Additions to Version 2

Version 2 added many new features greatly expanding the computing powerof CycleTimer. Among the items added are:

Intraday Analysis With Midheaven, Ascendant, ARMC

Topocentric and Barycentric

WD Gann's Price by Degrees

WD Gann's 'Mean of Five' and 'Cycle of Eight'

North Node, South Node, Perihelion (Perigee), Aphelion (Apogee) of AllBodies

Ephemeris

Aspectarian

Transits with Orb of Influence

Convert CSI, Metastock, TC2000 files to ASCII

Workspaces Saved as XML Files

Asteroids: Chiron, Vesta, Pholus, Pallas, Juno

Speed of Light Correction

Multiple Date Formats Including Julian and Non-USA

Overlay Speed and Price-Degree On Same Chart

How To Use The Tutorial

This tutorial is a step-by-step guide to CycleTimer’s features. The topicsshould be read from the top of the list to the bottom. At the end of eachtopic is a link to the next topic.

Starting CycleTimer

Manually Setting A Cycle Start Date

Calculating Planetary Cycles (Manual Mode)

Opening A Chart Window

Using The Graph Control

Calculating Planetary Cycles (Automatic Mode)

Resolution

Sidereal Cycles

Synodic Cycles

Stations (Retrograde and Direct) - Including SYNODIC stations

Inner Planets (Mercury And Venus)

Gann's Price by Degree

Gann's Mean of Five/Cycle of Eight

Transits

Aspectarian

Errors

Projections Using The Ellipse

Projections Using Static Planetary Cycles

Projections Using Dynamic Planetary Cycles

Projections Using Symmetry Around Stations

Multiple Cycle Projections

Projections Using Static Time/Price Ratios

Projections Using Dynamic Time/Price Ratios

Projections Using The Price-Time Vector

Starting CycleTimer

CycleTimer can be started several different ways:

1. Double click the CycleTimer icon on the Windows desktop. Or,2. ChooseStart | Programs | CycleTimer. Or,3. Navigate to the program directory and double click on

CycleTimer.exe.

All these methods start CycleTimer and produce the Start-Up Windowshown below.

Click on an item below for more information. Then use the 'Back' arrow onthe top menu to return here.

Start-Up Window

From the Start-Up window you can:

1. Open a Workspace that you have previously saved .2. Open a new chart window .3. Open a DataView to calculate cycles without a chart .

4. Open the Ephemeris to calculate planetary positions and speeds .

Next Topic - Manually Setting A Cycle Start Date

Manually Setting A Cycle Start Date

If there is an open chart window the cycle start date can be set by simplymoving the crosshairs of the Cycle Anchor tool to a bar. CycleTimer willthen read the date of that bar and use it for the starting point of the cyclecalculations. However, for users wanting precise control over the cycledetails, the Manual menu provides the means.

Clicking on the Manual menu item in the start-up window produces thedrop-down menu shown below. It is called Manual because it allows theuser to manually enter the details of his cycle calculations, such as thestarting date/time and the number of cycles to calculate.

If the user is interested in calculating cycles from the current date and timeall he needs to do is enter "now" in the date field (leaving this field blankhas the same effect as typing in "now"), as shown below. There is no need toenter a value for the hour or minutes. CycleTimer reads the date, time, andtime zone from the computer and converts it to Greenwich time. If the userwants to use the "now" feature he should verify that these values are storedcorrectly in his system. On most computers this can be checked by rightclicking on the clock shown in the lower right corner of the computer’staskbar. The precise time can be found at www.cycle-trader.com/time.htm. Itis the current time of Naval Observatory atomic clock in Boulder, Colorado.

Click on an item below for more information.

"Manual" Items From Top Menu

Next Topic - Calculating Planetary Cycles (Manual Mode)

Calculating Planetary Cycles (Manual Mode)

As an example of how easy it is to use CycleTimer to calculate cycles withoutopening a chart window, follow these steps:

1. From the row of buttons on the bottom of the screen select in this orderSynodic, Jupiter, and Uranus. The buttons should look like this:

2. In the toolbar at the top of the screen enter "15" in the box to the left of

"Delta". This is the number of degrees between each cycle axis. A positivenumber calculates cycles forward in time. A negative number calculatesback in time.

3. Enter the number of cycles you want to calculate by selecting the Manualmenu option at the top of the screen and entering "5" in the box titledNumber Of Cycles To Calculate.

4. Click the Calculate icon on the top toolbar or on the bottom of theManual menu, both do the same thing.

A spreadsheet called a DataView will open showing the cycle calculations. Thisexample calculates 5 cycles of heliocentric Jupiter-Uranus moving forward intime 15 degrees from "now". The result is shown below. The user can scrollacross the DataView to see additional cycle data, such as the total degrees movedand calendar days from the starting point.

DataView of Jupiter-Uranus Calculated 15 degrees Forward in Time

Next Topic - Opening A Chart Window

Opening A Chart Window

To open a chart window:

1. Click the Open A Chart Window icon on the top toolbar, 2. The Data Read window shown below will open. This setup should be

familiar to the user where you navigate to the directory of your data fileby selecting the drive, folder, and data format.

3. Press List Files to list all the files of the selected format that are in theselected folder.

4. Select the data file you want to chart from the box on the right andpress Chart. The Graph Control will be opened and if the data is non-ASCII a chart of the selected data will be drawn. If the data format isASCII the ASCII Data Read Window will open, prompting the user forthe correct ASCII format.

Click on a specific item for more information.

Data Read Window

After following the steps outlined above, the Chart Window, shown below,is opened and a new toolbar is added on the left of the window. The toptoolbar also shows new icons for manipulating the chart, such as zooming,changing to weekly or monthly, etc. Right clicking on the toolbars allowsthem to be customized and they can be moved if the user prefers a differentlocation.

When a new chart is opened only one window is visible, but there areactually 3 separate windows separated by splitter bars. The top and bottomsplitter bars are slid all the way to the top (and bottom) so only the middlewindow holding the chart is visible. To view the top window just slide thetop splitter bar down. This exposes the DataView Window , which is aspreadsheet showing all the planetary data for the cycles drawn on the chart.This convenient arrangement of windows allows the user to draw cycles onthe chart while simultaneously having access to the data for each cycledirectly above it. The bottom splitter bar separates the chart from the Speed

Window. It is initially locked in the down position until the user chooses aplanet’s speed to display.

You can familiarize yourself with each of the tools shown below by clickingthe icons. Return here with the 'Back' menu button.

Next Topic - Using The Graph Control

Using The Graph Control

CycleTimer comes with a graph control that allows the user to customizehis chart setup. It is through this control that the user sets colors, titles, charttype, and much more. Even saving the chart to disk or clipboard is donehere. Right clicking anywhere on the chart window produces the GraphControl window shown below. It must be noted that CycleTimer does notsupport some of the charting options shown on the control. For example,the 2D charting options shown below has several that are not implemented.CycleTimer only allows the user to choose the three options: line, HLC(and OHLC), and Candlestick. If the user selects one of the other options,such as polar, the chart will revert back to one of the other three chart typeswhen the property pages are closed.

The Graph Control comes with its own complete Help system usingWinHelp. Simply select the Help tab from the Graph Control window thenclick on the item of interest for an explanation.

The user should experiment with these pages to see how varied his optionsare. Statistical lines, moving averages, candlestick width, copying charts tothe clipboard or to disk are all done in this control. The clipboard icon onthe top toolbar only copies the selected DataView data to the clipboard.It does NOT copy the chart to the clipboard, which is done in theGraph control.

If the user wants to save his chart in GIF format he must first copy it to theclipboard then paste it into a program supporting GIF format, such asWindows Paint, which comes with all versions of Windows. This graphcontrol does not support directly exporting the chart in GIF format. PressingAlt | Print Scrn will copy the whole screen to the clipboard. To copy justthe graph choose the System page of this control.

Graph Control PropertyPages

Next Topic - Calculating Planetary Cycles Automatic Mode

Calculating Planetary Cycles (Automatic Mode)

If there is not a value entered in the Manual menu item, "Number Of CyclesTo Calculate", then CycleTimer is running in the automatic mode and itcalculates all the cycles from the starting date of the chart window to theend plus one past the end. This allows the user to see the next projectedcycle date beyond the chart window. CycleTimer also calculates all thecycles from the start back in time, plus one past the end of the chart on theleft.

If the user has opened a separate DataView Window that is not associatedwith a chart then a value must be entered in the Number Of Cycles ToCalculate so CycleTimer will know when to stop calculating cycles.

To automatically calculate the cycles on a chart the user simply does thefollowing:

1. Click the Cycle Anchor tool, on the left toolbar.2. Select the desired planetary options from the bottom row of buttons3. Enter the degrees between each cycle axis in the "Delta" box on the

top toolbar. 4. Press and hold the left mouse button and move the crosshairs to the

desired top or bottom.

When the left mouse button is released the cycles are automaticallycalculated for the entire chart window beginning at the date of thecrosshairs. If more cycle projections are needed the user enters the manualmode by clicking the Manual menu item and entering the number of cyclesto calculate. In this mode CycleTimer begins at the cycle anchor date andcalculates the entered number of cycles. When a negative number is enteredfor the degrees between cycle axes the calculations are back in time.

