PROGRESS REPORT

MID TERM REVIEW - PHASE II

Orissa Tribal Empowerment ANDLivelihoods Programme (OTELP)

CONTENT

Sl. No. Particulars Pages1. Background 1

2. The Programme area and coverage 4

2.1 Institution Building 6

3. Capacity Building for Empowerment 9

3.1 Community Empowerment & Management 9

3.2 Skill Development of Beneficiaries 12

3.3 Capacity Building of Support Agencies 13

3.4 Gender Mainstreaming 24

4. Livelihoods Enhancement 25

4.1 Land & Water Management 25

4.2 Participatory Forest Management 33

4.3 Production System Enhancement 34

4.4 Rural Financial Services 47

5. Community Infrastructure and Development Initiatives Fund 55

5.1 Total Sanitation in the Programme Villages 58

5.2 Solar Electrification Workshop 59

6. Support for Policy Initiatives 60

6.1 Opertionalisation of 10 to 30 degree slope survey and 62settlement: a historic transaction

6.2 Focused Intervention for Land to Landless 64

6.3 Special interventions for PTGs 64

7. Food Handling 66

8. Programme Management 68

8.1 Monitoring & Evaluation 68

8.2 Web Based M&E Software 71

8.3 Implementation of RIMS Impact Survey 71

8.4 Revision of Programme Logframe 72

8.5 Impact Assessment 72

8.6 Financial Management 73

8.7 Year wise Financial Progress 75

8.8 Financial Progress by Components 76

Pa

ge1

1. Background

The Orissa Tribal Empowerment and Livelihoods Programme (OTELP) is being implemented by

the Scheduled Tribe & Scheduled Caste Development Department of Govt. of Orissa with financial

assistance from the DFID, IFAD and the WFP. The programme aims to ensure that livelihoods and

food security of poor tribal household are sustainably improved through promoting a more efficient equitable self

managed and sustainable exploitation of the Natural Resources at their disposal and through off farm/non-farm

enterprise development.

To achieve the goal the Programme sets the objectives to:

• build the capacity of marginal groups as individual and grass root institution.

• enhance the access of poor tribal people to land water and forest and increase the

productivity of these resources in environmentally sustainable and socially equitable

ways;

• encourage and facilitate off-farm enterprise development focused on the needs of poor

tribal households;

• monitor the basic food entitlements of tribal households and ensure their access to

public food supplies;

• strengthen the institutional capacity of government agencies, Panchayati Raj Institutions,

NGOs and civil society to work effectively on a participatory mode for poverty

reduction with tribal communities;

• encourage the development of a pro-tribal enabling environment through ensuring that

legislation governing control of and access to, development resources by poor tribal

households is implemented effectively and recommending other policy improvements;

and

• build on the indigenous knowledge and values of tribal and blend these with

technological innovations to ensure a speedier pace of development.

The programme is being implemented in 3 phases. The Phase I of the programme was completed in

2007 .The implementation of Phase II was started from 2008 based on the recommendations of the

Phase I Mid Term Review Mission conducted during September, 2006. For the both the phases,

Hon’ble Chief Minister of Orissa Sri Naveen Pattnaik lunched the programme on 2nd October 2004

and 27th March 2007 respectively.

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The programme covers 30 blocks in 7 Southern west districts of Orissa, in a phased manner. The

Phase I implementation covers ten tribal blocks of four districts namely Kalahandi, Koraput,

Kandhamal and Gajapati commenced since October 2004 and Phase II has covered rest 20 blocks

including the above districts and other three districts viz. Rayagada, Malakanagiri & Nawrangpur.

The programme has adopted strategic partnership with the village organizations constituted by the

primary stakeholders for implementation of programme activities and with Non Govt.

Organizations for providing facilitation and capacity Building inputs to the primary stakeholders and

Village communities. Govt. plays a supportive role in strengthening the community institutions and

NGOs for smooth implementation of the programme.

The programme adopts an integrated micro watershed management approach covering a cluster of

10 to 12 micro watersheds situated contagiously with an approximate area of 500 ha per micro

watershed. It is also taken care during the selection of the micro watersheds that the boundary of

one set of 10-12 micro watersheds are coterminous with the Gram Panchayat. The programme has

adopted a seven year project cycle management which is further divided into three distinct phases.

The initial two years are called probation phase, next three years are called main implementation

phase and the last two years of the programme is called consolidation phase/ withdrawal phase.

Probation Phase Main Implementation Phase Consolidation Phase

Initial Two Years Middle Three years Last Two Years

• Organization of Communities

• Institution Building and establishment of participatory processes

• Participatory Planning • Capacity Building for implementation and record keeping

• Execution of the village development plan

• Natural Resource Management and Livelihoods Interventions

• Skill Up-gradation Training • Demonstrations, Exposures • Credit Linkage, Micro Enterprise

• Gradual Withdrawal of project

• Implementation of Sustainability Strategy

• Capacity Building for management of community assets

• Management of village development fund

• Convergence

The programme thrusts upon the development of livelihoods of the poor tribal people based on

their natural resource and skill base. The livelihood profile of the poor communities in the

programme areas covers different activities; like wage employment, Agriculture, Sale of Forest

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Produces, Migration etc. and the intensity of dependence on the above are different based on the

family economic status. However the programme constantly tries to improve each section of the

livelihood option of the poor by creating maximum opportunities for wage employment for the

poor people, where the people get direct cash and grain income from the wage employment and vis-

à-vis created community assets for conservation and development of Natural Resources. The food

security, which used to be for about 4 to 6 months per year has improved due to direct

intervention in creating wage employment opportunities and providing food for grains as part of

the wage, which directly impacts the food availability at the household level. Besides, efforts have

been made for improving the production system at the village level in promoting sustainable

agriculture, trying out innovations in Aquaculture, and improving the quality of life through

community infrastructure and development initiatives.

The programme has so far completed about 5½ years

of implementation in Phase I programme areas

covering 390 villages in 10 programme blocks. The

Phase II operation has started in a phased manner i.e

the Phase-II blocks of Phase-I district were taken up

during January 2008 and those of Phase-II district

were taken up during January 2009, as per the recommendation of Phase I Mid Term Review

(MTR). This was followed by the process of selecting the FNGOs for new blocks in both Phase-I &

II districts. A total of 22 new FNGOs have been selected and contracted for implementation of the

programme in the new blocks1 of both Phase-I & II districts.

1 The Th. Rampur and Lanjigarh block of Kalahandi district has been included in Phase II implementation as there were no additional blocks of the district under the programme in Phase II and as there are many watersheds still uncovered by any of the development programme, the SLPMC decided to include both the blocks agains in Phase II operation.

Phase Duration Closing Date

Phase I Three Years March, 2007

Phase II Four Years March, 2011

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2. The Programme area and coverage

The programme is being implemented in 30 backward blocks of seven districts of south west Orissa

namely Koraput, Kalahandi, Gajapati, Kandhamal, Malkanagiri, Nawrangpur and Rayagada. This

implementation programme has been made in a phased manner. 10 blocks in 4 districts have been

taken up in Phase I, covering 19481 households in 390 villages in Koraput, Kalahandi, Gajapati and

Kandhamal districts. From January 2008, Phase II operations have started in additional 9 blocks of

the above districts along with additional micro watershed in the Phase I blocks of Kalahandi district.

The total coverage in Phase-II areas of above districts are 9 Blocks covering 15129 Households

living in 328 villages. The Phase-II operation in new districts namely Nawrangpur, Malkanagiri and

Rayagada started from January 2009 in 11 Blocks covering 21570 Households in 316 villages. The

details of the targeted beneficiaries of the programme and coverage for both the phases are

presented in the table below.

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Particulars Phase I (2004-

2007)

Phase II (2008- 2011) Total

Districts covered Koraput, Gajapati,

Kalahandi,

Kandhamal

Koraput, Gajapati,

Kalahandi,

Kandhamal

Nawrangpur,

Malkanagiri,

Rayagada

7

Blocks covered 10 9 11 30

No. of FNGOs 12 11 11 34

No of Micro-

watershed

135 113 110 358

No of Villages 390 328 316 1034

Treatable area (in ha) 63219.43 55904.53 56244.32 175368.28

Total households 19481 15129 21570 56180

ST Households 16301 10438 15462 42201

% of ST HH 83.68 68.99 71.68 79.94

SC Households 2360 2276 3433 8069

% of SC HH 12.11 15.04 15.92 15.28

BPL Households 16277 10314 12883 39474

% of BPL HH 83.55 68.17 59.73 74.77

Landless Households 4990 2935 4470 12395

% of LL HH 25.61 19.40 20.72 23.48

Vulnerable/ destitute

Households

3101 1546 1474 6121

% of VL/D HH 15.92 10.22 6.83 11.59

Total male 43570 33881 50528 127979

Total female 44104 34436 49142 127682

ST male 36443 23341 35382 95166

ST female 37124 23763 34434 95321

SC male 5037 5488 8576 19101

SC female 4921 5231 7910 18062

(Source: Project MIS, 2010)

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The targeted beneficiaries of the programme in programme villages constitute about 80% of the

Schedule Tribe and 15% of Schedule Caste households. About 75% of the targeted households live

Below Poverty Line (BPL). 12395 Households, which is about 24% of the total households, are

absolute landless household who doesn’t have any land for agriculture or homestead. If we analyse

the legal landless2 position, it would be more than 85% of the total household. The programme

covers 127979 male and 127682 female beneficiaries. As per the Well Being Ranking (WBR)

conducted during the planning phase, there are about 12% of the total households which are either

vulnerable or destitute households. Most of these households are women headed, widow and

persons with old age or disability. As the programme adopts the complete inclusion strategy ,the

total population of the villages has been included for the proposed intervention.

2.1 Institution Building

The programme adopts a public private -community partnership approach in implementation of the

programme. In this PPCP mode, government has taken the role of providing technical assistance

and support, where the NGOs plays the role of facilitator to the community in capacitating them for

planning, implementation, monitoring and governance. Community being the primary stakeholders

(beneficiary) of the programme, plays the role of implementer by directly executing the programme

activities through various community based organizations like Self Help Group (SHG), User Group

(UG) and Common Interest Group (CIG).

2 Legal Landless: A family with ownership over less than one standard acre of land as per OLR Act.

Stake Holders Role & Responsibilities

Government Technical Assistance and Support

NGO Facilitation for planning, technology transfer, capacity

building, handholding support for implementation.

Community Planning, implementation, monitoring & evaluation,

governance, documentation.

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Micro watershed

development approach as the

basis for development of

livelihood has been adopted

as the framework of

implementation. With the

overall institutional

modalities prescribed by the

MoRD, GoI, the guideline

and design of the

programme, Village

Development Associations

(VDA) have been organized

by taking all the adult

members of the villages

within the micro watershed

and registered under the societies act 1860. Village Development Committees (VDC) as executive

body of the VDA, are constituted, comprising the representatives from all the villages within the

micro watershed. Those representatives of the VDCs are either selected or elected from existing

village based organizations such as Self Help Group (SHG), User Group (UG), Traditional

Institutions etc. The VDC comprises of about 15 to 20 members out of which about 50% are

women. The VDC has the President and Secretary as office bearers to look into the day to day affair

regarding implementation of the programme, accounts keeping etc. The VDC has engaged five

young village volunteers from the community as community resource person in five critical areas

such as Agriculture, Livestock, Land & Water, Book Keeping and Social Mobilization to support the

implementation of programme activities. These village volunteers are trained in their respective

subject areas to provide support services to the primary stake holders. Besides the VDC, in each

village the Village Level Sub Committee (VLSC) has been formed as a sister organization of the

VDC. The responsibilities of the VLSCs are to plan and implement the programme activities in their

respective villages. Palli Sabha being the authorized village institution has been adopted under the

programme to undertake the social and financial audit of the programme implementation. Thus, the

Village Level Social and Financial Audit Sub Committee are constituted at the village level which is

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coterminous with the Palli Sabhas of the villages. The programme promotes the monthly meeting of

the Palli Sabha (VSFASC) in each village

to undertake the social and

financial audit for the

respective month, where the

VLSC leaders present the

detail progress of the work

and expenditures incurred

during the month for

approval of the above

committee. The voucher

based monitoring system3 as

a monitoring tool at the

VLSC level enables the

VLSC to summarize the

monthly programme

expenditure in a standardized

format for taking approval of

the expenditures from the

Village Social and Financial

Audit Sub Committee. Each

VLSFASC meets in a fixed

date in each month and review the physical progress made on the activities being implemented in

the village and approves the expenditure made during the month.

3 Voucher based monitoring system is a monitoring tool being used since June 2007 and adopted by the programme. This supports the VLSC and VDCs to prepare their monthly expenditures based on the paid vouchers and report to the ITDA. This expenditure statement by the VDC is being adopted as statement of expenditure. This has not only simplified the financial documentation but also improved the self governance and transparency of financial transactions at the community level.

Phase-II Parameters Phase-I

Phase-

I Dist

Phase-II

Dist

No. of VDCs formed and

Registered

135 113 110

No. of VLSCs formed 390 328 266

No. of Village Level Social

&Financial Audit Sub

Committee formed

390 328 281

% of Women Members in the

VDCs

50.13 52.39 50.28

% of ST Members in the VDCs 85.57 88.81 80.46

% of Landless Members in the

VDCs

16.33 13.32 19.26

Average attendance in the

meetings Men

62.18 84.30 81

Average attendance in the

meetings Women

58.08 84.83 72

(Source: Project MIS, 2010)

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3. Capacity Building for Empowerment

Thrust of the programme is to build the capacity of the primary stakeholders, who are primarily

responsible for planning and execution of work under the programme. About 85% of total budget

of the programme is under the work component, which is transferred to grass-root level institutes to

execute the planned activities. The staffs of FNGO and ITDA play a supportive role to facilitate the

communities to ensure timely implementation of the programme.

Experiences and lessons gathered during implementation of programme in Phase I villages, has

broadened the understanding of the facilitators to adopt a strategic approach under Capacity

Building component of the programme. The Capacity Building Strategy document prepared with the

assistance of external consultant underlines the strength of the CBOs and village level volunteers,

who are the key factors for successful implementation of OTELP. The Process Guideline prepared

under the programme also stipulates dedicated phase of 2 years for Community Mobilisation for

effective grounding of the programme. Adequate Community Mobilisation programme / events,

formation / strengthening of existing institutions are the focused interventions during the probation

phase. Based on the feedback of MTR and subsequent Joint Review Missions, the PSU in

consultation with field level staff has standardized the Community Mobilization framework covering

activities such as theme based street play, video show, sensitization workshop, health camp, animal

health camp, wall writing, observation of important days, high lighting the issues of community

based development etc. to ensure community participation in implementation of programme.

Number of trainings on institution building, participatory development processes, leadership,

conflict management, issues relating to equity and gender mainstreaming, book keeping and

accounts management, convergence, collective marketing etc.are also covered in the package of

Community Empowerment and Management.

The sequential steps followed in grounding the programme and to enable the community level

organisations to take lead to implement the programme are as below:

3.1 Community Empowerment & Management

The inputs under Community Empowerment and Management have been identified as most

significant contribution to ensure community participation in development process. The success of

the OTELP entirely depends upon the knowledge, skill, abilities etc of the members of the

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communities and their ownership in effective implementation of programme. High level of

motivation and commitment of the community members for effective programme implementation

has been developed during the initial phases of programme implementation by organising different

sensitisation camps, trainings, exposure visits and through interaction with other communities, who

has practiced the same earlier. Varied inputs on institution building, good governance, participatory

processes, Community Property Resource Management, Tribal rights issues, Convergence etc. are

also ensured during the initial phases of programme implementation to ensure quality participation

with empowered responsibilities.

Based upon experiences and lessons learnt during implementation of programme in Phase I

programme villages, OTELP has formulated a standardized Community Mobilization framework.

The major interventions taken up under the Community Empowerment and Management are as

below.

