project for the soil classification and land use … for the soil classification and land use...

43
Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatar for the State of Qatar Vortrag anlässlich des Geodata – Kolloquiums des Geokompetenzzentrum Freiberg vom 31.05. – 01.06.2006 in Jena Autoren: Dipl.-Ing.agr. Ch. Scheibert; JENA-GEOS-Ingenieurbüro GmbH, Jena Dipl.-Geogr. J. Sommer, Jena

Upload: dotuyen

Post on 02-Mar-2019

213 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Vortrag anlässlich des Geodata – Kolloquiums des Geokompetenzzentrum Freiberg vom 31.05. – 01.06.2006 in Jena

Autoren: Dipl.-Ing.agr. Ch. Scheibert; JENA-GEOS-Ingenieurbüro GmbH, Jena

Dipl.-Geogr. J. Sommer, Jena

2

TitelProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

1. Einführung2. Landeskundliche Angaben

3. Projektinhalte

4. Geodaten

5. Besondere Erfahrungen bei der Erschließung des Marktes

Vortragsgliederung:

3

4

TitelProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

1. Einführung

2. Landeskundliche Angaben3. Projektinhalte

4. Geodaten

5. Besondere Erfahrungen bei der Erschließung des Marktes

Vortragsgliederung:

5

6

TitelProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

7

TitelProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

8

TitelProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

1. Einführung

2. Landeskundliche Angaben

3. Projektinhalte4. Geodaten

5. Besondere Erfahrungen bei der Erschließung des Marktes

Vortragsgliederung:

9

TitelProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Die Bearbeitung des Projektes von 2002 bis 2005 gliederte sich im wesentlichen in 4 Hauptbearbeitungsphasen:

Phase 1: Landesweite Kartierung im Raster von 2,5 x 2,5 km ( ca. 1800 Bodenaufschlüsse )

Phase 2: Kartierung aller etwa 1150 Farmgebiete mit jeweils 4 – 5 Aufschlüssen

Phase 3: Detaillierte Kartierung von potenziell für die Landwirtschaft nutzbaren Böden

Phase 4: Errichtung eines GIS-basierten Landinformationssystems und Anfertigung eines Bodenatlanten für das Emirat Qatar

10

TitelProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Hauptinhalte des Projektes: Datensammlung durch Recherche und Feldbegehungen

Auswertung von Satellitenbilddaten

Bodenkarten entsprechend der USDA Soil Taxonomy verschiedener Maßstabsebenen

Landnutzungskarten verschiedener Maßstabsebenen

Karten der Landdegradation verschiedener Maßstabsebenen

Karten der Landnutzbarkeit gemäß FAO Guidelines for Land Evaluation

Aufbau einer Geodatenbank

Training und Ausbildung lokaler Fachkräfte

laufende Erstellung von Berichten (vierteljährlich, jährlich, Phasenabschluss, Endbericht)

Seminare und Präsentationen

Zusammenstellung aller Ergebnisse im Atlas der Böden des Staates Qatar

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

1. Einführung

2. Landeskundliche Angaben

3. Projektinhalte

4. Geodaten5. Besondere Erfahrungen bei der Erschließung des Marktes

Vortragsgliederung:

12

Projektdaten(Auswahl)

Standortdaten ausGeländeaufnahme

Profildaten ausGeländeaufnahme

Labordaten

Literaturdaten(Pflanzenansprüche)

Luft- undSatellitenbilddaten

Landesdaten zuInfrastruktur / Nutzung

Geländetopographie

Aggregierte Daten

Auswahl der im Projekt genutzten Daten:

13

Im Gelände erhobene Daten – I (Standortdaten)

14

Im Gelände erhobene Daten – II (Profildaten)

Map and Legend DevelopmentMap and Legend Development

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Tentative Soil Unit Map Reconnaissance surveys

Test transects

1st Draft Legend

Grid mapping

Steadily further development of Draft

Legend

Laboratory results Verification of soil classification

Phase One Legend of Soil Mapping units

16

2. Map and Legend DevelopmentMap and Legend DevelopmentMap and Legend Development

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Reconnaissance Soil Map on a scale of 1:100,000Tentative Soil Unit MapTopographic Maps on a scale of 1 : 50,000Reconnaissance soil surveyTest – TransectsTransects2.5 km Grid mappingLANDSAT scenesGeological Reconnaissance Map