Shown below is an example of a soybean chart with the Saturn-Uranussynodic 15-degree cycle. The numbers at the top of the cycle lines are barcounts, in this case weeks. The numbers at the bottom of the cycle lines arecycle counts with zero being the anchor date and negative numbersindicating cycles calculated back in time. When using a geocentric

perspective the cycle numbers (along the bottom) will repeat if the sameangle is hit more than once due to retrograde motion. Also shown below isthe DataView associated with the cycles shown on the chart.

Saturn-Uranus 15-Degree Cycles in Soybeans

Next Topic - Resolution

Resolution

CycleTimer uses the Swiss Ephemeris. This is a compressed version of theJPL ephemeris and is the most accurate available with a resolution of1/1000 of an arc second. CycleTimer maintains this resolution by usingdouble precision floating point on all related calculations.

The key to taking full advantage of this resolution is to make sure thecorrect starting date and time are given to CycleTimer for the calculations.A good resolution will not help much if the entered starting time is offseveral days from the actual date of the market turn. The first thing thatmust be done if using the "now" feature for the starting date is to make surethe system clock is correct. Check your system clock by comparing it to theAtomic Clock in Boulder, Colorado, which is available at www.cycle-trader.com/time.htm. You will need Netscape, which you can downloadfrom this same site.

When using the Cycle Anchor tool, it must be understood that CycleTimerreads the date of the selected bar and uses it to set the start date. Most bardata has the date and time value that is at the end of the specified timerange. For example, if you are using monthly bars the date of each bar isusually the last trading day of the month. However, the actual top or bottommay have occurred on the first of the month, so your starting date can be offby as much as one bar. On a monthly or yearly chart that is quite a lot.Similarly, on a weekly chart if the turn occurred on a Monday, the date ofthe bar will be the end of the week, which is Friday. The correct way to usethe Cycle Anchor tool is to get an approximation of the cycle of interest,then narrow down the window of the actual starting date and time bylooking at your daily, or even better intraday data.

Next Topic - Sidereal Cycles

Sidereal Cycles

Sidereal is chosen when the user wants to use the movements of a singleplanet as measured relative to the background of "fixed" stars. They arecalled fixed because they are so far away from the sun that they appear tobe stationary. When using sidereal values the user will see references suchas "Mars is at 20 degrees of Leo". Leo is one area in the background offixed stars. Or, "Jupiter moved 120 degrees sidereal from 1984 to 1988".

On market charts the sidereal cycles are calculated from the date of one topor bottom to the next. CycleTimer typically looks for market turns alongsidereal movements of 15, 22.5, 30, 45, etc degrees from a previous top orbottom. However, the user can specify any displacement for which tosearch. This means that the location of a planet is determined at a previoustop or bottom, then a specified angular displacement is added to thatoriginal location to project the date of a future turn.

Many astrology books describe sidereal calculations.

Next Topic - Synodic Cycles

Synodic Cycles

Synodic values are the measurements of one planet measured relative toanother planet and NOT the background of fixed stars. When using synodicvalues the user will see such references as "Jupiter and Uranus are at a 120degree angle", meaning Jupiter and Uranus are 120 degrees apart on thatdate.

On market charts the synodic cycles are calculated from the date of one topor bottom to the next. CycleTimer typically looks for market turns alongsynodic movements of 15, 22.5, 30, 45, etc degrees from a previous top orbottom. However, the user can specify any displacement for which tosearch. This means that the location of a planet(s) is determined at aprevious top or bottom, then a specified angular displacement is added tothat original location to project the date of a future turn.

Many astrology books explain synodic values.

Next Topic - Stations Retrograde and Direct

Stations (Retrograde and Direct)

Sidereal Stations

Geocentric calculations include the phenomenon known as retrograde anddirect. These two are grouped together into the general description calledstations because they are the points in the heavens where a planet appears tobe stationary. Of course, a planet never actually stops motion in its orbit butwhen viewed from Earth it gives the appearance of stopping and movingbackward for a period of time. This illusion of reverse motion is caused bythe different speeds of the planets as they revolve around the sun. As a fastermoving planet catches and passes a slower moving planet the illusion ofstations is created. Almost all books on astrology describe stationary motionand the reader should consult one of those texts if he wants moreinformation. This manual is not intended to take the place of astrology texts.

CycleTimer is the most accurate calculator available to determine the exacttime and location where these stations occur. Resolutions are as good as1/1000 of an arc second. When the user calculates any geocentric cycle allthe stations within the time range of calculations are automaticallydetermined and displayed on the chart and related DataView. Both stationsare shown in the chart as dashed lines with "R" representing retrograde and"D" representing direct. The user has the option of turning the display ofstations on/off by checking the box titled Show Stations in the Optionsmenu item. The default condition is to show the stations so if the user doesnot want them displayed he must uncheck this box. It must be noted thatstations can occur several times in a year for some planets, such as Mercury.So if a cycle is calculated for several years it would probably be a good ideato disable the display of stations or the chart window will be filled with thoselines.

Another feature unique to CycleTimer is the calculation and display of theexact displacement between stations. Shown below is the DataView ofgeocentric sidereal Mars with the cycle axis set at 15 degrees. The seventhcolumn, Change (From Start), shows the change from the beginning cycleto the current cycle. When a station is displayed, as in the second and fifthrows, the displacement from the previous station is displayed. In this

example Mars was retrograde EXACTLY 190 30' 13.856" between 1/2/1995and 3/24/1995, New York time zone.

DataView Of Geocentric Sidereal Mars

Synodic Stations

Another unique feature of CycleTimer is the calculation of apparent stationsfor synodic cycles, i.e., two planets instead of one. When a synodic cycle iscalculated CycleTimer determines the precise time and location where theangular displacement between the two cycles stops changing and reversesdirection. For example, if geocentric Jupiter and Mars are studied Mars willgive the appearance of "chasing" Jupiter across the heavens because it orbitsat a much faster velocity. However, when Mars approaches its retrogradestation it will give the appearance of slowing down, stopping at its station,then reversing direction. When Mars begins slowing down it will beapproaching Jupiter at a slower rate than it was before it began to slowdown. At some point in this slowing down process Mars will not beapproaching Jupiter at all and their positions relative to each other willappear to be unchanging. CycleTimer displays the point where Mars hasslowed enough that it is no longer approaching Jupiter as the SynodicStation. These points are shown both on the chart and related DataView as"R" and "D". These synodic stations are NOT the Sidereal Stations of eitherMars or Jupiter, as described at the beginning of this topic.

Next Topic - Inner Planets

Inner Planets (Mercury And Venus)

From a geocentric perspective, the inner planets are those orbiting betweenthe Earth and Sun, i.e., Mercury and Venus. These two planets have anapparent motion different from all the other planets because an observerfrom Earth sees them following the Sun across the sky and oscillating backand forth from one side to the other. Mercury will typically move from 23degrees on one side of the Sun to 23 degrees on the other side, making atotal trip averaging 46 degrees. This is shown below in a DataView ofgeocentric, synodic, Mercury-Sun. The column of data on the right showsthe degrees moved by Mercury relative to the sun between its synodicstations, CycleTimer is the only program that provides this information. Tosee how far Mercury moves for a complete round trip all you do is addtogether two successive columns. When this is done the round trip valueaverages 92 degrees, which is the distance traveled by Venus from onesynodic station to the next, i.e., one side of the sun to the other.

Venus also gives the appearance of oscillating back and forth from one sideof the Sun to the other but because it is further away, it typically moves from46 degrees on one side to 46 degrees on the other side, making the round trip92 degrees. This is shown below in a DataView of geocentric, synodic,Venus-Sun. The right hand column shows the degrees between synodic

stations. Notice they are twice the values of the Mercury-Sun cycle shownabove.

What this means for cycle analysis is that Mercury relative to the sun willnever move more than 45-52 degrees before reversing direction andreturning all the way to the other side of the sun. The same with Venusexcept it never moves more than 90-95 degrees relative to the sun beforereversing direction. So if the user of CycleTimer asks it to calculate ageocentric synodic Mercury-Sun cycle of 120 degrees, it will never happen.To handle this special situation CycleTimer calculates the cumulativedegrees moved by the Mercury-Sun, Venus-Sun, and Mercury-Venus cycles.Using the above example, if the user enters 120 degrees in the box on the toptoolbar and selects geocentric, synodic, Mercury-Sun, CycleTimer willcalculate the degrees from the starting point to the next synodic station thencontinue to add to that cumulative total the degrees moved back until a totalof 120 degrees have been traversed. When the angle between Mercury-Sunoccurs again during the reverse motion, this angle will be shown in theDataView and on the chart.

This example shows once again the beautiful order in the Solar System. TheSun, Mercury, Venus, and Earth are spaced just far enough apart that Venusappears to us to move twice as far away from the Sun as does Mercury. AVenus trip from one side of the Sun to the other is 1/4 of a complete 360-

degree cycle and for Mercury it is 1/8 of a cycle. And for students of theSquare Of Twelve, they will be interested to know that when Mercury ismoving in the same direction as the sun its trip from one synodic station tothe next is about 72 days and when Venus is moving in a direction oppositethat of the sun its trip averages 142-143 days. The user can verify all thesenumbers by calculating a few cycles and checking the DataView.

