promoting african research & education networking –internet
TRANSCRIPT
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R. Steiner, K. Gakio – AAU Presentation Feb 23, 2005
Promoting African Research & Education Networking –Internet Bandwidth Challenges and Opportunities
Roy Steiner, PhDKaranja Gakiofor the IDRCFeb 23, 2005
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R. Steiner, K. Gakio
Higher Education Institutions in Africa
Source: Paul Hamilton, PAREN Study
ATICS 83 Institutions
PAREN646 Tertiary Institutions Mapped
Bandwidth:
1) Too Little
2) Too Expensive
3) Poorly Managed
Division between research and education
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R. Steiner, K. Gakio
Average Bandwidth Costs
Source: ATICS Survey 2004
A ve r a g e B a n d w d i th C o s ts ($U S D p e r K b p s ) b y R e g i o n
0 .12
0 .5 2
3 .6 3
4 .3 8
4 .7 0
5 .46
8 .0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10
US Un iv ers it y
N o rt h A fr ica
C en t ra l A fr ica
E a st A fr ica
So u t h ern A fr ica
A v era g e
W est A fr ica
R e g i o n
M e a n C o s t $U S D /K b p s
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R. Steiner, K. Gakio
Terrestrial/Sea Networks Growing
SAT 3 Cable
Source: IDRC
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R. Steiner, K. Gakio
Planned Backbone Expansions
East African Fiber
Source: IDRC
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R. Steiner, K. Gakio
Satellite coverage increasing
Source: IDRC
Currently 13 satellite operators have 51 satellites deployed with coverage over Africa
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R. Steiner, K. Gakio
African National Networks - ExamplesMorocco TENET Tunisia
KENET NUNET Tanzania
Other NRENs include Egypt, Malawi and Algeria
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R. Steiner, K. Gakio
African Continental Networks - Examples
Partnership for Higher Education
African Virtual University RESAFAO
Other multi country networks involved with/proposing bandwidth purchasing include SARUA, Mimcom
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R. Steiner, K. Gakio
Bandwidth requirements and potential consortium savings
Estimated Total Bandwidth Requirementsn=73
59
816
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Currentbandwidth
Bandwdithrequired
Band
wdi
th n
eeds
Mbps
2,906,568
1,456,848
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
Annual Cost of Bandwidth for 65institutions
Expected yearly consortium cost ofbandwidth for 65 institutions
Consortium can reduce costs by
50%
Requirements are over 10
times current available
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R. Steiner, K. Gakio
Potential Consortia
SAT 3 Consortium
All Africa VSAT
Consortium
EU Med Connect
East African Fibre Consortium
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R. Steiner, K. Gakio
Barriers and Solution
Available bandwidth (both cost and quantity)Adequate systems management, and
Regulatory issues.
A Consortium -centrally managed network using (at this time) satellite technology would address all these issues
Primary barriers to effective communication in African universities
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R. Steiner, K. Gakio
VSAT Consortium Options
Types of Consortium
Multiple regional consortia
Established Entity takes the lead –i.e AVU
New independent entity
French, West Africa, Health etc
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Recommended Structure
Operations
Executive Management
Independent Board of Directors
Funding Agencies(Advisory)
Membership Representatives
(Advisory)
Expert Committees
Technical Service Providers
Key Characteristics
-Independent board to ensure fairness and focus on best interests of the network as a whole
-Small operational staff focused on contracting services and management
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R. Steiner, K. Gakio
Learning from other successful models
Initial Donor/Government Funding importantConsortium must negotiate with governments to eliminate license fees and monopoly pricing – diplomacy keyConsortium governance must be non-profit, participatory and transparentPartnerships with private sector can be beneficialSustainability must be built into the model