project report on textile industry

8/18/2019 Project Report on Textile Industry

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A project report on Textile

Industry Promoting Tourism

SUBMITTED TO :- DR. JSR RAO

SUBMITTED BY:- 148129000 ( BTS )

NAWAZ SHARIF ANSARI


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I am heartily thankful to the I&-., which has gi$en us

the golden opportunity to prepare or analy/e project report of

(textile industry)# 0e are also thankful to honora%le professor

Dr# JSR RAO who has leaded us to enlighten oursel$es in

preparation of this project#

INDE$

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https://sites.google.com/site/gimt794/academic-resources/ms-anupama-ambujakshanhttps://sites.google.com/site/gimt794/academic-resources/ms-anupama-ambujakshan


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&- PARTIU"AR P12 &-#

3 PREFAE 4

4 A!NOW"ED#EMENT 5

5 O%ER%IEW OF TE$TI"E INDUSTRY 6

7 TYPE OF PRODUTION SYSTEM 8

6 MANUFATURIN# PROESS OF TE$TI"E INDUSTRY 9:37

8 FAI"ITY "OATION 36:3;

9 FAI"ITY "AYOUT&P"ANT "AYOUT 4


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Moderni/ation Is 1 ontinuous Process 1nd There Should 'e oncerted 2fforts To Moderni/e

'oth Machinery 1nd Manufacturing Processes !egularly# It Is eneral 2xperience That .nits

0hich Maintained The Process -f Moderni/ation Systematically ould Manage To Sustain

Their rowth In The "ong !un#

Moderni/ation In >act Is &eeded To Increase Production, !educe The ost -f Production,

!ationali/e "a%our, !educe Maintenance 1nd Power ost Per .nit -f Production 2tc# Due To 1

&um%er -f >actors, The ?ast Majority -f The Textile .nits In India &e$er Tried To !egularly

Moderni/e Their .nits# 1s 1 !esult The Indian Textile Industry Had 'een Suffering >rom

Technological -%solescence Since The 'eginning -f The 4


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In the production system there are following types of production system can %e used for the

con$ersion of raw material into the finished goods#

There is the different type of techni+ues used in the production process#

Project

Bo% shop

'atch production C disconnected line

1ssem%ly line

ontinuous flow

ell manufacturing Cgroup technology

The textile industry using the B-':SH-P or '1TH P!-D.TI-& techni+ues for the

production#

The 0ea$ing Process Is haracteri/ed 'y "ong Planning Hori/ons 1nd !elati$ely Slow Speed

-f Machines, ?ery "ong Setup Times, ?ery "arge Production 'atches, 1nd Mixed -rder 1ndStock:'ased Production# -n The ontrary, The 0arp Making Process Is haracteri/ed 'y Short

Planning Hori/ons 1nd High Speed -f Machines, Short Setup Times, Small Production 'atches1nd -nly -rders:'ased Production# The 1%o$e Phases Pose The Most omplex Production

Scheduling Pro%lems#

B-':SH-P techni+uesA:

In the jo% shop machinery used mostly general purpose to produce the goods#

Highly skilled la%or is needed for this type of production system to handle and operate the

machinery#

Production Is haracteri/ed 'y Processing -f Small 'atches -f 1 "arge &um%er -f DifferentProducts Most -f 0hich !e+uire 1 Different Set -r Se+uence -f Processing Steps#

In the jo% shop techni+ue i#e#, print shopE

Textile production systems may %e treated as a succession of local pro%lems, one per each production phase# The coherence of these local pro%lems should %e taken into account %y