Next Topic - WD Gann's Price by Degree

WD Gann's Price by Degree

New to Version 2 is the addition of Gann's Price by Degree. This techniqueconverts a planet's longitude to price and uses it as a support/resistance line.Gann explained it in his courses, which are reproduced on pages 84-86 inRare Writings of WD Gann.

To plot the Price by Degree of any body click "Price x Degree" on the topmenu and select any number of bodies. Click "Overlay Longitude On Chart"to plot these cycles on your price chart.

If you make any changes to your cycle, such as changing from heliocentricto geocentric, click the "Calculate Speed And Longitude" button torecalculate the cycles using the new settings.

Price x Degree Menu to Select Bodies, Means, Speed on Chart

One of Gann's personal charts of May soybeans( reproduced from RareWritings of WD Gann) is shown below as an example of how easy it is toplot Price by Degree with CycleTimer. Gann hand plotted the Price byDegree of Mars and Jupiter on this chart.

WD Gann's Personal Price by Degree Chart in May Soybeans

CycleTimer easily reproduces this chart as shown below.

CycleTimer's Plot of Gann's Price by Degree in May Soybeans

Another example is shown below in the monthly chart of the SP500 from1984 to 2012. The mean longitude of the Moon's North Node is plotted withCycleTimer. Each red line is separated by 360 points in SP price. Some ofthe clear support and resistance areas are circled.

Price by Degree - Moon's North Node in Monthly SP500

Next Topic - Gann's Mean of Five and Cycle of Eight

WD Gann's Mean of Five and Cycle of Eight

Unique to CycleTimer is the ability to plot Gann's "Mean of Five" and"Cycle of Eight" (See page 131 in Rare Writings of WD Gann) using 3different means: Harmonic, Arithmetic, and Geometric. Simply select the 5(or 8) planets and one of the Means.

WD Gann's Mean of Five Planets (Mars Left Out)

Plotting the mean of several planets can make a very cluttered chart if all theplanets are also plotted. If only the mean is desired plotted on the chart, theplanets can be hidden in the Format Tool window. Click the cycle to behidden, check the "Hide this Cycle" box, and Save. Do not forget to clickSave after changing the characteristics of each cycle. Click OK whenfinished editing all cycles.

Hiding Planets From Chart

Selecting eight planets and the Arithmetic Mean produces the chart belowwhen all the individual planet cycles are hidden.

WD Gann's Cycle of Eight Planets

Next Topic - Transits

Transits

Added to Version 2 is the ability to easily calculate EXACT transits. Withearlier versions the user would simply put a number into the "delta degree"box and drag the crosshairs to a chart bar. This calculates the "delta degrees"from that starting point forward and backward in time.

The addition of Transits allows the user to not only find "delta degrees" fromsome starting point, but also to find absolute longitude of a planet, or angle ifsynodic. For transits, this is when the planet crosses into a new sign atlongitudes 00, 300, 600, etc.

For example, the below chart selects the sidereal Mars cycle the same asbefore to calculate a 30 degrees "delta degree". However, this time a "0" isentered into the "Orb" box. This tells CycleTimer to calculate absolutelocations when the Calculate button is pressed, rather than the "deltadegree" from a starting point. If the "Orb" box is cleared and the Calculatebutton pressed the "delta degree" from the starting point is calculated.Dragging the crosshairs of the Cycle Anchor tool will always compute "deltadegree" not transits.

Shown highlighted below, the absolute locations where Mars enters eachsign are calculated when the Calculate button is pressed using the belowconfiguration. These 300 increments are the exact locations where Marstransits each sign of the zodiac. Any value between 0-360 can be entered inthe "Delta" box.

Exact Heliocentric Mars Transits of Each Sign (300)

Entering a value other than zero into "Orb" will adjust the calculationsaccordingly. For example, the below chart uses a -1.50 orb for the same Marscycle. The highlighted DataView shows the exact locations where Mars was1.50 before the 300 delta. Entering a positive number in Orb will calculatelocations after the exact delta. For example, entering 1 will calculate 310,610, 910, etc

Mars Heliocentric Transits With -1.50 Orb

Multiple cycles can also be charted. Below are the heliocentric andgeocentric transits of Mars into each sign of the zodiac.

Exact Mars Transits in Both Heliocentric and Geocentric

If the cycle is synodic the absolute angle between them is found, such asconjunction 00, 300, 600, etc. This is a very powerful tool that allows the userto find, for example, EXACTLY when the Moon crosses its North Node(conjunction). The below daily chart of the SP500 sets both "delta" and"orb" to 00. The lower toolbar button is programmed to "North Node" via theFormat Tool window. Synodic is selected, then N Node, then the Moonbutton is clicked twice to arrive at the configuration shown below. The cycleanchor crosshairs button is clicked and dragged to any date on the chart as astarting date. This keeps the calculations within the chart window.Otherwise, many unnecessary conjunctions may be calculated from someother start date. Finally, the calculate button is pressed.

Moon Crossing its True North Node

See Also:Nodes and Apsides

Next Topic - Aspectarian

Aspectarian

One of the new features added to Version 2 is the Aspectarian. It allows theuser to find the aspects (angles) between all planets on any date/time. Theuser can set the date by dragging the aspect crosshairs to a bar on his chart,or by entering the date/time in the Manual menu.

As shown below, clicking the "ASPT" tool opens a blank AspectarianWindow. Un-selecting the ASPT tool clears the Aspectarian and closes itswindow.

The user can have the four separate windows open at the same time fordetailed cycle analysis.

1. Aspectarian Window on the top.2. DataView Window below the Aspectarian.3. Chart showing cycles, Price by Degree, and other technical tools below

the DataView.4. Speed Window below the chart.

Blank Aspectarian Window

Select the date by clicking your mouse on the chart and dragging to any bar.The aspects previously selected in the "Format Aspectarian Window" arecalculated. The "Orb of Influence" for both primary and secondary aspectsare also selected in the Format Aspectarian Window. Primary aspects arehighlighted with dark green and secondary aspects with light green.

Aspects Calculated on Selected Date

Next Topic - Errors

Errors

When CycleTimer detects an error in its execution it opens a windowsimilar to the one shown below. To help track down the source of this errorplease type into the white pane in the middle what you were doing when theerror occurred. Be as specific as possible so the conditions can bereproduced that caused the error. A file will be created named CTError.logand will be placed in the CycleTimer Intraday user application folder. Thisfolder varies by operating system.

XP C:\Documents and Settings\[user name]\Local Settings\ApplicationData\CycleTimer Intraday\CTError.log

Non-XP C:\Users\[user name]\AppData\Local\CycleTimerIntraday\CTError.log

If you do not see the "App Data" folder, click on the main menu "View" ->Hidden Items. This folder also contains any exported bar data and theworkspace XML file.

After typing in what you were doing when the error occurred, click theContinue button, save your workspaces if you wish, and exit CycleTimer.Do not try to continue using the program without exiting first. TheContinue button is only there to let you save your workspace beforeexiting.

ErrorTrapping Window Opens When An Error Occurs

Next Topic - Projections Using The Ellipse

Projections Using The Ellipse

An example of an ellipse (two-dimensional simple harmonic motion)defining the containment perimeter of price-time can be seen in the belowchart., which is weekly soybeans for four years beginning in 1992. Thesection studied is between the two 15-degree Saturn-Uranus axes #4 and#5shown in the example of planetary cycles.

Diagonal EllipseWith Inner And Outer Circles

Just a few of the key features of this chart are marked with arrows. Noticethat the price-time action followed the curve of the outer circle prior toOctober ‘92, after which, the trend was linear along the major axis. Themiddle of the ellipse occurred in July ‘93 where the spike top took prices upnearly one dollar in just a few weeks, then dropping back to the major axis.This spike top was directly along the 45-degree axis of the ellipse. Alsonotice that the major price collapse did not occur when the terminus was hitbut a few days later when the perimeter was penetrated. Prices collapseduntil October ‘94 when the edge of the outer circle ended in time.

Next Topic - Projections Using Planetary Cycles

Projections Using Static Planetary Cycles

The topic on automatically calculating planetary cycles should be readbefore studying this topic.

Classic astrofinance uses a set of fixed angles, such as 30, 45, 60, 90 topredict market turns and tries to force the market into those precepts. Four-Dimensional Stock Market Structures And Cycles introduced the premisethat cycle projections should be made from previous market turns,regardless of the location of the planets on that date. For example, if amajor bottom occurred when Saturn and Uranus were at a 66-degree angle(as shown on Chart VIII.G in the above mentioned textbook), then thenext projected turn would be 15 or 30 degrees from there, or at 81 and 96degrees. Before making a projection the user would check back in timefrom his top or bottom to see if the cycle under study aligned with previousmarket turns. CycleTimer makes this type of analysis easy by allowing theuser to move the crosshairs over to a top or bottom and let CycleTimerbegin its calculations from that date. The chart shown below shows anexample of this technique applied to a 15-year soybean chart. This is ChartXV.F in Bradley Cowan’s book Market Science Volume II – MarketDynamics.

