites,

much work remains to get the practices

adopted widely. The next mining season

will prove vital to complete these

activities and ensure their sustainability.

PRADD II intends to spend several

months later in the year planning for the

next season so as not to lose any time

when mining picks up again in January 2018.

Sub-Activity 2:

Livelihood diversification

and sustainable

development in ASDM

communities

Completed the acquisition and

handover of in-kind financing for

those entrepreneurs who were

ready to begin their activities. In

addition, worked with Spark to

develop a roadmap for next steps

on follow-through with the

entrepreneurs. On beekeeping,

PRADD II assisted in the harvest of

850 kilos of honey, with a second

harvest set for next quarter. In

Séguéla all honey was sold, and in

Tortiya the nascent cooperative

held onto its stock while waiting for

a better price. The project worked

on data quality for the cashew

impact study, and assisted the fish

farmers in Dona to complete two

ponds. The project also handed over

solar water pumps to women’s

agricultural groups as well as diesel

The Séguéla team-leader of sub-

contractor ARK was changed after

problems with his performance. The

new team-leader quickly worked with

his team of experts and extension agents

to catch up, completing trainings,

working on formalizing certain groups

and assisting a select group of animal

farmers, as per their contract.


19


water pumps and motorized

tricycles. The subcontractors also

worked hard on capacity-building

and assisting some groups start a

savings and loan scheme.

Sub-Activity 3:

Biodiversity conservation

Both the Haut Bandama Reserve and

Séguéla gallery forest teams

completed the second part of their

initial field diagnostic. The gallery

forest team presented their results

to PRADD II which confirmed the

existence of high-value ecosystems

along rivers affected by diamond

mining. The team will propose a

series of actions and discuss them in

community forums that will form

part of the environment theme of

the land-use planning process. The

Haut Bandama team completed its

report but due to scheduling

constraints the presentation was

pushed back to mid-July.

As noted the Haut Bandama team has

been slower than the gallery forest team

in presenting final results due to

scheduling issues. PRADD II also

grappled with determining realistic and

desirable actions in the remaining time

of the project, concluding that it makes

the most sense to focus on the gallery

forests around Séguéla rather than the

national park.

2.4 ACTIVITY 4: CROSS-CUTTING

General Observations: This quarter the project devoted

considerable time preparing for a high-level donor field visit,

which included a tour of Séguéla sites by the US Chargé

d’Affaires, the UK Ambassador and an EU Delegation official.

At the same time PRADD II received its annual visit by USAID

which covered both Séguéla and Tortiya. The visits helped

showcase progress and difficulties. In addition, PRADD II

continued monthly newsletters and actively managed its

Facebook page, which now has over 500 followers. The

project organized its second staff retreat of the year, and also continued routine GIS and M&E activities.

Figure 9: The donor and ambassador

visit at a sales demonstration in Bobi.

Photo

by K

im K

im Y

ee


20


Sub-Activity 1:

Institutional communication

Organized a high-profile donor and

diplomatic visit, using the opportunity

to communicate key messages to local

stakeholders, notably the need to take

advantage of the project’s final year.

The trip also helped lay to rest any

lingering suspicions of ulterior motives.

Meanwhile, PRADD II produced three

more newsletters for local

stakeholders. The social media

consultant continued to manage the

project’s Facebook page which now has

over 500 followers. One video

garnered over 4,000 views.

No issues to report.

Sub-Activity 2:

Monitoring and evaluation

Continued routine data quality

monitoring for both PMP and

supplemental indicators and data.

Prepared for the annual survey of

miners’ knowledge-attitudes-practices

(KAP) scheduled for early next quarter.

Held a work session with the USAID

COR to discuss the status of all PMP

indicators with a year remaining for the most intensive activity implementation.

No issues to report with respect to

project indicators, except the possible

need for a contract modification due

to certain deliverables that will not be

met as a result of changed

circumstances, like the number of

targeted diamond mining communities

for demarcation. In addition, PRADD

II still has concerns about the quality

of production data provided by the KP

Secretariat due to likely fraud. Plans to

organize a training and comprehensive

review fell through due to scheduling

issues and then the passing of the main statistics manager.

Sub-Activity 3: Gender

The gender consultant traveled to

Tortiya and co-led a training for

municipal authorities on how to

implement gender-sensitive projects

based on the overall strategic

development plan.


Sub-Activity 4:

Geographic

information systems

(GIS)

PRADD II integrated the latest data

from the SODEMI research

collaboration, and also obtained access

to historic data held by SODEMI

regarding the Séguéla concession. The

GIS Coordinator completed the

analysis of active mining sites using a

2017 image and prepared for a ground

verification early next quarter. As

noted PRADD II strategized on how to



21

pass along this methodology to other partners before the end of the project.

Sub-Activity 5:

Work-planning and

stakeholder

consultations

PRADD II held its second staff retreat

of the year in June. The next and final

retreat for the year will be held in

September or October. As usual the

retreat was vital in building

collaboration across the three offices

and updating the dynamic list of

activities and priorities for the quarter.

Meanwhile PRADD II also completed

its annual work plan to submit to

USAID.

PRADD II’s annual work plan, set for

submission in April, was delayed due

to uncertainty about funding levels.

With sufficient funding for the last

year now secured, the team

completed its proposed annual work

plan which will run through the end of

the contract in September 2018. The

team also continued consultations

with its government counterparts on

activities and will formally present it to

the KP Permanent Secretariat early next quarter.


22

2.5 OPERATIONS AND STAFFING

General Observations: PRADD II operations functioned well despite some major challenges this

quarter, namely, the near simultaneous and abrupt resignations of the Operations Manager and

Séguéla Logistician-Administrator. With less than 10 days’ notice, the project had no time for

recruitment and training of replacements. PRADD II managed by involving the Finance Director in

administrative tasks, and increasing the volume of work of other operational staff. By the end of the

quarter replacements were identified, but the two months of short staffing led to high stress levels for

a number of employees. Otherwise operations were mostly smooth with the exception of a second

wave of military mutinies in May that resulted in a week of disruption.


General

Administrative

and Financial Management

PRADD II operations functioned despite

the loss of two key personnel members,

affecting in particular the Abidjan and

Séguéla offices. Accomplishments

included the acquisition of equipment

for women’s groups and the

entrepreneurs. In addition, PRADD II

remained on target in its budget

projections and worked hard to prepare

for all scenarios during a period of funding level uncertainty.

In May a second military mutiny erupted when

the government reneged on its promises to

pay. The situation was more dangerous than in

January due to an initial hardline position by

the government including a threat of force,

and then the seizure of an undeclared arms

stockpile by the mutineers in Bouake. PRADD

II’s office in Abidjan was closed for a day due

to heavy gunfire in the city, and all field

missions canceled for a week. While the

situation quickly returned to normal following

the government’s decision to pay off the

disgruntled soldiers, the situation rattled

nerves and underscored the risks that remain in Côte d’Ivoire despite general stability.

Personnel and

Sub-

Contractor Management

PRADD II personnel continued to

perform well overall. Sub-contractor

management was also satisfactory with

the conclusion this quarter of the Spark and Apinome sub-contracts.

The Operations Manager (Abidjan) and

Logistician-Administrator (Séguéla) resigned

without advance notice. Recruitment was

launched but replacement candidates not

identified until the very end of the quarter,

resulting in a gap of several months in these

crucial positions. This led to an increase in

stress on other operational staff during a busy

period.