(material re+uirements planning) or (just:in:time) approaches#

MANUFATURIN# PROESS OF TE$TI"E INDUSTRY

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INTRODUTION:-

Products are the goods and ser$ices produced and processes are the facilities, skills, and

technologies used to produce them# Production function or operation function is the primaryfunction of an industrial enterprise# It is also known as con$ersion process or transformation

process which transforms some of the inputs Craw material and components into outputs which

are useful for the consumers#

MANUFATURIN# PROESS OF TE$TI"E INDUSTRY

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INPUTS OUTPUTSON%ERSION

PROESS


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FIBER PREPARATION:-

!aw otton ontains otton >i%er 1long 0ith

Small Plant Parts 1nd >ield Trash That 1re &ot

!emo$ed 'y The inning Process# 1t This

Stage, The otton >i%er Has 1 oating -f -ils

1nd 0axes That Make It Hydropho%ic# !aw

>i%er Is Suita%le >or Making &onwo$ens To 'e

.sed In Industrial Products In 0hich

1%sor%ency 1nd 1esthetics 1re &ot Important#

In Some ases, &onwo$en >a%rics Made 0ith

!aw >i%er an 'e 0et Processed In the Same

Manner 1s 0o$en 1nd Fnitted >a%rics

SPINNIN#:-

Most Spinning Is Done .sing 'reak -r -pen:2nd Spinning, This Is 1 Techni+ue

0here The Staples 1re 'lown 'y 1ir Into 1 !otating Drum, 0here They 1ttach

Themsel$es To The Tail -f >ormed @arn That Is ontinually 'eing Drawn -ut -f The

ham%er# -ther Methods -f 'reak Spinning .se &eedles 1nd 2lectrostatic >orces#

This Method Has !eplaced The -lder Methods -f !ing 1nd Mule Spinning# It Is 1lso

2asily 1dapted >or 1rtificial >i%ers#

The Spinning Machine Takes The !o$ing, Thins It 1nd Twists It, reating @arn#

In Mule Spinning The !o$ing Is Pulled -ff 1 'o%%in 1nd >ed Through !ollers,

0hich 1re >eeding 1t Se$eral Different Speeds# This Thins The !o$ing 1t 1 onsistent

!ate# If The !o$ing 0as &ot 1 onsistent Si/e, Then This Step ould ause 1 'reak In

The @arn, -r ould Bam The Machine# The @arn Is Twisted Through The Spinning -f

The 'o%%in 1s The arriage Mo$es -ut, 1nd Is !olled -nto 1 op 1s The arriage

!eturns# Mule Spinning Produces 1 >iner Thread Than The "ess Skilled !ing Spinning#

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_end_spinninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_end_spinninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_fiberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinning_mulehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_spinninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_end_spinninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_fiberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinning_mulehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_spinning


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MU"E SPINNIN# RIN#

SPINNIN#

• WEA%IN#:-

0ea$ing Is 1 Method -f >a%ric Production In 0hich Two Distinct Sets -f @arns

-r Threads 1re Interlaced 1t !ight 1ngles To >orm 1 >a%ric -r loth# The -ther

Methods 1re Fnitting, "ace Making, >elting, 1nd 'raiding -r Plaiting# The

"ongitudinal Threads 1re alled The 0arp 1nd The "ateral Threads 1re The 0eft -r

>illing# C02>T -! 0--> IS 1& -"D 2&"ISH 0-!D M21&I& GTH1T

0HIH IS 0-?2&G# The Method In 0hich These Threads 1re Inter 0o$en 1ffects

The haracteristics -f The loth#

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yarnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yarnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clothhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knittinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knittinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp_(weaving)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wefthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_(language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_(language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yarnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yarnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clothhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knittinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp_(weaving)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wefthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_(language)


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loth Is .sually 0o$en -n 1 "oom, 1 De$ice That Holds The 0arp Threads In Place

0hile >illing Threads 1re 0o$en Through Them# 1 >a%ric 'and 0hich Meets This

Definition -f loth C0arp Threads 0ith 1 0eft Thread

0inding 'etween an 1lso 'e Made .sing -ther

Methods, Including Ta%let 0ea$ing, 'ack:Strap, -r -ther

Techni+ues 0ithout "ooms#

DYEIN#:- The Most ommonly .sed Processes >or Imparting olor To otton 1re Piece Dyeing

1nd @arn Dyeing#

In Piece Dyeing, 0hich Is .sed Primarily >or >a%rics That 1re To 'e 1 Solid olor, 1

ontinuous "ength -f Dry loth Is Passed >ull:0idth Through 1 Trough -f Hot Dye Solution#The loth Then oes 'etween Padded !ollers That S+uee/e In The olor 2$enly 1nd !emo$es

