programming in abap
TRANSCRIPT
ABAP Training
Programming in ABAPProgramming in ABAP
Basic Program StructureControlling the Flow of an ABAP Program
Programming in ABAP 2
ABAP Training
Objectives
Aim is to introduce concepts associated with creating and executing an ABAP program, including
Defining program attributes Understanding the modular nature of an ABAP program Structure & syntax of ABAP statements
Declarative & operational keywords, & comments Flow control in ABAP
External control - event handling Internal control - IF, CASE, LOOP, ...
Programming in ABAP 3
ABAP Training
Programming in ABAP
basic program structure program attributes
Type Status Application Authorization groups Selection screen Development class
source code Statements and Comments
execution of ABAP programs flow control in ABAP
Programming in ABAP 4
ABAP Training
Creating New Program
Programming in ABAP 5
ABAP Training
Program Attributes
Program Type Executable program
generates lists Include program
contains code that cannot be executed on its own must be called from another program with an
INCLUDE statement
Programming in ABAP 6
ABAP Training
Program Attributes
Program Type Module pool
processing steps for screen module executed with a transaction code or menu function
Function group called from an application program using CALL
FUNCTION Subroutine pool
Programming in ABAP 7
ABAP Training
Program Attributes
Program Type Interface pool
Interfaces for local classes Class pool
Local classes
Programming in ABAP 8
ABAP Training
Program Attributes
Program Status indicate the status of a program development:
SAP Standard production program Customer production program System program Test program
Programming in ABAP 9
ABAP Training
Program Attributes
Application specifies the R/3 application area for which this
program is relevant: Basis or System Program Financial Accounting Human Resources, Planning Materials Management ...
Programming in ABAP 10
ABAP Training
Program Attributes
Authorization groups specifies the group authorized to view and modify
the program
Programming in ABAP 11
ABAP Training
Program Attributes
Development class Describes the area the program belongs to Determines the transport layer and transport
attributes of the program Begins with A..S or u..X
SAP standard objects (customer objects can not be created here)
Changes to objects recorded by workbench organizer
Can be transported
Programming in ABAP 12
ABAP Training
Program Attributes
Development class Begins with Y or Z
Customer objects Changes recorded in workbench organizer Can be transported
Begins with $ Local class Changes not recorded in workbench organizer Cannot be transported
Programming in ABAP 13
ABAP Training
Source Code
An ABAP program has a modular structure All programs consist of a series of modules
Simplest is just one module Syntax clearly separates individual processing blocks Sequential execution of code lines within processing
blocks
Programming in ABAP 14
ABAP Training
ABAP Modules
SubroutinesForm....ENDFORM
FunctionsFunction....ENDFUNCTION
Processing blocks for events<Event keyword>
Event statements<Event keyword>
Event statements Modules of a module pool
Module....ENDMODULE
Programming in ABAP 15
ABAP Training
ABAP Modules
Sequential coding within processing blocks General control flow statements
IF, DO, WHILE, (no GOTO) Reports
Collections of processing blocks that the system calls depending on events
Dialog programs Collections of processing blocks (module pool) that are
called by screen flow logic
Programming in ABAP 16
ABAP Training
Syntax Elements
Statements Each statement begins with a keyword and ends with a
periodWRITE ‘my first ABAP’.
Comments Flagged by * at the beginning of the line or ‘‘ anywhere
along the line Keywords
Determines the meaning of the entire statement
Programming in ABAP 17
ABAP Training
Syntax Elements - Keywords
Types Declarative keywords
Define data types or declare data objects the program can access
Data types tables constants parameters Control keywords
Control the flow of a program within a processing block
If, while, case
Programming in ABAP 18
ABAP Training
Syntax Elements - Keywords
Types Operational keywords
Process the data (as defined by the declarative keywords)
Move, add, write Calling keywords
Call processing blocks in the same or other program
Perform, call, submit, leave to
Programming in ABAP 19
ABAP Training
Syntax Elements - Keywords
Types Modularisation keywords
Define processing blocks in a program Event keywords
Associated processing blocks are executed when the relevant even t occurs
At selection screen, start-of-selection,... Defining keywords
Associated processing blocks are executed as soon as they are called by an explicit statement or in screen flow logic
Form, function, module, ...
Programming in ABAP 20
ABAP Training
Execution of ABAP Programs
A special runtime environment is required to execute an ABAP program
ABAP processor which communicates with the list processor and the dialog processor
Calls the individual modules according to established rules
Programming in ABAP 21
ABAP Training
Conclusion
Examined concepts associated with the creation and execution of an ABAP program
Program attributes Includes, type, application, development class
Basic program structure Modular nature of ABAP programs
Forms, functions