23

Table 2: PRADD II Côte d’Ivoire Staffing List

Employee Title Location

1. DeJong Terah Country Director Abidjan

2. Jiekak Sabine Deputy Country Director Abidjan

3. Aboubakar Kouadio Coulibaly Séguéla Office Manager Abidjan

4. Akowendo Emmanuel Finance Director Abidjan

5. Bakayoko Brahima Governance and Institutional Relationships Coordinator

Abidjan

6. TBD Operations Manager Abidjan

7. Traore Melinda Operations Assistant Abidjan

8. Konda Mahamadi Driver Abidjan

9. Kouakou Faustin Driver Séguéla

10. Bonoua John Land Activities Manager Séguéla

11. Adou Carlos Field Agent Séguéla

12. Diby Hugues GIS Specialist Abidjan

13. Kouassi Alex Community Livelihoods Coordinator

Séguéla

14. Achi Chantal Field Agent Seguela

15. Meite Younissa Field Agent Tortiya

16. Koffi Honorine Field Agent Séguéla

17. Goli Patrice Financial Assistant Séguéla

18. Kpan Emile Tortiya Office Manager Tortiya

19. Kananin Nadège Office Assistant Tortiya

20. Sanou Marcelle M&E Coordinator Abidjan

21. TBD Logistician-Administrator Séguéla


24

3.0 CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

Figure 11. Map of Central African Republic


25

Figure 12. Mining Map of Central African Republic. Source: GIS Course Students


26

Figure 13: Georeferenced Mining Sites by PRADD II Focal Points in Berberati


27

ACTIVITY 1.1. PROVIDE INSTITUTIONAL ANDTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO THE

CENTRAL AFRICAN AUTHORITIES INVOLVED IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF

THE OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK OF THE KIMBERLEY PROCESS

General Observations

The Ministry of Mines staff restructuring finally unfolded

during this quarter. Several changes occurred in the

leadership of the Ministry of Mines, including key PRADD II

counterparts. Mr. Sylvain Marius N'Gbatouka, the Director

General of Mines, was promoted to “Chargé de Mission en

Matière des Mines." The new Director General is Mr. Thierry

Feikeram, who is quite familiar with PRADD II and various

governmental counterparts in the artisanal mining sector.

Mr. François Alain N'Gbokoto is likely to continue in his

role as PSKP for some time, but will simultaneously serve as

the Petroleum Inspecteur. Rumors abound that he may be

replaced sometime during the next quarter.

The USAID PRADD II COR, the Land Resource Tenure and

Property Rights Specialist, a member of the KPCS US

Delegation from the State Department, and the USAID

Responsible Minerals Trade Specialist undertook a week-long mission in the CAR. Together with the

PRADD II Project Manager, the team met with the DG of Mines, the PSKP, the Director of the Mining

Services cabinet, representatives of the Ministry of Social Affairs and National Reconciliation, the

Norwegian Refugee Council, the Center for Humanitarian Dialogue, and the World Bank. The team

visited a mine site and buying house in Carnot. A meeting was held with the US Embassy Chargé

d'Affaires, a working meeting occurred with the Minister of Mines, and meetings were set up with the

DG of Mines and Kimberley Process Secretariat. While the discussions ranged widely throughout the

week, it was focused in good part on the constraints encountered in transmission of KPCS required data

on diamond production and commercialization from compliant zones. The USAID/State

Department/PRADD II team compared notes with the World Bank mission in town looking at the

development of a new mining project. Concerns about poor governance and limited institutional capacity within the ministries were noted.

Tasks Advancements Issues

Task 1.1.1:

Development and

strengthening of

institutional and

technical capacity of

the Geographical

Information System

Unit of the Ministry

The Kimberley Process Secretariat

issued an administrative order to place

the GIS trainees Feidangaye

(Géomaticienne), Cedric Kaegonza

(Statistician) and Gonzale Vanessa

Samira (Computer Science) under its

supervision. PRADD II will contribute

continued financial and technical

The Ministry continues to encounter

difficulties in obtaining the necessary

staff for the CGISM due to financial

constraints within the government.

The absence of a person responsible

for the GIS unit does not allow this

structure to function normally.

Hopefully, in the months to come,

Figure 10: USAID, State Department

and PRADD II delegation to Carnot field

visit.

Ph

oto

by M

ark

Fre

ud

en

be

rge

r


28


of Mines and

Geology

support to these trainees for a period

of six months from 1 June to 30 November 2017.

the government will find the

resources to hire these individuals trained and mentored by PRADD II.

While a Decree for the Appointment

of new staff to the Ministry of Mines

was finalized by the Minister and sent

to the Prime Minister's Office for

input, if approved, this would include

a director for the GIS unit. It is

unclear whether or when this decree

will be signed by the President of the CAR.

Task 1.1.2:

Digitization of

historical data on

diamond marketing

for the period 2006 to 2015

Diamond production data from 2006 to

2015 has been entered and safely

stored on computers in the GIS lab at

the Ministry of Mines. All data has been

digitized and analyzed.

Completed.

Task 1.1.3:

Support the

institutionalization

of the CAR

Permanent

Secretariat of the Kimberley Process

The PRADD II project is developing an

Information Guide on the

implementation of the Kimberley

Process Operational Framework in the

compliant areas. This information and

awareness-raising document will be

used by members of the local

committees of Gadzi, Carnot,

Berberati, Boda and Nola to better

grasp new diamond export

requirements in compliant areas and to

speak to mining stakeholders during the

awareness raising campaigns. The

guide also aims to publicize the

operational framework for the

resumption of exports of rough

diamonds from the Central African

Republic to civil society and other

interested parties.

The pressure raised by the KP

Monitoring Team over internal

controls, data provision and

documentation for exports led to

some changes. The KP Working

Group now requires monthly updates

on the status of newly registered

mining actors, mining licenses issued,

and production statistics collected.

Furthermore, the Monitoring Team

requested that “buying houses record

artisans in an identifiable way” on the

diamond sales slips and that the CAR

government provide monthly point of sale data.

The PRADD II team is doing what it

can to support the PSKP as it

addresses concerns raised by the KP

Monitoring Team. The establishment

of ID production units supported by

PRADD II funds will help meet the

requirement for identifying the artisanal miners.


29


Task 1.1.4: Define

a strategy to expand

the Compliance

Zone in the Eastern

part of the Central African Republic

The Ministry of Mines continues to

place pressure on PRADD II to define a

strategy for KPCS compliance in the

eastern part of the country.

Unfortunately, the security situation

has become worse and access is nearly impossible.

PRADD II will not prepare a strategy

statement until the security situation

improves and access becomes

unencumbered to mining sits. This

may not happen for a long time.

Rather than delete this task, PRADD

II is adopting a wait-and-see stance so as not to antagonize its partners.

Task 1.1.5: Design

and set up a pilot

database with new

technologies (Smart Phone, e-tablet)

At the request of the DG of Mines, the

E-tablets were reconfigured with new

data collection information. Electronic

forms should will now allow production

data to be disaggregated by source:

mining companies, mining cooperatives

and/or artisanal miners. Marketing and

transfer data must now also include the

number of diamonds disaggregated by

weight (less than or more than 4 carats).

Difficulties in accessing the Internet at

all times both in Bangui and the

regions hinders somewhat use of this

new technology. Prefecturial Ministry

of Mines agents are not enthused to

use Etablets because it may constrain

their abilities to doctor data. Since a

statistical paper trail is also required

by the KP Monitoring team, it will be

interesting to observe whether

discrepancies will emerge between the two data sets.

Task 1.1.6: Define

strategies to

support Local

Monitoring

Committees (sub-prefecture level)

The Component II coordinator

facilitated the development of action

plans detailing strategies for the sub-

prefectural Local Monitoring

Committees (Antennes Locales de

Suivi). A training plan on the KP

Operational Framework for the

Antennes Locales de Suivi has been

developed. The training will be led by Dr. Zephirin Mogba.