Finally, note in this example that cycle axes #4 and #5 are related to theexample of projections using the ellipse with #4 being the origin of theellipse #5 the edge of the outer circle in time.

15-DegreeAxes Of Saturn-Uranus With Projected Future Dates

Next Topic - Projections Using Dynamic Planetary Cycles

Projections Using Dynamic Planetary Cycles

Another unique feature of CycleTimer is the ability to dynamically changethe displacement of successive cycle axes. In previous examples, thedisplacement between the cycle axes was static, meaning it did not change.When a cycle was set for 15 degrees, each cycle measured 15 degrees fromthe cycle immediately preceding it. For example, if a cycle started when aplanet was at zero degrees the static cycles axes are calculated at 15, 30, 45,etc. However, if the user wants to dynamically expand or contract theseangles by a ratio all he needs to do is enter that ratio in the Manual menuitem in the box titled Dynamic Expansion (Or Decomposition) Ratio.CycleTimer automatically looks for a value in this box and multiplies eachsuccessive cycle axis by it. Shown below is an example of Mars with theinitial axis displacement set to 45 degrees, meaning the angulardisplacement between the cycle starting date and the first calculated axis is45 degrees. The ratio entered is 0.618, meaning each successive axis will be0.618 multiplied by the angle immediately preceded it. Since the initial axisis 45 degrees, the second axis is 45 x 0.618 = 27.81 degrees from itspredecessor. The third axis is 27.81 x 0.618 = 17.19 degrees from itspredecessor. This process of decomposition is continued until the calculatedaxes are less than one calendar day apart. In the case of expansion, theprocess is continued until the two successive axes are 3600 degrees apart, or10 complete cycles.

DynamicDecomposition of Mars Angular Displacement by 0.618

Next Topic - Projections Using Symmetry Around Stations

Projections Using Symmetry Around Stations

Another technique developed by Bradley Cowan is called SymmetryAround Stations. This principle of symmetry states that if a market turnoccurs close to a retrograde station and the angle where that turn occurred isrepeated on the other side of the station then one of two outcomes isprobable:

1. When the angle is repeated during the retrograde period odds favor amarket turn.

2. If a turn does not occur during the retrograde period as described in (1)then the turn will occur after the planet goes direct and the angle iscrossed again.

CycleTimer is designed to make this analysis easy. The user just moves thecrosshairs of the Cycle Anchor to the left of the retrograde station untileither a market turn is encountered or the crosshairs have moved an amountequal to the distance spent in retrograde, at which point the angles no longerrepeat during the retrograde period.

Shown below is an example of the stations of Mars plotted with soybeans.The stations are shown with a dashed line and an "R" or "D" below it. Thecrosshairs for the Cycle Anchor are moved to the bottom in October, 1977.The market turn during the retrograde period and the market turn after Marsgoes direct are automatically calculated and plotted. The three cycles shownall have a "0" at the bottom because they are the same cycle, i.e., Mars is atthe exact same location at all three dates.

Symmetry OfMarket Turns Around Stations

Next Topic - Multiple Cycle Projections

Multiple Cycle Projections

Clicking on the Add Another Cycle icon, on the left toolbar allows theuser to put multiple cycles on the active chart. CycleTimer allows as manycycles on a chart as desired, however more than three or four clutters it withtoo many lines. Opening multiple windows is recommended if more thanfour cycles are drawn. The longer-term cycles can be drawn on one chartand the shorter-term cycles on the other.

After calculating the first cycle on the chart, simply press the Add AnotherCycle icon and repeat the process. For example, shown below is a chart ofmonthly soybeans covering 26 years. The cycles shown in red areheliocentric Uranus every 16.875 degrees. 16.875 is the harmonic of 67 1/2degrees that divides it into 1/4. Four-Dimensional Stock MarketStructures And Cycles (Chart V.C) showed the importance of the number67 1/2 because it is 1 1/2 times forty-five. When the user changes theplanetary buttons to Synodic, Saturn, and Uranus, clicks on the AddAnother Cycle icon, and clicks on the Calculate icon, the second cycle willbe shown on the chart with the same start date as the previous cycle. If youwant to use a different start date, simply select the Cycle Anchor icon andmove the crosshairs to that date, or enter it manually through the Manualmenu item. Repeat the process for more cycles. Each successive cycle is adifferent color and vertically offset from its predecessors to make themeasily distinguishable.

Sidereal Uranusand Synodic Saturn-Uranus Cycles

Notice in the above chart how the Saturn-Uranus harmonic subdivides theUranus harmonic. This is because their periods are close, Uranus is 84 yearsand two Saturn-Uranus cycles is 90 years. Furthermore, when the completecycles of Uranus are studied over a period of several years it is seen that thefirst 180-degree movement corresponds very closely with one complete 45-year Saturn-Uranus cycle. The second 45-year Saturn-Uranus cyclecorresponds with a 180-degree Uranus cycle plus one additional 7-yearcycle, or one sign. This is due to the elliptical nature of the planets orbits.

Next Topic - Projections Using Static Time Price Ratios

Projections Using Static Time/Price Ratios

Static ratios are set in the Time and Price tabs in the Tool Format Window.If you want to use static ratios make sure there is no value in the dynamicratio box in the Tool Format window because dynamic ratios have priority.Shown below is an example of both time and price static ratio analysis withboth tools set to show ratios of .38, .5, and .62.

Ratios of 0.38, 0.5,and 0.62 in Time

Ratios of 0.38, 0.5, and 0.62 in Price

Next Topic - Projections Using Dynamic Time Price Ratios

Projections Using Dynamic Time/Price Ratios

The Price and Time Ratio tools allow the user to draw both dynamic andstatic ratio lines in both price and time. Dynamic ratio lines change betweeneach successive occurrence by a predetermined ratio. For example, if theuser has the ratio set to 0.618 each successive occurrence will be 0.618times its predecessor. If the first cycle is ten days from the start the secondcycle will be 6.18 days from the first, and the third will be 6.18 x 0.618 =3.82 days from the second.

Dynamic ratios are set in the Time and Price tabs in the Tool FormatWindow. When a value is entered in the dynamic ratio box all staticratios are ignored, i.e., the dynamic ratio has priority. Shown below areexamples of both price and time dynamic contraction with the dynamicratios of both set to 0.618, meaning each of the ratios are 0.618 times itspredecessor.

The difference between this tool and the dynamic decomposition ofplanetary cycles is that this tool uses time and price whereas the planetarytool uses angular displacement.

As with the planetary decomposition, the time cycles are decomposed untilthe ratio is less than one calendar day from its predecessor. With price ratiosthe decomposition is continued until the ratio is less than 1% of the pricescale of the chart.

Dynamic TimeContraction by 0.618

Dynamic Price Contraction by 0.618

Next Topic - Projections Using The Price-Time Vector (PTV)

Projections Using The Price-Time Vector (PTV)

Three examples of the PTV are shown below, which is a seven-year weeklychart of the DMark. The PTV tool used in this example is formatted, via thePTV tab in the Tool Format window, to have a price multiplier of 4. This isa way of balancing price/time at any stage of the growth process. The userselects the appropriate multiplier so the legs of the base PTV areapproximately the same. This procedure is explained in PTV - Price AndTime Scales.

More advanced students of Four-Dimensional Stock Market StructuresAnd Cycles will notice that the triangle comprising the middle PTV has thetime and price components reversed from that of the first and thirdtriangles, i.e., the time component of the middle PTV is equal to the pricecomponent of the first and third. In other words, if you rotated the firsttriangle 90 degrees it would be the second triangle. And if you rotated thesecond triangle 90 degrees it would be the third triangle. This phenomenonof rotating price and time values is described in Table G.1 in Four-Dimensional Stock Market Structures And Cycles and identifies atetrahedral structure in price-time.

This predetermined length of the PTV allows the user to define the arc thatwill provide support/resistance in price-time. Knowing that the first andsecond PTVs were 94, the user would have drawn an arc of that length fromthe bottom in ’94 and expected resistance when the action arrived there.This happened at the top in early ’95.

Price-Time Vector

Data Formats Supported

CycleTimer reads the following data formats in Daily, Weekly, Monthly,Yearly:

CSIMetastock / ComputracTechnical Tools / DBaseASCIITeleChart2000

Free Data Online

Yahoo provides free ASCII data for thousands of stocks at their websitewww.finance.yahoo.com. Earlier versions of CycleTimer requiredimporting that data into a spreadsheet and inverting the order, i.e., puttingmost recent date on bottom instead of top. This is no longer necessary withCycleTimer 2, making importing the free Yahoo data very simple.

The downloaded Yahoo file is saved as "table.csv" with no end-of-lineseparators. Simply open that file in Wordpad and "Save As" ->Filename.TXT. That will put the missing line separators in the file. Somenewer versions of Wordpad use "Save As" -> Other Formats -> TextDocument - MS-DOS Format. You can do the same thing in anyspreadsheet. The file is then ready for reading into CycleTimer. No fileinversion is necessary.