Draft Soil Unit Map

Laboratory analysis

Phase One Soil Unit Map

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Dr. Schramm (JENA-GEOS) explaining petrographic features in the scope of Geological Reconnaissance Survey, May 2003

Photos for Chapter 1Photos for Chapter 1

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Dr. Schönbuchner (JENA-GEOS) describing site and profile characteristics, June 2003

Soil SystematicsSoil Systematics

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

The categories of USDA Soil TaxonomyThe categories of USDA Soil Taxonomy

Series (optional)Series (optional)

Families (optional)Families (optional)

Subgroups (more than 2,400)Subgroups (more than 2,400)

Great Groups (more than 300)Great Groups (more than 300)

Suborders (64 in this category)Suborders (64 in this category)

Orders (12 in this category)Orders (12 in this category)

Soil SystematicsSoil Systematics

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Classification of the Soils of Qatar after finishing Phase OneClassification of the Soils of Qatar after finishing Phase One2 Orders: 2 Orders: Aridisols and EntisolsAridisols and Entisols

7 Suborders:7 Suborders: Aridisols:Aridisols: Salids, Gypsids, Calcids and Salids, Gypsids, Calcids and CambidsCambids

Entisols:Entisols: Aquents, Psamments, Orthents Aquents, Psamments, Orthents

14 Great Groups: 14 Great Groups: Aqui- & HaplosalidsAqui- & Haplosalids

Petro- , Calci- & HaplogypsidsPetro- , Calci- & Haplogypsids

Petro- & HaplocalcidsPetro- & Haplocalcids

Haplo- & AquicambidHaplo- & Aquicambid

Psamm- & EpiaquentsPsamm- & Epiaquents

34 Subgroups: (e.g. Typic-, Calcic-, Lithic-, Petronodic- etc.)34 Subgroups: (e.g. Typic-, Calcic-, Lithic-, Petronodic- etc.)

Soil Systematics – Examples for soil typesSoil Systematics – Examples for soil types

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Profile number: 40606

Survey: Reference profile

Soil type: Typic Haplocalcid

Position: E: 207500 / N: 415 000

Soil Mapping unit:Haplocalcids

Geology: Rodah

Horizons: A / Bw / Bk

Vegetation: Barren (sand & gravel)

Topography: Flat Rodah

Soil Systematics – Examples for soil typesSoil Systematics – Examples for soil types

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Profile number: 40623

Survey: Reference profile

Soil type: Typic Torripsamment

Position: E: 162 500 / N: 415 000

Soil Mapping unit:Typic Torripsamments

Geology: Pleist. to holoc. marine sediments

Horizons: A / Bw / Bkw / CBk

Vegetation: Barren (sand & gravel)

Topography: Flat coastal plain

Soil Systematics – Examples for soil typesSoil Systematics – Examples for soil types

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Profile number: 40723

Survey: Reference profile

Soil type: Lithic Haplocalcid

Position: E: 215000 / N: 405000

Soil Mapping unit:Lithic Haplocalcids

Geology: Upper Damman (Simsima)

Horizons: A / Bk / C+Bk / Cr

Vegetation: Barren (sand & gravel)

Topography: Almost flat plain

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Descriptive Statistics - Field Survey 2 [Grid]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1113

[1]

1113

[2]

12[1]

1213

[1]

1213

[2]

1221

[1]

1234

[1]

13[1]

13[2]

132[1

]

132[2

]

1321

[1]

1321

[2]

1321

[3]

2112

[1]

2212

[1]

2212

[2]

2212

[3]

2311

[1]

Soil mapping unit

CaC

O3

in [

%]

± Standard deviation

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Descriptive Statistics

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1113

[1]

1113

[2]

12[1]

1213

[1]

1213

[2]

1221

[1]

1234

[1]

13[1]

13[2]

132[1

]

132[2

]

1321

[1]

1321

[2]

1321

[3]

2112

[1]

2212

[1]

2212

[2]

2212

[3]

2311

[1]

Soil mapping unit

Gyp

sum

in

[%

]

± Standard deviation

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Descriptive Statistics - Field Survey 2 [Grid]