3.1.1 Entry Point Activity:

To gain the confidence of the people and to establish the

credibility of the programme in the initial days of

programme implementation, small works such as

renovation of tube well platform, excavation of Chuan for

drinking water, smokeless stove, Solar lantern, sitting

platform, small meeting hall etc. which are immediate

concern for the communities, have been constructed. Rupees 50,000/- (approx.) has been

earmarked under EPA for each MWS. It is proposed that small work, as per request of the villagers

should be taken up in each programme village of the respective MWS. These activities are scheduled

to be completed during first six months of programme implementation.

Phase No. of EPA completed

Total Expenses (in Rs. Lakhs

Phase I 306 50.52

Phase II 975 108.91

Total 1281 159.43

(Source: Project MIS, 2010)

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3.1.2 Community Mobilisation & Empowerment:

Series of community mobilization activities have been taken up in the programme villages to

sensitize the communities on various development issues including the different schemes/

provisions of Govt. and other

non govt. organizations.

Villagers have been oriented on

the expected benefit of the

programme and the modalities

for programme implementation

through meetings, sensitization

camps, cultural shows, wall

writing, hoardings etc.

Training programmes on tribal

rights were organized to

sensitize them on their

responsibilities to avail the

entitled benefits. Similarly, series

of human health camps,

veterinary camps etc. have been organized. Strengthening of existing SHGs and formation of new

SHGs with the left over households was prioritized with campaign mode. Community members

were facilitated to draw up the village development and livelihoods plan. Training/ sensitization

meetings on land right issues (OPLE, OGLS, FRA, Vasundhara etc.) have been organized for all the

programme villages. Villagers are also mobilized on the advantages of convergence with the PRIs to

ensure continued support from different schemes. Need based exposure visits have been organized

at different places for comprehensive understanding. The details of the training programmes and

other events conducted for during the period are presented in the above table.

Cumulative training/ events organized

Activities

Pre MTR-I

Post MTR-I

Total

Community Mobilization Camps (Health Camp/ Awareness Camp/ Animal Health Camp/ Video Shows/ Cultural Programmes/ wall writing etc.

522 2839 3361

Training Programme for SHGs (Leadership, Group Dynamics, Accounts, organizational Management etc

573 2573 3146

Training Programme VDCs/ VLSC/ UG (Leadership, Accounts, organizational management, Tribal Rights, Convergence etc.)

606 2931 3537

Total 1701 8343 10044

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3.2 Skill Development of Beneficiaries

Capacity buildings

inputs under this sub-

component include

trainings, exposures,

demonstration etc. to

upgrade the skills of

beneficiaries (primary

stakeholders) for

execution of different

activities under the

production

enhancement

components (L&W,

Agri, Horti, Pisci-

culture, PFM, CIF etc.) and income generating activities (RFS) etc. Skill based trainings, exposures,

demonstrations etc. are being designed based on the activity plan proposed by the communities

under Annual Work Plan and Budget. Capacity Building inputs under this component will be mostly

covered during implementation phase (3-5 yrs) of programme cycle. Different resource institutes /

Cumulative Training & Exposures

Activities

Pre MTR-I

Post MTR-I

Total

Training and exposure on low cost measures under Land & Water Management

29 595 624

Training and exposure on improved practices of Agri / Horti / PFM

52 844 896

Training and exposure on improved rearing practices for Livestock & Aquaculture Development

18 508 526

Training and exposure on preparation of business plan and implementation of Non Farm Activities Development

58 775 833

Skill Development Vocational Training to Youth

0 209 209

Total 157 2931 3088

Tribal Women from the Programme Villages trained on bamboo crafts are exhibiting in Adivasi Mela, 2010

Village Volunteers undergoing hands on training on INRM in Kalahandi district.

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organizations and resource persons have been contracted / tied up to take up capacity building

activities under different thematic areas as identified jointly by the staff from ITDA and FNGOs.

The Resource Centers like Soil Conservation Training Institute, Govt. of Orissa, Central Soil and

Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, ICAR, Semiliguda, Regional Research

Technology Transfer Station, (RRTTS), OUAT, Semiliguda, Koraput, Krushi Vigyan Kendras,

OUAT, Community Level Resource Centers (OWDM) and other private owned training institutes

were tied up with OTELP programme districts. Besides, Resource Persons from local NGOs and

line department has been augmented regularly. The various training programme conducted pre and

post MTR I duration are presented in the above table.

3.3 Capacity Building of Support Agencies

The programme extended

to new blocks in 4 phase I

districts and 3 new districts

from 2008 in a staggered

manner. The staffs of newly

engaged FNGOs were

trained in their subject

matter as well as on the

programme perspective,

participatory development

etc. in batches to

understand the concept of

the programme, its implementation processes, objectives and expected outcomes. The subject

matter trainings are focused on the current development and practices under the subject and low

cost technologies and methodologies.

Similarly, programme has added new staff to its implementation process during the expansion. The

PSU took a strategic decision to keep mixed staff in each district to ensure quick start up in the new

districts. This has also resulted in quick understanding of the programme and its implementation

process by the newly engaged staff. Besides, a series of induction training programmes are

Cumulative training &

Exposures / person

trained

Activities

Pre

MTR-I

Post

MTR-I

Tota

l

No. of Trainings on Skill Development for FNGO staff

34 128 162

No. of training on Community Mobilization and Empowerment & SHGs for FNGO Staff

22 93 115

Training for line Dept. Staffs/ Support Organizations

10 22 32

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conducted to sensitize the programme perspective, highlighting the component and sub component

of OTELP. These trainings are mostly organised by PSU.

Exposure of the newly engaged staff of ITDA and FNGO were organised to WOTR, MANAGE,

ICRISAT, MYRADA, WASSAN, BAIF and other Grassroots Institutes etc. for different thematic

aspects of programme components. They were also exposed to old programme villages to

understand the modalities of community driven implementation of the programme. Technical

support was augmented by PSU to take up training programme on Communication, Micro Level

Planning, Gender Mainstreaming, Knowledge Management etc for the staff of ITDAs and FNGOs.

Besides trainings and exposures for staff from old district also organized. The details of training

organised are given in the above table.

3.3.1 Details of Trainings and Workshops organized by PSU:

The PSU has also organised training programmes on various technical subjects, policy issues as well

has also facilitated the district team to organise similar training programmes. Training on FRA to the

staff of FNGO and other village volunteers were imparted by PA, ITDA/ Sub Collectors in their

respective block headquarter. The trainees, in turn took up sensitization training on FRA act at the

community level with the facilitation support of FNGOs associated in implementation of OTELP.

Village Volunteers exposed to advanced technology

on agriculture in CHES (ICAR Institution) at

Bhubaneswar

State Level Workshop on preparedness planning

for the impact of Climate Change in Livelihoods

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Further, the support of Technical Expert has been rendered to the ITDAs with the financial

assistance from ICRISAT to

provide day to day hand

holding support on

agricultural development.

PSU has developed different

module and manuals on

Book Keeping for SHGs,

Gender, Communication,

MLP, Land & Water

Management etc with the

support of PST. The details

of the training organised by

the PSU are presented in the

adjoining table.

Specialized training

programmes for programme

staff ,FNGOs, ITDAs and

Community level Volunteers

were organized on various

aspects of improved

agriculture as follows:

• Improved Agro Techniques on Tuber crops at Regional Centre, CTCRI (ICAR),

Bhubaneswar.

• Improved Agro techniques in cultivation of Maize, Raagi, Lesser Millets, Turmeric, Ginger,

Off Season Tomato, Bean, Cashew crop at OUAT, Bhubaneswar.

Training Programme for WDTs and SMSs ITDA

No of trainings organized

Induction Training Programme for ITDA / WDTs

4

Training on Communication and issues relating to Convergence

3

Training on Micro level planning 3

Training on Gender Mainstreaming 5

Training on Participatory Monitoring 2

Training on Log frame revision 2

Training on farm Management at MANAGE, Hyderabad

1

Training on Watershed Management at WOTR 1

Training on Documentation & Communication 1

Training on Agriculture / Horticulture 3

Training on Collective Marketing 8

Training on Specialised Agriculture, Horticulture

8

Training on Soil & water Conservation, Agro-forestry, Watershed Management

1

Workshop on Finalisation of Impact Assessment Report

1

Workshop on final dissemination of Impact Assessment and Exit Strategy report

1

Training on Integrated NRM 1

Training on GIS Application 1

Exit Strategy implementation plan workshop 1

Climate Change Workshop 1

(Source: Project MIS, 2010)

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• Production Technology in SRI & Improved Agriculture Techniques of Rice in Rainfed

Situation at CRRI (ICAR), Cuttack.

• Improved Agro

techniques in cultivation

of Mango, Banana &

Papeya and production

of quality planting

materials at Central

Horticulture Experiment

Station (ICAR),

Bhubaneswar.

Besides, the PSU had organized

one international exposure visit

to Philipines on sloping

agriculture land technology

(SALT) with a special focus on

stabilization of shifting

cultivation. The Programme Director along with three other staff from PSU and ITDA visited

Philippines and in association with ICRAF understand the concept as well as practices to replicate

it in the programme areas of OTELP. After their return, the FNGO Representatives of Phase I

programme areas were also oriented by them at PSU.

3.3.2 Skill Development Training for Rural and Landless Youth in OTELP, Orissa, India

The Orissa Tribal Empowerment & Livelihoods Programme (OTELP) works with 56,180

households having a population of 255,660 .. More than 95% of these families are schedule tribes

and schedule caste and 80% of them live below poverty line. About 40% of the population are youth

(age group between 15 to 35 years) who are either employed in the agriculture during the season or

works as casual labour in the unorganised sector locally. Non availability of skill and relevant

information on employment makes this productive age group unemployed or underemployed. With

subsistence income from agriculture from their degraded land and marginal farming, produces from

forest and occasional income from wage engagement are the means of living for most of these

Training Module Developed by PSU

1 Land and Water Management Manual (English and Oriya)

2 Agriculture

3 Horticulture (Part I and II)

4 Livestock

5 Gender Mainstreaming (Flip Chart and Calendar)

6 SHG Record Keeping (English & Oriya)

7 Micro Level Planning (Preparation of VDLP)

8 Learning Experience from Agriculture and Horticulture Development

9 Financial Management

10 Collective Marketing (Book and Flip Chart)

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families. As much as 28% of these families don’t own a piece of land, either for homestead or for

agriculture. The government defines landless as a family without having one standard acre of

agriculture land. In recent years, some

of these families have been settled in

forest land (which they were cultivating)

under the Forest Rights Act 2006.

The programme has a sub component

of skill up-gradation of the primary

stakeholders, particularly targeting the

youth (15-35 years) to create human

resource for the future. Advance

agricultural trainings have been provided

in order to attract the youth in farming

and to demonstrate that farming could

be profitable. As everywhere else, the rural youth from Orissa, particularly those who come out of

high schools are no longer attracted to farming.

The strategy has been further concentrated for the youths from the landless families to provide them

skill development trainings on various trades like Masonry, Bamboo Craft Making, Plumbing,

Welding, Carpentry, Candle Making, Tailoring etc. Many of these youths are now gainfully self-

employed locally and in some nearby townships. The details of the training programmes conducted

for the rural youth and landless youth are given in the following table (2006-2010). During the

coming years, OTELP is also planning to introduce training in driving, motor & 2-wheelers

repairing for boys and food processing for girls. Suitable institutes are being identified for this

purpose.

Tribal Youths participated in the National Youth Festival during January, 2010

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3.3.3 No of total rural youth and landless youth trained by OTELP over the period 2006-2010 in various skill development activities

No. of total rural youth given training

No. of Landless youth given training

Sl No Trade

Men Women Men Women

1 Advanced Commercial Agriculture 1744 955 0 0

2 Grafting and Nursery Management 1825 983 584 315

3 Livestock Para-vet Support Services 306 73 306 73

4 Barefoot Engineering for Land & Water Management

403 149 101 37

5 Livestock based farm models 809 1296 453 726

6 Micro Enterprise/ Business Development

1269 1691 444 998

7 Masonry 458 180 229 90

8 Seed Production and Storage 40 29 0 0

9 Vermi Compost 232 160 0 0

10 Hill Broom Binding 22 62 6 16

11 Mushroom Cultivation 75 182 0 0

12 NTFP Processing and Value Addition 269 869 54 435

13 Bee Keeping 239 454 143 272

14 Bamboo Craft 75 56 75 56

15 Construction of Smokeless Stove 40 141 40 141

16 Tailoring 0 42 0 42

17 Solar Light Assembling & repairing 0 26 0 26

18 Candle Making 0 40 0 40

19 Leaf Plate Making 38 376 38 376

20 Welding 10 0 10 0

21 Carpentry 36 0 36 0

22 Plumbing 55 0 55 0

TOTAL 7945 7764 2574 3643

3.3.4 The initiatives taken up under the TA facility of DFID are as below.

Theme Head Agency Progress

Capacity Building Stragety

Independent Consultant “Sound Steps”: CB Strategy prepared and published

“Women’s place is everywhere”: Gender Strategy prepared

Gender Guideline for OTELP developed

Gender Mainstreaming

Independent Consultant, PRIA, New Delhi

State level training programme conducted covering all project staff at ITDA and

Page | 19

PSU

District level sensitization training organized for staff of FNGO 161 (7 from each FNGO area) Trainers promoted

IEC on Gender prepared and used

ESSN Management Financial Management support to FNGO and Community Organizations

Chand & Co Pvt. Ltd 23 Financial Support Assistants positioned

Finance Management

Continuous CB inputs through FSAs

Preparation and Publication of IEC materials

One News Letter in English and Oriya

Communication & Documentation

New Concept Pvt. Ltd

Communication strategy implementation

Revision of OTELP Log Frame

SAMBODHI Logframe revised in two consultative workshop at PSU involving PSU, ITDA and FNGOs.

Module and Communication material prepared on Book keeping and account

Module and Communication material prepared on SHG promotion and

Entrepreneurship development.

Rural Financial Services

ACCESS SERVICE

ToT on above modules completed.

Preparation of the Exit (Sustainability) Strategy completed

Presentation of findings at the State level workshop

Study on Exit Strategy WASSAN, Hyderabad

Under implementation in Phase I areas

Study completed and report published Study on Impact Assessment

SAMBODHI

Shared to all the stakeholders

MLP Training OPSL, Bhubaneswar Training to the WDT of Phase II FNGOs for preparation of VDLP completed.

Training on Communication & Convergence

ANNESWANA Training programme for WDT and ITDA level programme staff have been completed.

Printing of Booklet on Experience on Agriculture/ Horti Interventions

Completed

Page | 20

Printing of SHG Register & individual Pass Book Completed

Translation of Strategy Documents and other publications

Completed

Visit to tribal member from programme villages to attend a International Seminar in New Delhi

Completed

Exposure Visit to WoTR

WOTR Exposure visit organized for programme staff and FNGO staff

Printing of Manual under Land & Water Management

OPSL Completed

Study on FRA

SCSTRTI

Study assigned to SCSTRTI, BBSR .Study completed and report published

Up-scaling up Solar Lighting initiatives and Carbon Marketing

CTRAN

Completed

Training on Database Management Software Application

NIIT

Completed

Printing of MPR Formats, Registers etc. Completed and distributed to VDCs

Flip Book/ Flip Chart/ Posters on Collective Marketing

Completed and being used in field by FNGOs

Video on Collective Marketing Completed

Compendium of various rural development programmes published by WORLP

Procured and distributed to all ITDAs and FNGOs

Study on distribution of homestead land through Vasundhara and development of micro plot based livelihoods

Completed and report published. Upscaling under implementation

Quality assessment of Land & Water Management Structures

Completed and report published.