Because Yahoo adds a column "Adjusted Close", you choose "Date-Open-High-Low-Close-Volume-Other" in the DataRead window. If you want touse the "Adjusted Close" you choose that in Customize.

TC2000 (TeleChart2000)

TeleChart2000 is a charting package developed by Worden Brothers Inc.Their primary business is in stock data vending so they give away theircharting software free. What is good about the CD-ROM they send out withtheir software is that it includes a free stock market historical database.CycleTimer is designed to read this data when the TeleChart2000 programis installed on the user’s computer. The software and database is available atwww.TC2000.com or by calling (800) 776-4940.

After the TC2000 software is installed, the user of CycleTimer simplyinserts the historical data CD-ROM, selects the TC2000 data format fromthe Data Read Window, and clicks on the List Files button. The TC2000Data Read Window shown below is then opened, where you select thedesired file to export to CycleTimer.

When you select a stock or index from the list box a sample chart is show inthe window on the right. To export the data to CycleTimer you click theExport Data button. The documentation with the TC2000 softwareexplains some of the other indicators that are shown below, such as theMoney Stream and BOP. Clicking the View Data Sheet option replaces thecharting window with various data of the stock or index.

Click on a specific item for more information.

TeleChartt2000 DataRead Window

ASCII Data Read

ASCII data requires an additional step, because, unlike CSI or Metastock,ASCII data does not follow a standard format. After clicking the Chartbutton on the Data Read Window, the ASCII Format Window shownbelow opens allowing the user to select the format of his ASCII data. Thefirst lines of the file are show so the user can easily identify the order of thedata, such as High, Low, Close, etc. The Column Delimiters is thecharacter(s) that separate the data items, usually a comma. After the correctformat has been selected, just click on the Chart button to chart the data.

If the format of the data file will be used again in the future, or if the order ofthe data is not one of the standard formats shown in the Choose Order OfData view, you can set up a customized ASCII template. You open thewindow to do this by clicking the Customize button shown below, enteringthe data format, and saving it to disk. The window below shows a format,titled "sp" , that had been previously saved to disk. The next time this data isto be read all that is needed is to click on one of these items then click theChart button.

Top of Selected ASCII File

The top lines of an ASCII file are often headers describing the format,such as date, time, high, etc. Some other ASCII files include other non-data lines at the top. These must be skipped. You can also use thisfeature to chart only the last part of a large file.

Order of Data Fields

Select the order of the data fields. If you have ASCII data that does notfit one of the standard formats you can create a custom ASCII templateby clicking on the Customize button. After the custom template hasbeen created and saved its name will show here so it only needs to becreated once.

Column Delimiter

Select the character that separates each of the data columns. Usually itis a comma, but can also be a space or tab. Click on a row of data in thetop pane and move the back arrow to see if it is tab(s) or space(s)delimited.

Lines at Top to Skip

The top lines of an ASCII file are often headers describing the format,such as date, time, high, etc. Some ASCII files also include other non-data lines at the top. These must be skipped. You can also use thisfeature to chart only the last part of a large file.

Date Format

Select the order of Year, Month, Days in your data file. For example,June 29, 2013 may look like this in your data file: 20130629 or2013/6/29. The correct Date Format for that data is YMD.

Chart

Chart the data after all the other options in this window have beenchosen.

Cancel

Cancel this operation and return to the previous window.

Customize

Clicking this button opens the Customize ASCII Format Window.

Delete

Clicking the Delete button permanently removes the selected customtemplate from disk.

Customizing ASCII Format

Most of the common ASCII formats are included in the ASCII Data ReadWindow. However, if you have data that is in a format not included in thatwindow, you can make a customized template and store it for future use.This only needs to be done once because after it is saved it will appear as anoption in the ASCII Data Read Window .

To create a customized ASCII template press the Customize button in theASCII Data Read Window . This opens the window shown below. Theboxes in the middle are where the user enters the order of the columns of hisdata. If the "Date" is in the first column enter a one in that box. If "Open" isin the second column enter two in that box, and so on. If the data does nothave any of the items listed just enter a zero in that box. For example, thedata shown below has no "Time" so there is a zero in that box.

The drop-down box in the lower right hand corner allows selection of thedate format. The underscore "_" is used as a separator. For example, if thedata is 1980/12/31 it is represented as YYYY_MM_DD because the "/"character separates the years from the months and the months from the days.If there were no separators, as shown below, the date format isYYYYMMDD, with no underscores.

After the correct format has been selected, a name is entered for thetemplate, and the Save button is pressed. This name will now show up in theASCII Data Read Window.

Top of Selected ASCII File

The top lines of an ASCII file are often headers describing the format,such as date, time, high, etc. Some other ASCII files include other non-data lines at the top. These must be skipped. You can also use thisfeature to chart only the last part of a large file.

Order of Data Fields

Enter the column number of the indicated data. For example, if yourdata has the "Date" in column one, enter a one in that box. Enter a zeroif your data does not have the indicated data.

Column Delimiter

Select the character that separates each of the data columns. Usually itis a comma, but can also be a space or tab. Click on a row of data in the

top pane and move the back arrow to see if it is tab(s) or space(s)delimited.

Lines at Top to Skip

The top lines of an ASCII file are often headers describing the format,such as date, time, high, etc. Some ASCII files also include other non-data lines at the top. These must be skipped. You can also use thisfeature to chart only the last part of a large file.

Date Format

Select the order of Year, Month, Days in your data file. For example,June 29, 2013 may look like this in your data file: 20130629 or2013/6/29. The correct Date Format for that data is YMD.

Name Your Template and Save

Clicking the Save button saves to disk the configuration of the ASCIIdata with the entered name.

Chart

Chart the data after all the other options in this window have beenchosen.

Cancel

Cancel this operation and return to the previous window.

Export Data to ASCII File

New to Version 2 is the ability to convert Metastock, CSI, TC2000 formatteddata to ASCII.

After the chart window is opened click File -> Export Bar Data to ASCIIFile. This will save the ASCII file on the users workspace. The completepath and filename are shown in a pop-up window.

Export to ASCII File

Chart Window

The Chart window shown below is opened after the user selects a data file inthe Data Read Window and clicks on the Chart button

A new toolbar is added to the left of the window and the top toolbar adds theicons for manipulating the chart, such as zooming, changing to weekly ormonthly, etc. Right clicking on the toolbars allows them to be customizedand they can also be moved if the user prefers a different location.

When a new chart is opened only one window is visible, but there areactually 4 separate windows separated by splitter bars. The top and bottomsplitter bars are slid all the way to the top (and bottom) so only the middlewindow holding the chart is visible. To view the top window just slide thetop splitter bar down. This exposes the DataView Window associated withthe chart shown in the middle window. The DataView window is aspreadsheet showing all the planetary data for the cycles drawn on the chart.This convenient arrangement of windows allows the user to draw cycles onthe chart while simultaneously having access to the data for each cycledirectly above it.

Above the DataView window is the Aspectarian window. It is only visiblewhen the Aspectarian tool button is pressed.

The bottom splitter bar separates the chart from the Speed Window. It isinitially locked in the down position until the user chooses a planet’s speedto display.

Click the icons for more information.

Opened Chart Window With Toolbars

See Also:Opening A Chart WindowOpening Multiple Windows

DataView Window

The DataView window shows the data about each calculated cycle. It isarranged as a spreadsheet with ten columns and as many rows as arenecessary to display all the cycles. A DataView is automatically openedabove all charts with a splitter bar separating them. A DataView can also beopened at any time independent of any chart by clicking on the OpenDataView Window icon, in the top toolbar.

A DataView window independent of the chart under study is helpful whenanalyzing multiple cycles. The user can open multiple windows and haveone dedicated only to calculating data for a particular cycle. Next to thatDataView he can open a chart window with its own DataView. As he movesthe crosshairs of the Cycle Anchor tool on his chart, he will be updating theDataView associated with that chart. And the separate DataView will not beaffected, so he is able to view the data from two cycles at the same time.

The columns in the DataView window are:

Axis

This is the cycle count. Heliocentric cycles will start at zero and countup in increments of one for cycles moving forward in time and downfor cycles moving back in time. Geocentric cycles may repeat becauseof retrograde motion, in which case the number in the Axis column willbe the same.

Planet

Lists the planet under study for sidereal or the two planets for synodic.

Longitude

Lists the longitude of the planet(s) at the cycle date. This value can bedisplayed in degrees-minutes-second format or decimal for export tospreadsheet to perform addition analysis. Click on the Options menuitem to choose the format.

Date and Time

Four possible formats of Date and Time can be selected in the Formatwindow.

Synodic Angle

Synodic Angle between the selected planets on the cycle date indicatedin column four.

Change (Previous Axis)

The change in angle from the date of the current cycle to the oneimmediately preceding it. This value should be the same as that enteredby the user.

Change (From Start)

Total degrees moved from the start of the cycle to the axis indicated incolumn one.

Calendar Days

Total calendar days from the start of the cycle to the axis indicated incolumn one.

Shown below is an example of the DataView of the Jupiter-Uranus synodiccycle starting in July 8, 2012 and moving forward in time 15 degrees.Screen size limits the number of columns that can be shown, but thecalendar days are accessible by scrolling. The width of each column can beadjusted by using the mouse to resize the header.