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1113

[1]

1113

[2]

12[1]

1213

[1]

1213

[2]

1221

[1]

1234

[1]

13[1]

13[2]

132[1

]

132[2

]

1321

[1]

1321

[2]

1321

[3]

2112

[1]

2212

[1]

2212

[2]

2212

[3]

2311

[1]

Soil mapping unit

pH

± Standard deviation

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Descriptive Statistics

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1113

[1]

1113

[2]

12[1]

1213

[1]

1213

[2]

1221

[1]

1234

[1]

13[1]

13[2]

132[1

]

132[2

]

1321

[1]

1321

[2]

1321

[3]

2112

[1]

2212

[1]

2212

[2]

2212

[3]

2311

[1]

Soil mapping unit

EC

in

[m

mh

os/

cm

]

± Standard deviation

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Descriptive Statistics - Field Survey 2 - [Grid]

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

1113

[1]

1113

[2]

12[1]

1213

[1]

1213

[2]

1221

[1]

1234

[1]

13[1]

13[2]

132[1

]

132[2

]

1321

[1]

1321

[2]

1321

[3]

2112

[1]

2212

[1]

2212

[2]

2212

[3]

2311

[1]

Soil mapping unit

Cla

y fo

r P

arti

cle

Siz

e C

on

tro

l S

ecti

on

in

[%

]

± Standard deviation

29

TitelProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Satellitenbilddaten:

Scene Information

Sensor: Landsat 7 ETM +Acquisition date: 15th and 22nd January 2002Full scene: Path 162 | Row 043Floating scene-two scenes: Path 163 | Row 041 - 044

Sensor Information

Panchromatic mode: 15 m ground resolutionMultispectral mode: 30 m ground resolutionThermal mode: 60 m ground resolution

Remote SensingRemote Sensing

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Acquiring of three scenes Landsat 7 Acquiring of three scenes Landsat 7 ETM+ from the USGS from the 15th and ETM+ from the USGS from the 15th and 22nd January 200222nd January 2002

Path-Row: 163-42, 163-43 and 162-43Path-Row: 163-42, 163-43 and 162-43

Importing to DI-SoftwareImporting to DI-Software

Procecssing of all scenes and Procecssing of all scenes and mosaicing to one imagemosaicing to one image

Geodetic Transformation: Geodetic Transformation: Geographic Projection from UTM Zone Geographic Projection from UTM Zone 39 N to Qatar National Grid (QNG)39 N to Qatar National Grid (QNG)

Datum from WGS 84 to Qatar National Datum from WGS 84 to Qatar National Datum Datum

31

TitelProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Satellite data

•Landsat-7 ETM+

Ancillary data

•GIS Data•Reports•Spectral libraries•DEM•Aerial photos

Remote Sensing and Ground Reference

Data

Technical treatment and Information

extraction

Image processing

•Mosaicing•Radiometric and geometric correction•Appropriate image classification algorithm

Information extraction

•Ground truth data•Extracting information from training sites

Error Evaluation and Product presentation

Error assessment

•A posteriori knowledge of project area•Statistical analysis of classification results•Error reporting

Thematic map products

•Digital products•Hard copy products

Verfahren der Satellitenbildauswertung

32

TitelAbleitung der Land Cover nach LCCS der FAO:

33

TitelProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Ableitung der Land Use map unter Einbeziehung zusätzlicher Daten:

Industriegebiete

Siedlungen (getrennt nach Stadt, Vorort, Dorf)

Farmen

Infrastruktur

Wüstungen

überstaute Flächen

34

TitelProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Ableitung der Land Use map unter Einbeziehung zusätzlicher Landesdaten:

35

Type of land degradation Abbreviation Consideration within Phase One activities for assessment land degradation in the State of Qatar

Water erosion W  

Loss of topsoil / surface erosion Wt Important, has to be consideredGully erosion / gullying Wg Only few places with gully erosion, not considered

Mass movements Wm Not observed Coastal erosion Wc Not observed

Riverbank erosion Wr Not applicable, because there are no riversOffsite degradation effects Wo Important, has to be considered

Wind erosion E  

Loss of topsoil Et Important, has to be consideredDeflation and Deposition Ed Its considered within Et – loss of topsoil

Offsite degradation effects Eo Important, has to be consideredChemical deterioration C  

Fertility decline and reduced organic matter content

Cn Important, has to be considered

acidification Ca Not applicable because of the high CaCO3 content

Soil pollution Cp Important, has to be consideredSalinisation / alkalinisation Cs Important, has to be considered

Physical deterioration P  

Compaction Pc Important, has to be consideredSealing and crusting Pk Important, has to be considered

Waterlogging Pw Not observed Subsidence of organic soils, settling of soils Ps Not applicable, because there are no organic soils

Loss of bio-productive function due to other activities (eg construction, mining etc.)