Page | 21

3.3.5 RNGO Support

3.3.5.1 MART & RABO bank collaboration for ABC

The programme was associated with MART for piloting and up-scaling of the Collective Marketing

initiatives under the Phase I and II operation of the programme. During the piloting of the initiative,

58 villages in 4 blocks of Phase I districts were initiated to test the collective marketing model with

SHGs promoted by the programme. Based on the learning from this pilot implementation for one

year, the imitative was up-scaled to all the 10 blocks of Phase I area covering 390 villages. Village

level marketing cadres were promoted during the period to establish marketing and negotiation skill

with these village youths. They were trained and exposed to various tricks of the trade, weight and

measure for purchase and sale, negotiation with traders etc were conducted as a capacity building

initiatives. Financing through Rural Financial Services were ensured to meet the working capital

requirement of the SHGs to institutionalize the initiatives. An effort of three years of focused

intervention has resulted in a turnover of more than Rs.30.00 crores of business in the programme

area. The processes, best practices, issues etc. were documented and up-scaled into other Phase II

programme areas. Presently, both in Phase I and II programme areas collective marketing is

prevailing and being triggered through these village level resource persons called marketing cadres.

Subsequently, to promote the initiative into a larger arena, the programme promoted private sector

investment into the collective marketing approach in the programme areas. MART took the

initiative and in collaboration with RABO bank agreed to support the apex marketing institution

created by the programme namely Adivasi Bazar Committee (ABC) in Tumudibandha block of

Kandhamal district. As part of the collaboration, the RABO bank has agreed to render financial

support in positioning skilled manpower in capacitating the various stakeholders associated in

promotion of this institution through MART. Besides, they will also support in improvisation and

creation of certaion needful infrastructure i.e. drying or threshing yard, low cost storage structures

and weighing systems etc. and to implement various market led interventions in the operational area.

Besides, MART as implementing partner will facilitate these processes in field. This is collaboration

for a period of two years.

MART has already deployed staff to field as part of the collaboration. They have also been trained

and initial discussion with the local FNGO PRDATA, OTELP district as well as state team has been

completed. Discussions with communities have been completed and products from forest and

Page | 22

agriculture have been selected in consultation with them. A detailed capacity building plan has been

prepared with the ITDA, Balliguda to further strengthen the initiatives. A detail progress made

under this collaboration is submitted separately.

3.3.5.2 OPSL: Special Agriculture Drive for up-scaling successful interventions in the

Consolidation Phase of Phase I areas

The project cycle of 7 years will be completed by 31st December,2011 in Phase I area of OTELP. At

present these areas are in consolidiation phase. RNGO, WASSAN, Hyderabad has recommended in

the exit strategy document that an RNGO be taken in for facilitating the special agriculture drive

for improving sustainability of interventions and benefit flows under OTELP. The Joint Review

Mission, 2009 have also recommended that System of Rice Intensification(SRI), System of Millet

Intensification (SMI) and Low External Input for Sustainable Agriculture (LEISA) be implemented

as a campaign mode (by June,2010). Accordingly a MoU between OTELP and OPSL has been

signed for upscaling strategy for Agriculture and horticulture development. As per agreement, the

association is from 15th Sep,2010 to 14th Set,2011.The consultants of OPSL will facilitate the

assignment as per agreement through the support of FNGOs, ITDAs and PSU in two cropping

season s ( Rabi,2010-11 and Kharif,2011).

The following interventions that have become successful during the first phase districts are to be up

scaled in cluster approach.

• Rain water management in up-land.

• Crop diversification.

• Integrated nutrient management.

• Integrated pest management.

• Organic faring of vegetables, fruits and spices with special emphasis on dry land horticulture.

• Conservation agriculture.

• Shifting cultivation stabilization

• Nutrition gardening.

• Seed production under seed village programme.

• Production and supply of planting materials.

• Low cost technology for land and water management.

• Use of low cost implements for drudgery reduction.

• Preservation and multiplication of indigenous varieties of millets, pulses including perennial pegionpea and oil seed crops.

Page | 23

3.3.5.3 RDI

The PSU has signed MoU with RDI, an international NGO with registered office in India , for

allocation of land to landless to ensure it as a focused intervention under the programme. This has

been designed based on the two studies undertaken during 2009-10 with the support from DFID

TA. These studies reveal that nearly 41% of the families in 43 villages of 20 GPs of Phase I districts

were not having rightful ownership to the land on which they are residing. To tackle this problem,

the detailed collaborative plan with RDI has been prepared and MoU signed to cover all the 30

blocks of OTELP operational area. The aim of this collaboration is to ensure that no landless family

will be there in OTELP operational area by 2012. It is a collaboration without any financial

implication to the project. Both the parties will use their own resources and OTELP will meet the

investments meant for the capacity building of the community resource persons and specialized

human resources for execution of the MoU. The SLPMC on its 13th meeting held on 21.09.2010 has

approved the collaboration.

3.3.5.4 DBI

The previous JRM in 2009 recommended replacing irrigation through earthen/ masonry canals to

pipe water irrigation, which will be low cost and durable. To institutionalize this process, the PSU

has conducted various training programmes for the ITDA and FNGO staff to understand the

concept, advantages over traditional irrigation system and sustainability. For technical support and

handholding to the programme staff as well as the beneficiaries, the PSU has signed MoU with the

Diversion Based Irrigation (DBI) Secretariat of M/s Harsh Trust, Bhubaneswar for a period of six

months. As part of the MoU the DBI Coordinator, will provide the following services:

a. Identification of sites

b. Capacity building of local volunteers on DBI survey, design and implementation

c. Validation of design and estimates prepared by concerned WDT, Engineer.

d. Clarification of doubts if any from WDT member or volunteer.

As part of the MoU the PSU will provide the logistics support for the field visit of the coordinator,

minimal professional fees and cost of capacity building programmes. It is expected to construct at

least 30 DBI structures (at least one in each programme block) during the period of association as

Page | 24

pilots for upscalling in other areas. Based on the performance and need of the communities, the

MoU will be extended.

3.4 Gender Mainstreaming

Based on the recommendation of previous Joint Review Mission, PSU with support from DFID TA

engaged an agency to support in mainstreaming the Gender issues in OTELP. Based on the above

requirement the Procurement Support Team (PST) of DFID TA, engaged PRIA, a Delhi based

agency having regional office in Bhubaneswar during July, 2009. The agency positioned one state

consultant and four district consultants in each of the Phase I districts. In consultation with the

PSU, ITDA and FNGOs of both Phase I and II districts, a detail step wise guideline on Gender

Mainstreaming was worked out jointly based on the gender guideline prepared during 2008. Later,

through a series of consultative interaction, a non-negotiable guideline on Gender for OTELP

developed. (copy provided separately). The salient features of the guideline are to promote women

empowerment through a equity basis, which ensure at least 50% women representation in different

committees, equal wage, definite budget allocation on empowerment related issues. Adequate efforts

would be taken up to address the issues relating drudgery, violation against women, literacy and

rights etc. Accordingly, sensitization workshop has been organised on Gender Mainstreaming for

the SMSs, ITDA and WDTs with the facilitation support of Consultant, PRIA, New Delhi and

Bhubaneswar. Training of trainers for the block level resource persons i.e. at least 7 persons from

each FNGO area of Phase I districts, were conducted. Besides, communication material on gender

issues were developed and is being used in the programme villages for ensuring better

mainstreaming of gender issues.

Page | 25

4. Livelihoods Enhancement

4.1 Land & Water Management

The livelihood enhancement component of the programme addresses issues on poverty reduction,

alternative livelihoods as the way to help and encourage people dependent on natural resources.

Understanding how and why rural people change their income generating activities is the key to

developing effective strategies to support the targeted beneficiaries. However, the strategies adopted

are understood by the beneficiaries and they assist the process with the objective of ensuring

sustainability. The factors to be taken care of are too complex, ranging from the relative low

productivity of the local area, to levels of risk, security and education, as well as the nature of local

production, markets and demand. Systematic approaches to identify and promote alternative

incomes has commenced. It is important that these approaches recognize that change in rural

livelihoods is not so much a periodic phenomenon but an ongoing process. It is clear that both

general development programmes and targeted support for the poor can pave the way for the poor

to help themselves get out of poverty.

The livelihood basket of the poor is partly filled in by wage income, subsistence agriculture and

forest. Thus effort has been made during the year to invest upon these resources which not only

provide immediate wage employment but also improve these resources resulting in improved

income in the long run along with ecological balance. With a food security of about 4 to 6 months

per year, it is an ongoing effort to provide income in terms of cash and food grain resulting in

improved availability of food and purchasing power.

Highest investment has been made in this sub-component for development of land & water

resources within the micro watershed. This sub-component aims to increase rainwater use efficiency,

reduce run off and soil loss and increase water availability through improved surface and ground

water development & management.

The various activities under the sub-component includes mechanical structures like land

development (bonding, land leveling, terracing, trenches, etc.) and creation of water harvesting &

recharging structures (check dam, diversion wire with field channel, farm pond, percolation tank

etc.). These structures have been supported by biological measures like growing of cover crops,

mixed cropping, inter-cropping, mixed plantation etc.

Page | 26

4.1.1 Conservation of shifting cultivation patch

Shifting cultivation in the hill slopes of the programme area is abundant. Tribal people with marginal

land holding depend upon this for cultivating food crops particularly minor millets to meet their

food requirements. Continuous practice since generations, degraded these lands and also affects

lands at lower catchment. Increase in population has also reducing the podu cycle to three to five

years causing further degradation of these lands and also reduce the productivity of the crops

cultivated. During the programme intervention, various mechanical measures like Stone Bunds,

staggered trenches, continuous trenches and water absorption trench are created to reduce the run

off velocity and soil loss from those patches. The details of the above activities for pre and post

Phase I MTR are presented in the table below.

Pre Phase I Post Phase I SL ACTIVITY

Rmt. in ha. Rmt. in ha.

1 Mechanical Filter Strip/ Stone

Bunding

33132 83 1164718 2912

2 Trench (CCT/ SCT) 87563 146 182282 304

3 Water Absorbtion Trench 9863 49 13013 65

130558 278 1360013 3281

Damaging effect in lower catchment Conservation of shifting cultivation patches

through stone bunds

Page | 27

4.1.2 Drainage line treatment

The physiography of the programme villages is hilly and undulating. Instant runoff during rain

passes through numerous first and second order streams causing severe erosion of the stream beds.

These erode sand, stone, pebbles etc. damaging low laying fields. Hectares of paddy cultivated

during kharif (Rainy) season are affected due to sand casting caused by flash floods. This not only

damages the crop for the season but also the farmer losses his/ her family labour to reclaim the

land, where women from the family suffers most. These low lands over the stream bed are about 10-

12% of the total cultivable land, which are most productive in nature. The tribal families mainly

depend upon this land to grow paddy for meeting their food requirement.

Sl.

No.

INTERVENTIONS UNIT Pre MTR

1

Post MTR

1

1 Retaining Wall/ Guard Wall - Dry Rmt 15 893

2 Retaining Wall/ Guard Wall - Masonary Rmt 642 6799

3 Gully Control Structure (Earthen Gully

Plug/ LBS/ LBCD)

No 9253 36123

4 Masonry Drop Structure/ Masonry

Gully Plugging

No 0 52

5 Nalla Bank Stabilisation/ Steram Bank

Erosion Control

Rmt 125 9

6 Brush Wood Check Dam No 0 3142

7 Waterway No 42 79

The programme adopted interventions to treat these first and second order streams through various

activities like Retaining Wall/ Guard Wall, Gully Control Structures, Brush Wood Check Dam etc.

in series, to minimise the crop damage at the lower patches. These treatments across these streams,

retain sand, stone, pebbles, silts etc. flowing from the podu areas and deposit in the gully beds. This

effort stabilises gullies, increase the base flow and flow duration. At the same time, new lands are

created across the stream bed and sustains vegetative growth. The paddy crops cultivated in the

lower patches are saved and also get water during moisture stress conditions during rainy season.

Page | 28

Gully Control measure ensures vegetative growth A farmer plucking from a fruit tree grown

in stabilized gully

4.1.3 Development of cultivable land

About 60% of the cultivable lands in the programme area are high land and 20% are medium land.

Tribal people cultivate Paddy, Niger, Millets, Maize, Mustard etc. in these lands. The productivity of

these lands are poor as most of these lands are unbunded. The farmers cultivate in these lands with a

high risk due to erratic rainfall, soil loss, nutrient deficiencies, lack of irrigation etc., resulting in poor

crop husbandry by them. The farmers get about 25-30% of their income from these lands, which are

more than 80% of the total cultivated land in OTELP villages. Besides, crops grown in these patches

are cash crops and also content nutritional values, it is important to treat these lands to increase its

productivity.

The programme has

facilitated the farmers

to construct bunds,

terraces, levelling of

these lands to retain

fertile top soil and

moisture. The farmers

are also facilitated to

grow some crops over

Sl.

No.

INTERVENTIONS UNIT Pre

MTR 1

Post

MTR 1

1 Earthen Bund/ Filed Bund/

Contour Bond

Rmt 420962 1636942

2 Terracing – Earthen Ha 1 48

3 Terracing – Stone Ha 593 0

4 Land Leveling Ha 2 468

5 Miscellaneous items/ well platform,

Compost pits etc.

No 1051 37

Page | 29

the bund to stabilise these and in return get some income. Now farmers are also facilitated to

produce compost and use it as fertiliser in these lands to increase productivity. The details of the

interventions made for development of these lands are given in the table.

4.1.4 Water Resources Development

All the medium and high land in the

programme areas are non-irrigated and solely

depend upon the rainfall for cultivation. There

are number of perennial streams available in

these locations and also the area receives

annual rainfall of 1400 mm or more. However,

the rainfall is highly erratic and the number of

rainy days per year is

decreasing gradually.

This is resulting in

uncertainty of crop

production and yield.

To mitigate the

situation, rain water

conservation and

utilisation of water

from perennial streams

during stress period

with prolonged dry

spell in kharif has been

adopted as a strategy by

the programme. As part

of this strategy various

types of water bodies

are created along with

irrigation structures. Water bodies are to provide protective irrigation during kharif. The irrigations

structures such as diversion wires, check dam, canal etc. are constructed/ renovated to ensure

Sl. No.

Activity Unit Pre MTR 1

Post MTR 1

1 Percolation Tank/ Sunken Pond No 34 8

2 Farm Pond No 19 159

3 Water Harvesting Structure (WHS)/ Irrigation Tank

No 92 214

4 Diversion Weir No 15 96

5 Check Dam No 32 261

6 Field Canal/ Earthen Canal Rmt 3651 41831

7 Masonry Canal Rmt 10806 58285

8 Well (Dug/ Shallow/ Open) No 7 53

9 River lift irrigation project No 0 2

10 Gravity Flow Irrigation Structure No 18 21

11 5% Corner Pit No 0 498

12 Chuan/ Water hole No 4 89

13 Repair of Check Dam No 1 5

14 Repair of Irrigation Tank/ WHS/ Well No 17 42

16 Renovation of canal/ extension of canal

Rmt 0 20220

17 Renovation of diversion weir No. 6 15

18 Gravity Fed piped water supply (irrigation& domestic use)

No 0 30

Water Harvesting Structure

Page | 30

protective irrigation during kharif and also support post rain crops cultivated by farmers. These

interventions are resulted in increase in cropping intensity and volume of production. There are

evidences of crop diversification and improved cropping practices due to additional irrigation

facility.

4.1.5 Biological Measures

Each mechanical structure created through land & water management component are supported by

biological measures during the initial year of creation to ensure structure stability and sustainability.

This also increases the effectiveness of the mechanical structures along with additional income to

the farmers. Cover crops, improved cropping practices, plantation of pineapple, legumes, mango etc.

have been promoted to ensure bund stability and additional income. Promotion of horticulture

species in degraded lands have also been promoted to reduce the soil erosion on these lands

supported with stone bunds, trench etc. and to provide the livelihoods to the poorest of the poor

families. Besides, mixed tree plantations have been taken up in the shifting cultivation lands.

