Project HISTORY presentation

Syracuse University

Sept. 23, 2010

:

Slavery

1600-1865

Reconstruction

1865-1880

“Servitude”

1880-1954

Civil-rights era

1954-1970

Post-civil rights era

1970-present

Traditional Jim Crow racism

Structural racism

Timeline

Slavery

Reconstruction CivilRights Era

ServitudeStructuralracism

Kluger, Simple Justice (1976): the Warren Court as heroic

Rosenberg, Hollow Hope (1991) and Klarman, From Jim Crow to Civil Rights (2004): skepticism about courts as agents of social change

1. Marshall Court, 1800-1835 2. Taney Court, 1835-1865 3. First Reconstruction, 1865-1880

A. The constitutional revolution B. The Supreme Court responds

4. First Redemption, 1880-1900

5. the Nadir, 1900-1920 6. Race, civil rights, and civil liberties, 1920-

1940 7. Dawn, 1940-1954 8. the Second Reconstruction, 1954-1970 9. the Second Redemption, 1970-present

Marshall: avoidance Taney

Prigg v. Pa. (1842): slavery’s intrusion into the free states

Amistad (1841): freedom as default status Dred Scott (1857): slavery national

1. the constitutional revolution: the Reconstruction Amendments A. Federalism B. Individual freedom & civil status C. The federal courts & liberty D. Civil Rights Acts, 1866, 1875

2. Southern white counterrevolution 3. The political settlement of 1876

1. Slaughterhouse Cases (1873)

2. Jury cases 1880: pretextuality

3. Civil Rights Cases (1883)

4. Jim Crow railroad cases 1878, 1890

5. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

6. Williams v. Mississippi (1898)

7. Cumming v. County School Board (1899)

8. Giles v. Harris (1903)

9. Berea College v. Kentucky (1908)

1. Peonage: Bailey v. Ala (1911) & Reynolds v. US (1914)

2. Reinterpreting separate-but-equal: McCabe v. ATSF Ry (1914)

3. Grandfather clause: Guinn v. US (1915)

4. Residential segregation: Buchanan v. Warley (1917)

1. Fair trials: Moore v. Dempsey (1923), Scottsboro Boys (1932, 1935), Brown v. Miss. (1936)

2. Racial covenants: Corrigan v. Buckley (1926)

3. The white primary: Nixon v. Herndon (1927) to Smith v. Allwright (1944)

4. Asians and race: Ozawa v. US (1922), US v. Thind (1923), Gong Lum v. Rice (1927)

5. Civil liberties: Herndon v. Lowry (1937)

1. Race as a suspect class: Korematsu v. US (1944)

2. Higher education, 1938-1950

3. The white primary: Smith v. Allwright (1944), Terry v. Adams (1953)

4. Interstate transportation: Morgan v. Virginia (1946), Bob-Lo Excursion Co. v. Michigan (1948)

5. Housing: Shelley v. Kraemer (1948

1. Desegregation: Brown I and its progeny 2. the Civil Rights Acts of 1964, 1965, and

1968: Heart of Atlanta (1964) 3. Political power: Gomillion v. Lightfoot

(1960), So. Car. v. Katzenbach (1966) 4. Thirteenth Amendment & 1866 CRA: Jones

v. Alfred Mayer (1968) 5. Busing: Swann (1971) 6. Effects vs. intent: Griggs v. Duke Power

(1971)

7. State action: Burton v. Wilmington Parking Authority (1961)

8. Racial classifications: Loving v. Virginia (1967), McLaughlin v. Fla (1964)

9. First Amendment: NAACP v. Ala (1958), NYTimes v. Sullivan (1964)

10. Congressional power: Katzenbach v. Morgan (1966)

11. Criminal prosecutions: US v. Guest (1966), US v. Price (1966)

1. Affirmative action: Bakke (1978), Richmond v. Croson (1989), Adarand v. Pena

(1995) 2. Effects vs. intent: Washington v. Davis

(1976) 3. Structural racism: Wygant v. Board of

Education (1986) 4. Death penalty: McCleskey v. Kemp (1987) 5. Busing: Milliken v. Bradley (1974)

6. School resegregation: Missouri v. Jenkins (1990, 1995)

7. Racial gerrymanders: Shaw v. Reno (1993) 8. Procedural issues: Patterson v. McLean

Credit Union (1989)