project description (elecpro)

Smart Energy Co.Ltd. 80/127 Soi Ladprao 58/1 Wangthonglang , Wangthonglang Bangkok 10310 ThailandTel: (662) 933-7644 Fax: (662) 933-8147Email: [email protected]

Lao PDR’s Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Project

Vientiane city

1. Project Description

Detials Solving MSW problems in Vientiane City and simultaneously

producing electricity and useful soil conditioner.

Scope of Work Detail design, consruction work, purchase of engineering

equipment and give training to plant operators.

Capacity of the factory The factory can withstand the load of 300 ton of municiapl solid

waste per day, produce 30 tons of soil conditioner and generate

2,000kw Electricity

Income Tippin Fee

Soil Conditioner

Electricity

Material Recovery

Investment cost 20 million US dollar

Financial Fleasibility IRR 30%

Company’s Service

Smart Energy Joint Venture is willing to offer Vientiane City an

innovative SMSWE (Smart Municipal Solid Waste to Energy)

system capable of turning municipal solid waste into electricity

and soil conditioner. The proposed system can be used as an

alternative to inapropriate dumping-site landfills, which at the

moment cause a tremendous burben on Vientiane Citys’

adminstrators. Moreover, apart from solving waste problems,

this project also generate electricity and organic soil

conditioner, which help improve the environment.

Smart Energy-SMSWE’ process

Smart Energy Co.Ltd.1 | P a g e



Vientiane city

The process developed by Smart Energy is a

combination of waste physical sorting facilites and anerobic

digestion of organic solid for generation of electricity. Smart

Energy’s anaerobic digestion process have been delvelopped

continuously for over ten years of experiences in the area of

municipal waste water treatment and palm oil mill waste to

energy projects. Now Smart Energy’s has received a patent for

its anaerobic digestion technology, which has a trademark

name of Smart Digestor®.

A Comparison Between Different MSW Disposal Process

There are many ways to handle MSW. However, there are also strength and

weakness in every kind of process. It is essential that an appropriate technology, which

gives solution to the existing problem, is implemented.

Table 1. Advantages and disadvantages of different waste to energy process

Process Description Advantages DisadvantagesRotary Klin Incinerator

Incineration of MSW inside a rotating cylinder. MSW will be burnt when contacted with the wall of the cylinder.

Waste doesn’t have to be sorted.

Thermal efficiency as high as 80%

This process can deal with MSW that comprised of different kind of waste with different heating value.

Not a very popular process

High investment and operating cost

Fluidized-bed Reactor(FBR)

In FBR air is passed through a bed of granular solid material combined with MSW. MSW is used as a fuel. It raises when subjected to large enough fluid(gas) velocity. The reactor has a cylindrical shape and usually made out of silica or ceramic.

Low investment and operating cost

Thermal efficiency as high as 90%

Can be used to eliminate a variety of waste.

The size of MSW entering the FBR must be specifically control; otherwise FBR will not function properly.

SteamTreatment &Gasification

The process involved heating MSW with high temperate steam(Autoclave), which convert MSW into refuse derived fuel(RDF).

MSW doesn’t need to be sorted.

Most MSW can be treated which leaves very little to be sent to landfill.

During gasification, tars, heavy metals, halogens and alkaline compounds are released.

Moving Grate Stoker Incinerator

The process continuously treated municipal solid waste of inter- diameter less than 50

The size of MSW from this process is reduced by 80% to 90%.

It is very likely that this process will be protested by local




Vientiane city

centimeters. Others larger or explosive MSW, such as vehicle engines and tires, are not allowed in the Moving Grate Stoker Incinerator.

Require small space. people. The process produced

Dioxin, SOx and NOx therefore a treating unit have to be install along with the incinerator.

Smart Energy-SMSWE

A full-scale MSW management infrastructure utilizing a patented Smart Digester® technology to convert organic waste into electricity. MSW that are not categorized as organic waste will be separated, recycled or recovered or to the landfill.

Smart digester® is environmental friendly and safe for local people.

This process produced large amount of useful soil conditioner and electricity.