Pu Important, has to be considered

Aridification / soil moisture problems Pa Not observed

Typen der Land Degradation nach LADA

36

TitelProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Ableitung der Land Degradation Class:

Land Degradation Map & LegendLand Degradation Map & Legend

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

 

Land Degradation effects according to the land degradation scala is:Land Degradation effects according to the land degradation scala is:Strong below average is 21,585 ha (1.9 %)Strong below average is 21,585 ha (1.9 %)

Moderate below average is 279,793 ha (24.3%)Moderate below average is 279,793 ha (24.3%)

Slight below average is 80278 ha (7%)Slight below average is 80278 ha (7%)

Slight above average is 569,436 ha (49.5%)Slight above average is 569,436 ha (49.5%)

Moderate above average is 27,517 ha (2.4%)Moderate above average is 27,517 ha (2.4%)

Strong above average is 46513 ha (7.3%)Strong above average is 46513 ha (7.3%)

Project GIS IProject GIS I

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Geodatabase based on MS-AccessGeodatabase based on MS-AccessDatabase principle: RDBMSDatabase principle: RDBMS

Importing master lists to MS-Access tablesImporting master lists to MS-Access tables

Check for consistency and updating informationCheck for consistency and updating information

Definition of field types of entities and attributesDefinition of field types of entities and attributes

Setting relationships between master tables resp. selection of Setting relationships between master tables resp. selection of tablestables

Creation of the general outlook of the Geodatabase and its Creation of the general outlook of the Geodatabase and its components (mask and forms for later data entry through intranet/ components (mask and forms for later data entry through intranet/ internet)internet)

Integration of functions to other applicationsIntegration of functions to other applications

Project GIS IIProject GIS II

Project for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification

for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Entry mask

Starting MenuIntranet/ Internet form

40

0. Main ContentsProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

1. Einführung

2. Landeskundliche Angaben

3. Projektinhalte

4. Geodaten

5. Besondere Erfahrungen bei der Erschließung des Marktes

Vortragsgliederung:

41

TitelProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Wichtigste Erfahrungen in Bezug auf Management von Geodaten:

Arc View genießt weltweite Akzeptanz und Verbreitung

Anwendung von GIS (Arc View) ist beispielsweise in Qatar viel stärker verbreitet

Wert von Geodaten ist den Auftraggebern sehr bewusst

Die Lagerung und Verarbeitung der Daten mit MS ACCESS führte im Projekt an die

Grenzen der Handhabbarkeit

Internationale Kartierungs- und Auswertungsalgorithmen (USDA, FAO) sind sehr stark auf

die statistische Auswertung von Geodaten ausgerichtet

die Anwendung solcher Auswertungsroutinen beinhaltet ein großes Betätigungsfeld auf

dem internationalen Markt

speziell am Beispiel Qatar ist der große Nutzen solcher Projekte gut darzustellen

42

TitelProject for the Soil Classification Project for the Soil Classification

and Land Use Specification and Land Use Specification for the State of Qatarfor the State of Qatar

Wichtigste Erfahrungen im neuen Markt Mittlerer Osten:

International bietet sich ein großer Markt für geowissenschaftlich arbeitende Unternehmen

Eine externe (interkulturelle) Beratung bietet große Vorteile.

Eine dauerhafte Präsenz vor Ort und ständige Kommunikation mit dem AG ist notwendig.

Die Absicherung des Währungsrisikos bleibt beim AN hängen.

Große Sorgfalt bei der Auswahl der lokalen Partner ist dringend notwendig.

Ausreichende finanzielle Reserven des Unternehmens sind unverzichtbar.

Fazit: Große Chancen und große Risiken

back