4.1.6 Outcomes and Impacts: Land & Water Management

a. Conversion of Non Arable

land to Arable Land: Nearly

4179 ha of non arable land

have been converted to arable

land, benefiting 7427

Sl. No. Activity Unit Pre MTR 1

Post MTR 1

1 Cover Crop (Pulses/ Oil Seeds/ Vegetables/ Tuber Crops/ Green Manuering/ Fodder)

Ha 110 1441

2 Avenue plantation Km 0 28

3 Bund/ Contour Plantation Rmt 0 471600

4 Plantation of Horticulture Species- Area

Ha 969 1416

5 Mixed Plantation- Area

Ha 300 2041

6 Bamboo Plantation- Area

Ha 0 221

Particulars Pre MTR I Post MTR I

Non Arable to Arable (in Ha)

1669 2510

Households Benefited 1018 6409

(Source: Project MIS, 2010)

Page | 31

households. These lands have been brought under improved cultivation by these farmers

after the development . These are mostly medium and high lands. In these additional

cultivable areas, farmers are growing maize, niger, paddy, millets etc. and their income has

increased. The pre and post MTR I situation is presented in the adjoining table.

a. Additional Irrigation Support: Through

creation of various water bodies and irrigation

canals additional area are brought under

cultivation along with providing protective

irrigation as per the requirement during the

kharif season. It is observed from the

adjoining table that a total of 11425 ha. of

irrigation potential have been created in the

programme areas. Out of the above area,

during dry spells of kharif season, beneficiary

farmers utilised 40 % of the total potential.

However, in rabi season, about 34 % of the

total potentials are used for cultivating second

crop. It is to note here that, during the rabi

season, the potential of 11425 ha reduces

about 50%. Therefore, the potential used during rabi season is 68%.

About 13744 families have been benefited out these additional irrigations by saving their

crop during kharif and also

taking second crop during

rabi. The distribution of the

additional area irrigatged and

familes benefited are presented

in the adjoining table.

b. Increased water availability: The scarcity of water during the dry spells of kharif and after

kharif was affecting the agriculture cropping in the programme areas particularly in high

lands. This also impacts the domestic need of the people for drinking, bathing and other

Cum. Additional Area cultivated (in Ha.)

Year Cum. Area

Irrigated (in Ha.) Kharif Rabi

2005-06 464 25 2

2006-07 2126 768 272

2007-08 6308 1639 1350

2008-09 9746 3306 2621

2009-10 11425 4592 3826

Particulars Pre MTR I Post MTR I

Additional Area Irrigated (in Ha.)

2443 8982

Households benefited due to additional irrigation

2447 11297

Page | 32

purposes. Programme through its interventions of stone bund, gully control structures,

trenches, land development activities etc. helps in reducing the run off velocity of surface

water and provides more opportunity time for infiltration. As a result, there are evidences of

increase in ground water table, increase in stream flow and increase in flow duration of the

streams in different micro watersheds areas.

The programme has taken up studies in selected micro watershed

adopting local methods (measuring the water depth in open wells) and eye estimate (as

experienced by communities) for calculating above parameters. It has experienced that there

are about 1 meter of increase of water tables in open wells after five years of implementation

in the Phase I programme area. Similarly, the stream flow has been increased by two to

three months per year. There are evidences from programme area of Kalahandi district that

there are seasonal streams becoming perennial ,ensuring increased water availability.

Series of Gully Control structures created across streams. Evidence of seasonal streams becoming perennial (corner photo)

Staggered trenches increases moisture availability for orchards created to support poorest of the poor families

c. Convergence with MGNREGA

• ITDA Balliguda:

o Different mechanical structures (Staggered contour trenches, loose boulder

structures etc) have been done in 34 villages of Tumudibandh block during Khariff

2010 through the convergence of MNREGA. Rs. 6.62 lakh has been spent and 7355

man days have been created.

Page | 33

• ITDA Koraput:

o Sanction of Rs. 55.23 lakh has been made for treatment of lands in 238 ha covering

214 beneficiaries in 3 blocks of Koraput during Khariff 2010. Work is under

progress. So far expenditure of Rs. 75,000/- has already been made.

• ITDA Paralakhemundi:

o Work on land development (terracing, renovation of tank etc) are continuing in all

the programme areas of 6 FNGOs in Gajapati district during current financial area.

So far Rs18 lakh has been spent and 14,016 mandays created.

4.2 Participatory Forest Management

Forest is an important resource for the poor tribals. They earn income from it by collecting the

NTFPs and other roots, herbs, shrubs etc and also for supplementing the food basket. The

programme has facilitated the villagers residing near by the forests to organize them into Vana

Sangrakhyana Samiti (VSS) to

implement the Participatory

Forest Management activities. In

association with the State Forest

& Environment Department,

OTELP field functionaries have

organized VSS and facilitated the

forest dwellers in preparation of

the forest micro plan. The VSS as

a part of the VDC received

funds from the VDC and

implement the forest

development activities in their

adjoining forest for about 80 ha

besides protecting 120 ha of

forests, thus accounting for a

total of 200ha of forest area. The

initial investments under the

Particulars

No. of VSS formed 430

Proposed Forest Area protected 42960 ha

Forest area for effective treatment 18231 ha

Forest area protected for natural regeneration 24729 Ha

No. of Forest Development Micro Plans prepared

226

No. of forest development micro plan approved

211

New Plantation During 2009-10 1403 Ha.

No. of species planted in the new plantation areas during 2009-10

17.25 Lakhs

No. of species gap filled in old plantation areas during 2009-10

1.54 Lakhs

No. of nurseries made during 2009-10 82

VSS Members Trained 333

Average Income from NTFP per household Rs.1100/- to Rs. 2500/-

Average person days engagement per household per year.

50 days

(Source: Project MIS, 2010)

Page | 34

component have been made by taking up gap filling plantation in degraded forest patches. The

SHGs have been mobilized to take up the nurseries to support the VSS in providing the seedlings of

forest species for plantation and inturn earn income out of the same.. The Details of the progress

made under the complement is presented in the adjoining table.

4.3 Production System Enhancement

4.3.1 Agriculture and Horticulture Development

Agriculture is the way of life for all tribal people. It provides food, fodder and employment. Since

most of the tribal people live in a forest eco-system, focus was given for diversification of agriculture

and intensification of crop with adoption of technology, and natural resource management to

enhance their food production. Dry land crop production technology, organic farming, sustainable

agriculture practices are the thrust areas for agriculture and horticulture production. Due to adoption

of better technology, yield improvement in most of the crops was up to 10 to 20 per cent.

4.3.1.1 Cropping Strategy

• Crop Diversification: Demonstration programme on crop diversification from paddy to non

paddy crops in high lands in 492 Ha have been conducted. Based on the demonstration

programmes of previous years on Diversification of Cropping Programme (DCP), 2872 ha

upland paddy area has been diverted to non paddy crops (Pulses, Oilseeds, Vegetables,

Spices) by 5342 farmers as this crops require less water and can perform better in drought

situation as compared to paddy.

• Inter cropping: Upland rice is subjected to

partially or complete failure in rainfed areas in

drought years. Promotion of intercropping

systems like peagon pea + ragi (2:4), maize +

cowpea (2:2), yam + maize (1:2), maize +

runner bin (2:2) and pigeon pea + rice (2:5)

have been demonstrated in an area of 65 ha

for giving higher income as compared to pure

Women farmer with her field crops

Page | 35

crop of rice in aberrant weather. Besides, inclusion of pulses fixes atmospheric nitrogen and

improves soil health. Based on the demonstration programmes conducted during the

previous years, 293 ha of area covering 942 farmers have been up scaled.

• Sequential Cropping under rain fed eco system (2009-10): Relay cropping was an old method to

reduce the total length of two crops grown in succession. Field pea and black gram are

taken as an under sown crop in standing rice fields before fifteen to thirty days of

harvesting, when the soil is muddy. The under sown crop in rain fed eco system grows freely

after harvest of rice crop and gives a good yield within a very short period. Besides, field pea,

black gram, mustard, chik pea are grown after harvest of short duration kharif paddy/ maize

in rainfed situation. The programme has promoted double cropping in rain fed eco system in

an area of 50 ha under demonstration programme. Based on the demonstrations made

during previous years 499 farmers have adopted the technology covering an area of 142 ha in

all Phase I programme districts.

• Sequential Cropping under irrigated eco system (2009-10): Under irrigated eco system two crop

patterns like maize-potato/ maize/ vegetables/ mustard/ black gram, paddy-paddy/sun

flower/ vegetables/ mustard/ black gram/ chik pea, monsoon potato-vegetables are taken

up by the farmers. Besides, three crops pattern like paddy-vegetable-vegetable and vegetable-

vegetable-vegetable are found to be promising in assured irrigated areas. 2489 farmers have

taken up this two crop/ three crop pattern in an area of 1332 ha.

• Introduction of New crops/ improved varieties: New crops and improved varieties of Paddy

(Khandagiri, Lalat, Naveen, MTU 1010, Surendra), Maize (Navjot), Sourgum (SPV

422/ICSV574, ICSV745,ICSV93046 ,NTJ 2), Ragi (Bhairabi, GPU-48, INDAF-9, GPU 26),

Pigeon Pea (Asha, Kamica, Laxmi), Chick pea (JGK 1, JG 11, ICCC 37), Black gram (Ujala,

TU94-2), Ground nut (Devi), Niger (GA-10), Turmeric (Roma, Surama), Ginger (Suprava,

Suruchi), Yam (Orissa Elite), Elephant Foot Yam (Gajendra), Sweet Patato (Kissan), Brinjal

(Blue Star), Monsoon Patato (Kufri Chandramukhi), Off season caurliflower (Pusa early,

Pusa deepali), Off season cabbage (Konark, Deepa), Runner bean (Pottangi local, Udayagiri

local), Radish (Pusa Chetki), Tamato (Utkal Pallavi, Utkal Dipti), Okra (Utkal Gourav), Chill

(Utkal Abha), Pine apple (Queen) Off Season Vegetable, and Black gram have been

introduced in 62 Ha covering 568 farmers for increase of productivity and income for the

tribal farmers.

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4.3.1.2 Seed Production

Farmers have realized that productivity of different crops increase significantly due to use of quality

seeds. But it is almost impossible for the organized seed sector (Govt & Private) to meet the

demand of the farmers. It becomes difficult for supply of quality seeds to most of the programme

areas due to inaccessibility. Attempts have been made for production of seeds informally and link to

village seed bank through women SHG. The preferred veracities of paddy, ground nut, pigeon pea,

ragi and chick pea have been multiplied under this programme. This has helped the farmers to

partially meet the requirement of seeds in the programme area. Informal seed production

programme has been taken in an area of 308 ha covering about 366 selected farmers. Formal seed

production with paddy and ground nut has been taken up in an area of 40 Ha during Kharif 2010.

This has been covered in association with ICRISAT and Orissa State Seeds Corporation.

4.3.1.3 Practice of low monetary input system

Off season tillage/ summer ploughing (ploughing during May),timely land preparation before the

onset of monsoon, early sowing (sowing of seeds on the onset of monsoon), growing of high

yielding varieties with shorter duration in different crops (paddy, ragi, black gram, pigeon pea,

ground nut, sunflower etc.), maintaining optimum plant population per unit area (demonstrating in

the inter cropping systems), application of organic manure (FYM/compost) before sowing in

appropriate quantity, use of neem seed extract solution against pest control, preparation of pot

manure (cow urine + cow dung + jiggery + chopped leaves of neem, arakha and karanja) for

providing nitrogen and repelling action against insects and micro organisms to the crops are low

cost technologies and have no environmental hazard, thus accepted by the farmers.

3953 farmers have done seed replacement by growing certified seeds (paddy, ragi, arhar) in an area

of 595 ha, seed treatment in an area of 506 ha, use of bio fertilizer in an area of 1320 ha, use of

neem seed extract in an area of 424 ha, green mannuering by dhanicha to increase soil fertility in an

area of 247 ha. 131 vermi compost units have also been made by the farmers during the year.

Applications of gypsum before sowing of groundnut in 56 ha have also been promoted.

Besides, summer ploughing in an area of 1286 ha, ploughing across the slope in an area of 1710 ha,

line sowing in an area of 849 ha and mulching in an area of 17 ha have been demonstrated in

different programme areas.

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4.1.3.4 System of Rice Intensification (SRI)

Many farmers in programme areas have felt that SRI method of rice cultivation is superior to

conventional method of rice cultivation. SRI is one of the methods of sustainable agriculture that

reduces agro inputs (seed, fertilizer, pesticides etc.), conserves water, improves soil structure and

improve yield. SRI demonstration has been conducted in 82 ha. On the basis of the experience from

the previous year demonstration programme up scaling of the intervention has been made by 673

farmers in an area of 165 ha. In SRI plots, the effective tillers were almost double. Productivity

increased on an average by 40%. As per the recommendation of the previous JRM, the technology

on SRI cultivation have been validated by Central Rice Research Institute (CRRI), Cuttack and same

has been communicated to all the ITDAs.

4.3.1.5 Millet Development

Ragi (Finger Millet), suan (little millet) and foxtail millet (kangoo) are the major millets grown in

OTELP areas. Thirteen varieties of Ragi were tested by the farmers under participatory variety

selection trials through support of MS Swaminathan Foundation Research Centre. Farmers have

preferred GPU 48, INDAF 9, GPU 26 and VHAIRABI varities of Ragi as these varieties gave 20-

25% higher yield than the local varieties. Now these preferred varieties of ragi are grown as pure

crop in both the seasons as well intercropping system during Kharif. The popular intercropping

system is pigeon pea + ragi (2:4). Capacity building of the farmers have been done for thinning at

15 days of ragi cop and timely intercultural operation at 3week of the millet crops.. 2554 ha of ragi is

grown in Koraput and Gajapati district. During Kharif, 2010 . About 20 % areas have been replaced

by preferred areas specially Bhairabi.

4.3.1.6 Farmer’s Field School (FFS)

1841 farmers have been trained on improved crop management practices in SRI paddy, maize and

ground nut in the field at regular intervals in 100 farmers field schools organized during the previous

two cropping seasons. Each FFS caters the need of the farmers in a particular crop.

4.3.1.7 Growing of Off Season Vegetables

Vegetables including off season vegetables, have been promoted in the programme areas covering

7160 farmers in an area of 1984 ha during Kharif 2010.

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4.3.1.8 Hybrid Maize Cultivation

649 ha of hybrid maize covering 2596 farmers have taken up hybrid maize cultivation during Kharif

2010 under RKVY (Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojna). Financial support on agriculture inputs @

Rs.4000.00 per ha has been provided to all the beneficiaries from RKVY. Besides, extension support

on farmers’ training and exposure visit are provided to the farmers during the cropping season.

4.3.1.9 Association with CTCRI

Scientist of Regional Centre, CTCRI, Bhubaneswar have been associated for capacity development

of the farmers for scientific methods of cultivation of Yam, Elephant Foot Yam, Cassava and Sweet

Patato in programme areas. The scientist of CTCRI are providing continuous technical support to

the programme staff and other primary stake holder for cultivating tuber crops.

4.3.1.10 Association with ICRISAT

Progress during 2009-10 Rabi season :

The total seeds covering 4 varieties of chickpea namely JG 11, ICCC37, JGK- 2 & KAK-2 was

produced under informal seed production programme from an area of 2.9 ha is 3288 kg , out of

which 1973 kg sold/consumed keeping a balance of 1315 kg for multiplication during 2010-11 Rabi

season.18 farmers actively participated in this program.

Similarly informal groundnut seed production for the variety ICGV 91114 was taken up in an area

of 0.8 hectare in Koraput district and 18 quintals seeds were produced. About 50% of the stock will

be utilized for informal seed production purpose during Rainy Season 2008.

The total Groundnut (var ICGV91114) seeds produced from an area of 14.0 ha under informal seed

production programme is 16,623 kg, out of which 12,162 kg seeds have been consumed/sold by the

farmers and rest 4,461 kg have been kept for the use during 2010. Rainy season.