The 2xcess "i+uid# In -ne ?ariation -f This 'asic Method, The >a%ric, In 1 !ope:"ike oil, Is

Processed -n 1 !eel That Passes In 1nd -ut -f 1 Dye 'eck -r ?at#

@arn Dyeing, 0hich -ccurs 'efore The loth Is 0o$en -r Fnitted, Is .sed To Produceingham hecks, Plaids, 0o$en Stripes 1nd -ther Special 2ffects# 'lue Dyed 0arp @arns, >or

2xample, 1re om%ined 0ith 0hite >illing @arns In Denimonstruction#

PRINTIN#:-

olored Designs -n otton loth Is Similar To

Printing -n Paper#

"ong !uns -f The Same >a%ric Design 1re

Produced -n 1 !oller Print Machine -perating 1t

Speeds 'etween 6< To 3


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1 Typical Printing Machine Has 1 "arge Padded Drum -r ylinder, 0hich Is Surrounded 'y 1

Series -f opper !ollers, 2ach 0ith Its -wn Dye Trough 1nd Doctor 'lade That Scrapes 1way

2xcess Dye# The &um%er -f !ollers ?aries 1ccording To The >a%ric Design, Since 2ach olor

In The Design Is 2tched -n 1 Separate !oller# 1s The loth Mo$es 'etween The !otating

Drum 1nd !ollers .nder reat Pressure, It Picks .p olor >rom The 2ngra$ed 1rea -f 2ach

!oller In Se+uence# The Printed loth Is Dried Immediately 1nd on$eyed To 1n -$en That

Sets The Dye#

1utomatic Screen:Printing Is 1nother Principal Method >or Imparting olored Designs To

otton >a%rics# 1lthough Slower Than !oller Printing, It Has The 1d$antage -f Producing

Much "arger 1nd More Intricate Designs, 2la%orate Shadings 1nd ?arious Handcrafted 2ffects#

FINISHIN#:-

>inishing, 1s The Term Implies, Is The >inal Step In >a%ric Production# Hundreds -f>inishes an 'e 1pplied To Textiles, 1nd The Methods -f 1pplication 1re 1s ?aried 1s The

>inishes#

otton >a%rics 1re Pro%a%ly >inished In More Different 0ays Than 1ny -ther Type -f

>a%rics# Some >inishes hange The "ook 1nd >eel -f The otton >a%ric, 0hile -thers 1ddSpecial haracteristics Such 1s Dura%le Press, 0ater !epellency, >lame !esistance, Shrinkage

ontrol 1nd -thers# Se$eral Different >inishes May 'e 1pplied To 1 Single >a%ric#

UTTIN#:-

The >a%ric Is Then ut 0ith The Help -f loth utting Machines Suita%le >or The

Type -f The loth# These an 'e 'and utters Ha$ing Similar 0ork Method "ike That -f

'and Saws utters Ha$ing !otary 'lades Machines Ha$ing !eciprocal 'lades 0hich Saw .p

1nd Down Die lickers Similar To Die -r Punch Press -r omputeri/ed Machines That .se

2ither 'lades -r "aser 'eams To ut The >a%ric In Desired Shapes#

S'*+:-

It Is The Most Important Department Section -f 1 arment Manufacturing Industry# Sewing

Machines -f Different Types 1re 1rranged 1s 1 ?ertical "ine To 1ssem%le The arments#

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Se+uence -f Types -f Sewing Machine 1rrangement Depends -n Se+uence -f 1ssem%ling

-perations# &um%er -f Sewing Machine Per "ine ?aries >rom 4< &o#S To 8< &o#S Depending

-n The Style -f The a7rmnet To 'e Produce# Production Pr "ine Pr Hour 1lso ?aries >rom