The good news for the quarter was

the convening of a meeting with the

new National Monitoring Committee

in June in the presence of the USAID

delegation. Hopefully, this new

committee will be more engaged than the previous configuration.

Task 1.1.7:

Sensitization and

Training of

Collectors and

Artisanal Miners on

Procedures and

Filling out the

required Books

(vouchers and

production notebook)

The DG of Mines distributed the new

production registers in all compliant

zones. The new format of the

production records for diamond pit

owners and cooperatives were

designed by PRADD II and the original

stock purchased by the project.

Revenue from sales of these production

notebooks will be deposited in a

ministry account and then be used to

buy a new stock by the ministry itself.

This is a major accomplishment for

PRADD II. The production registers

were in need of revision. Now, the

project hopes that the fund for

replenishment of the production

notebooks will work.


30


A training module on the procedures

for filling the production registers of

artisanal miners, mining companies and

cooperatives is being drafted. This

module will be used by the interns, the

PSKP, Prefectural Heads of Department

and the Regional Director of Mines to

train artisanal miners and other

players. However, the datasheet will

serve as a dashboard during training

and awareness by Focal Points /PSKP.

Task 1.1.8: Set up

Units within the

Directorates and

Offices of Mines at

the Prefectures to

issue ID cards to

Artisanal Miners and Diggers

A User's Guide and a Procedures

Manual were finalized to guide

prefecture-level mining offices as they

produce ID cards for miners. The

manual of procedures defines how to

maintain these devices and outlines

responsibilities.

The establishment of the small

production units of mining workers'

cards met with the approval of the

mining actors. These units will solve the

photo card problem that often arises

among artisans in provinces that do not

have access to the studios that publish

these maps and facilitate the creation of

a database and tracking of mining

craftsmen. There was a tremendous

enthusiasm among mining workers. Itt

is estimated that more than 230 mining

workers have subscribed to their cards

from the new system.

Lack of full commitment by some

mining department staff who are not

utilizing the kit. Hopefully, the new

DG and the ex-DG, now the Chargé

de Mission will impose the usage of

these kits.

ACTIVITY 1.2. DEVELOP DATA COLLECTION METHODOLOGY AND A SYSTEM FOR

MANAGING PRODUCTION AND MARKETING DATA FOR THE

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK OF THE

KIMBERLEY PROCESS


PRADD II, the PSKP and the DG co-convened a key meeting of regional directors, prefectural leaders

and USAF representatives. Issues discussed included: addressing purchase slip-related issues, including

increasing collector’s compliance with sequencing of serial numbers; properly recording transactions


31

between two or more collectors; avoiding duplicate recording; addressing general errors in filling out the slips. At the end of this meeting, a new model of the purchase slip was validated by the participants.


Task1.2.1:Improve the

management of production and

marketing data for the Compliant Zones

Trainings were held on: (1)

Using Photo Card Production

Kits of diamond pit owners. 28

persons were trained (MoM,

USAF, & Interns). 10 Focal

Points / SPPK were trained in

geo-referencing data collection.

The total number of diamonds

recorded this quarter was 82,

with a total weight of 61.65

carats.

The Director General of Mines

requested that the PRADD II

printed 500 copies of the new

booklet so that it could send

them to all compliance areas.


will officially distribute next

quarter the new Production

Notebooks in sub-prefectures

of Berberati, Nola and

Boda. The launch entails a

campaign to inform and

sensitize administrative and

local authorities and training of

key parties in filling this register.

PRADD II is discovering that

artisanal miner pit owners often

hesitate to register diamond

production information because

they fear illegal predatory

actions by the USAF and

regional ministry of mines

officials. When these officials

learn that an artisanal miner has

gained from the sale of

diamonds, they often exact

special payments. PRADD II has

informed the Director General

of Mines and other mining

authorities. The Ministry of

Mines is frustrated because they

have no authority over the

USAF.

Task 1.2.3: Geo-reference the

ASM sites at the Proposed Compliant Zones

This past quarter 377 sites were

georeferenced, among which two belong to women.

The PRADD II project drafted

and validated a memorandum of

collaboration on the

management of interns Focal

Points who will continue the

data collection on mine sites

and artisanal diamond

production and increase

awareness of KP requirements.

These interns replace and carry

forward the work carried out

by four Focal Points. The

preference of the Ministry of

Mines is to hire recent

graduates to fulfill these roles,

It has proven impossible for the

PSKP to monitor the work of

the trainees on the ground.

They are perceived as the

agents of the PRADD II project

and not as PSKP interns. Part of

the problem is that the PSKP is

not responsive to the needs of

the interns, such as providing

them with promised equipment

(boots and a GPS). The PRADD

II team covers per diem costs

and thus this changes the

dynamic with the trainees.

These issues are of paramount concern to the PRADD II team.


32


with the intention of ultimately

integrating them into the mining

service. The interns are under

the administrative responsibility

of the Ministry of Mines and the

PSKP and will work closely with the Regional Directors of Mines.

Task 1.2.4: Update the mining

cadaster of the Proposed

Compliant zones to clarify their

impacts on the dynamics of the current artisanal mining

The DG of Mines intended to

develop the terms of reference

for the creation of mining

cadastre. The intention of

PRADD II is not to carry out a

mining cadastre, but to

encourage through technical

advice the creation of such a

system. The PRADD II team is

proposing that the cadastre be

set up by the World Bank

project.


still needs to prepare the draft

Scope of Work and request of

PRADD II specific technical assistance.

PRADD II proposes that the

mining cadastre include the

georeferenced ASM sites of

both the present and the

precursor project and also in

relation to large-scale mining

permits that might be

superimposed.

Task 1.2.5: Assess the

feasibility of establishing

decentralized property rights

and diamond production registries in Carnot

This activity is cancelled because

of lack of support from the

Ministry of Mines. The intent

was to replicate a system

somewhat like the SODEMI

model in Côte d’Ivoire, but local

capacity is limited, but also, the

time to pilot such an activity.

The concept was not well

conceived by either the Ministry

of Mines or PRADD II. While in

theory a good idea, discussions

with the World Bank showed

little interest as well. Timing is not right to pursue this idea.

Task 1.2.6: Develop a

communication strategy on

diamonds for peace and for

development as advocated by

the CAR KP Permanent Secretariat

PRADD II project produced its

provisional Communication

Strategy. The strategy is

comprised of three axes: 1)

institutional communication

aimed at governmental and non-

governmental partners to

increase awareness of PRADD

II activities; 2) mass

communication to raise general

awareness about the KP

requirements and 3) targeted

outreach for communities to

increase adherence to KP requirements.


33


Task 1.2.7: Organize

Information, Education, and

Communication campaigns for behavior change

The PSKP interns trained 743

persons, including 25 women in

Berberati, Carnot, Gadzi, Nola,

Boda on the KP process and on

social cohesion. Participants

included miners and community members.

A contract was signed with a

community radio station in Nola

(Radio Nkuli Dunga) to

broadcast a weekly 30-minute

programs entitled "Nagbata

Magazine". The radio programs

cover the development of

mining communities and

peaceful coexistence between communities in mining areas.

The Nagbata Magazine program

runs every Friday from 6pm to

6.30pm and is co-facilitated by

Radio journalist Mariette Mowé

and Jean-Baptiste Pissinga, Head

of the Prefectural Department

of Mines, who answers questions from listeners.

In the CAR, radio remains by

far the most popular and

accessible means of

communication, especially in

mining areas. These include the

peaceful return of displaced

populations; the purpose and

function of a mining

cooperative; and the new

procedures for the transfer and export of diamonds.

Data quality from the interns

varied significantly. There was

particularly a concern about the quality from Nola.