Inter cropping of Asha (ICPL 87119) var of pigeon pea with Ragi / Maize in an area of 4.0 ha

(Pigeon pea + Ragi in 2.0 ha & Pigeon pea+ Maize in 2.0 ha) & Kamica (ICP 7035) var of pigeon

pea with maize in an area 2.0 ha have been taken up by 58 farmers in 35 villages of four programme

districts (Koraput, Gajapati, Kandhamal and Kalahandi) during 2010 rainy season. The inter

cropping system is covered under informal seed production programme, following the concept of

one variety in one village with 500 m of isolation. The pigeon pea crop has been harvested during

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January and February 2010 The average yield of 1025 kg pigeon pea (var Asha) & 702 kg ragi per ha

was obtained in Pigeon pea (var asha) +Ragi inter cropping system Similarly the average yield of

1050 kg pigeon pea (var kamica) & 725 kg ragi per ha was recorded in Pigeon pea (var kamica)

+Ragi inter cropping system. Besides, the average yield of 1035 kg pigeon pea (var asha) & 2600 kg

maize per ha was received in Pigeon pea (var asha) +maize inter cropping system.

Four varieties of chickpea namely JG 11(desi) , ICCC37 (desi ), JGK 2(kabuli) & KAK 2 (kabuli)

were tested in 41 villages covering 107 farmers in 18 blocks in four programme districts under

Farmers Participatory Variety Selection (FPVS) trials . The yield per ha in case of JG 11 var .ranged

from 673-1290kg (average 988 kg) , 865-1550 kg(ave 1031 kg) in case of ICCC37 var, 782-1380 kg

(ave 1004 kg) in case of JGK 2 var and 937-1350 kg (average 1014 kg) in case of KAK 2 var. The

highest yield of 1550 kg per ha in case of ICCC 37 var & 1380 kg per ha in case of JGK 2 were

obtained in Koraput district.

22 numbers of farmers training programme covering 691 beneficiaries (male 386 + female 305) in

ICM, seed production and post harvest technology in legumes were organized in Gajapati,

Kalahandi and Kandhamal programme areas. Similarly, 13 field days covering 565 farmers and farm

women were conducted at the podding stage of the crops in Koraput, Kalahandi and Kandhamal

districts.

65 farm women from 12 SHGs of Gajapati, Kalahandi and Kandhamal districts availed Rs.62, 000/-

as credit for purchase of inputs required for informal seed production of groundnut and chickpea.

Progress during 2010-11 Kharif season:

State Level training programme of the Agriculture officers was conducted from 23-24 April, 2010 in

Programme Support Unit OTELP. Specialize training programme of the Agriculture officers-WDTs

Agriculture and selected Agriculture volunteers of the programme areas was conducted in Orissa

University of Agriculture & Technology, BBSR from 24-26 May, 2010 and 27-29 May, 2010.

292 soil samples from phase II areas of Koraput, Kalahandi, Kandhamal and Gajapati districts were

sent to ICRISAT, Hyderabad during June, 2010 for analysis of both macro and micro nutrients.

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3 varieties of Ground nut namely, Devi, ICGS-44 and ICGS-76 are compared with the promisiong

local var (AK-12-24 / smruti) / 33 farmers in 33 villages of Phase II blocks of Koraput, Kandhamal,

Gajapati and Kalahandi Programme Districts.

Inter cropping of Asha (ICPL 87119) var of pigeon pea with Ragi / Maize in an area of 4.0 ha

(Pigeon pea + Ragi in 2.0 ha & Pigeon pea+ Maize in 2.0 ha) & Kamica (ICP 7035) var of pigeon

pea with maize in an area 2.0 ha have been taken up by 75 farmers in 42 villages in Phase I areas of

four programme districts (Koraput, Gajapati, Kandhamal and Kalahandi) during 2010 rainy season.

The inter cropping system is covered under informal seed production programme, following the

concept of one variety in one village with 500 m of isolation. The pigeon pea crop is now in the

field.

3 varieties of pigeon pea namely Kamika, Asha and Laxmi are compared with local variety by 130

farmers in 101 villages in Phase II areas of four programme districts (Koraput, Gajapati, Kandhamal

and Kalahandi) during 2010 rainy season. The pigeon pea crop is now in the field.

One variety of vegetable type of pigeon pea ICPL - 87051 are being tested by 470 farmers in Phase I

& II blocks (Koraput, Gajapati, Kandhamal and Kalahandi).

Four varieties of Black gram namely Ujala, VBG 69, VBG 55 and VBN 3 (duration 60 to 80 days)

are compared with local variety by 92 farmers in 38 villages of Phase II programme areas (Koraput,

Gajapati, Kandhamal and Kalahandi).

45 farmers have taken up informal seed production of the preferred variety of Black gram (var Ujala)

in an area of 8 ha during August, 2010 in Phase I programme district (Koraput, Gajapati,

Kandhamal and Kalahandi)

202 farmers have taken up informal seed production of the preferred variety of Ground nut (Var

Devi) in an area of 16.55 ha (Gajapati 7.35+andhamal 3.10 + Kalahandi 1.50 + Koraput 4.60)

during June, 2010 in Phase I programme district (Koraput, Gajapati, Kandhamal and Kalahandi)

20 farmers training programme covering 611 beneficiaries in ICM, seed production and post harvest

technology in legumes were organized in the programme areas.

8 ICRISAT varieties and 1 hybrid of Sorghum were tested by 787 farmers in 113 villages of phase I

areas of Koraput, Kalahandi, Kandhamal and Gajapati districts during two Kharif seasons i.e. Kharif

Page | 41

2006 and Kharif 2007 and preferred SPV 422 (80-90 days duration), ICSV 745 (110-115 days) and

ICSV 93046 (120 days) varieties as these varieties gave on an average 40 % higher yield than local

varieties. Besides NTJ 2 (125-130 days 0 was also preferred by the farmers due to excellent fodder

quality and higher yield. As per request of the community 85 kg nucleus seeds of above 4 varieties

were procured from ICRISAT and informal seed production has been taken up in an area of 7.66 ha

(Gajapati 2.86 + Kandhamal 0.40 + Kalahandi 2.0 + Koraput 2,40) by 89 farmers and 7 women

SHGs.

4.3.1.11 Kitchen Garden

The climatic condition in OTELP areas are favorable for off season vegetables specially in the

Programme areas of Koraput, Kalahandi, areas. Vegetable cultivation has worked very well where it

has led a more nutritional food intakes and income from sale of surplus production as per

experience in phase I areas. OTELP had distributed vegetable seed minikits to the households ,as a

result small vegetable vending business run by the women SHGs are now a popular activity. Many

households have been facilitated to utilize their backyards for growing vegetables and planting of

grafted horticultural plants.

On the basis of above experience, it has been decided for establishment of nutritional

garden by planting of at least 5-10 various types of grafted / improved horticultural plants such as

mango, banana, papaya, lemon and drumstick with cultivation of vegetables as per availability of

land in the backyards of each households of Phase I and Phase II programme areas. Planning was

made to cover all the 19,481 households in Phase I areas and 15129 households in phase II

programme areas of Koraput, Kalahandi, Kandhamal and Gajapati districts during Kharif, 2010.

25% of the funds required for purchase of horticultural grafts / seedlings and vegetables seeds have

been arranged by the beneficiaries from revolving funds of SHGs including funds available under

RFS or from their own source. The rest 75% of the required funds are made from OTELP fund.

Besides Micro Irrigation System (MIS) are introduced by installing bucket kit / drum kit in the

nutritional garden through ID India. So far 21268 households (Koraput 6250 + Kandhamal 4661 +

Kalahandi 4500 + Gajapati 5857) have been covered under Kitchen garden during Kharif 2010.

It was decided to promote model kitchen gardens in the premises of all schools under OTELP

areas. Planning was made to include 10-15 horticultural grafts / seedling of different species like

mango, banana, papaya, lemon drumstick in the school kitchen garden. Beside different types of

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vegetable are grown in the kitchen garden. Govt is supplying mid day meal to the students of the

schools. Vegetables and Fruits from the kitchen garden will give nutritional supplementation to the

mid day meal. The funds required for purchase of horticultural grafts / seedlings, vegetables seeds

and MIS (drum kit) are met from OTELP. So far 166 kitchen gardens (Kandhamal 14 + Kalahandi

45 + Gajapati 62 + Koraput 45) have been developed in 166 schools through support of OTELP

during Kharif 2010.

4.3.1.12 Plantation

Horticulture Plantation (Mango, Cashew, and Banana) has been done in an area of 433 ha covering

1299 farmers during kharif 2010. This includes WADI model being implemented in Koraput. Since

inception, details of the plantations are as below:

a. WADI programme in Koraput (Convergence through MGNREGS)

Subject matter specialists of ITDAs of OTELP visited BAIF-WADI programme in Gujrat

during June, 2010 on exposure visit. Basing on the above experience and demand of the

community, WADI programme in OTELP areas of ITDA, Koraput has been taken up

during Kharif, 2010. 493 families in an area of 478 acres (191.2 ha) covering 5 blocks

(Namdpur, Dasmantpur, Pottangi, Semeliguda and Bandhugaon) have taken up WADI

programme. Each farm family has adopted WADI mostly in an area of one acre. Few

farmers have grown in an area of 0.5 acre also. 20 mango grafts, 40 cashew seedlings and 400

forest species have been grown in each acre of area. Baiganpalli, Amrapalli, Dusseri, Alfanso

species of mango, Cassia, Simaruba, Acacia, Subabul and Teak forest species and local

variety of cashew have been planted. WADI programme is implemented under the funding

of MNRGEA, OTELP and farmers contribution. The programme cycle is for 6 years. Rs

10,300/- per acre is provided from MNREGA. Besides OTELP is providing RS. 10,200/-

per acre. The balance requirement will be farmers contribution. The planting has been

completed by end of Aug, 2010.

b. Plantation programme in Malkangiri and Rayagada district through MGNREGS

Plantation in an area of 2663 ha of land (2312 Ha in individual land for cashew plantation

and 351 ha in community land for mixed plantation) has been done in 246 villages of 20 GPs

in three blocks of Malkanagiri district. All the households received land title certificate under

FRA have been covered the programme. 10 Lakhs seedlings of different species (Cashew,

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Teak, other forest species, drum stick and papaya) raised by the communities in 15 nurseries

for above plantation. Besides, 3 Lakhs seedlings have also been supplied by forest

department. 11,19,091 seedlings have been planted in the above plantation. The causality

replacement and weeding have also been done. Rs.183.53 Lakhs has been received by ITDA,

Malkangiri out of total budgetary provision of Rs.686.23 Lakhs for implementation of above

plantation programme. So far5.02 lakhs man days have already been generated. A series of

training programme have also been conducted.

4000 Cashew grafts planted in an area of 20 ha of land which was given to the beneficiaries

under FRA in 2 villages of Munuguda and Bisamcuttack blocks during Khariff 2010 through

the convergence of MNREGA. Rs. 11.68 lakh has been spent and 8200 man days have been

created.

c. Plantation programme through convergence with NHM

Mango, Cashew and Banana plantation have been taken up in an area of 342 ha (Mango: 208

ha, Cashew: 126 ha, Banana: 8 ha) covering 746 beneficiaries in four Phase I districts.

ITDA Area Farmer Koraput 157.30 Ha 383 Kandhamal 44.70 ha 72 Kalahandi 36.00 ha 131 Gajapati 102.00 ha 160

4.3.1.13 SCAMPIS (Scaling up Micro Irrigation System)

The project started since 1st April, 2009 and will continue till 31st March, 2012 (Project period is 3

years). International Development Enterprise, India (IDEI) is the programme executive agency.

They are having office in Orissa and have been working on water lifting technologies under Micro

Irrigation System (MIS) with farmers of Orissa for more than 20 years. Agreement between OTELP

and IDEI was made on 31st March, 2009 ,for implementation of SCAMPIS India Project supported

by IFAD. In the agreement, IDEI is the programme executing agency and OTELP is to provide

cooperation for implementation by IDEI. The project is being piloted in 2 OTELP districts, namely

Koraput and Gajapati

The objectives of the project are

(a) To improve management and increase water availability, with MIS(micro irrigation system), (b) To improve agriculture productivity with MIS and liquid organic fertilizers(a fortigation

system)

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(c) Raise awareness of overall advantages of SCAMIS approach with Government and private sector

Inception workshop was organized in the state headquarters (Bhubaneswar) on 18th Nov, 2009. It

was decided in the workshop that 10,000 households in 265 villages (Koraput 6000 households

in 145 villages + Gajapati 4000 households in 120 villages ) will be covered in 2 pilot districts in the

entire project period of 3 years. Similarly district level inception workshops were conducted in pilot

districts (Koraput and Gajapati) during 1st week of December, 2010.The work started in both the

pilot districts from December, 2009.

Progress upto August, 2010:

1. Awareness and capacity building ; a. Village meeting -: 223 b. Farmers meeting -219 covering 3232 farmers & farm women(male 2193+ female 1039) c. Weekly Hat demonstration -: 38 covering 1569 persons(male 1294+ female 275) d. Village demonstration -210 covering 3605 farmers and farm woen(male 2398=female 1207)

e. Farmers exposure – 31 covering 393 farmers and farm women(male 260 + female 133) f. Short campaign (covering 5-8 villages in a vehicle ) – 36 covering 1877 farmers and farm women (male 1180 = 697 female )

g. CBO meeting – 36 places covering 21 women SHGs and other CBOs (128 males and 426 females totaling 554 were involved)

h. Mela : about 15oo persons visited the stall on water lifting technologies and liquid organic fertilisers in the state level Adivasi exhibition at Bhubaneswar during 26th Jan,2010 to 9th February ,2010

Subsidized sale of water lifting equipments/machineries:

The water lifting equipments/machineries (bucket kit, drum kit, surface treadle pump) are supplied to the farmers at 90% subsidy from the project. IDEI facilitates installation of the equipments in the farmers field through their 26 village level mechanics and district level officers. The achievements are as follows

i. Bucket kit –

20 lit plastic bucket along with in line screen filter,

tank connector, 44 micro tubes emitters. Can

irrigate 44 vegetable plants in an area of 20 square

meter area. The rate of each bucket kit at 90% subsidy is 30 INR) - 2595 kits (Koraput 1394 +

Gajapati 1201)

Women farmer with her bucket kit and standing crop

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Livestock Kit displayed provided to the

Livestock Village Volunteer

ii. Surface treadle Pump –

(This is foot operated for providing water from a depth of 8 meters and connected to 3.7 cm size

flexible suction base pipe. The average water discharge is 4000 liters per hour. Can irrigate one acre

of land. The rate of each Surface treadle Pump at 90 % subsidy is 200 INR) - 1697 pumps (Koraput

782 + Gajapati 915)

iii. Drum kit:

Comprises 200 liters water storage viz drum, barrel, tank etc placed at a height of one meter to allow

water flow by gravity. It has 5-10 rows of lateral pipes 10-20 long. The rate of each drumt kit at 90%

subsidy is 200 INR) – 954 kits

(Koraput 509 + Gajapati 445)

iv. Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF):

This includes vermin wash, Pot manure and magic tonic. – 1176 units (Koraput 695 + Gajapati 481)

at farmer level Agriculture upscaling plan

4.3.2 Livestock and Aquaculture Production

The domestic animal are being treated as a major asset

of the poor for generations. Tribals rear goats, Pigs,

Cattle, Poultry bird etc. in a traditional way. They are

yet to recognise the potential of production and return

from present livestock with the improved management

practices. The scientific developments and improved

technologies have not reached them yet.

The issues with the tribal communities for rearing livestock as a livelihoods model are mortality of

the animals because of different diseases and traditional practices of rearing. The programme has

tried to give focused interventions on village based livestock disease control system and animal

production system improvement. This has done by ensuring immunization of the animal by

conducting series of animal health camps. One village volunteer from each micro watershed have

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been promoted as Livestock Para Workers and equipped

with veterinary kits to extend support to the poor farmers

in saving their domestic animals.

Livestock population in the programme areas has been

going down significantly since last two decades due to lack

of proper disease management as per the feedback

received from the community during preparation of micro plan. For the management of the the

village level disease control system, 341 village veterinary volunteer have been promoted through

training on vaccination procedure, handling of drugs and treatment of common diseases etc.

a. Vaccination: 47440 animals benefiting 15474 households.

b. Castration: 3206 animals benefiting 1599 households.

c. Treatment of wound: 10351 animals benefiting 3317 households.

These village veterinary volunteers are earning an income of Rs.300 to Rs.1000 per month for giving

support to the community in livestock disease management.