Large area is required for the construction of pond lagoon.

Project’s Objective

1. To reduce the unpleasant impact of municipal solid waste

on Vientiane city by mean of a genuine waste to energy

process.

2. To produce electricity and soil conditioner from solid

organic wastes giving the project considerably income.

3. To sort municipal solid waste so that some material, for

instance plastic bags and bottles, can be separated and

recycled.

Project’s Benefits

1. This project will improve environment sanitation and the

well being of people in Vientiane city due to reduction in

the amount of untreated municipal solid waste being

handled inappropriately.

2. This project will offer job for local people and increase the

income of small business around the area of the

construction.

3. This project will provide environmental friendly conversion

of waste to energy by Smart Digester® system.

4. This project will supply more electricity to the villages.




Vientiane city

2. SMSWE technology description

Smart Energy-SWSWE process is divided into four

parts. The first part will be referred to as front-end section,

the second section is called biogas and electricity generation,

and the third part is called effluent treatment/recycle, while

the last section is the production of soil conditioner. Smart

Energy has designed various front-end facilities capable of

preliminary separation of large and metallic MSW with size

greater than 60mm. Municipal solid that is smaller than

60mm will be separated from the rest of the solid waste and

carried by a conveyor to the hydro-separator, which used

water as a separating medium. In this project, Smart Digester®

will be used to convert organic solid wastes into biogas. Smart

Energy Co.Ltd has received a patent for the Smart Digester®

technology innovation, thus making Smart Energy the only

company that has an official license for using Smart Digester®.

For almost ten years Smart Energy Co.Ltd has developed

impressive reputation for waste to energy project in Palm Mill

Factories in the South of Thailand using Smart Digester®.

Front-end

Front-end section of the system responsible for

separating inorganic waste, such as plastic, metal and glass

from organic waste, such as agricultural residue and food. It is

water-based, which enable effective separation of MSW

1. Hand Sorting & Bag Opening

MSW collected by trucks will be dumped in the closed

area of the plant, scoped up by a tractor and placed onto a

conveyor belt to be hand-picked. Big size MSW such as

umbrella, tires or any material of size greater than 300mm are

picked out of the conveyor belt while the rest entered the bag


Conveyor



Vientiane city

opening unit. Nearly 15% or 45 tons/day of the MSW inputs

are big size material that can be sold as recycled product.

Meanwhile, another 45 tons of big-size material that cannot

be recycled (such as rubber) will to be taken to the landfill

dumping area.

Biogas and Electricity Generation

2. Hydro Separation

Hydro Separation is a unit that separate solid waste by

density. Plastic with less density floated on top of the

separator while heavy solid such as rock will sink to the

bottom. The two types of solid waste located at the top and

bottom of the separator will be collected leaving organic solid

waste will be in the middle . A turbine is employed to enhance

the speed of the separation and push organic solid waste into

the Grinder and then the equalization pond. This is time the

organic solid should be less than 10mm.

3. Smart Digester®

Smart Digester® is a constructed earth pond structure lined with reinforced concrete. The reactor has a narrow, long, shallow shape and it contains two compartments. The first compartment, located inside the second one, provided retention time for the incoming waste. Under anaerobic condition these waste are consumed by bacteria and then gas is generated. Similar to the oxidation ditch, the first compartment is where mixed liquor suspended solids (wastewater and bacteria) are circulated around. Flow makers installed at both end of the compartment are used to provide the circulation necessary to maintain solid suspension. The second compartment or the sedimentation chamber is located around the first one. By gravity settlement under unturbulent condition, suspended solid is separated from the clear effluent in the second compartment, which gives more time for bacteria contained in the suspended solid to react in the first compartment. A separation between the


Construction

Construction



Vientiane city

bottom part to allow the mixed liquor from the first compartment (reaction chamber) to pass through to the second compartment (sedimentation chamber). However, the settled sludge (including bacteria) is returned to first compartment).