3


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• Mo$ement -f Drawing ans

• Spinning @arn

• 0arp >illing

• 0inding @arn -nto 'eam

• Supplying 'eams

• Preparing "oom 'eams

• Storing "oom 'eams

• Hoisting

• Producing >a%ric !olls

• Inspecting >a%ric

• utting >a%ric

• 0rapping

• "oading

SUPPORT ATI%ITIES

• 2ating

• !elaxing

• Storage

• Personal Hygiene

• Super$ision

• Maintenance

• 1ir 0ashingonditioning

• "int !emo$al

• Juality ontrol

• Testing

• Training

• Monitoring

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FAI"ITY "OATION

Plant location may %e understood as the function of determining where the plant should

%e located for maximum operating economy and effecti$eness# The selection for locating

a plant is most important factor which influences the industry#

1ny industry has ttry to locate their plant near %y the market place, where transportation

facility a$aila%le, la%our force, raw material, powerEetc

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Popularly Termed 1s The Textile State -f India, ujarat Has -ne -f The Most >lourishing

Textile Industries In The ountry# 1lso Said To 'e The Manchester -f The 2ast 1nd The Denim

apital -f India The Textile Industry In ujarat ontri%utes 1lmost 5K Towards The DP -fIndia# India Holds 1 Major Portion -f lo%al Textile Market Share# Textiles In ujarat 1re

!esponsi%le >or ontri%uting 1 Major Share -f IndiaLs 1rt 1nd rafts#

It Is 1lso 1mong The -ldest Industries In The State# Due To Its Perfect om%ination -f Skilled

"a%or, ?ast ?ariety -f !aw Materials, Seamless 'lend -f @arns 1nd The .se -f TraditionalTechni+ues The State Produces The >inest !ange -f Textiles#

-ne -f The Major >actors 'ehind The Success -f The Textile Industry In ujarat Is That The

State Has Managed To Preser$e Its -ld Tradition 1nd ulture#

The Textile Industry In ujarat In$ol$es Juite 1 Si/a%le hunk -f The Population# 'rands "ike

1r$ind Mills, Parag 1nd Praful 'elong To ujarat# More Than ;a%ric -f Bamnagar, Mand$i 1nd 'huj# The1rt -f 'andhej Is Fnown >or Its Typical Designs 1nd Patterns# These 1re -ften .sed In

0edding -utfits 0hen They 1re alled harchola -dhni 1nd Sarees#He Tie:Dyed >a%rics -r

The 'andhej -f ujarat 1re ertainly The 'est -f Its Find Produced In India 1lso "so Fnown

1s 'andhani -r 'andhni#The ost -f The 'andhej -f ujarat !ests &ot -nly -n The Juality-f The >a%ric, 'ut 1lso -n The &um%er -f Times It Has To 'e Tied 1nd Dyed 1s 0ell 1s The

Intricacy -f The Pattern#

MATANI:-

Matani -r More Popularly alled Matani Pechedi -r Mata:&i:Pachedi 1re Made 'y The?aghris >or The Purpose -f ?arious !ituals# They 2mploy 1 om%ination -f 'lock Printing

>or The -utline -f The Pattern 1s 0ell 1s The Painting -f The Mordants#The Matani Is

1ctually 1 Tri%ute To The Mother oddess Durga#Matani !eflects 1 Passion 1mong The

ujaratis >or olors 1nd 1 ?ision >or The Intricate Designs 1nd >orms# It Is The 2xpression

-f 1n 1rtistic Personality 1s 0ell 1s !ich ultural Heritage#

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PATO"A:-

The Patola Silk from Patan Is ?ery Popular 1nd -ne -f The "argest Selling >a%rics In The

ountry# The Sarees 1re 1 Mark -f Tradition 1nd randeur Depicting ujarat 1s 1 "and -f

Prosperity 1nd 0ealth# This Is .ni+ue To Patan 1nd Is Fnown >or Its .tmost Delicate Designs0o$en 0ith reat 2xpertise 1nd Juality# ujarat Patola 2xhi%its 1 Passion >or olor 1nd 1

Deep Sense >or Design 1nd >orm# They on$ey 1 Message -f The StateLs !ich ultural

Heritage#

SIZE OF THE INDUSTRY:-

• The Indian Textile Industry Today Has 1pproximately 34or Manufacturing otton @arn