The radio does not cover the

entire sub-prefecture of Nola

because it emits only 10 KM in

the round. Mining craftsmen

who live beyond this distance

cannot follow the radio.

The project will work with

Radio Kuli Ndunga to convert

the first programs in MP3

format to hand over to mining

craftsmen, the majority of

whom have a phone with an SD memory card.

ACTIVITY 1.3. TRAIN AND SUPPORT MONITORING COMMITTEES AT THE

NATIONAL AND LOCAL LEVELS FOR THE PRESERVATION OF PEACE IN

COMPLIANT ZONES


PRADD II facilitated the establishment of the KPCS Operational Framework requirement of the

National Monitoring Committee, but linked with a system called the Antennes Locales de Suivi. These are

decentralized committees charged with monitoring the artisnal diamond mining sector in compliant


34

zones. PRADD II invested considerable staff time of the Component II coordinator in helping to build up

these committees and through the preparation of action plans to guide their work. A key component of

the action plans is awareness raising regarding social cohesion and its importance in ensuring that

diamond zones remain compliant with KP requirements. The intention is for these commune-based

groups to carry out awareness raising activities at and near mine sites and to communicate findings to

the prefect-level Comite Local de Suivi. Located in Carnot, Gadzi, Berberati, Gamboula Soso-Nakombo

and Dédé Mokoub, the Minister of Mines authorized and is contributing to the installation and training

of the members of the local KP monitoring units. The training aims to reinforce the capacities in: a) the

governance of artisanal mines and production, b) social cohesion, conflict prevention and resolution, and

c) monitoring of diamond traceability in compliant areas. Given the fact that the role of these

committees encompasses not only mining related messages, but also social cohesion, all activities in the

regions will be coordinated closely with the Regional Director for Social Cohesion and Reconciliation

and, where appropriate, Comites Locales de Paix, which are under the auspices of this ministry.

Table 1: Current list of Compliant and Priority Zones

Zones Prefectures Sub-Prefectures

Compliant Zones

Mambéré-Kadeï

Berberati

Carnot

Gadzi

Lobaye Boda

Sangha-Mbaéré Nola

Priority Zones

Mambéré-Kadeï

Sosso-Nakombo

Amada-Gaza

Gamboula

Dédé Mokouba

Sangha-Mbaéré

Salo

Bayanga

Bambio

Lobaye

Mbaïki

Bonganda

Ombela Mpoko Boganagone

Nana-Mambéré

Bouar

Baoro

Abba

Ouham-Pendé Bozoum


35

The Minister of Mines prioritized looking into the effectiveness of the National KP Committee during a

meeting with PRADD II staff in March 2017. This led to a new administrative decree reconstituting the

National Monitoring Committee. A first meeting of this committee was held with much interest and

enthusiasm on the part of all actors. Unfortunately, the fact that this committee has not convened in

over a year has significantly hampered the effectiveness of the Local Monitoring Committees, who have

been attempting to operate in its absence.

The major challenge for the Ministry of Mines, and by association PRADD II, is the push by the

government to expand the number of compliant zones in the southwest and northwest of the country

along the country’s borders (See Table 1 above). From a strategic perspective, the ministry wants to halt

the illegal flow of diamonds out of the country, but ministry leadership recognizes their extremely

limited human and financial resources. The list of current Compliant Zones and proposed Priority Zones are listed above.


Task 1.3.1: Identify civil society

organizations (national and

international) in the compliant zones

Completed during the

diagnostics reported in previous

quarters. The information is

now going to be integrated into

a map, drawing upon existing

USAID and OCHA maps, so

that there is a clear picture of

which organizations are in the

compliant zones and the nature of their interventions.

One of the challenges is the

relatively few international

NGOs operating in the

compliant zones. That said,

PRADD II has connected with

CRS and NRC, both of who are

operating in compliant zones.

The Component II coordinator

is now participating in the Social

Cohesion cluster comprised of

national and international NGOs

working on peace and social cohesion.

Task 1.3.2: Assess progress

made by the local and national

Monitoring Committees

The new Administrative Order

nominated new members of the

National Committee for

Monitoring the Kimberley

Process. These members held

their first meeting in June after

almost 9 months of inactivity

and an action plan was drawn

up. The Kimberley Process

National Monitoring Committee

was set up by the Kimberley

Process Monitoring Team to

monitor the operational

framework for the resumption

of exports to the Central

African Republic.

Many National Monitoring

Committee members do not

always understand the mission of

the Monitoring team in the lifting

of sanctions in the Central

African Republic. For this

reason, continual training is

required to bring new members

up to speed and also to help

them exercise the authority that is their due.

PRADD II will provide technical

assistance to the committee, but

not operational day-by-day

financing. The project will cover

the costs for the National

Monitoring Committee to take

field trips to diamond mining

areas and meeting with the Local Monitoring Committees.


36


Task. 1.3.3: In collaboration

with civil society organizations,

design and deliver training

sessions for the diamond

industry and the Kimberley Process representatives

30 civil society organizations

gathered under the auspices of

the Inter-NGO Council in the

Central African Republic

(CIONG-CA) on May 19-20 to

validate the strategic approach

for good governance of mineral

resources in CAR. This is a

follow-up activity to the IPIS and

PRADD II workshop organized on this topic in June of 2016.

Civil society continues to be a

very weak partner. PRADD II

cannot institute change within

this sector, but must await

internal reforms.

ACTIVITY 2.1. IDENTIFY AND SUPPORT THE ONGOING EVOLUTION OF THE

MINING SECTOR IN COMPLIANT ZONES IN ORDER TO CONTRIBUTE TO

THE RESTORATION OF PEACE AND SECURITY

General Observation

Social cohesion and peace building activities are beginning to gather traction. A coalition partnership is

emerging between the Ministry of Mines and Social Affairs. The Draft “Memorandum of Understanding

and Cooperation for the Establishment of Local Committees for Peace and National Reconciliation in

Conformal Mining Areas in the South-West of the Central African Republic” has been prepared and is

under study. On the other hand, the CDH and the PRADD II are pooling the resources available for the

joint implementation of activities related to the training of local KP monitoring antennas on conflict

management and advocacy, organization of 5 intercommunal dialogues with the signing of local

agreements of engagement for the Forum of peace and social cohesion in the Berberati compliant area.

Similar work is being launched with the NGO NRC for a partnership collaboration on the resolution of

conflicts related to the problems of Housing, Lands and Property of the refugees formerly settled in the

border towns of Cameroon of which some began to return these past months. Negotiations resulting

from this partnership could lead to contracting for the development of restitution dialogues, and perhaps payments by NRC on housing, lands and property in two pilot zones, Carnot and Berberati.


Task 2.1.1:

Conduct a

diagnostic of

the ongoing

mining

dynamics in the

compliant zones

Completed diagnostics. The production and validation of

the final reports has been delayed.

An external reviewer was hired to

do the final editing but he did not perform as expected.

Task2.1.2:

Define strategic

actions to

accompany the

evolution of

Completed This important activity has been

completed thanks to the

diagnostics carried out in the

previous quarters. The Local Pact

initiative is the key action


37


the diamond

economy in

proposed

Compliant and

priority zones

emerging out of these reflections

and dialogues.

Task 2.1.3:

Develop a

strategy to

leverage

support for

strategic

actions

proposed by

the PRADD II diagnostic

CDH: A draft protocol agreement was

negotiated with the Centre pour le

Développement Humanitaire during the

quarter to facilitate engagements in training in

Local Pacts in Berberati and other compliant zones.

NRC: Similarly, a draft protocol agreement

was presented to the NRC for comment and

future agreement in how to work together in

compliant zones, and especially, Berberati.