DataView Window Of Jupiter-Uranus With 15-Degree Axes

Displaying The Planet's Speed

New to Version 2 is the ability to overlay the planet's speed on your chart.Click the Price x Degree menu item and select a planet. Then click "OverlaySpeed On Chart" at the bottom of that same menu. Clicking "OverlayLongitude On Chart" will also plot the selected planet's longitude in Gann'sPrice by Degree format.

Speed Selected for Jupiter - Heliocentric

After you have selected a planet, its speed can also be plotted in a separatewindow by clicking View -> Speed Window. This opens the SpeedWindow, shown below.

Speed of Jupiter Plotted on the Chart and Below in a Separate Window

The user can select any combination of planets and add or subtract theirspeeds. If the subtract option is selected the speeds are successivelysubtracted starting from the top item in the menu. For example, if the Moon,Earth, and Mars are selected the speed of the Earth is subtracted from thespeed of the Moon. The speed of Mars is then subtracted from the result.

Shown below is an example of the heliocentric speeds of the Moon and Sunplotted with daily soybeans. The left window shows these two speedsindividually plotted, the Moon is in red and Earth in black. The rightwindow shows the same chart but with the speed of the Earth subtractedfrom that of the Moon.

Heliocentric Speed of Moon & Earth (Left)Speeds Subtracted (Right)

Opening Multiple Windows

Opening multiple windows is as easy as opening one. After the first windowis opened, simply repeat the steps by clicking either the Open ChartWindow or Open DataView Window icons. Clicking the Windowmenu item and selecting either vertical, horizontal, or cascade arranges thewindows. Shown below are two windows of soybeans. The chart on the leftis a 3-year period of weekly data. This chart is used for the largerperspective. The chart on the right is a 7-month period of daily soybeansbeginning in 1978. The user can easily move back and forth between thesetwo charts to adjust the cycles as he wishes. There is no limit to the numberof windows that can be opened but opened windows use computer resources,effectively slowing it down.

When planetary cycles are shown on a chart the related DataView can beviewed by pulling down the top splitter bar.

Multiple Windows Showing Weekly (Left) And Daily (Right) SP500

See Also:Opening A Chart Window

What Is A Workspace?

A workspace can be thought of as a group of Chart Windows andDataViews. In its simplest form it would be a single DataView window.Something as simple as this is rarely worth saving because it can berecreated with a couple mouse clicks, however, it is technically called aworkspace. A more practical use of workspaces is with charts orcombinations of charts. The charts can have whatever studies the user hasperformed including cycles, ellipses, PTVs, text, drawn items, SpeedWindows, etc. If there are several open windows, they are all groupedtogether into a single workspace. This allows the user to set up aconfiguration he likes with any market and save it for future use. That wayhe does not have to recreate all the charts and drawings each time he wantsto view or update the work he has already done.

Only one workspace can be opened at a time. Users familiar with OmegaProducts, such as TradeStation and SuperCharts, will find CycleTimer’sworkspaces different than they are use to. In CycleTimer, whenever aworkspace is retrieved from disk it is combined with whatever charts andDataViews are already open. This was a design consideration that makes iteasy to combine the charts of different workspaces into a single workspace.Also, having more than one workspace open at a time consumes a largeamount of the computers resources. If the user wants to open a secondworkspace he simply saves his currently opened workspace, closes it, andopens the new one.

See Also:Saving A Workspace Opening A Workspace

Saving A Workspace To Disk

After the user has created a workspace, he has two options for saving it todisk.

1. Click on the Save To Disk icon on the top toolbar, 2. Use the File | Save Workspace As menu sequence

Both of these options open the Save/Open workspace window shownbelow. Click on a specific item for more information.

Save A WorkspaceWindow

See Also:What Is A Workspace? Opening A Saved Workspace

Open A Saved Workspace

After the user has previously saved a workspace to disk he has two optionsfor reopening it.

1. Click on the Open Workspace icon on the top toolbar, 2. Use the File | Open Workspace menu sequence

Both of these options open the Save/Open workspace window shownbelow. Click on a specific item for more information.

Open A WorkspaceWindow

The data for all charts in the workspace are reloaded when the workspace isreopened. If the data has been updated the charts on the workspace will alsobe updated to reflect the new data. All cycles are also recalculated, so if thenew data includes another occurrence of a cycle it will be shown on theupdated chart.

See Also:What Is A Workspace? Saving A Workspace

Ellipse

The ellipse is studied extensively in Cowan’s first book Four-DimensionalStock Market Structures And Cycles. Figure 2.2.a in that book shows howto graphically create the ellipse using an inner and outer circle as the minorand major axes. This is the technique used by George Bayer years ago, buthe never mentions that it is called the "Trammel Method" of ellipseconstruction. The reader can search the Internet for "Trammel Ellipse" andfind several good articles about graphically constructing the ellipse.

The inquiring reader might want to know why the ellipse is so important inprice-time analysis. There are the obvious reasons, such as bodies inrevolving motion follow an elliptical path, but there is another reason that todate has been overlooked by market analysts. Scientists often breakvibrations down into their constituent components of simple harmonicmotion (SHM). SHM is what happens when you drop a weight attached to aspring. It bounces up and down. When this up and down motion is plottedas a function of time it produces the sine wave, as shown in Figure 9.1 ofFour-Dimensional Stock Market Structures And Cycles. The sine waverepresents SHM in one dimension, i.e., it moves straight up and down andnot to either side. However, when a second force acts on the body SHMoccurs in two dimensions and the resultant motion is elliptical. ElectricalEngineers are taught this early in their education by using an oscilloscopeand varying the phasing and amplitudes of the two sinusoidal inputs. Theform created on the oscilloscope screen is an ellipse that varies from a lineto a circle as the phase and amplitude of the two forces change. If the twoforces have equal amplitude and phasing the result is linear, which is aspecial case of the ellipse. Most market analysts do not realize when theyare drawing their linear trend lines that they are actually drawing a specialcase of the ellipse. Similarly, if the two forces have equal amplitude but areout of phase by 90 degrees the result is a circle, another form of the ellipse.As the amplitude and phasing are varied between the two extremesmentioned above, the result is the motion most commonly recognized as anellipse with a major and minor axis of unequal lengths.

This is the scientific basis of WD Gann’s 1x1 (45 degree angle) and 2x1.When the two forces (price and time) are of equal amplitude and in phase

the result is linear and follows a 45-degree angle. When the two forces arein phase but one has twice the amplitude of the other the result is linearmotion along the 2x1, or 63.5-degree angle.

Additional reading material on this subject can be found in introductoryphysics classes. A common textbook is Fundamentals of Physics by DavidHalliday and Robert Resnick. Study the section on simple harmonic motion,especially combination of harmonic motions.

Market analysts for years have tried to model stocks and commodities byusing the "Sum Of Sine Waves" approach. That’s a nice start, but betterresults are obtained if two dimensions are used for SHM, i.e., ellipse.

See Also:Projections Using The Ellipse Formatting The Ellipse

Ephemeris

A complete ephemeris was added with Version 2, which can be accessed atany time by licking the Ephemeris icon on the top toolbar. Most of theitems on this form are self-explanatory.

Price-Time Vector (PTV)

Cowan independently discovered the Price-Time Vector (PTV) in the early1980’s. This tool is described in great detail in Four-Dimensional StockMarket Structures And Cycles. This manual is no substitute for thatmaterial. Anyone interested in using this tool should consult that text for amore detailed description than is provided in this documentation.

The PTV is the hypotenuse of a right angle triangle with price and time asthe two legs. In its simplest form the time and price changes between twoturns are measured, these two values are then squared, summed, and rooted.This is the Pythagorean theorem, which states that the area of two squaresat right angles sum to the area of the square with the hypotenuse as a side.

Before using the PTV to make projections it is important that it has thecorrect scaling factors for the time and price sides of the triangle, which areset by selecting the PTV tab from the Tool Format Window. This windowis also where the line style used for the hypotenuse of the PTV is set. ThePTV uses whatever style is set in the Line tab. So if the user wants to drawPTVs with arrows he would select the arrow format in the Line tab beforedrawing the PTV. The color of the PTV is set in the PTV tab.

See Also:PTV - Price And Time Scales Projections Using The PTV

PTV - Scaling Price And Time Components

The PTV tab of the Tool Format window allows you to enter a multiplierfor both the price and time components of the PTV. The default values forthese multipliers is one, however, the user will want to set these values tothe conditions that exist in his particular market at the time of the study. Asan example of how this works, enter 5 for the time multiplier and 1 for theprice multiplier. When the PTV tool is selected and the PTV is drawn on thechart by left clicking the mouse and dragging, the time value shown for thePTV will be five times the actual time displacement. For example, if thePTV covered 10 days the PTV time value with the multiplier will be 10 x 5= 50. This feature is extremely important because it allows the PTV scalesto be set so that price and time will balance at the same ratios found in aprevious move. First, one of several procedures to set the scales will beoutlined then some examples will make it clearer. Because this documentcan be downloaded free by anyone over the Internet, the amount ofinformation provided must obviously be limited.