0hich 1ccount >or 9< Percent -f IndiaLs Textile 2xports# China Has 7< Million otton

Spindles#

• -f The Indian Textile @arn 2xports, 1lmost =< Percent ome >rom oarser @arns

Counts 'elow 7


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Bo% opportunities are di$erse in nature in the textile industry ranging from production, designing,

distri%ution and sales# The need for manpower for the textile industry is growing to keep up with

the growing demand fresher*s are finding numerous jo% opportunities in the textile industry ofIndia#

The Indian textile industry offers opportunities to fresherLs from $arious academic %ackgroundsas nature of jo% is di$erse# 1 textile engineer must ha$e an engineering %ackground either '#2#

or '#Tech is preferred

• Indian Textile Industry o$ers 83 K -f The International Textile Market 1nd 44 K -f

The lo%al Market

• Indian Textile Industry Is Fnown To 'e The 5rd "argest Manufacturer -f otton 1cross

The lo%e#

• This Industry -f India laims To 'e The 4nd "argest Manufacturer 1s 0ell 1s Pro$ider

-f otton @arn 1nd Textiles In The 0orld

• India Holds 1round 46 K Share In The otton @arn Industry 1cross The lo%e

• India Textile Industry ontri%utes To 1round 34 K-f The 0orldLs Production -f otton

@arn 1nd Textiles#

The need for the

selection of the location may arise under any of the following conditionsA:

3 0hen the %usiness is newly started4 The existing %usiness unit has outgrown its original facilities and expansion is not

possi%le

5 1 lease expire and the landlord does not renew the lease

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7 -ther social or economic reasons for example inade+uate la%our supply, shifting of

the market#

ST2PS I& "-1TI-&A:in choosing a plant location, the entrepreneur would do well to proceed step %y step,

the step %eing

3 0ithin the country or outside

4 Selection of the regionA:• 1$aila%ility of raw material

• &earness to the market

• 1$aila%ility of power

• Transport facilities

• Suita%ility of climate

• o$ernment policy

• ompetition %etween stat

5 Selection of the locality or community

• 1$aila%ility of la%our

• i$ic amenities for workers

• >inance and research facility

• 1$aila%ility of water and fire:fighting facility

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• "ocal taxes and restrictions

• Personal factors

7 Selection of the exact site#

• Soil, si/e, and topography

• Disposal of waste

FAI"ITY "AYOUT&P"ANT "AYOUT

Plant layout is the physical arrangement of industrial facilities# It in$ol$es the allocation of space

the arrangement of e+uipment in such a manner that o$erall operating costs are minimi/ed#

There 1re Three lassic 1pproaches To "aying -ut The 2+uipment 1nd Processing >unctions

0ithin 1 Manufacturing >acility#

1) FI$ED POSITION FAI"ITIES:- omes The losest To Meeting -ur oal -f Mo$ing The Product 1s "ittle 1s Possi%le 1s It .ndergoes Production Processing# In

These >acilities, The Product -ccupies 1 onstant >ixed Position In The enter -f TheManufacturing 1rea# !ather Than Physically Mo$ing The Product Through Different

Processing Points, The 0orkers 1nd The 2+uipment &ecessary >or Manufacturing Steps

1re 'rought To The Product# 1 ood 2xample -f 1 >ixed Position Manufacturing

"ayout Is 1 Shipyard, 0here The Ship .nder onstruction -ccupies 1 >ixed Position InThe Drydock# ertain 1erospace Industries 1lso -perate 0ith >ixed Position

Manufacturing 1rrangements#

2) PROESS "AYOUTS:- 1re Those In 0hich 2+uipment 1nd 0orkstations 1re1rranged 1ccording To The Type -f Process They Perform# Saws 0ould 'e -ne Part-f The Manufacturing 1rea Drill Presses 0ould 'e In 1nother 0elding Stations 0ould

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'e In 1 Third 1nd Paint 'ooths 0ould 'e In 1 >ourth 1rea# Process "ayouts 1re .sed