NRC is involved in land and property

restitution primarily in Berberati, but is open to expanding in other areas.

PRADD II is bearing nearly all the

costs of helping the CAR

government become compliant

with the KP Operational

Framework. The Ministry may

soon try to work with the

National Monitoring Committee

to validate compliance in the new

“priority zones” in the next

quarter. Financial limitation of the

project to cover all costs.

Regrettably, it is not evident that

other donors within the KP world

are stepping up to the plate to

provide additional assistance.

PRADD II may not have sufficient

funds to support work in these

proposed new zones.

Task 2.1.4:

Train national

and local

Monitoring

Committees in

their roles in

consolidating peace

The Component II coordinator trained

members of the Local Monitoring committees

and their branches in the sub-prefectures of

Berberati from April 22 -29. The committee

members were briefed on the Mining Code,

traceability, compliance with the Kimberley

Process, social cohesion, advocacy, and conflict prevention strategies.

Finally, PRADD II is making

traction in training members of

the Local Monitoring Committees

after the arduous investment of

time in setting up these

committees. These committees

may be a countervailing

oppositional force to corrupt

predations by the government

authorities.

Task 2.1.5:

Strengthen

social cohesion

through Local

Conflict

Resolution

Mechanisms

and

Community

Dialogue

Component 2 provides for the organization

of 5 intercommunal dialogues in order to

solicit various commitments for peace and

social cohesion from different indigenous and

non-indigenous communities. These signed

commitments will be aimed at demonstrating

the commitment of local communities to the

model and process of the Local Pact of Peace and Cohesion developed by the PRADD II

At the end of the five inter-community

dialogues, a local forum is planned in

Berberati in order to consolidate at regional

PRADD II worked very diligently

with the Swiss CDH to develop a

strategy, and then a draft inter-

institutional protocol, for working

together to put in place the Local

Pacts, an outcome of the Bangui

Forum. PRADD II recognizes the

significant contribution that CDH

is making to work with the

project, and its new institutional

partners, the Ministry of Mines

and the Ministry of Social Affaires

and Reconciliation. While no Local

Pacts have yet been signed, the


38


level the process of the local pact started

from villages and communes

foundations for public awareness

campaigns, dialogues, negotiations, and signatures are now in place.

Task 2.1.6:

Provide

technical

support to

facilitate the

return of

collectors to

Berberati to

stimulate the

diamond economy

The return of diamond collectors from

Cameroon and elsewhere is still in progress.

Collectors continue to hesitate on coming back to their home towns and villages.

Through its work with the Pact Local

negotiation process and in coordination with

the KP Local Monitoring Committees,

PRADD II is building the institutional

framework so necessary to serve as a

guarantee of safety for the return of diamond

collectors and their families.

The process of encouraging the

return of the diamond collectors

is very slow, but if security is

maintained in the compliant zones,

and collectors feel accepted by the

local communities, they will make

definitive returns. Return of these

key economic actors remains a

top priority for the Ministry of

Mines.

1.1. MONITORING AND EVALUATION

The PRADD II project is working closely with the United States Institute of Peace (USIP) Initiative to

Measure Peace and Conflict Outcomes (IMPACT) project to develop indicators of relevancy to peace-

building programs in the Central African Republic. The IMPACT project was launched by the USIP in

2014 to develop simple, but rigorous, data-collection tools to monitor peacebuilding programs and

assess progress toward objectives such as reducing violent incidents, resolving disputes, or increasing

trust in local government institutions. The goal of the initiative is twofold: to learn lessons that can help

improve future programming, and to enhance the ability of the field to demonstrate concretely the

effectiveness of various peacebuilding approaches.

In the Central African Republic, IMPACT is working with USAID and the CAR Peacebuilding Partnership

to develop standardized methods for monitoring and evaluating the progress of U.S. government-

supported peacebuilding programs. The Partnership, a public-private initiative that supports locally led

peacebuilding in the country, is made up of foundations, non-governmental organizations, civil society,

and USAID. IMPACT-CAR has defined a set of common peacebuilding objectives, identified indicators

that can be used to measure progress toward those objectives, and developed relatively simple, but

rigorous, data-collection strategies to assess performance. In addition to regularly providing information

to help improve individual programs, the initiative represents a unique opportunity to measure the

aggregate impact of peacebuilding programs during a post-conflict transition.

1.2. PRADD II STANDARD AND PROJECT INDICATORS

PRADD II added standard indicators used for project activities in Côte d’Ivoire and Guinea to the Year

III project work plan. The PRADD II Performance and Monitoring Plan describes and reports on these

indicators. Performance Indicator Reference Sheets are also presented for each indicator. These may

include, but are not limited to indicators adapted to the CAR context. The additional indicators

prepared for the PRADD II project are incorporated into the project’s Performance and Monitoring

Plan presented for revision each April. The status of information generation for each indicator are

presented below. For PRADD II CAR, the status of reporting is the following.


39

Indicator 1.1. Percentage of the difference between carats production in PRADD II intervention

zones and national legal exports. This indicator continues to be challenging to report against

due to the difficulty in obtaining reliable data. For the time being the production estimates

and export numbers are synonymous, which is an anomaly. Data coming from the Regional

Director of Mines in Berberati is often not accurate. Hopefully, this situation will be resolved within anticipated staffing changes in the ministry.

Indicator 4. Number of parcels with relevant parcel information corrected or newly incorporated

into an official land administration system as a result of USG assistance (Standard Indicator for Land

Tenure and Resource Management Office). Data is now being entered into the land administration system.

Indicator 4.1. Number of active diamond pits located in authorized mining zones. This data is

beginning to be collected by the Ministry of Mines, Energy, and Hydrology but it is far from

complete. Now that the Focal Points are active, this information is beginning to flow into the

national data base as required by the Operational Framework and the Administrative

Decision of the KPCS.

Indicator 11. Number of land administration and service entities, offices, or other related facilities

that the project technically or physically establishes or upgrades as a result of USG assistance

(Standard Indicator for Land Tenure and Resource Management Office). This data is presented in the PRADD II Indicator tracking table for Q4, 2016 table below.

Indicator 16. Percentage of artisanal miners in project area demonstrating knowledge of the KP

provisions and associated national mining law. An end of project survey will assess awareness levels of the KP process.

The USIP indicators are now being reported. Please refer to the PRADD II Indicator tracking table for

Q1, 2017 table below. This statistical data shows somewhat the nature of PRADD II’s engagement with

stakeholder consultations, but fails to provide the rich quantitative information that is much better captured in PRADD II’s technical reports.

1.3. OPERATIONS AND STAFFING

Operations

The PRADD II CAR office is taking measures to improve the timeliness and thoroughness of its

budgeting and accounting mechanisms. One step which should significantly increase processing speed is

the decision to enter into a services agreement with a temporary assistant to provide support in

scanning and photocopying documents. PRADD II’s annual work plan for the 2017-2018 period will be submitted at the end of May 2017.

Staffing

The team was supported by PRADD II M&E Specialist Ramy Razafindralambo and PRADD II Accountant

Emmanual Akowendo of PRADD II Côte d’Ivoire. M&E Specialist Ramy Razafindralambo will be departing

PRADD II in June 2017; her functions will be fulfilled by Jennifer Graham, as per the COR approval in

March 2017. A new assistant administrator is expected to come on board the next quarter.


