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PROGRESSIVE ERA

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Page 1: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

PROGRESSIVE ERA

Page 2: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM

• Protect social welfare• Promote moral improvement• Create economic reform• Foster efficiency

Page 3: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 4: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

SOCIAL WELFARE

• YMCA (Young Men’s Christian Association)• opened libraries• sponsored classes• Built swimming pools, courts

• Salvation Army• soup kitchens• child care

• “Social Gospel”:• Settlement Homes• community centers• Churches• social services

~YMCA Basketball League, 1896

Page 5: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

WHAT IS THE SOCIAL GOSPEL?

• As spoken by one of the preachers of the ‘Social Gospel’:• “the application of the teaching of Jesus and the total

message of the Christian salvation to society, economic life, and social institutions…as well as the individual.”

Page 6: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

FIRST SETTLEMENT HOUSE, HULL HOUSE, CHICAGO

• Jane Addams, co-founded with Ellen Gates Starr, 1889.

Page 7: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

~Nursery, Hull House

Page 8: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

“Civilization is a method of living and an attitude of equal respect for all

people.”~Jane Addams

Page 9: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

FLORENCE KELLEY

• Advocate for improving lives of women and children.

• Helped pass Illinois Factory Act of 1893, prohibited child labor and limited women’s working hours.

Page 10: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

MORAL IMPROVEMENT: PROHIBITION

• WCTU, founded in 1874 in Cleveland: Women’s Christian Temperance Union.

• Frances Willard is key in growing WCTU to a national organization.

• 245,000 members by 1911.

Page 11: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 12: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 13: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 14: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

ANTI-SALOON LEAGUE, 1895

Page 15: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 16: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

ECONOMIC REFORM

• Panic of 1893: prompted some to question capitalist system.

• Eugene V. Debs: helped organize American Socialist Party (1901); argued against uneven economic distribution between business, government, and ordinary people.

Page 17: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 18: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 19: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

JOURNALISTS OF EARLY 20TH CENTURY: MUCKRAKERS

• Wrote about corrupt side of business and public life.

• Ida Tarbell; called out Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company.

• Lincoln Steffens; exposed business and government corruption in McClure’s Magazine.

• Upton Sinclair; The Jungle (1905).• Jacob Riis; How the Other Half Lives (1890)

Page 20: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 21: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 22: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 23: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

CHILD LABOR

• National Child Labor Committee (1904): formulated in New York City to investigate child labor; led to ban in 1916 (overturned in Supreme Court in 1918); wouldn’t fully be endorsed until 1930s.

Page 24: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 25: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 26: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT

• Frederick Winslow Taylor: “Taylorism,” uses time and motion studies to improve efficiency by breaking manufacturing tasks into simpler parts.

• How fast could work be performed?• Assembly-line manufacturing.

Page 27: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 28: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

HENRY FORD

• Reduced workday to eight hours and paid workers $5 per day.

Page 29: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 30: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Page 31: PROGRESSIVE ERA. FOUR MAIN GOALS OF PROGRESSIVISM Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

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