Primarily In Bo% Shops, 0here The >acility Produces 1 ?ariety -f 9 Different Products

1nd 2ach !e+uires 1 Different Series -f Processing Steps To 'e Performed In 1Different Se+uence#

Process "ayouts !e+uire The Most Mo$ement -f Products >rom 0orkstation To 0orkstationSince The 2+uipment Is 1rranged 0ithout !egard To The Processing &eeds -f 1ny -ne

Product# Bo% Shops an 1ttempt To !educe This .nnecessary Handling, Howe$er, 'y 1ssessing

Mo$ement 'etween ?arious 0orkstations >or 2ach Product# They an Then Determine The

Total &um%er -f Product Mo$ements 'etween 0orkstations >or 1ll -f Their Products 1nd1rrange The Different Process 1reas To !educe The Total &um%er -f Product Mo$ements#

Process "ayouts Do Ha$e The 1d$antage, Howe$er, -f Maximi/ing The 2fficiency -f Machinery .sage# 1ll Products !e+uiring Drilling, >or 2xample, 1re Mo$ed To The Same DrillPress# Therefore, The Total &um%er -f Drill Presses !e+uired Is Fept To 1 Minimum#

C) PRODUT "AYOUTS:--n The -ther Hand, 1re eared To Production "ine-perations 0hich Manufacture -nly -ne Product -r 1 "imited Series -f Products

0hich .ndergo 1pproximately The Same Processing Steps In 1pproximately The Same

Se+uence# In These ases, 2+uipment 1nd Manual 0orkstations 1re 1rranged To Mirror The !e+uired >low -f These Specified Products Through The Steps In The

Manufacturing Process# If The >irst Production Process >ollowing !eception -f

Incoming !aw Materials Is utting 'oards Into Door >rame omponents, The >irst

Piece -f 2+uipment "ocated 1djacent To The !ecei$ing Dock 0ill 'e 1 Saw# If The &ext Process Step Is To 1ssem%le These omponents Into 1 Door >rame, Then 1djacent

To The >irst utting Station 0ill 'e 1 >rame 1ssem%ly 1rea# 0hile Product "ayouts Do

!e+uire Handling -f Products >rom Step To Step In The Manufacturing Process, TheyMinimi/e The .nnecessary Mo$ement -f Products 'etween !elated Steps 'y 2nsuring

Their lose Proximity#

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.nlike Process "ayouts, Howe$er, Product "ayouts Maximi/e The &eed >or 2xpenditures -n

2+uipment# Studies Ha$e Shown That Sa$ings In Process 2fficiency >ar -utweigh These

1dditional Machine osts# If utting Stations 1re !e+uired 1t Se$eral Steps 1long TheProcessing !oute, Product "ayouts 0ould !e+uire Purchasing Separate Saws >or 2ach Step To

1llow The .ninterrupted >low -f 0ork 1long The "ine#

IMPORTANE OF THE "AYOUT:-

2conomies in handling

2ffecti$e use of a$aila%le area

Minimi/ation of production delay

Impro$ed +uality control

Minimum e+uipment in$estment

'etter production control

'etter super$ision

Impro$ed utili/ation of la%our

Impro$ed employee morale

1$oidance of unnecessary and costly charges

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INDUSTRIA" SAFETY MEASURES IN TE$TI"E INDUSTRY

I*37;*:-

There 1re &umerous Health 1nd Safety CHS Issues 1ssociated 0ith The textile Industry#

These IncludeA hemical 2xposure >rom The Processing and Dyeing -f Materials 2xposure To

otton 1nd -ther -rganic Dusts, 0hich an 1ffect The Throat 1nd "ungs Musculoskeletal

Stresses &oise exposure, 0hich an "ead To Hearing "oss Temperature 1nd ?entilation,

0hich an "ead To >atigue 1nd Dehydration If Temperatures 1re Too High 1nd 0orking

Hours 1nd 'reaks, Including 1ccess To >ood, Drinks 1nd 'athroom >acilities# This 'ooklet

!e$iews Some Fey 1reas -f HS In textile Dyeing Such 1s The Information Present In