40

Table 3: PRADD II CAR Staffing List

No. Names Position

1 Prospert Yaka Maïde Country Program Liaison and Data Base Systems Specialist

2 Hervé Pounou Institutional Specialist

3 Zéphirin Mogba Peace Building Specialist

4 Regis Ndaket Finance and Administration Specialist

5 Jennifer Graham Country Coordinator (International)

6 Mark Freudenberger Project Manger

7 Virginia Spell Deputy Project Manager

4.0 GENERAL AND REGIONAL SUPPORT

TO KPCS

General Observations: The PRADD II direct contributions to the Kimberley Process have evolved

significantly thanks to the engagement by the European Commission via GIZ in supporting the Mano

River Union. The last major intervention was PRADD II Côte d’Ivoire Country Director Terah DeJong’s

attendance of a meeting in October 2016 aimed in part at shaping this technical assistance in support of

the regional approach. PRADD II anticipates continuing to play a peripheral role in this effort, focusing

mainly on liaising with Côte d’Ivoire and offering input as requested. With respect to the KP overall,

PRADD II did not participate in the Plenary held in Dubai. As US and EU priorities become clearer for

the upcoming Australia chairmanship PRADD II may become more active again in sharing lessons learned as well as specific achievements relevant to the KP, such as the interactive mining education app.


Washington

Declaration Diagnostic Framework

No activities planned or implemented this quarter


41

Mano River Union Regional Approach

No new advancements. The Côte

d’Ivoire Country Director continues

to have weekly meetings with the GIZ

in Abidjan responsible for financing Mano River Union activities.

Contributions to

Kimberley Process Meetings

PRADD II did not contribute directly

to KP meetings through attendance in

the Australia intercessional meeting,

but did provide key information as

needed via the monthly telephone calls

with the State Department, USAID,

and the European Union. Information

focused on the challenges in Côte

d’Ivoire in particular. PRADD II in

CAR assists the KPPS to prepare for

the KP meetings.

PRADD II in CAR notes that the

Kimberley Process Secretariat and the

Ministry of Mines scurries to comply

with the Operational Framework

conditionalities and report on

achievements prior to the

intercessional in Australia. This is a

positive indicator of the influence these meetings have on compliance.

5.0 CROSS-CUTTING ACTIVITIES

5.1 PARTNERSHIPS

United States Geological Survey

The PRADD II project has long enjoyed a fruitful working relationship with the USGS. Unfortunately,

the USGS budget was zeroed out this year. So, future activities anticipated for Côte d’Ivoire are on

standby for now though informal communications continue between the two parties. This is unfortunate

because SODEMI looked very much forward to USGS involvement in refining the diamond deposit

modeling exercise. Other options are being explored by the PRADD II team to meet this need. USGS

also served on the Monitoring Team for CAR. Without funding for this year, USGS is not able to provide much needed spatial data to the PRADD II team.

Gemological Institute of America

No new advancements. This relationship is on hold for the time being.

Public-Private Partnerships with Retail and Wholesale Diamond Buyers

The SPARK contract in Côte d’Ivoire reflects the best example of construction of public-private

partnerships within PRADD II. While PRADD II works closely with the new diamond exporters in Côte

d’Ivoire, it is still premature to explore other arrangements with Brilliant Earth or others until diamond exports become more regular.

Internships

No internships this quarter.

5.2 GENDER STRATEGY DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

The country teams have developed their own draft strategies and checklists for gender integration and

are advancing on their own accord. Gender focused programmatic activities are advancing on several

fronts as reported above in the review of the Côte d’Ivoire advancements. Regular reporting is


42

continuing for the new Girls Count Act that stipulates, “support programs and key ministries, including

programs and ministries relating to interior, youth, and education, to help increase property rights,

social security, home ownership, land tenure security, inheritance rights, access to education, and

economic and entrepreneurial opportunities, particularly for women and girls” (HR 2100, April 29, 2015).

5.3 MONITORING PRADD II PERFORMANCE

The monitoring performance plan was reviewed in May 2016 to take into consideration the indicator

results against targets in 2015, the project termination in Guinea and the new development of PRADD II

in CAR. The PRADD II staff in Côte d’Ivoire reviewed the PMP indicators to refine project objectives

and adjust the targets to field realities, opportunities and constraints as well as country context.

Significant improvements in data collection and reporting were notable for PRADD II Côte d’Ivoire to

better capture the number of household beneficiaries of livelihoods activities supported by the project.

The M&E Specialist will review the data reported by the recent Knowledge-Attitude-Practice survey of

miners conducted by PRADD II CDI to monitor the changes in the level of knowledge of the KP provisions and the percentage of miners working in the project sites with valid cards.

The successes and contradictions of monitoring PRADD II performance are presented in detail under

each country section.

5.4 IMPACT EVALUATION

Indicator values reported in the previous quarters in 2016 were revised following data quality control

done in Séguéla and Tortiya sites by the M&E Coordinator in PRADD II Côte d’Ivoire. Major changes

particularly affected the number of households adopting complementary livelihoods thanks to the

inventory of heads of households in the list of beneficiary members. Such data quality control at field

level will be also organized in CAR by the end of Year 1 to meet the USAID data requirements and

improve the project data reporting.

Availability of data on carats production is still an issue in both countries due to inefficient data

collection and reporting chains. Available export data is presented in section 4.5. Once the Focal Points

in CAR become operational in the field, more field based information will begin to flow into the national

data base as required by the Operational Framework and the Administrative Decision of the KPCS. But

more serious problems sometimes surface. For example, in CAR, the BECDOR is not reporting

diamond export data to PRADD II, or even the Ministry of Mines, on a semester basis as required by the KPCS.

PROPERTY RIGHTS AND ARTISANAL DIAMOND DEVELOPMENT II: QUARTERLY REPORT (APRIL—JUNE 2016) 43

6.0 PROJECT SPECIFIC INDICATORS

Performance indicators

Base-

line

value

2013 2014 2015 Target

Y2

2015

2016 Targe

t Y3

2016

2017

Target Y4

2017 (b)

Comments

Q4

Q1-

Q4

Q1-

Q4

Q

1

Q

2

Q

3

Q

4

Q1-

Q4

Q1

(a)

Q2

(a)

1. Proportion of carats

entered legally into the chain

of custody from the PRADD

II production areas against

national legal exports

Guinea 0% 0% 0% 2.3% 20% 6.1% N/A 30%

Côte d'Ivoire 0% 0% 0% 66% 50% 66% 345% 26% 40% 40% 60% 7% NA 70% CDI: Production data is not

complete. Data are missing from

February to June 2017

CAR 0% 0% 9% 5% TBD 10,268.31 of carats were

exported in the first quarter of

2017 compared to the 2016

annual exports of 120,876

2. Percentage of mine

workers possessing valid

card in areas of PRADD II implementation

N/A N/A N/A N/A 30% N/A 8% 8% 45% 65% CDI: This figure will be calculated

for the next quarter, after the

analysis of the results of the survey

4. Number of parcels with

relevant parcel information

corrected or newly

incorporated into an official

land administration system

as a result of USG assistance

- Guinea

0 0 114 0 161 161 114

4. Number of parcels with

relevant parcel information

corrected or newly

incorporated into an official

land administration system

as a result of USG assistance

- CAR

0 34 34 150 NA Not yet officially reported this

quarter by the Ministry of Mines.

This should change next quarter

if data transmission obstacles are

resolved within the Ministry.



Base-

line

value

2013 2014 2015 Target

Y2

2015

2016 Targe

t Y3

2016

2017

Target Y4

2017 (b)

Comments

Q4

Q1-

Q4

Q1-

Q4

Q

1

Q

2

Q

3

Q

4

Q1-

Q4

Q1

(a)

Q2

(a)

5. Number of households or

organizations with

formalized land rights as a

result of USG assistance

0 22 70 0 18 0 6 24 80 0 10

Côte d'Ivoire 0 22 10 0 18 0 6 24

20

NA NA 10 Collective agreements

established with beekeepers and

fish farmers.

