programme brochure › du › uploads › revisedsyllabi1 › annexure-197 ll.m. (… · the...

Faculty of Law, University of Delhi

35

UNIVERSITY OF DELHI MASTER OF LAWS (2Year/3 Year)

LL.M. (2 Year/3 Year) (Effective from Academic Year 2019-20)

PROGRAMME BROCHURE

LL.M. Revised Syllabus as approved by Academic Council on XXXX, 2019 and

Executive Council on YYYY, 2019

Department of Law, University of Delhi

36

CONTENTS

Page

I. About the Department 03 II. Introduction to CBCS 05/21

Scope

Definitions

Programme Objectives (POs)

Programme Specific Outcomes (PSOs)

III. LL.M. Programme Details 06/22

Programme Structure

Eligibility for Admissions

Assessment of Students’ Performance and Scheme of Examination Pass Percentage & Promotion Criteria:

Semester to Semester Progression

Conversion of Marks into Grades

Grade Points

CGPA Calculation

Division of Degree into Classes

Attendance Requirement

Span Period

Guidelines for the Award of Internal Assessment Marks

LL.M. Programme (Semester Wise)

IV. Course Wise Content Details for LL.M. Programme 35


37

I. About the Department The Faculty o f Law was es tablished in 1924 b y University of Delhi. Dr. Hari Singh Gaur, was i ts f irst Dean and was also the Vice Chancellor of the University. The Faculty of Law was initially located in the Prince's Pavilion in the Old Vice Regal Lodge Grounds. In the year 1963 i t was moved to its present location on Chhatra Marg, North Campus, University of Delhi and one more building, Umang Bhawan, near the old premise on the Chhatra Marg is allotted by university of Delhi in 2015 to the Faculty of Law. In 1944, one year Master of Laws (LL.M.) was introduced. The LL.M. Course was made a full-time two-year Course in the year 1947. T his course continues t ill date. Students taking admission in LL.M. (Two-years) course ar e required to f ile an a ffidavit declaring that they are not engaged in any trade, profession, business, or employment, etc. Mid-Sixties saw the introduction of t wo year c ourse t itled M aster o f C omparative Laws ( M.C.L.) for f oreign students. A round t he s ame t ime LL.M. ( Three Year) w as i ntroduced t o e nable w orking persons t o a cquire t he L L.M. de gree b y s tudying t he s ame c ourses o f LL.M. ( Two Y ear) spread over a period of three years.


38

UNIVERSITY OF DELHI MASTER OF LAWS (2 Year)

LL.M. (2 Year) (Effective from Academic Year ……..)

PROGRAMME BROCHURE




39

II. Introduction to CBCS (Choice Based Credit System) Choice Based Credit System:

The C BCS pr ovides a n oppor tunity for t he s tudents t o c hoose courses f rom t he p rescribed courses comprising core, elective/minor or skill-based courses. The courses can be evaluated following the grading system, which is considered to be better than the conventional marks system. G rading s ystem pr ovides uni formity i n t he e valuation a nd c omputation of t he Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) based on s tudent’s performance in examinations which enables the s tudent to move across institutions of higher learning. The uniformity in evaluation s ystem also e nable t he pot ential e mployers in assessing th e p erformance o f th e candidates.

Definitions:

(i) ‘ Academic P rogramme’ me ans an e ntire course o f s tudy c omprising its p rogramme structure, c ourse de tails, e valuation s chemes e tc. de signed t o be t aught a nd e valuated i n a teaching Department/Centre or jointly under more than one such Department/ Centre.

(ii) ‘Course’ means a segment of a subject that is part of an Academic Programme.

(iii) ‘ Programme S tructure’ m eans a l ist o f co urses ( Core, E lective, Open E lective) t hat makes u p an A cademic P rogramme, s pecifying t he s yllabus, C redits, hour s of t eaching, evaluation a nd e xamination s chemes, m inimum number of c redits r equired f or s uccessful completion of t he pr ogramme e tc. pr epared i n c onformity t o U niversity R ules, e ligibility criteria for admission.

(iv) ‘Core Course’ means a course t hat a s tudent admitted t o a pa rticular programme must successfully c omplete t o r eceive t he d egree a nd which c annot be s ubstituted b y a ny ot her course.

(v) ‘Elective Course’ means an optional course to be selected by a student out of such courses offered in the same or any other Department/Centre.

(vi) ‘ Open E lective’ m eans an el ective co urse w hich i s av ailable f or s tudents o f all programmes, including s tudents of same department. Students of other Department will opt these c ourses s ubject to f ulfilling o f e ligibility of c riteria a s la id d own by th e D epartment offering the course.

(vii) ‘Credit’ means the value assigned to a course which indicates the level of instruction; One-hour lecture per week equals 1 Credit, 2 ho urs practical class per week equals 1 c redit. Credit for a practical could be proposed as part of a course or as a separate practical course.

(viii) ‘SGPA’ means Semester Grade Point Average calculated for individual semester.

(ix) ‘CGPA’ is Cumulative Grade Points Average calculated for all courses completed by the students at any point of time. CGPA is calculated each year for both the semesters clubbed together.

(x) ‘Grand CGPA’ is calculated in the last year of the course by clubbing together of CGPA of two years, i.e., four semesters. Grand CGPA is being given in Transcript form. To benefit


40

the s tudent a f ormula f or c onversation of G rand C GPA i nto % age m arks i s g iven i n t he Transcript.