4.3.2.1 Rearing of Improved Breed

8225 no. of improved animals of goat, poultry,

cow have been introduced by the projects

through SHGs. 45 bucks and seven bulls have

also been introduced in the programme areas.

The details of the breeds upgraded are

presented in the adjoining table. Further based

on these demonstrations and subsequent

exposure and capacity building on livestock as a livelihoods option, community members/ SHGs are

facilitated to up scale the activity. Accordingly, 147 women SHGs covering 1315 households

(including 1230 landless households) have purchased 5278 goat and sheep availing loan from the

Rural Financial Services. The annual average income of each household is Rs.3365/-. Similarly, 998

members from 164 women SHGs, including 306 landless households, have purchased 5909 poultry

birds availing loan from the Rural Financial Services. The average annual income of each household

from the poultry is Rs. 1185/-

Breed Up gradation of Animals

Number

Poultry Bird 2598

Duck 684

Goat & Sheep 4184

Cow 759

(Source: Project MIS, 2010)

Type of Livestock reared

Goat & Sheep

Poultry Bird

No. of Animals 5278 5909

SHGs Involved 147 164

Members Involved 1315 998

Landless Members Involved

1230 306

Average Income/ member

Rs. 3365/-

Rs. 1185/-

(Source: Project MIS, 2010)

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4.3.2.2 Fodder Development

Fodder cultivation in an area of 88 ha have been promoted in the programme area. The different

fodder crops taken up are stylo, cowpea, berseem, oat, bajra hybrid, subabool.

4.3.2.3 Aquaculture

Potential for fish production is under tapped in the programme areas. In the mean time a number of

new water bodies have been created in the programme villages under Land & Water Management.

Care has been taken to identify potential farm ponds for fish production. The progress under

acquaculture is as follows:

• 111 women SHGs, have taken

up acquaculture in 151 tanks.

• Capacity Building of the 630

SHG members have been made

by resource persons of Govt.

fisheries dept. And KVK. On

an average 2 training

programme per tank has been conducted during the season. 9.21 Lakhs quality fish fry have

been released in the above 151 acquaculture tanks. This programme has also been linked

with RFS.

• In an average the group practicing fishery as a livelihoods option are earning Rs. 4000/- to

Rs. 5000/- per year besides their own consumptions of about 50% of their total harvet.

4.4 Rural Financial Services

About 3821 SHGs have been strengthened, covering 82% of households from the programme

villages under Phase I and II implementation. Special efforts have been made under the programme

to promote the SHGs through regular handholding support from facilitators and the volunteers

strengthened at the community level. Training on Book keeping and maintenance of accounts are

ongoing in a continuous process. Concept of rotational leadership has been appreciated by the

groups and is under practice. Six monthly gradation system is established to assess the strength and

Particulars 2009 2010

Water bodies used for Pisciculture

113 151

Groups involved in Psciculture 113 111

Average income per Group Rs.4955/- Rs.5000/-

(Source: Project MIS, 2010)

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weakness of the SHGs and to provide need based capacity building inputs to bridge the gaps.

Exposure to different programme villages of Phase-I districts are being organized for cross learning.

Bank linkage is improving day by day with due facilitation from FNGO and district level authorities.

Adequate trainings and exposure visits have been organized to facilitate Income Generating

activities among the SHG members. The repayment status to bank and other funding agencies has

been improved. All SHGs have been provided with standard register for maintenance of books and

accounts at their level. Technical support under DFID TA was augmented by hiring M/s Access

Service Limited to streamline the activities under SHG promotion during 2009-10. The major focus

has been made to strengthen the SHG promotional issues along with strengthening the capacities of

SHG members/ SHG volunteer on record keeping and maintenance of accounts.

4.4.1 Coverage of households in

SHG

OTELP promotes holistic

development of tribal communities

based on an inclusive approach.

Each household in the programme

villages are the unit of

development. Formation of group not only promotes solidarity among the members to take up

different social issues it also empowers the women to participate in different developmental work in

a meaningful way.

Accordingly, more than 90% households have been

covered under the SHG fold in Phase I programme

villages and the total average of SHG coverage in all the

districts stands at 82%. Emphasis has been given to

cover the left over households in to SHG fold on

priority in all the programme blocks with more priority

in the Phase-II blocks of all programme districts.

Coverage of vulnerable households in the Phase-I

blocks is more than 90%.

Indicators Coverage % of

coverage

Number of SHGs formed / strengthened

3821 -

Cumulative Number of Households Covered in SHGs

45885 82

(Source: Project MIS, 2010)

Women SHG Members in a Monthly Meeting

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4.4.2 Group Processes & Internal Lending

Regularity of group meeting, internal saving and utilizing the savings to meet the requirement of the

group members through lending mechanism is an important attributes of effective functioning of

any group. Initially, it was observed

that many groups collected savings

from the members regularly but the

amount saved was either deposited in

bank or kept idle on their own cash

box. In view of above, lots of

facilitative inputs are augmented

through exposures, trainings and hand

holding support to improve on the

above parameters. Today the progress

in these sectors, though not very

encouraging but relatively satisfactory.

Overall regularity of meeting has been increased from less than 40% (bench mark) to about 84% at

the group level. Many groups also have started conducting meetings on weekly/ fortnightly basis.

Concept of rotational leadership has been appreciated by the groups. Till date, about 182 SHGs

have rotated their leadership. Besides about 35% SHG started rotation of leadership during weekly/

monthly meeting and the cash box and key is kept with different members on rotation.

The practices of regular savings by these groups are also very encouraging. Till date, total savings

available with the group has reached to Rs. 366.72 Lakhs, with an average of Rs. 9500/-- (approx.)

per group. In spite of strong facilitation, the progress under the internal lending among the SHGs is

not very encouraging. Very few SHGs in the programme villages have considerable satisfactory

internal lending mechanism, but largely it is still an area needing substantial improvement. However,

1886 SHGs have taken loan from the RFS fund available with VDCs. The rate of repayment of

these loans is about 25%. An amount of Rs. 405.97 Lakhs, particularly in the Phase I districts, have

been taken as loan by these SHGs.

Particulars Coverage

No of Groups conducting meeting regularly

3226

No of group following rotational leadership

182

No of Groups undertaking savings regularly

3226

Cumulative Savings Rs. 366.72 Lakhs

Average Savings per SHG Rs. 9597/-

No. of SHGs taking Loan from RFS 1886

% of Members of SHGs taking loan from these groups

49 %

Amount of Loan Taken by these groups from RFS Fund

Rs. 405.97 Lakhs

Per capita loan by SHGs Rs. 21525.00

Amount Repaid by these groups Rs. 103.86 Lakhs

Page | 50

4.4.3 Gradation Details

Gradation of groups is under taken on half yearly basis to evaluate the status of effective functioning

of the groups. Appropriate need based actions are being taken up based on the analysis of gradation

status of each SHG. This also helps the facilitators to monitor

the health of SHGs on individual basis.

The gradation status in the Phase I districts has been improved

remarkably. The NABARD gradation framework was taken up

with little modification to assess the group health on a periodic

basis. M/s PRADAN, the RNGO associated with OTELP in

strengthening SHG movement has developed the gradation framework in consultation with field

officials. The details of the different grades of the SHG assessed during 2009-10 are presented in the

above table.

4.4.4 Linkages with Financial Institutes

Indebtedness to local money lenders is one of the

most common features in the programme villages.

Villagers used to take loan from local money lender

at high rate of interest to meet the expenses for

festivals, marriages, and purchase of food, for

children education, meeting health problems,

attending the last rites and for small income

generating activities. In this regard, adequate facilitation has been made from ITDA and F.NGOs to

establish linkage with banks and other financial institutes and to reduce the role of money lenders.

Necessary safe guards have also been taken to take care of the issue of overfunding to the SHGs

from different financial institutes. While interacting with the bank officials, it is learnt that

repayment status from the programme villages is highly satisfactory.

4.4.5 Federation

Convergence has been established at the state, district and block level with Mission Shakti to

strengthen the SHG federation in the programme villages. Series of training has been organized at

Grade No. of SHG

Grade A 1206

Grade B 968

Grade C 336

Not Graded 1311

Total 3821

Linkage with Banks Rs. In Lakh

No. of SHGs linked with Bank

1666

Cumulative Fund Mobilization

495.54

Fund Mobilization during last year

140.86

(Source: Project MIS, 2010)

Page | 51

the village level by the staff of OTELP and Mission Shakti to promote SHG federation at the GP

level.

The objective of convergence with Mission Shakti is as below:

• The convergence would enable optimal coordination with the field level functionaries of ICDS department for combined efforts in facilitating the functioning of SHG intervention at the community level.

• Support from Mission Shakti Coordinators for sensitizing the groups on the benefit of the federation and in establishing the federation through the ICDS officials.

• Augmenting timely technical inputs and facilitation support for strengthening the federations.

• Ensuring the linkage of SHGs with bank, FFIs and other line department for different entrepreneurship related activities such as PDS, MDM, Grain Bank, Seed Bank etc.

• Augmenting capacity building input supports from Mission Shakti as and when required.

4.4.6 Book Keeping and Accounts Management

Quality Book keeping and Accounts Management has been identified as one of the area of concern

in the programme villages. In view of low level of literacy, the volunteers have been promoted as

book writer. Initiation has been taken to take up training of trainers on book keeping and

maintenance of records, to ensure at least one book writer in each village. Module on the above has

been prepared by ACCESS Development Services and trainings have been conducted by the

FNGOs. 195 SHGs are maintaining the records of their own and rest documents are being

maintained by the trained volunteers.

4.4.7 Income Generating Activities by SHGs

Self Help Groups in most of the programme villages have started to take care of social issues. Inter

group coordination has been established among

the SHGs to discuss the pertaining social issues

and to work out the possible solutions. Few

SHGs has taken up advocacy role for 100%

enrolment of children in the schools, effective

management of MDM, addressing the alcohol

problem, keeping the environment clean, ensuring

the effective functioning of Anganwadi Centre,

raising the awareness of health issues such as

institutional marriage, marriage above 18 yrs for

SHG Associated different Activities

Numbers

SHGs running MDM 259

SHGs running Grain Bank 242

SHGs running PDS 73

SHGs involved in Pisciculture activity

151

SHG involved in Collective Marketing

892

SHG involved in micro enterprise 1718

(Source: Project MIS, 2010)

Page | 52

women and 21 for male etc. More than 892 SHGs in the programme villages have also taken up

Collective Marketing activities on regular basis. 151 SHGs are taking up pisciculture activity, 1718

SHGs have been taken up various farm/ non farm income generating activities.

Benefit sharing of the profits of SHGs from the IGAs is done among the members. This year, 1034

SHGs have already shared profit among themselves..

4.4.8 Literacy drive

Based upon the observation of last Mission, efforts have been made to take up literacy drive for the

SHG members. Till date 293 events / programmes on adult literacy have been organized covering

about 9585 SHG members. Negotiation is on with different institutions to take up the literacy drive

on a long term basis.

4.4.9 Capacity Building Activities

Timely capacity building inputs and the hand holding

support has been augmented in regular interval to

promote the SHGs in desired direction. Training need

analysis for the SHGs have been made with due analysis

of the Gradation parameters on every six monthly basis.

4.4.10 Annual Audit

Annual audit of the registers and the books of account

maintained at the SHG level are taken up internally by the programme. The Finance Officer, ITDA,

PO (CB), MFO from ITDA and WDT (MF) and WDT (Soc Sc.) have been given the responsibility

of auditing each group. During the DFID TA support, Financial Support Assistants positioned were

also conducting these audits. Last year books of account of 766 SHGs have been internally audited.

4.4.11 Collective Marketing

In view of successful implementation of Collective Marketing initiative during the pilot phase in 56

programme villages, the district authorities from all four programme districts suggested for

continuity of support of M/s MART, Bhubaneswar. The members of JRM also endorsed the

proposal of up scaling the initiative to all programme villages. Later, with due consultation and

feedback from the district, the fresh ToR developed highlighting the sustainability aspects of

collective marketing. The new ToR developed, included the Replication of Collective Marketing,

Block / District No of Trainings

On SHG functioning and Management

3146

On IGP / BDP 776

Exposure Visits Made for SHGs

266

Page | 53

Cadre Promotion, Institution Building, Cluster Development, Capacity Building and

Documentation. The contract with MART was signed for two years on 15th October, 2007.

During the two years association of MART, all Phase-I programme villages were covered under

Collective Marketing. A detail product profile developed from all villages indicating the quantity of

products available, timing of harvest, surplus amount

etc. The villagers also exposed to different market

sites, interacted with traders from local hats, blocks,

districts and other terminal markets.

The local volunteers were capacitated to promote

collective marketing at the community level. 58 cadres

from the programme villages have been promoted.

Two clusters for tamarind and cashew has been developed in Paralakhemundi. Processing machines

for different products have been installed and made operational. Adivasi Bazar Market in

Tumudibandh block, Baliguda, Kandhmal has been strengthened as Secondary level institute to

facilitate marketing initiatives.

On the capacity building aspects, about 100 training programme and 60 exposure visits have been

organised for the village level members (SHG Volunteers, Cadres) and for the facilitative staffs of

OTELP from ITDA and F.NGOs. A booklet on Collective Marketing has been developed. To

strengthen the capacity building programme on Collective Marketing, flip book, flip chart, posters

etc. have been developed. Documentary film on the initiatives of Collective Marketing in English

has been developed.

During the association with MART ,about 32 products such as Niger, Custard, Cashew, Turmeric,

Jack fruit, Cowpea, Arher, Drum stick, Hill Broom, Karanja, Mahua, Ambula, Mango Jelly, Ragi,

Suan, Maize, beans etc. have been covered under collective marketing covering 315 villages. The

total turn over augmented through the Collective Marketing is about Rs. 3.45 Crores, where the total

incremental benefit comes to Rs. 30.00 Lakhs. More importantly, the concept of Collective

Marketing has been well grounded at the community level. SHGs and CIGs ensure collectivisation

of products and negotiate with the traders before selling the products. Batter has been completely

stopped and people start selling all the products through proper weighing system. First level value

addition is also in practiced.

Women SHG Members involved in Collective

Marketing

Page | 54

A web based Production and Market Information System (PMIS) for product mapping has been

developed with the support of MART, which will be linked to OTELP site shortly. This would

enable both the villagers to get information on availability of traders, price, location etc. Similarly,

the traders will able to know the quantity of products available, time of harvesting, cluster hub,

contact person. This initiative has been appreciated by ORMAS, TDCC the marketing agencies in

Orissa.

Page | 55

5. COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT

INITIATIVES FUND

The programme has a thrust to cover the remotest villages of its operational blocks and districts, so

as to reach to the deprived communities and mainstream them with recent developments. Lack of

infrastructure in those villages is mostly due to its geographical situation and low population, which

does not qualify them for accessing the mainstream infrastructure programme implemented by the

Government. The Community Infrastructure Fund (CIF) tries to identify those gaps and create

essential community infrastructure at the village level having a direct relation with the livelihood of

the poor. The programme has developed a comprehensive guideline for the implementation of the

CIF component. This guideline profusely elaborates the scope of activities to be taken up under the

component, its implementation modalities, intuitional arrangements etc. Various activities taken up

during the programme period under CIF are presented below:

Sl. No. Activity Details Pre MTR I Post MTR I Grand Total

1 Drying Yard Nos. 11 66 77

2 Spring based Gravity Flow Water Supply

Nos. 0 91 91

3 Solar Electronic Workshop

Nos. 0 1 1

4 Village Road Up gradation

Mtr 0 6 6

5 ARC cum SHG Training Hall/ Knowledge Centre

Nos. 0 14 14

6 Grain Bank Nos. 0 2 2

7 SHG Shop Nos. 0 3 3

8 Market Yard Nos. 0 1 1

9 Poultry Farm Nos. 0 3 3

10 Solar Drier Nos. 0 1 1

11 Solar Light (including workshop)

Nos. 0 141 141

12 Solar Street Light Nos. 0 2 2

13 Toilet & Bathroom HH 0 4308 4308

14 Cowshed Nos. 0 1 1

15 Tamarind Deseeding/ Packaging Block

Nos. 0 1 1

16 Bathing Complex Nos. 0 1 1

Page | 56

17 Storage Water Tank/ Open Well

Nos. 0 42 42

18 Oil Extraction Mill Nos. 0 1 1

19 Work Shade Nos. 0 5 5

20 Storage Godwon Nos. 13 36 49

21 Threshing Platform Nos. 0 2 2

22 Village Drain Nos. 0 2 2

23 River Step Nos. 0 10 10

Similarly, the Development Initiatives Fund (DIF) provides the flexibility to the communities in

deciding innovative interventions and to upscale their successful experiences and learning. DIF is

also used by the communities in leveraging funds from other developmental programmes, bringing

in convergence. Besides, this also focuses on improving the quality of life for the rural poor

particularly women.