Guinea 0 0 60 0 0 0

60

GN: No data reported due to

project termination.

6. Number of disputed land

and property rights cases

that have been resolved by

local authorities,

contractors, mediators or

courts as a result of USG

assistance

0 0 10 9 5 4 1 19 15 NA 15

Côte d'Ivoire 0 0 5 8 5 4 1 18

10

NA 1 15

Guinea 0 0 5 1 0 1

5



7. Percentage of households

with increased economic

benefits derived from

sustainable natural resource

management as a result of

USG assistance

0% Household data only collected

through baseline and endline

surveys

8. Number of hectares of

mined-out sites rehabilitated

and/or converted to other

economic uses

0 0.15 15 1.21 11.4 1.87 0 14.46 60 0.016 25

Côte d'Ivoire 0 0.15 10 1.21 9.12 1.87 0 12.20

40

0.02 0.03 25



Base-

line

value

2013 2014 2015 Target

Y2

2015

2016 Targe

t Y3

2016

2017

Target Y4

2017 (b)

Comments

Q4

Q1-

Q4

Q1-

Q4

Q

1

Q

2

Q

3

Q

4

Q1-

Q4

Q1

(a)

Q2

(a)

Guinea 0 0 5 0 2.26 2.26

20



9. Number of villages that

have formalized collective

land rights in the mining

sites (Côte d'Ivoire)

0 0 7 0 3 0 6 9

15

1 NA 15

10. Number of specific

pieces of legislation or

implementing regulations

proposed, adopted, and/or

implemented affecting

property rights of the urban

and rural poor as a result of

USG assistance

0 0 1 4 8 0 1 1 2 2 2 CDI: Data reporting periods

were changed to match exactly

the dates of the laws amended/

adopted as a result of PRADD II

interventions. Compared to the

cumulative target for FY 2013-

2016 set at 6 laws/regulations,

the project contributed to the

amendment/adoption of 10

laws/regulations in total.

Côte d'Ivoire 0 2 6 0 6 0 1 1 0 2 - 0 0 2

Guinea 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0

2



11. Number of land

administration and service

entities, offices, or other

related facilities that the

project technically or

physically establishes or

upgrades with USAID

support

0 0 0 3 2 0 0 0

1

Guinea 0 0 0 3 2 0 0 0

1



CAR 0 1 0 1

1

12. Number of households

adopting complementary

livelihoods with USG

assistance

0 334 500 260 540 2357 1000 774 500



Base-

line

value

2013 2014 2015 Target

Y2

2015

2016 Targe

t Y3

2016

2017

Target Y4

2017 (b)

Comments

Q4

Q1-

Q4

Q1-

Q4

Q

1

Q

2

Q

3

Q

4

Q1-

Q4

Q1

(a)

Q2

(a)

Côte d'Ivoire 0 0 250 0 540 778 779 2097 500 774 774 500

Guinea 0 334 250 260 0 260 500 GN: No data reported due to


13. Proportion of female

participants in USG-assisted

programs designed to

increase access to

productive economic

resources (assets, credit,

income, or employment)

0% 0 0 52% 20% 63% 94% 94% 94% 94% 30% 94% 30%

Côte d'Ivoire 0% 0 0 100% 20% 0% 94% 94% 94% 94% 30% 94% 94% 40%

Guinea 0% 0 0 56% 20% 63% 0% 63% 30%

14. Percentage of artisanal

miners demonstrating basic

knowledge of diamond

valuation techniques

0% 0% 25% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 45% NA NA 60% CDI: This information will be

reported in the next semester

after analysis of a survey.


miners adopting improved

mining techniques

0% 0% 20% 97% 0% 0% 0% 49% 30% NA 40% CDI: This information will be

reported in the next semester

after analysis of a survey.

Côte d'Ivoire 0% 0% 20% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 35% NA NA 40%

Guinea 0% 0% 20% 97% 0% 97% 35% GN: No data reported due to




Base-

line

value

2013 2014 2015 Target

Y2

2015

2016 Targe

t Y3

2016

2017

Target Y4

2017 (b)

Comments

Q4

Q1-

Q4

Q1-

Q4

Q

1

Q

2

Q

3

Q

4

Q1-

Q4

Q1

(a)

Q2

(a)


miners in project area

demonstrating knowledge of

the KP provisions and

associated national mining

law

20% 92% 35% 90% 28% 28% 35% NA 35%

Côte d'Ivoire 27% 0% 35% 0% 28% 28% 35% NA NA 75% New data will be reported next

quarter after analysis of a recent

survey.

Guinea 10% 92% 35% 90% 0% 90% 35% GN: no reported training data

due to project termination.

CAR TBD 0% 15% 7% 22% Piloting of registration lead to 71

artisanal miners recorded (32

with liscences et 39 workers

with mining cards) after 1000

reached through communication

and outreach.

17. Number of individuals

trained in land tenure and

property rights as a result of

USG assistance

0 0 224 157 400 48 0 48 96 1200 600

Côte d'Ivoire 0 0 92 90 200 0 0 48 0 48 300 20 NA 600

Men 0 0 81 86 0 0 42 0 42 20 NA

Women 0 0 11 4 0 0 6 0 6 0 NA

Guinea 0 0 132 67 200 48 0 48 900 GN: no reported training data

due to project termination.

Men 0 0 115 46 47 0 47

Women 0 0 17 21 1 0 1


USIP IMPACT Indicators (CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC ONLY)

IMPACT Project

indicators

Base-

line

value

2013 2014 2015 Target

Y2

2015

2016 Target

Y3

2016

2017

Target

Y3

2016

Comments Q4 Q1-Q4 Q1-Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1-Q4 (a) Q1 (a) Q2 (a) (b)

1.1 # of national-level

policymakers trained in

[justice reform,

peacebuilding and

institutional management,

political transition and

inclusive practices].

0 0 29 16 45 45 38 22 60 22 local authorities, including

decentralized services USAF

agents took part in the workshop

introducing new production

notebooks in Berberati, Nola and

Boda.

1.2. Indicator 1.2: # of

initiatives implemented by

trained officials [including

communication

campaigns]. ].

0 0 11 1 12 25 0 0

1.3. % of trained officials

demonstrating increased

capacity on topics of

training [justice reform,

peacebuilding and

institutional management,

political transition and

inclusive practices]

0 0 100% 0% 0.6 0% 0%

2.1. # of USG-assisted civil

society organizations that

participate in legislative

proceedings and/or engage

in advocacy with national-

level policymakers.

0 0 2 0 2 1 1 1 Administrative Order by the

Minister of Mines appointed new

members of the National

Monitoring Committee


IMPACT Project

indicators

Base-

line

value

2013 2014 2015 Target

Y2

2015

2016 Target

Y3

2016

2017

Target

Y3

2016


2.2. # community initiatives where

community opinions are

shared directly to

‘influencers’ or policy-

makers.

0 0 19 1 20 TBD 4 1

2.3. % change in the

number of community

members in target

communities who believe their voices are heard by

national-level

policymakers.

0 0 0% 0 0% TBD 0%

3.1. # of individuals

trained in [mediation,

dialogue facilitation,

peacebuilding initiatives,

peace education,

vocational skills, and

trauma healing].

0 0 0 13 0 300 21 18 39

3.2. % of individuals

reporting change in

knowledge/skills on topics

of training (insitutions +

individuals at community

level)

0 0 0% 11% 11% TBD 1% 0%

3.3. # of relevant activities

carried out by trained

individuals/institutions

(peacebuilding @ community level)

0 0 29 3 32 40 0 1


IMPACT Project

indicators

Base-

line

value

2013 2014 2015 Target

Y2

2015

2016 Target

Y3

2016

2017

Target

Y3

2016


4.1. # of individuals reached through inter-

group activities - or intra-

group activities aimed at

setting the stage for inter-

group interaction - carried

out by trained/ supported

individuals or

organizations.