The procedure outline below is the technique known as balancing pricewith time for a specific move. Price and time balancing is a conceptfamiliar to Gann students and is most commonly used for the 45-degreeGann angle. For traders wanting more information on Gann’s approach tobalancing, it is explained in his Master Courses, which are available atwww.cycle-trader.com

To set balanced scales for the PTV:

1. In the PTV tab of the Tool Format Window make sure the PTVmultipliers are both initially set to one and that both Snap To boxesare checked.

2. Select the PTV tool from the left toolbar and draw a PTV between twoprominent turning points, bottom-to-top or top-to-bottom.

3. If the price component of this PTV is larger than the time componentdivide the price component by the time component. If the timecomponent is larger than the price component divide the time by theprice. This ratio is what you will enter into the boxes in the PTVformat window.

4. Delete your original PTV.5. Reopen the PTV tab in the Tool Format Window and enter the ratio

calculated above in the box of the smaller component. For example, ifthe price component is 50 and the time component is 10 the ratio is50/10 = 5. You would put a 5 in the PRICE multiplier box and a 1 inthe time multiplier.

6. Verify that you have done everything correctly by redrawing the PTVbetween the same two points used above. The time and pricecomponents of the PTV should now be equal and the angle shown inthe status bar should be 45. In our example both sides of the PTV willbe 50.

The PTV scales are now set to the conditions that caused price and time tobalance in the previous move. This scaling is used to measure future Price-Time movements relative to the original PTV. In our example the originalPTV was 50 so you would look for the subsequent movements in Price-Time, i.e., support/resistance arcs, to equal the original movement of 50multiplied by:

0.382 x 50 = 19.1

0.5 x 50 = 25

0.618x 50 = 30.9

1 x 50 = 50

1.382 x 50 = 69.1

1.5 x 50 = 75

1.618x 50 = 80.9

2 x 50 = 100

Shown below are examples of this approach using daily wheat in 1994.When both the price and time multipliers are set to one the ratio betweenthem is 115.25 / 70 = 1.6464. Since time is the smaller component, the time

multiplier is set to 1.6464 and the price multiplier is left at one. The resultof redrawing the PTV with the new multipliers is shown below. The 50%PTV retracement of the original move is shown along with the 50% priceratio line. These two intersect at only one point on the chart.

PTV With Time AndPrice Scaling At One

PTV With Scaling Set To Balance Time With Price

Another example of this approach is shown below in the Australia AllOrdinaries stock index. The PTV multipliers are set as described above andthe Fibonacci retracement ratios of .38 and .62 are shown.

It is important that after the scaling of the original PTV is set that theresult is back tested for relationships with previous moves. If thecorrect PTV scaling has been found previous moves will show integralrelationships with the original PTV. Look for the obvious relationshipsof 1:2, 1:3, 1: 1.62, and 3:2. If none of these are found the scaling isincorrect and a different set of turning points must be used to set thescaling. A little experience and practice will make this clearer.

Fibonacci Retracement Arcs Using Scaled PTVs

See Also:Formatting The PTV

Time Ratios (Static and Dynamic)

You can display two types of time ratios, static and dynamic.

Static Ratios are the type most commonly used. They divide a time rangeinto predetermined ratios. For example, if 0.25 and 0.5 are selected for thetime ratios and the mouse pointer is moved across 100 bars, the result willbe ratio lines drawn at the bars 0.25 x 100 = 25 and 0.5 x 100 = 50.

Selecting the Time tab in the Tool Format Window allows you to choose theratios to display. If a value is entered in the Dynamic Expansion Ratio boxit has priority over any boxes checked for static cycles and any checkedstatic cycle boxes are ignored.

Dynamic Ratios differ from Static Ratios in that they change by a setmultiplier between each successive recurrence. For example, if thedynamic expansion ratio is set to 1.618 and the user defines the length ofthe initial cycle by dragging his mouse pointer across 10 bars, then thesecond cycle will be 10 x 1.618 = 16.18 bars. The third cycle will be 16.18x 1.618 = 26.18 bars, and so on. If a value less than one is entered for thedynamic expansion ratio then each successive cycle will contract by thatratio.

See Also:Formatting The Time Ratios Projections Using Static Price And Time Ratios Projections Using Dynamic Price And Time Ratios Price Ratios (Static And Dynamic)

Price Ratios (Static and Dynamic)

You can display two types of price ratios, static and dynamic.

Static Ratios are the type most commonly used. They are often calledretracement ratios because they divide a price range into predeterminedpercentages. For example, if 0.25 and 0.5 are selected for the price ratiosand the mouse pointer is moved across 100 points, the result will be ratiolines drawn at the retracement levels of 0.25 x 100 = 25 and 0.5 x 100 = 50.

The Price Ratios tab in the Tool Format Window allows you to choose theratios to display. If a value is entered in the Dynamic Expansion Ratio boxit has priority over any boxes checked for static cycles and any checkedstatic cycle boxes are ignored.

If you choose the option in the Price Ratios Window for snapping the pricerange to the highest high and lowest low, CycleTimer will automaticallydetermine that range and set the start and end prices accordingly. All youneed to do is drag your mouse pointer across the time range you want tostudy. If you drag the mouse pointer up the retracements ratios will bemeasured from the top down. If you drag the mouse pointer down they willbe measured from the bottom up. This snap to highest high and lowest lowfeature is for static ratios only, not dynamic ratios.

Dynamic Ratios differ from Static Ratios in that they change by a setmultiplier between each successive recurrence. For example, if thedynamic expansion ratio is set to 1.618 and the user defines the length ofthe initial cycle by dragging his mouse pointer across 10 bars, then thesecond cycle will be 10 x 1.618 = 16.18 bars. The third cycle will be 16.18x 1.618 = 26.18 bars, and so on. If a value less than one is entered for thedynamic expansion ratio then each successive cycle will contract by thatratio.

See Also:Formatting The Price Ratios Projections Using Static Price And Time Ratios

Projections Using Dynamic Price And Time Ratios Time Ratios (Static And Dynamic)

Gann Angles

The diagonal angles are one of the most commonly used tools of Gannanalysis. They define a linear trend line advancing at a predetermined slope.In the Gann Tool Format window the user can select the most commonlyused angles, or enter his own custom values in the boxes. Gann's 45 degreeangle is the 1x1.

See Also:Formatting Gann Angles

Circles, Rectangles, Lines, Arrows

The Tool Format Window provides a variety of styles for annotating thechart with circles, rectangles, lines and arrows. Arrows are drawn byformatting the line tool.

Clone Tool

The Clone Tool makes an exact copy of a selected drawn item such asan ellipse, line, Gann angle, etc. This is a very useful feature for creatingparallel channel lines or ellipses that continue to repeat with the same sizeand orientation.

To clone an item, first draw the item. If it is not already selected click on thePointer tool and click on the item you want to clone. Then click the CloneTool to make an exact copy with axes parallel to the original. The copy canthen be dragged along the chart to create a parallel channel or parallelellipses.

ExampleCloning Ellipse in Weekly DJIA

Delete Drawn Items

The Delete Drawn Item tool is located on the left toolbar.

This tool has the same function as pressing the Delete key on the keyboard.When the Delete tool is clicked, or the Delete key is pressed, CycleTimerdeletes the last drawn item from the tool group that is currently selectedfrom the toolbar. For example, if the user has the ellipse tool pressed,clicking the Delete tool will delete the last drawn ellipse. Clicking theDelete tool a second time will delete the second to last ellipse drawn, and soon until there are no more ellipses on the chart. If the user wants to deletesomething other than the ellipse he simply selects that tool from the toolbarand clicks the Delete tool.

CycleTimer also checks the size of the items drawn on the chart, such aslines, ellipses, etc and will delete any items that are extremely small thenext time the screen is refreshed. This is to prevent the user fromaccidentally clicking on the chart when he has a tool button pressed andunintentionally drawing a tiny item.

Editing Drawn Items

Usually when an ellipse is drawn on a chart it has to be edited in width tofind the best fit for the x-y scale of the chart. Follow this procedure toresize, rotate, move, delete, or clone a drawn item.

1. Click the Pointer icon 2. Click the item at the location shown below to select it and show the

editing handles.3. To move the item click and drag the same point used to select it.4. To resize or rotate the item click and drag one of the handles.5. To delete the item click the Delete tool or press the delete key.

ClickAbove Locations to Select an Item For Editing

The editing handles of the ellipse have the function shown below.

Ellipse Editing Handles

See Also:Clone Tool

Editing Planetary Cycles

CycleTimer allows you to plot multiple cycles on the same chart. After anycycle is drawn it can be selected for editing or deleted by clicking its labelon the cycle list. If you have the chart set up to draw the price axis labels onthe left, then the cycle list will be on the right as shown below. The activecycle is enclosed in a yellow box.

To select a cycle for editing:

1. Click the Pointer icon 2. Click the cycle to edit on the cycle list.3. To delete the cycle click the Delete tool or press the delete key.4. Any of the cycle parameters, such as delta, orb, planet, etc, can be

changed after it is selected.