Based on the earlier recommendations by previous MTR and subsequent JRMs, the programme has

developed a guideline for selection and implementation of activities under this component. Broadly,

the activities to be financed from DIF have been separated into four categories.

a. Supplementary funding to other programme components. b. Experimenting and/ or upscaling innovative activities for livelihood.

c. Promotion of low cost, time & labour saving technologies for reduction of drudgery.

d. Support to the Vulnerable and Destitute Households living in the programme villages.

Initially (pre MTR I) the programme has utilized part of this fund in constructing storage structures

in the programme villages. Subsequently, based on the recommendation of the MTR I and after

preparation of the guideline for implementation of DIF, there has been ample clarity on the

component. Some of the key initiatives under these components are elaborated below.

Sl. No.

Activity Unit Total

1. Supplementary funding to other programme components

1 Drying Yard Nos. 23

2 Spring based Gravity Flow Water Supply Nos. 11

3 Poultry/ Goatary Farm Nos. 1

4 Storage Water Tank/ Open Well Nos. 2

5 Storage Godwon (30 Nos. before MTR I) Nos. 46

2. Experimenting and/or upscaling innovative activities for livelihoods

1 ARC cum SHG Training Hall/ Knowledge Nos. 37

Page | 57

Centre

2 Grain Bank Nos. 4

3 SHG Shop Nos. 3

4 Cowshed Nos. 2

5 Tamarind Deseeding/ Packaging Block Nos. 11

6 Oil Extraction Mill Nos. 5

7 Work Shade Nos. 13

8 Saloon/ Tailor Shop Nos. 4

9 Food Processing Unit (Rice/ Floor/ Pulses) Nos. 13

10 Bee Keeping Nos. 19

11 Cashew Processing Unit Nos. 6

12 Seed Bank Nos. 6

13 Drug Bank Nos. 2

14 Sanitary Napkin Unit Nos. 1

15 Silo Model Storage Bin Nos. 119

16 Medicinal Plant Unit Nos. 1

3. Promotion of low cost, time and labour saving technologies for reduction of drudgery

1 Toilet & Bathroom HH 1987

2 Leaf plate stitching Nos. 6

4. Support to the Vulnerable and Destitute Households living inside the village

1 Roofing of Landless HH HH 21

2 Support to the Poorest of Poor HH 618

3 Grocery Shop Nos. 9

4 Tribal Music Group Nos. 4

5 Sound Box and Generator Set Nos. 3

The immediate outcome

of the activities

implemented in Phase-I

villages under CIF and

DIF are as follows: (i)

120 villages have been

covered under gravity

flow piped water supply,

(ii) 85 villages have been

Output Indicators 2009 2010

Served with gravity flow piped drinking water 71 120

Covered under solar electrification (solar torch) 82 85

Covered with complete sanitation (individual toilet and bathroom)

63 115

Covered with storage facilities (community storage with drying facility)

93 119

Households covered with Total Sanitation (individual toilet and bathroom)

4613 6295

Vulnerable/ Destitute Household supported with livelihood activities

470 1284

(Source: Project MIS, 2010)

Page | 58

covered under solar electrification, (iii) 115 villages have been covered under total sanitation and (iv)

119 villages have been covered with community storage facility. 6295 households have been covered

under individual toilet and bathroom which is about 32% of the total phase I beneficiary households

and 1284 vulnerable and destitute households (which is about 41% of the total vulnerable/ destitute

households) have been supported with various livelihood activities.

5.1 Total Sanitation in the Programme Villages

Gram Vikas working as a FNGO in Th. Rampur Block of Kalahandi district being an expert in the

field of rural sanitation initiated the effort for covering

100% of their operational villages under total sanitation.

The initiation took a pace and 120 villages have been

covered under total sanitation programme benefiting

6295 household spread over Phase I districts including

other FNGOs. This is a very successful model of

convergence, where the communities have been

facilitated to augment funds from District Water and Sanitation Mission (DWSM) and Rastriya

Gram Vikas Youjna (RGVY) to go for gravity flow piped water supply system to the village and

construction of individual toilets and bathrooms for every household. Most importantly in

construction of the individual toilet and bathroom the respective household has contributed more

than 50% of the total cost of construction which is about Rs. 4500.00.

This is an innovation which aims at improving the quality of life in the

programme villages by achieving complete sanitation and provision of safe drinking water at each

individual household level. Efforts are being made to popularise the intervention by exposing the

communities of other villages and motivate them to take up the activity in their respective village.

During next two years the programme has the projection to compete at least 50% of the programme

villages in both the phases. There are evidences from field that, during the last outbreak as well as

current outbreak of cholera in Kalahandi district, the impact of total sanitation was clearly visible in

those villages.

Toilet and Bathroom with tap water supply at

Kalahandi district

Page | 59

5.2 Solar Electrification Workshop

Under Development Initiative Fund, four tribal women of Tingnaput village of Koraput district

were trained and promoted as barefoot solar engineer from NIRD, Hyderabad. Those women were

successfully installed the solar lighting system in their village and the whole village consisting of 40

households are now getting lighting in the evening which helped them doing livelihood activities

during evening. Besides, the children of the village are now able to read during evening and women

are cooking food as a result of these illumination. This has not only improved the quality of life of

the inhabitants of the Tinganput village but also created demand for electrification in nearby villages.

Looking into the opportunity of upcoming demand for the solar electrification the trained barefoot

solar engineers have started to assembling the solar torches in their village and have no far sold

about 75 units during the year with a profit of about Rs.300.00 per torch. Further indent of 3000

units is lying with them. To upscale the initiative, the programme has taken efforts in providing

training to women members from other programme areas to learn the technical knowhow of

assembling the solar panels/lanterns. The training of first batch covering 8 women has been

completed and they are ready to upscale the innovation in their village.

The PSU undertook a study on assessing the feasibility of up scaling of the solar intervention

through the support of DFID TA. The agency named M/s CITRAN was assigned with the job and

the report is ready with practical recommendations of up-scaling the initiatives. Besides, the

programme has facilitated the implementation of Remote Village Electrification Programme (RVEP)

in 12 villages of Kalandi district, where beneficiary families have been provided with home lighting

system and street lights in their villages, with 100% subsidy and 5 years of maintenance warranty

from OREDA. The dialogue with OREDA is continuing to up-scale to all those villages which are

not eligible for Rajib Gandi Grameen Bidyut Karan Yojna (RGGBY) of Government of India and

Biju Jyoti Yojna (BJY) of Government of Orissa.

Other activities like grain bank, knowledge/ information centres, work shades, food processing

units, support to the vulnerable households, shops/ shopping complex for SHGs, bee keeping,

poultry farming for poor etc have been taken up under CIF and DIF adhering to the operational

guidelines for the same.

Page | 60

6. SUPPORT FOR POLICY INITIATIVES

Land to landless and homestead land to homestead less households have been the major

components of empowerment. With the active Support and assistance of the Revenue and Disaster

Management Department, Govt. of Orissa, ITDAs in the field along with FNGOs are facilitating

for providing land to landless under various existing schemes and Acts of the Govt. of Orissa such

as OPLE Act, OGLS Rule, Vasundhara and Mo Jami Mo Dhia scheme. Besides, the project

facilitated the communities in getting land rights under Forest Rights Act (FRA). The objective is to

cover 14369 absolute landless households of the programme villages within the project period. The

programme has facilitated to expedite the implementation of Forest Rights Act for settlement of

forest lands by providing hand held GPS of the sub-collectors of the programme areas along with

financial assistance to engage additional hands preferably retired RIs and Amins. During the period,

7479 families have received 8132.513 acres land under FRA.

Further, with the existing provisions of Govt of Orissa, 589.068 acres of land have

been settled with 647 families under OPLE Act and 1103.38 acres of land have been settled with

1512 families under OGLS Rules. Under the Vasundhara Scheme, 2328 families have been provided

with 102.606 acres of homestead Land and 27 families with 11.98 acres through Mo Jami Mo Dhia

scheme. Out of 14369 no. of absolute landless households on the programme area, more than 60%

households have been settled with agricultural and homestead land. The district wise allocations,

scheme wise allocation of land are presented in the table at next page.

The project had undertaken two studies to assess the impact of land allocation under FRA and

Vasundhara Scheme to the landless families. These studies have recommended for development of

the FRA plots as well as homestead plot of these families as integrated agriculture based livelihoods

model. The same is being taken care through convergence.

Pa

ge6

2

F6.1 Opertionalisation of 10 to 30 degree slope survey and settlement: a historic transaction

• OTELP is working in 30 blocks of seven districts of Orissa namely, Koraput, Kalahandi,

Gajapati, Kandhamal, Nawrangpur, Malkanagiri and Rayagada since 2004095 in a phased

manner. The total families covered under the programme are 56180 living in 1034 villages.

The schedule tribe and schedule caste families are more than 95% of the total beneficiary.

14369 families are a landless family who does not have any land under their ownership.

However, more than 75% of the household does not have one standard acre of land.

• Programme loan agreement in its schedule I para 6 indicated for settlement of un-surveyed

land to the landless family in the programme villages and also identifying and triggering land

dispute cases laying in various court of law.

• Co-ordination Committee under the chairmanship of Principal secrecy to Govt. Forest and

Environment Department on its meeting dated 2nd September 2006, decided to move to the

Revenue and Disaster Management Department for settlement of land in favour of landless

family under existing provision of OPLE Act and OGLS Rules. Further, the committee also

decided to setup a survey and settlement unit at every programme district attached to the

respective ITDA for starting the survey and settlement work in the programme villages.

• Based on the above recommendation, the Revenue and Disaster Management Department

organized a meeting on 01.11.2006 with PD, OTELP, Director, Settlement and

Consolidation and decided to constitute 10 surveys and settlement unit to be positioned with

PA, ITDA in the 10 programme blocks under Phase I implementation.

• The Director, Land Records and Surveys informed vide his letter no.2197 dated 24.03.2007

the suggestion of the Member, Board of Revenue, Cuttack, to prepare a detail project report

indicating the list of villages district wise proposed for survey, approximate area in each of

the villages, extent of land currently classified as forest and available within the proposed

area for resurvey in each of the village, technology to be adopted, requirement of manpower,

time period for completion of the project etc.

• In continuation to the above decisions, the Revenue and Disaster management Department

notified 392 villages under Phase-I implementation on 31st August 2007 for special survey

and settlement through hi-tech survey instruments and advised the Director, Land Records

to furnish the technical specification for procurement of the GPS and ETS system to PD,

OTELP as per the decision made in the SLPMC meeting held on 27.10.2006.

Page | 63

• The Revenue and Disaster Management Department vide letter no. 29774, dated 28.07.2007

constituted a technical committee for selection of technology to be adopted for special

survey under OTELP. The team was taken up a study of ongoing high tech survey operation

in Andra Pradesh and proposed the technical specification.

• Further, the Revenue & Disaster Management Department issued a letter vide no. 24571

dated 05.06.2008, to the Collectors of Phase I implementing districts to expedite the steps

for settlement of Govt. lands with eligible landless tribal families under the provisions of

OGLS/ OPLE Act/ Rules in OTELP programme villages even if such land is of more

than10 degree slope, pending the survey/ settlement operation in these areas.

• Based on the recommendation of the above mentioned meetings, and study by the technical

team, the Director, Land Records & Surveys & Consolidation sent the technical specification

for procurement of DGPS, ETS & related software vide his letter no. 3093 dated 10th May,

2008.

• Based on the technical specification proposed by the Director, Land Records, the PSU

advertised the “Tender Call Notice” with a closing date of 26.08.2008. Two companies was

applied for the bid and the technical committee evaluated their documents and suggested to

open the technical bids of only one firm. The committee also recommended to open the

commercial bid of the same as the firm qualified the technical evaluation. Further the

technical committee observed the field demonstration by the firm and qualified the agency

for procurement with the quoted price with an approval from the next higher authority as it

was only one qualified bid.

• The IFAD did not approve the procurement mentioning that the procedure followed for

procurement is not as per the IFAD procurement guideline and sent a bid document

template to re-advertise the whole process.

• Again the re-advertisement for procurement was done on with the last date of receipt of bid

on 30.09.2009 and subsequently procedures were followed for the procurement and the

technical committee fianlised the firm for procurement which was gain sent to IFAD for

approval. On 06.05.2010 through email the Country Programme Manager of IFAD, India

disagreed for the procurement mentioning less availability of funds under the loan category

Vehicles, Equipment & Materials and suggested to do it on hire basis.

Page | 64

• SLPMC has approved the proposal for sending request for proposal to IFAD and the same

is under way’

6.2 Focused Intervention for Land to Landless

The PSU has signed MoU with RDI, an international NGO with registered office in India, for

allocation of land to landless to ensure it as a focused intervention under the programme. This has

been designed based on the two studies undertaken during 2009-10 with the support from DFID

TA. These studies reveal that nearly 41% of the families in 43 villages of 20 GPs of Phase I districts

were not having rightful ownership to the land on which they are residing. To tackle this problem,

the detailed collaborative plan with RDI has been prepared and MoU signed to cover all the 30

blocks of OTELP operational area. The aim of this collaboration is to ensure that no landless family

will be there in OTELP operational area by 2012. It is a collaboration without any financial

implication to the project. Both the parties will use their own resources and OTELP will meet the

investments meant for the capacity building of the community resource persons and specialized

human resources for execution of the MoU. The SLPMC on its 13th meeting held on 21.09.2010 has

approved the collaboration.

6.3 Special interventions for PTGs

Based on the recommendation of the previsou JRM, the PSU has initiated a collaborative effort for

focused intervention in the PTGs programme villages covering the Bonda, Lanjia Soura and Kutia

Konda tribe. This initiation will converge the resources and efforts being made by the Government

for the development of the PTGs.

The PSU organized a meeting with the Director of SC&ST Development Department, Director of

State ST & SC Training and Research Institute and the project officers of these three micro projects

on 29th September, 2010. This meeting has resulted in specific activities for these tribes as follows:

a. Ensuring the enrolment of the PTGs children below 14 years of age with a provision of

financial incentives to their parents.

b. Capacity building of the youth members of these communities to promote them as

contractors for various government works, as no outside contractors is applying for any job

because of LWE effect.

c. Development of the lands settled to these families under FRA.

Page | 65

d. Development of Multi Purpose Centers for effective running of ICDS Centre, PDS Shops

etc.

e. 100% seed replacement in all these villages.

f. Development of Eco Tourism in PVTG Areas.

g. Skill up-gradation of youth members of PVTG.

h. Photo identify cards and PDS card to all PVTG families.

Besides, tribe specific action plan has also been prepared and circulated to the special offices and

ITDAs for implementation of the collaboration.

Page | 66

7. FOOD HANDLING

WFP has been supporting the project in terms of food grains which are paid to the beneficiaries as a

part of the wage payment. The support has been yielding good results in terms of addressing the

larger issue of food security in the programme villages. The beneficiaries are receiving one unit of

food grain as a part of the wage payment which includes 3 kg of rice with a subsidized price of

Rs.10.00 per unit. The funds generated out of this are deposited in the village account known as

Village Development

Fund. The VDF will be a

corpus fund available

with the village to be used

for the post project

management/

maintenance purpose.

