Projectson Aerosol-Climate

Interactions

Erik Swietlicki

PhD students:Erik Nilsson, Jakob Löndahl,

Pontus Roldin

Div. of Nuclear Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change4th Assessment Report 2007

Andreae et al. (Nature, 2005)

Unc

erta

inty

Har vi en mycket större klimatkänslighet för en fördubbling av CO2-halten än vad vi hittills observerat?

“Global Dimming” and Future Climate Change

Hög klimatkänslighetLåg klimatkänslighet

EUCAARIEuropean Integrated Project onAerosol - Climate - Air Quality

Interactions

European Super-sites for Atmospheric Aerosol Research

An EU-Infrastructure Project

21 European Partners

48 European Partners

An EU Integrated Project

Funding (2007-2010): 231 kEUR (Lund)

Funding (2006-2011): 179 kEUR (Lund)

Aerosol – Cloud – Climate Interactions

Equipment for research on aerosols and their effects on climate and human health

Aerodyne HR-ToF-MS Aerosol Mass Spectrometer2x DMT Cloud Condensation Nuclei Counters

Funding (2007, Crafoord): 0.3 MSEK

Additional Partner: Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel Prof. Daniel Rosenfeld

“HTDMA equipment”

“ACCI”

Funding (2008-2010): 3.4 MSEK

“Dyr utrustning”

Partners: CASTFunding (2007-2008): 4.5 MSEK

PI: Kristina Stenström

Arctic Summer Cloud-Ocean Study(2007-2008, Nordic Council of Ministers)

ASCOSIPY Approved

Funding (2007-2008): 0.6 MSEK

Swedish Clean Air Research Program(Start 2007, Naturvårdsverket)

SCARP

NMR Funding (2007-2008): 0.9 MDKK

(1999-, Naturvårdsverket)

Miljöövervakningen

Additional NMR Partners: MISU, Stockholm; FMI, Helsinki, KIKU, CopenhagenOther ASCOS Partners: ETHZ Switzerland, Leeds UK, NCAR USA...

(www.misu.su.se/~michaelt/ASCOS/ASCOS.html)

Arctic Summer Cloud-Ocean Study 2008

The main goal of ASCOS is to gain a better understanding of important climate processes in the Arctic, to improve future climate models with a particular emphasis on the summertime clouds.

Start: 1 Jan 2007 (4 years)

48 European Partners from 25 countries:Coordination: University of Helsinki, Finnish Meteorological Institute

Objectives:1) Reduction of the current uncertainty of the impact of aerosol particles on climate by 50% and quantification of the relationship between anthropogenic aerosol particles and regional air quality.2) Quantification of the side effects of European air quality directives on global and regional climate, and provide tools for future quantifications for different stakeholders.

EUCAARIEuropean Integrated Project onAerosol - Climate - Air Quality

Interactions

European Super-sites for Atmospheric Aerosol Research

An EU-Infrastructure Project21 European Partners

Objectives1: Ensure measurements and

QA/QC of aerosol chemical, optical and physical properties

2: Ensure dissemination of data and capacity building

3: Develop future tools for aerosol monitoring and dissemination of information

4: Ensure trans-national access of research infrastructures

EUCAARI and EUSAAR sites

Amazonia SMPS system (Lund)

•Own design, manufacture and calibration

•Medium-long DMA (Vienna-type, own manufacture)

•Particle counter: TSI CPC 3760A

•10-551 nm

•Closed-loop (driers and filters in loop)

•Scanning mode (up and downscan, Labview software)

•CPC desmearing to improve time resolution

•Time resolution: 3 min

•RH and T sensors for data QA

•Measurements started April 2005

”Lund” Background Site – Vavihill

Vavihill

Lund

The Vavihill siteRegional background – Southern Sweden

•Twin-DMPS (3-900 nm)

Vavihill – Aerosol Instrumentation

Size distribution• AIS (0.5 – 30 nm) INES• DMPS (3- 850 nm)• APS (0.8 – 10 m)

Optical properties• Nephelometer (Ecotech, 3-wavelength)• PSAP soot photometer

Cloud-related properties• HTDMA• CCN counter

Aerosol ”chemistry”• PM2.5/PM10 (TEOM-FDMS)• OC/EC (denuder - quartz filter – sorbent; DRI Carbon Analyzer)

• Fossil/modern carbon (14C; SS-AMS)• Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer• PIXE (Source apportionment)

Dry Size Distributions DMPS

Hygroscopic Properties HTDMA

CCN Prediction Model

CCN Properties CCNC

Size-Resolved ChemistryAMS

Hygroscopic Growth Model

Cloud Microphysical Properties Satellite Retrieval

Cloud Parcel Model

Effective SupersaturationModel Estimate

Indirect Radiative Forcing Model Estimate

EUSAAR NA3, JRA2Aerosol measurements

EUCAARI WP2.1(Aerosol transformation

EUCAARI WP5.2FLEXPART

EUCAARI WP2.4Source Apportionment

EUCAARI WP3.3Parameterizations

EUCAARI WP3.4European CTM

EUCAARI WP3.4Aerosol Forcing

Aqua/Modis Images a) May 5th, 2004, 11:40 UTC and b) August 22nd, 2004, 11:35 UTC.

Clouds with smaller re appear to be greener.

Red: Visible reflectanceGreen: 3.7 µm reflectanceBlue: 10.8 µm brightness temperature.

Freud et al, Tellus, In Press (2008)

Satellite Retrievals of Cloud Microphysics

a) b)

Polluted Air Mass Clean Air Mass

The relation between the temperature at which the profile of the 30th percentile effective radius crosses 14 µm (T14 – left vertical axis) and a) PM0.5 measured at Aspvreten (red) or Vavihill (green)

Satellite Retrievals of Cloud Microphysics

Polluted Air Masses

Clean Air Masses

Freud et al, Tellus, In Press (2008)