Planetary Cycle Handles

Format The Tools

Clicking on the Tool Format icon opens the Tool Format Windowwhere the characteristics of the tools are set.

See Also:Opening The Tool Formatting Form

Tool Format Window

Clicking on the Tool Format icon, opens the Tool Format window,shown below.

The appearance and characteristics of the tools are set in this window. Clickbelow on the tab of the tool you are interested in for more information onformatting.

Tool Format Window

Format Aspectarian

Include in Aspectarian

Only include the planets of interest for faster calculations. Uncheck"Omit Duplicates" if you plan to copy/paste the data into a spreadsheetor some other application. This will cause each output row to have thesame number of data points. Omitting duplicates results in fastercalculations and cleaner output.

Primary Aspects

The primary aspects will be identified in the aspectarian with darkgreen. This will either be a highlighted cell or colored numbers asselected in "Mark Aspects".

The "Orb of Influence" is how close to exact the angle will beconsidered active. For example, with an Orb of 3 and Primary Aspect180 selected, any angle between 177-183 will be highlighted as active.

Secondary Aspects

The secondary aspects will be identified in the aspectarian with lightgreen. This will either be a highlighted cell or colored numbers asselected in "Mark Aspects".

The "Orb of Influence" is how close to exact the angle will beconsidered active. For example, with an Orb of 3 and Secondary Aspect150 selected, any angle between 147-153 will be highlighted as active.

Mark Aspects

The spreadsheet cells showing active aspects will either be highlightedor the number will be colored. Choosing "Colored Numbers" may resultin faster calculations.

OK

Save the settings and close the Format window.

Cancel

Close the Format window and do not save any changes.

Format The Ellipse

The example shown below is formatting the ellipse tool where the user canselect the angle between the axes drawn inside the ellipse, its width, andwhether or not the inner and outer circles are drawn. The axes ratio is howwide the ellipse is. Setting this ratio to one will produce a circle. The innerand outer circles are described in the following section. If these boxes arechecked the circles will be drawn according to the format of the circles as setin the Circle. So if the user would like to draw an ellipse with a solid yellowouter circle and a transparent inner circle he would check both circle boxesin the Ellipse tab and select solid and yellow in the Circle tab.

Fill Style

Choose the pattern that fills the drawn item.

Axis Ratio

Enter the ratio between the minor axis (width) and major axis (length)of the ellipse. For example, enter 0.5 to have the ellipse 1/2 as wide as itis long, or enter 2 to have it twice as wide as it is long.

Values between 0.05 and 20 are accepted. A value less than oneproduces an ellipse that is longer than it is wide. This is the drawingtechnique used when you want to define the major axis of the ellipsewith the mouse pointer. The minor axis automatically extends on bothsides of the major axis as it is drawn.

A value greater than one produces an ellipse that is wider than it islong. This is the drawing technique used when you want to define theminor axis of the ellipse with the mouse pointer. The major axisextends on both sides as the minor axis is drawn. This is helpful forrotating an ellipse around a center. If you feel you know the center ofthe move this is the technique to use to draw the ellipse.

A value of one produces a circle. This provides a tool to draw a circlefrom one side of the circle to the other. Sometimes it is more convenientto draw a circle this way than with the Circle Drawing Tool, whichdraws from the center to the perimeter. This also provides a convenienttool for placing different axes within a circle and rotating it with yourmouse pointer. As an example, try setting the axis ratio to one and theInner Axes to 72 degrees. Watch the circle rotate the inner axes as yourotate the circle. These axes often provide support and resistance for amove.

The value in the axis ratio box changes as the user changes the priceand time scales of his chart, while scrolling, for example. This featureshows how the appearance of the ellipse is dependent on the price andtime scaling. The origin and terminus remain attached to the samepoints in price and time but the minor axis must vary in order to keepthe major and minor axes at ninety degrees.

Inner Axes

file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/calibre_zeyjym/ercfk4_pdf_out/ellipse_inner_axes.htm

Allows the user to set the inner angle between the axes drawn inside theellipse. Numbers between 10 and 350 are accepted. If this box is leftblank or set to zero the ellipse will have no inner axes. Entering 90 willprint only the major and minor axes.

Inner and Outer Circles

Allows the user to show the inner and outer circles with diameters equalto the ellipse minor and major axes. The format and color of the circlesis set in the circle Tool Format tab.

Drawing Styles

The ellipse can be drawn from the center to the terminus (end) or fromthe origin to the terminus. Checking the Center Outward box on theFormat Ellipse Window will draw the ellipse from the center to theterminus as the user drags his mouse pointer. If this box is uncheckedthe ellipse is drawn from the origin to the terminus.

Drawing the ellipse from the center allows it to be rotated around itscenter as it is being drawn. This can often times be more helpful incorrectly sizing and placing it on the price-time action of the chart.

Drawing the ellipse from the origin to the terminus allows it to berotated around its origin. Correct sizing and placement takes a littlepractice and experience. Clicking the Delete icon on the left toolbar orpressing the Delete key on the keyboard erases the ellipse if an error ismade.

If you want to draw an ellipse using the minor axis instead of the majoraxis just enter a value greater than one in the Axis Ratio box.

OK

Save the settings and close the Format window.

Cancel

Close the Format window and do not save any changes.

file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/calibre_zeyjym/ercfk4_pdf_out/ellipse_axis_ratio.htm

See Also:Projections Using The Ellipse The Ellipse

Format Gann Angles

The Gann Angles Format window allows the user to select which angles toplot, and their precise slope. The traditional integral multiples of 1, 2, 4, 8,16 can be chose or any non-integral amount entered in the box. A veryuseful application is the Points Per Bar, which allows the user to plot hourlyangles on a daily or monthly chart.

Gann Angles

The diagonal angles are one of the most commonly used tools of Gannanalysis. They define a linear trend line advancing at a predeterminedslope. In the Gann Tool Format window the user can select the mostcommonly used angles, or enter his own custom values in the boxes.Gann's 45 degree angle is the 1x1.

file:///C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/calibre_zeyjym/ercfk4_pdf_out/gann_points_per_bar.htm

Angle Direction

Choose the direction the angle is drawn from the click point. Select'Upward Right' if you click on a bottom and want to project futureadvancing trend lines. 'Downward Right' would be selected for drawingthe trend lines from a top.

Points per Bar

Setting the Points per Bar is a very useful tool. For example, thisfeature is used to plot the hourly Gann angles on a daily chart. Sincethere are 6.5 trading hours per day on the NYSE a daily chart isopened and '6.5' entered in the Points per Bar box. All the Gann anglesdrawn on the daily chart will then show their location on the hourly.

For example, the format window below shows the settings to displayhourly Gann angles on stock market daily charts.

Example ofGann Angle - Points per Bar

The daily NASDAQ chart below shows the results. From the March2009 bottom the NASDAQ initially followed the hourly Gann 4x1, thenthe trend slowed to the 2x1, and finally hit the 1x1 (45 degree) at theSeptember top.

Example of Gann Angles Set to 6.5 Points per Bar on Daily Chart

OK

Save the settings and close the Format window.

Cancel

Close the Format window and do not save any changes.

Format The Line

This is where the appearance of the line tool is set. The user can chooseline thickness, line style, color, and whether or not to draw an arrow.

Also, the PTV tool will read the line style set in this window for theappearance of the hypotenuse drawn with the PTV. If the user wants to drawa PTV using an arrow he would set this line tool to arrow. The PTV color isnot set here. It is set in the PTV tab.

Style

Choose the style of the line and PTV hypotenuse to be drawn.

OK

Save the settings and close the Format window.

Cancel

Close the Format window and do not save any changes.

Format Planetary Cycles

Nodes and Apsides

The toolbar button shown below as "N Node" can be programmed toone of 4 values:

1. North Node2. South Node3. Aphelion (or Apogee if Sun or Moon)4. Perihelion (or Perigee if Sun or Moon)

For example, if "Aphelion" is selected the toolbar button will change to"Aphelion". Then clicking the Sidereal, Aphelion, and Jupiter buttons

will change the button to "AP Jupiter". Cycle calculations will then befor the sidereal aphelion of Jupiter.

Select Node or Apside to Program Toolbar Button

Position

"True" is also known as "Osculating". The Swiss Ephemerisdocumentation goes into great detail about this and their documention isnot repeated here. Using Mean values will greatly improve speed ofcalculations because True values often go retrograde multiple times.

True values should be used if the exact time and location of a planetreaching its node or apside is wanted. For example, to find when theMoon crosses its North Node:

1. Select North Node from the Format Window2. Select True and 'OK'3. Select Synodic on the lower toolbar4. Select 'N Node' button on lower toolbar5. Select Moon button on lower toolbar twice, once to program the

Node Button to "NN Moon" as the first synodic body and once toselect the Moon as the second synodic body.

Order

Another new feature in version 2 is the ability to select the color of theplanetary cycle lines drawn on the chart. Put a '1' in the box of the colorfor the first cycle, a '2' in the box of the second cycle, etc.

Format Cycle Output

The first item gives you the option of keeping cycle data in thespreadsheet for every calculation or deleting it. Be careful if you chooseto keep all the data because it can add up quickly. Most applicationsonly need the data for one cycle at a tim