Moreover, the WFP food

part has been very

popular among the

project beneficiaries and could able to influence the food habit of the people with nutritional

supplementation. The detail of the food grains received and utilized during project period is

presented in the above Table The arrangement made last year for lifting and transportation of the

food grains through TDCC has been working well and the lifting of food grain from FCI depot and

making transportation to the VDC point are being made very effectively.

Making an analysis of the above data it can be observed that the average days of wage engagement

per participating household are 34, 73, 133,

120 and 143 days for 2006-07, 2007-08,

2008-09 and 2009-10 respectively. Taking

these figures it can be calculated that the

average availability of food grains per

household in the programme villages are

about 105, 222 and 360 kgs for the

respective years. Assuming the

Food Grains Utilized in MT

No of Wage days created

Avg. no. of workers hired per month

Year

Rice Pulses Male Female Male Female

2005-06 73.327 5.007 17624 12123 511 372

2006-07 810.931 48.669 194623 129749 2570 1875

2007-08 1859.873 105.625 389310 354637 3062 2517

2008-09 4572.757 0 622453 594967 5274 4908

2009-10 3807.797 0 609702 569438 4240 3980

Source: Project MIS, March, 2010

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consumption rate at 2 kg per household, there is thus an increase of food secured months from 3 to

6 months from 2006-07 to 2009-10. Comparing these figures with the baseline, it can be highlighted

that the gap in food availability of the communities has been significantly reduced through support

of the WFP food grains. This has also been validated through the impact assessment conducted

during the year 2009.

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8. Programme Management

8.1 Monitoring & Evaluation

The programme has institutionalized methods for the monitoring of the output, outcome and

impact of the programme activities. All tools have designed in a manner to ensure community

participation in the local governance system. The details of the tools are explained below:

a. Simplified Record Keeping at the grass root level organizations such as SHG, VLSC &

VDC:

• Standardized set of documents/ registers has been designed and provided to the

village institutions for recording of the events related to the programme

implementation, its processes, outputs and expenditures thereof.

• These documents primarily record the accounting of funds received and spent,

inventory, minutes of the meeting, activities undertaken, benefits realized etc.

• Standardized case records are being maintained by the VLSCs to record the interim

progress and decisions made by the community during the implementation of the

activity. This simplifies the ease of use of documentation processes for the

communities and contributes to an effective governance system.

b. Voucher Based Monitoring System

• This is a simple tool innovated under the programme and adopted since 2007 (post

Phase I MTR), to record and report the expenditures incurred in each month at each

expenditure unit i.e. VLSC, VDC etc.

• Expenditures at village level are mostly in regards to purchase of material for any

activity or payment of wages.

• Each payment made for purchase of material generates a voucher indicating the

material purchased, from whom, amount and for which activity (related to a

standardized case record maintained for each activity).

• Each payment made to labourers generates a muster roll indicating the number of

labourers worked, period, no of days, work done and amount.

• The tool enables the community to make entry of all the paid vouchers and muster

rolls into a simple format indicating the voucher/ muster roll no., the case record no.

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to which the payment belong, name of the activity, component, amount paid, date of

payment, weather payment made in shape of check/ cash and whom to paid.

• All the entries are summed up in the report and the final figure along with the related

documents (case record) are presented before the Village Social & Financial Audit

Committee which is the Palli Sabha of the Village for approval of the expenditures

made in each month from 22nd to 25th of each month.

• On approval of the same the original and duplicate copy (generated using carbon

paper) sent to the VDC keeping the triplicate for record.

• The VDC receives the reports from each village within the micro watershed and

consolidates the expenditures against each programme component and reports to the

FNGO and ITDA.

• Accordingly the FNGO and ITDA only consolidate the information and add the

expenditure incurred at their level and submit the reports.

• All these expenditure reports are being accepted as utilization certificate of the funds

spent.

c. Physical Progress Reporting (Output & Outcome reporting)

• The FNGOs and ITDAs prepare Half Yearly Progress Reports against the Annual

Work Plan & Budget for the year presenting the outputs achieved during the period

and cumulative achievement.

• Besides, the ITDAs based on these reports, prepares Half yearly and Annual

Performance Report which is an output linked outcome report presenting the change

in various physical indicators for both RIMS and logframe.

d. Participatory Process Monitoring System

• The learning from the piloting and

subsequent fine tuning of the

Participatory Process Monitoring, the

tool has been instutionalised and being

observed by the community members

in each programme village of OTELP.

• Highly popular among the community

members as they celebrate the event in

Participatory Process Monitoring, Sindhiba,

Gajapati

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every six month with a name of “SAMISKHA SAPTAHA” (Evaluation Week).

• For ease of use by the community members the process related parameters have

been translated into Oriya language and printed in a booklet format.

• For further simplification and better understanding by the illiterate community

members IEC material i.e. poster has been designed and pasted in each programme

village for communicating the concept and methodology to the communities.

• Set of facilitators selected from ITDAs and FNGOs have been trained on a regular

basis and effectively facilitate the process during the observation of “SAMIKHA

SAPTAHA”.

• The process has not only involves the communities to directly participate in the

evaluation process for ranking their performance against different parameters but

also empowers them in creating awareness regarding various processes followed for

implementation and also about different Govt. and other programme being

implemented for them.

• This involves evaluation of

processes on seven thematic

areas of monitoring i.e.

Institutional aspect,

Organization of community,

Project Management, Participatory implementation & monitoring, Financial aspect,

Capacity Building of different stakeholder, Empowerment centered plan.

• Based on the results the performance of VDCs have been evaluated and ranked

based on the evaluation of the critical parameters. The results for last two events

conducted during October 2008 and May 2009 are presented in the above table.

e. Concurrent Evaluations

• Two times Joint Review Mission per year conducted by IFAD along with DFID &

WFP.

• Mid Term Review two times in the project period i.e. on completion of 3rd year and

7th year.

Oct-08 May-09 Category

VDC % VDC %

Green (Above Average) 35 26 42 31

Yellow (Average) 50 37 60 44

Red (Below Average) 40 30 33 24

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• Objective to Purpose Review (OPR) was conducted by the PSU for the year 2005-

06, 2006-07, 2007-08 and is being conducted for the year 2009-10 as per the

requirement of DFID, New Delhi.

8.2 Web Based M&E Software

The development of the M&E Software is completed and under implementation at the PSU,

OTELP. All the MIS Executives from the ITDAs have been received orientations in phased manner

conducted by the PSU and CES, Kolkota. Based on the feedback from the initial orientation

programme, the fine-tuning of the software is being made remotely by the CES. The Web Server has

been setup and is under operation in the PSU for the M&E Software and the access to the software

have been made through the OTELP website. The users are now accessing the software remotely

from the website. Besides, the remote supports to the ITDAs are being provided by the CES from

Kolkota and by PSU from Bhubaneswar. The master data entries have been completed in all the

master databases directly at the PSU level. The ITDAs have also completed the master data entry of

the village master database, watershed master database and GP master database. The household

survey data of Phase I and II programme villages are being fed by means of bulk posting of data

from MS Excel to SQL Server through data conversion method.

8.3 Implementation of RIMS Impact Survey

RIMS Impact Survey has been taken up in the programme villages of Phase I and Phase II under

Phase I programme districts. The PO (PM&E), PO (CB) of ITDAs and WDT (Social Science) of

both Phase I and II FNGOs were oriented on the survey methodology and questionnaire along with

how to undertake anthropometric survey using the RIMS equipments received from IFAD on 9th

September 2008. On completion orientation programme the respective WDT (Social Science)

member of FNGO conducted the survey along with the Community Mobilizer in the sample

villages. The impact survey questionnaire and anthropometric survey was administered to 1150

sample households in 23 clusters by the surveyors. In all the sample villages the household and

anthropometric survey has been completed and the data collected during the survey are kept at the

ITDA level for entering into the RIMS software. As regards to the receipt of the RIMS software,

Mr. Shaheel Rafique, ISS, ICP, IFAD, New Delhi has communicated that the updated software is

available in the IFAD website. The same has already been downloaded and provided to the MIS

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Executives of ITDAs. As informed by Mr. Rafique, the software has undergone some modification

over the previous version.

Besides, the programmes prepares RIMS report for each year and submit it to the IFAD country

office. This is being prepared from the MIS data collected from the field and consultative meetings

with the field units.

8.4 Revision of Programme Logframe

The first Phase MTR has made a revision of the programme logframe during September 2006 based

on their evaluation. Subsequently the Joint Review Missions were also recommended for making a

revision on the programme logframe based on the observations by organising consultative

workshops with the FNGOs and ITDA. Based on these recommendations, the PSU with the

support from DFID TA through PST organised the consultative workshop for making revision of

the programme logframe. PST has engaged M/s Sambodhi, New Delhi for facilitating the process

and the FNGO Representatives and selected SMS from the ITDAs attended the workshop along

with the staff of PSU. Ms. Supriya Pattnaik, State Representative, DFID, Orissa has also attended

the workshop. The total process completed in two events, one on 8th April, 2009 and second was on

19th June, 2009. The revised logframe has been adopted by the programme

8.5 Impact Assessment

The sixth meeting of the Programme Steering Committee (PSC) chaired by the Chief Secretary and

Chief Development Commissioner, Orissa advised to conduct an evaluation of the programme

implementation in the Phase I operational areas to assess the impact of the programme

interventions on the programme beneficiaries. The PSU initiated the process and requested the PST

to engage an independent agency through DFID TA funds for conducting an Impact Assessment of

the implementation of Phase I programme areas. The PST through a bidding process invited

Expression of Interest (EOI) and subsequently Technical and Financial Proposal from shortlisted

agencies. The technical committee comprising of members of PSU and PST evaluated the proposals

and recommended two agencies for participate in financial evaluation. The PST did the financial

evaluation and subsequent negotiation with the agencies and finalized the agency to be selected. M/s

Sambodhi, New Delhi selected in the process and started the Impact Assessment in the four Phase I

programme districts for Phase I programme area. M/s Sambodhi conducted the inception workshop

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on 19th September 2009 at Bhubaneswar where all the FNGO Representatives of Phase I and the

selected ITDA Subject Matter Specialist attended along with the PSU Officials. The DFID State

Representative Ms. Supriya Pattnaik had also attended the workshop. During the workshop the

methodology, tool and indicators for evaluation were finalized. Subsequently, the agency has started

the field study in the selected sample villages of Phase I. During the stake holders workshop of

previous Joint Review Mission, the agency made a presentation of the initial findings of the study.

The final report was finalized on a stakeholders workshop conducted on 5th February, 2010. The

report has been submitted to the MTR separately.

8.6 Financial Management

In line with the recommendations of earlier Supervision Missions various steps has been taken to

strengthen the Financial Management of OTELP including all the ITDAs operating under OTELP.

Major areas of improvement are as follows:

a. Appointment of Finance Officers (FOs):

Finance Officer has been appointed for all the ITDAs. As per the recommendation of the

Supervision Mission, a Chartered Accountant has been appointed as CFO at PSU level.

b. Maintenance of Records:

Independent records are maintained at different ITDA and PSU as recommended by earlier

Supervision Missions. Separate Balance-sheet Income and Expenditure, Receipt and

Payment Account with all relevant schedules ITDA wise and a consolidated Balance-sheet

Income and Expenditure, Receipt and Payment Account of OTELP forms part of the

Audited Statement of Accounts. To make the Audited Statement of Accounts more

informative necessary notes on all important matters has been included in the Audited

Statement of Accounts for the Financial Year 2009-10.

c. Reconciliation:

During the year 2009-10, all the Bank Accounts numbering around 550 maintained at VDC

and VLSC level has been reconciled during the year. Similarly, Cash and Bank Balance as per

ITDA records has been reconciled with the records maintained at VDC and VLSC level.

The anomalies in the form of short / excess booking of expenditure has been thoroughly

scrutinized, necessary accounting entries passed in the year 2009-10.

Balance with FNGOs has also been reconciled and balance confirmation certificates

obtained.

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d. World Food Programme:

Food-grains received under WFP and consumption of food-grains since inception till 31st

March, 2010 has been accounted for in the year 2009-10.

e. Beneficiary Contribution:

During the year 2008-09, necessary accounting has been made to reflect beneficiary

contribution since inception till 31st March, 2009. Similarly, beneficiary contribution during

the year 2009-10 has been accounted for in the year 2009-10.

f. Village Development Fund:

The total amount of VDF deposited in VDF Account at VDC and VLSC level has been

reflected as by way of a note in the Audited Statement of Accounts.

g. Source and Application of Funds:

Source and Application of funds since inception to 31st March, 2010 has been included as

Annexure to the Audited Statement of Accounts in the year 2009-10.

As desired by IFAD, India Country Office, we enclose programme component wise funding

since inception till 31st March, 2010 based on Audited Expenditure figures.

h. Internal Audit:

As per recommendation of earlier Supervision Missions Firm of Chartered Accountants has

been engaged for Internal Audit of four old ITDAs during the year 2009-10.

We have already submitted Audited Statement of Accounts for the Financial Year 2009-10

of IFAD, India Country Office.

There is a visible improvement which can be noticed due to the various administrative

measures taken based on the recommendation of various Supervision Missions and our own

findings. However, there are some areas where further improvement is required and

management has taken necessary steps in this direction. We have also taken necessary steps

for reconciliation of funds generated at OTELP (VDC / VLSC level)which includes village

development fund and funds released under Rural Financial Service and expect that

necessary reconciliation will be completed within the current year.

There had been some misunderstanding about the SoE Claims which OTELP submitted

based on release of funds to different ITDAs and not based on actual expenditure.

However, as per the instructions of IFAD, India Country Office, the claims submitted for

the Financial Year 2009-10 are based on Audited Expenditure figures.

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We have analyzed the impact of SoE which were based on release of funds to ITDA and not

based on actual expenditure and it is found that as on date although the total claim amount

was more compared to the claim amount that should have been if the same were based on

actual audited expenditure but as per our analysis of the claim vis-à-vis reimbursement, it is

observed that although excess claim has been made but the release figure as on date are

within the eligible amount of claim based on actual expenditure. The claims made by us

against claim no. 1 and 3 to 12 has been reimbursed, Claim no. 13 has been rejected and 14

and 15 are withheld and at IFAD level as per records of CAAA. MTR may discuss on the

issue for final settlement.

The Statutory Auditors, Internal Auditors and the Financial Review Mission has expressed

their concerns on the Book Keeping at VDC / VLSC level and at FNGO level. To improve

the Financial Management and Record Keeping, it has now been decided to engage

additional Finance Assistant at ITDAs and FNGOs. Accordingly, two Finance Assistant

through Service Provider has been sanctioned by SLPMC to be engaged in the four old

ITDAs and one each in the new three ITDAs. SLPMC has also approved engagement of

Finance Person / Accountant at the level of FNGO to be recruited by them for necessary

capacity building of the persons responsible for maintenance of account at VDC / VLSC

level.

8.7 Year wise Financial Progress

Financial Year

Approved AWP&B

Exp. As per audited account

2003-04 4.00 4.38

2004-05 4.00 57.96

2005-06 1016.97 273.07

2006-07 3588.76 1209.69

2007-08 4184.45 2231.35

2008-09 5013.16 3982.07

2009-10 5358.9 4214.42

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8.8 Financial Progress by Components

Expenditure As On 31/03/2010

(AUDITED) Amt. in Rs. Lakhs

Sl.

No

Programme Component

Programme Benificiary

Contribution

TOTAL

1 Programme Management 1097.12 0.00 1097.12

2 Capacity Building For Empowerment 1637.89 1.29 1639.19

3 Livelihood Enhancement 6377.29 624.56 7001.85

4 Participatory Forest Management 409.43 31.39 440.82

5 Support for Policy Initiatives 2.73 0.00 2.73

6 Community Infrastructure fund 518.59 82.29 600.88

7 Development Initiative Fund 288.02 15.05 303.07

8 WFP Food Consumption 1513.14 0.00 1513.14

9 Food Handling 128.72 0.00 128.72

TOTAL Expenditure In Rs. 11972.94 754.58 12727.52