0 0 385 385 200 0 n/a

4.2. # of community

challenges (disputes)

resolved by USG trained

individuals or

organizations.

0 0 0 0 TBD 0 n/a

4.3. % change in number

of respondents reporting

positive interactions with

the ‘other group.’

0 0 0% 0% 0.4 0% n/a

4.4. % of individuals

reporting a change in the

perception of the ‘other’

group.

0 0 0% 0% 0.4 0% n/a


51

7.0 ANNEX A: PROGRAM BRIEF UPDATE

PROGRAM BRIEF

Property Rights and Artisanal

Diamond Development II (PRADD II)

Supporting the Kimberley Process in Côte d’Ivoire and Guinea

OVERVIEW: The Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond

Development II (PRADD II) Project supports governments to

implement mining best practices in Côte d’Ivoire and the Central

African Republic, and promotes good governance of the mining

sector at the international level through the Kimberley Process, the

international mechanism that prevents rough diamonds from fueling

conflict. The project—a $19 million five-year joint USAID/European

Union initiative—is a follow-on project to PRADD II, USAID’s

flagship mining project implemented from 2007–2013 across Central African Republic, Guinea, and Liberia.

The objective of PRADD II is to increase the number of alluvial

diamonds entering the formal chain of custody, while improving the

benefits accruing to diamond mining communities. Artisanal miners

labor under archaic and difficult working conditions and live in

extreme poverty, often receiving less than nine percent of the retail

price of the stones they extract. Poverty prevents miners from acquiring the licenses required to

operate within the law, the equipment necessary to increase their gains, and the assets needed to

diversify their livelihoods. Not surprisingly, miners often become incentivized to mine quickly, sell fast,

and rapidly move on to new sites. These practices have devastating economic and environmental

consequences, negatively impact export revenues, and prevent compliance with the Kimberley Process

Certification Scheme (KPCS).

THE PRADD II APPROACH: Drawing upon the fields of property rights, economic development,

governance, and behavioral change, PRADD II bases its approach on the premise that secure property

rights create positive incentives for miners to be good stewards of the land. When an artisanal miner’s

rights to prospect and dig for diamonds are formal and secure, they are more likely to sell through legal

channels, enabling the government to track the origin of diamonds and prevent them from fueling

conflict. In addition, the formalization of extracting perimeters stimulates the land market, which appeals to prospective investors.

PRADD II further strengthens the diamond value chain by designing alternative systems of financing,

equipment, and marketing, which benefits diggers, miners, intermediaries, and exporters. The project

European Commission

Service for Foreign Policy Instruments

Thanks to PRADD II technical support, diamond mining sites like this one in Berberati are now being increasingly monitored by the Central African Republic Local Monitoring Committee under conditionalities of the KPCS Operational Framework.

Zé

phirin

Mo

gba


52

introduces complementary livelihoods, including the conversion of exhausted mining sites into

agricultural units, and specifically targets women to uptake these livelihoods in an effort to mitigate the

environmental damages of artisanal mining while providing diversified income and food security.

At the policy level, PRADD II supports governments to improve diamond mining legislation and

regulations. In 2013, the project produced the Washington Declaration Diagnostic Framework, which

helps diamond-producing states translate international best mining practices into action. The framework

was endorsed by the Kimberley Process in November 2013. PRADD II combines local, national, and

international communication tools to mobilize civil society groups and change the behavior of artisanal

miners and decision makers regarding the trade of rough diamonds. PRADD II’s goal is to use behavior

change communication approaches to alter the way miners view diamond trade and production—

shifting from a source of conflict to a powerful tool for development that will contribute positively to

national economies, miners, and their communities.

PRADD II IN CÔTE D’IVOIRE: The PRADD II Côte d’Ivoire team continued to invest considerably

in strengthening the parastatal SODEMI in the Séguéla and Tortiya sites. PRADD II has been helping

SODEMI, along with mining cooperatives, identify new diamond mining sites. This quarter, the

information collection of 408 auger holes (of which 107 intercepted diamondiferous gravel) and 48 test

pits was concluded to the satisfaction of all parties. Meanwhile, PRADD II facilitated social dialogue in

diamond mining sites to help reduce tensions between SODEMI and the local communities. PRADD II

established 15 SMARTER mining, or bench terracing, demonstration sites with mining cooperatives. The

project continued to draw attention to urgent issues in the KP chain of custody of which SODEMI plays

a key role in data collection and transmission. PRADD II completed the training of 30 mining

cooperative focal points on behavioral change communication for promoting KP awareness and

adoption of SMARTER mining techniques.

This quarter, PRADD II advanced its land use planning work. It trained Tortiya municipal authorities in

how to implement the strategic commune development plan prepared earlier in the year and how to

take into account gender in project planning. Community based diagnostics and dialogues in Séguéla

advanced this past quarter on environmental and development problematics confronting the area. Those

involved in PRADD II’s livelihood diversification activities were pleased with the harvest of 850 kg of

honey from hives placed in cashew plantations and the identification of market opportunities. The

PRADD II technical team continued to assist women’s agricultural groups to make compost, plant and

harvest field crops, formalize their associations, and improve income generation through the use of

project provided solar water pumps and motorized tricycles and attached wagons. The project

mentorship program for small entrepreneurs advanced well with the hand-over of equipment to the

youth entrepreneurs, the identification of in-kind financing from local banks, and tailored business skills

training.

PRADD II AND THE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: The PRADD II Central African Republic

team advanced well this past quarter, though always confronted by the fragile political and institutional

context in the country. The major advancement was in building a formal inter-ministerial coalition

between the Ministry of Mines and the Ministry of Social Affairs and Reconciliation to work jointly in

diamond mining areas of the western part of the country. Both ministries are negotiating a formal

accord to be signed by their respective ministers. This will be one of the first such formal agreements in

the country. The door will be opened for establishing Local Peace and Reconciliation Committees in

diamond mining communities, and then, the subsequent negotiation of “Local Pacts,” or conventions to

reduce tensions and conflicts between contending forces in these zones. Local Pacts are based on the

National Pact, a key feature of the Bangui Forum, that seek to promote improved inter-ethnic

cooperation and synergies at the local level. These codify, to a certain extent, initiatives taken by local

communities to rebuild trust and confidence in each other around various livelihoods. Radio programs

were launched by the project on ways to build peaceful coexistence in the western diamond mining


53

areas. PRADD II continued to build the foundation for peace building by encouraging international non-governmental organizations to work in these diamond mining sites.

PRADD II worked closely with the Permanent Secretary of the Kimberley Process to strengthen data

collection required by the KPCS Operational Framework. Ten project financed interns working under

the supervision of the Permanent Secretary are now collecting data in the compliant zones of Berberati,

Nola, Carnot, Gadzi, and Boda. The PRADD II team helped to revise, print, and disseminate new

Production Notebooks for all compliant zones and then expanded the use of mobile technologies for

printing identification cards. Gradually, the Kimberley Process required data collection is becoming more

operational and sophisticated.

PRADD II AND REGIONAL ACTIVITIES: PRADD II has much reduced its contributions to

regional Kimberley Process activities. This function has been largely picked up by the European Union.

Nevertheless, the Côte d’Ivoire team follows closely initiatives of the Mano River Union around the artisanal diamond mining sector.


54

8.0 ANNEX B: SNAP-SHOT


55

U.S. Agency for International Development

1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW

Washington, DC 20523

Tel: (202) 712-0000

Fax: (202) 216-3524

www.usaid.gov

property rights and artisanal diamond development ii

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