Material Safety Data Sheets CMSDS, >ire Ha/ard Training 1nd ?arious -ther omponents -f

HS#

Health 1nd Safety !egulations Ha$e 'een In Place In Textile Industries 1cross 2urope 1nd The.S1 Since The 3;9or Pro$iding The >ramework >or 0orkplace HS# Different ountries Ha$eDifferent Standards -n HS Practices 1nd This 'ooklet Takes Some -f The Fey 2lements -f

These That 1re 1pplica%le To Promoting 1 Safe 0orking 2n$ironment In The Textile Industry

In 'angladesh#23 | P a g e IGNOU


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HEMIA" SAFETY Ha/ardous hemicals and their Sym%ols

Material Safety Data Sheet !isk 1ssessment of hemicals

Health 2ffects of Dyes and hemicals

hemical Storage and Disposal of 0aste

>irst 1id

"ABORATORY SAFETY PROTOO" "a%oratory Safety Protocol

>actory >loor Safety Protocol

RESPONSIBI"ITY !ole of The Management

!ole of The >actory Staff

HAZARDOUS HEMIA"S AND THEIR SYMBO"S• Su%stances used directly in work acti$ities Ce#g# adhesi$es, sol$ents, cleaning agents

• Su%stances generated during work acti$ities Ce#g# fumes from soldering and welding

•

&aturally occurring su%stances Ce#g# dust and 'iological agents such as %acteria andother micro:organisms#

MATERIA" SAFETY DATA SHEETSMaterial Safety Data Sheets CMSDS 2xist To Pro$ide 0orkers 0ith The Proper

Procedures >or Handling -r 0orking 0ith Particular Su%stances 1nd Should Therefore 'eSupplied >or 2ach Indi$idual Su%stance# MSDS Includes Information 1s Physical Data CMelting

Point, 'oiling Point 1nd >lash Point, Toxicity, Health 2ffects, !eacti$ity, !e+uired Storage

onditions, Disposal Methods, Protecti$e 2+uipment, >irst 1id, 1nd Spill -r "eak Procedures#

0hen 1 Su%stance Is 'ought, The Manufacturer Should Pro$ide The Purchaser CThe Textile>actory 0ith The MSDS >or It# The MSDS Should 'e !ecei$ed 'y The >actory The >irst

Time oods 1re Deli$ered#They Should 'e 1$aila%le In The Manager*s -ffice, The Storeroom -r 1n 1ppropriate

Place 0here People an Ha$e 2asy 1ccess To Them 0hen &eeded# Staff Mem%ers 0ho

!egularly Handle Such hemicals Should 'e 1ware -f The ontents -f The MSDS 1nd

Should 'e Pro$ided 0ith Training To 1d$ise Them -f The 1spects That May Impact -n Their Health If hemicals 1re &ot Handled orrectly#

RIS! ASSESSMENT OF HEMIA"S

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1n in$entory and risk assessment of all chemicals and dyes that are present at the factory must

%e undertaken %y the management# The MSDS simplify this process %y pro$iding much of the

information re+uired in this risk assessment# The risk assessment should consider how chemicalsare stored and handled# The information in the in$entory and risk assessment must %e made

a$aila%le to all workers# The factory management team should remo$e unnecessary risks and

protect against those that remain# The steps in$ol$ed in undertaking a risk assessment includeAN !eference to the supplier*s MSDS

N -%ser$ations at the factory Con the production floor, in the la%oratory and in the

chemical storeN onsultation with employees and super$isors and

N 1ssessing feed%ack and results from monitoring of potential health risks#

HEA"TH EFFETS OF DYES AND HEMIA"S

There is no e$idence to suggest that the majority of the dyestuffs currently used in textiledyeing and finishing are harmful to human health at the le$els of exposure that workersgenerally face in the factories# Howe$er, with long:term or accidental o$er exposure, there can