The Smart Digester® that will be used in this project have been designed to treat 1,080m3 of 6% organic diluted waste waterwaste per day, which is equivalent to 54 TTS per day or 48.6 TVS per day. It is calculated that 24,000m3 of biogas with 60% methane can be produced per day. The temperature of the lagoon and acidity (pH) is maintained at 35oC and 7 neutral. The loading rate is usually kept at 4.1 kilogram of dry solid per 1m3 of the digester to preserve a reasonable food to mass ratio inside the digester. Biogas

generated will flow from the digester to the desulphurization unit and dehumidification unit first and then to the Electric Generator.

Smart Energy Joint Venture have proposed an evironmental friendly solution for Vientiane’s municipal solid waste managment.

4. Generation of ElectricityElectric generator uses biogas as a fuel for internal

combustion. The torque produced from this combustion will rotate the turbine which can generate approximately 2Kwe.h of electricity for every 1m3 of biogas. The electrical current produced by the Generator is send to the transformer and then the grid. A protection unit employed to ensure the safety of the grid connection unit. For this project it is calculated that 2.000Mwe will be generated from two 1Mwe electric generators.

5. Production of Soil ConditionerApart from the generation of electricity, Smart energy-

SMSWE also uses the effluent sludge from the Smart Digester® lagoon to produce soil conditioner for agricultural purpose. Approximately 369m3 of effluent sludge is carried to the belt filter per day, which produced 81 tons of filter cake per day to


Smart Digester®

Gas Cleaning Unit: Desulphurification



Vientiane city

be dried into 30tons of soil conditioner per day with 50% moisture content.

3. Conceptual Design

In this project the following site will be constructed. A model picture of the construction site is shown below.

There are three main construction site

1. Front-end buildings

2. Soil conditioner production buildings

3. Smart Digestor® + Gas Cleaning Unit


Key

1. Front-end Building(Sorting)

2. Smart Digester® lagoon3. Gas Cleaning Station 4. Anaerobic Pond5. Soil conditioner

production building6. Control room7. Office8. Electrical Generators

1

2

4

35

6

7

Modeling of the whole campus



Vientiane city

1. Front-end building

The Front-end building ,covering 6,250m2 of the

area and 8.5m in hieght, consist of two closed rooms;

a room for dumping waste and a room for seperating

wastes. The room for dumping waste is designed for

the colllection of 300 ton of MSW per day(99,000ton

per year). This room is separated from the waste

physical sorting room because wastes produced

unpleasant smell and should be kept in closed-system

and away from workers. This way workers in the hand-

sorting section will not have to suffer from health

consequences due to hazardous smell.

The room for serperating wastes will contain

four conveyers for the hand sorting lines (number 1),

bag opener (number 2), two full-scale trommels (rotary

screen; number 3), two magnetic separators and four

hydro-separation tank (number 4).

2. Soil conditioner production buildings

This building is located on the right side of the Front-

end building. The size of the building is 20 x 45m2 x

6m. The building contain a belt filter and a drying

machine is used to reduce the water content of the

sludge from Smart Digester®.

3. Smart Digestor® + Gas Cleaning Unit

Smart Digestor®, 100m x 28m lagoon, are

covered with a large HDPE plastic sheet. The lagoon are

approximately 6.00m deep and four flow meters are

employed to help solid suspension inside the reactor.

The construction of Smart Digestor® is perhaps the

most complicated task because the model is specifically


Front-end Modeling 2

1

2

3

4





Vientiane city

designed for giving anerobic digestion an optimal

reaction condition. Gas produced within reactor will be

carried to the gas cleaning unit which is located beside

the Soil Conditioner Producing Building. The area

require for the installation of a water condenser (to get

rid of moisture content in gas) and a desulphurification

unit is approximately 200m2.

This project proposed by Smart Energy Joint

Venture is an environmetal friendly solution to MSW

problem in Lao PDR. Impletmentation of the project

would reduce MSW dumping and burning practices

that caused pollution in Lao PDR. The system supplied

by Smart Energy Co.Ltd have been proven to be one of

the best.

Smart Energy Joint Venture is eager to work

together with local insitution in Lao PDR to develop a

sustainable MSW management system.




Vientiane city

4. Flesibility of Project




Vientiane city


project description (elecpro)

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