%e potential health ha/ards and all dyes and chemicals must therefore %e treated with care# The

most common ha/ard of reacti$e dyes is respiratory pro%lems due to the inhalation of dye particles# Sometimes they can affect a person*s immune system and in extreme cases this can

mean that when the person next inhales the dye their %ody can react dramatically# This is called

respiratory sensiti/ation and symptoms include itching, watery eyes, snee/ing and symptoms of asthma such as coughing and whee/ing#

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RO"E OF THE MANA#EMENT

The Management Should !egularly heck 1nd Document The &ational "aws 1nd !egulationsoncerning 0orkplace Safety# The Management Should Then De$elop 1 Protocol Through

0hich To Implement These "aws#It May 1lso 'e &ecessary To onsider The !e+uirements -f ertain 'uyers, 0ho May Ha$e

odes -f onduct That Include 1spects -f HS, orporate Social !esponsi%ility 1nd

2n$ironmental !esponsi%ility# The Protocol i$en In This Document Should Pro$ide 1 ood'asis >or This 1nd If Implemented orrectly ould Impro$e The Safety -f The 0orking

2n$ironment In Most >actories#

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PRO%IDE BASI NEEDS2mployees Should 'e i$en 1ccess To Safe Drinking 0ater 1s 0ell 1s 1 lean 1rea >or

Meals# Meals Should 'e Taken In 1 Separate 1rea 1way >rom The >actory Production# The

>actory Staff Should 1lso Ha$e 1ccess To 1 Sufficient &um%er -f Toilets -f 1de+uate Juality,This Is 1 "egal !e+uirement 1nd ontained In Most odes -f onduct Pro$ided 'y 'uyers#

• There Should 1lso 'e Signs Saying (&o >ood 1nd Drink) In 1reas Such 1s The

"a%oratory, Store !oom 1nd >actory >loor, 1nd 1ny -ther 1reas 0here It Is

&ot Safe To onsume >ood, >or 2xample 'ecause -f The !isk -f

ontamination 'y hemicals#

• Ha/ardous hemicals Should 'e learly Marked In 1n 1ppropriate "anguage

1nd 0ith lear Sym%ols That People Ha$e 'een Trained To !ecognise 1nd

.nderstand#

• Hea$y -%jects Should 'e Marked 1s Such To 1$oid Musculoskeletal 1ccidents#• Su%stances -r Items That Present 1 >ire Ha/ard Should 'e learly "a%elled

0ith The .ni$ersally !ecogni/ed Sym%ol#

• Signs Should 'e Placed &ear Inflamma%le Su%stances Stating That It Is &ot

Permitted To Smoke -r Ha$e -pen >ires#

• Showers 1nd 2ye 0ashes Should 'e Made 1$aila%le 1nd learly Marked#

RO"E OF THE FATORY STAFF

2ach 2mployee Should Ha$e Sufficient 1ppropriate Training 1nd 2xperience So That They an

Perform 1ll Their !e+uired Bo% 1cti$ities# 0here !ele$ant 2ach 2mployee ShouldAN 'e 1ware -f The ontents -f MSDS 1nd -f Potential HS Ha/ards#

N >ollow 1ll Protocol In The Safe Handling 1nd Disposal -f Dyes 1nd hemicals#

N 'e 1ware -f The >ire Protocol, 0here >ire 2xtinguishers 1re 1nd 0here The &earest 2xit Is1nd 0here 1ssem%ly Points 1re#N 'e 1ware -f 0here The >irst 1id Fit Is#

N 0ash Hands 'efore Meals, 0hen "ea$ing The 0ork 1rea 1nd 1t The 2nd -f The Shift# This

0ill Pre$ent 1ccidental Ingestion -f hemicals -r ontact 0ith 2yes#N Maintain orrect Posture 0hen "ifting -r arrying Hea$y -%jects#

N !eport 1ll 1ccidents 1nd Sicknesses To The Manager 1s Soon 1s They -ccur#

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N !eport 1ny Defects -r Pro%lems 0ith The Machinery That Might "ead To Potential

1ccidents#

'I'"-!1PH@

'--FA: 3 operation and supply management 34th edition

4 Production and operation management Ck#aswathappa Himalaya pu%lishing house

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project report on textile industry

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