III. LL.M. Programme Details: Programme Objectives (POs):

The LL.M. Programme is aimed at:

• Familiarising s tudents w ith la ws a nd ju dicial in terpretations a t th e national a nd international level and a comparative study of the same.

• Apprising students of the legal system, rule of law, and administration of justice. • Imparting professionally and socially relevant legal education. • Sensitising s tudents towards t he i ssues of a ccess t o j ustice of t he

deprived, marginalised and weaker sections of society.

• Producing i nternationally competent litigating l awyers, c orporate la wyers, ju dges, judicial officers, legal officers, researchers, law reformers, law teachers, etc.

• Imparting skills of legal reasoning, problem solving, research, legal writing, oral and written communication, persuasion, leadership and teamwork.

• Promoting ethical practices in the profession of law. • Promoting inter-disciplinary approach to legal profession.

Programme Specific Outcomes (PSOs):

At the end of the LL.M. course, the students will be able to:

• Do legal research. • Understand, interpret, and apply law. • Evaluate and compare domestic and international laws. • Design, and formulate case theory and strategy. • Analyze and differentiate facts and law. • Solve problems by employing legal reasoning, research. • Choose et hical p ractices i n t he pr ofession of l aw a nd di scharge t heir s ocial

responsibility.

Programme Structure:

The LL.M. programme is a two-year course divided into four-semester. A student is required to complete 82 credits for the completion of course and the award of degree.

Semester Semester Part – I First Year Semester I Semester II Part – II Second Year Semester III Semester IV


41

Course Credit Scheme

* For each Core and Elective Course there will be 4 hours of teaching per week.

* Duration of examination of each paper shall be 3 hours. * Each paper will be of 100 marks out of which 80 marks shall be allocated for semester

examination and 20 marks for internal assessment.

Semester Core Courses Elective Course Open Elective Course Total Credits

No. of papers

Credits

(L+T/P)

Total Credits

No. of papers

Credits

(L+T/P)

Total Credits

No. of papers

Credits

(L+T/P)

Total

Credits

I 02 06 12 02 06 12 00 00 00 24

II 01 06 06 03 06 18 00 00 00 24

III 00 00 00 03 06 18 00 00 00 18

IV Dissertation (16) 16

Total Credits for the Course

82

Semester I/II/III/IV (individually for each semester)


42

Number of core courses Credits in each core course

Course Theory+ Term

Paper/Class Presentation

(4+2)

Tutorial Credits

Semester I

2YLM-CC-101 Comparative Constitution Law and Governance

6 0 6

2YLM-CC 102 Legal an d S ocial Science R esearch Methods

6 0 6

Semester II

2YLM-CC-201 Law a nd J ustice i n a Global World

6 0 6

Semester IV

Dissertation 16 0 16

Total credits in core courses 34

Number of elective courses offered

Number of Elective Courses Opted

Credits in each Elective Course

(Semester I) 8 2 6

(Semester II) 10 3 6

(Semester III) 7 3 6

Credits in each elective course Theory+ Term Paper/Class Presentation

(4+2)

Credits

Semester I

2YLM-EC-103 Law of International 6 6


43

Organizations a nd Human Rights

2YLM-EC-108 Corporate Management an d Social Responsibility

6 6

2YLM-EC-109 Intellectual a nd Industrial P roperty Laws-I

6 6

2YLM-EC-111 Comparative L abour and Wage Law

6 6

2YLM-EC-113 Criminal J ustice a nd Human Rights

6 6

2YLM-EC-114 Comparative Law o f Marriage, D ivorce and Civil Code

6 6

2YLM-EC-116 Law of W omen a nd Child Right

6 6

2YLM-EC-117 Administrative L aw and R egulatory Mechanisms

6 6

Semester II

2YLM-EC-202 Administrative Action a nd J udicial Review

6 6

2YLM-EC-204 Law of Corporate Finance and Securities Regulation

6 6

2YLM-EC-206 Intellectual and Industrial Property Laws-II

6 6

2YLM-EC-207 Insurance Law an d Banking (New)

6 6

2YLM-EC-208 Cyber and Information Technology Law

6 6


44

Semester wise Details of LL.M. Course

(New)

2YLM-EC-209 Corporate and White Collar Crimes

6 6

2YLM-EC-210 Law of Torts and Disaster

Management

6 6

2YLM-EC-211 Law, M edia a nd Censorship

6 6

2YLM-EC-203 Law of Air and Space

6 6

2YLM-EC-205 Competition a nd Consumer Protection Law

6 6

Semester III

2YLM-EC-104 Interpretation a nd Drafting o f T reaties and Legislations

6 6

2YLM-EC-105 International Economic L aw, Trade an d Diplomacy

6 6

2YLM-EC-106 Environmental Law

6 6

2YLM-EC-107 Law of the Sea 6 6

2YLM-EC-110 Tax Policies and Tax Reforms

6 6

2YLM-EC-112 Criminology a nd Criminal J ustice Administration

6 6

2YLM-EC-115 Laws of Inheritance and Succession

6 6

Total credits in Elective Courses (8 Elective Courses *6Credits) = 48


45

S.No. Paper No. Subject Name I TERM

1 2YLM-CC-101 Comparative Constitution Law and Governance 2 2YLM-CC-102 Legal and Social Science Research Methods 3 2YLM-EC-103 Law of International Organizations and Human Rights 4 2YLM-EC-108 Corporate Management and Social Responsibility 5 2YLM-EC-109 Intellectual and Industrial Property Laws-I 6 2YLM-EC-111 Comparative Labour and Wage Law 7 2YLM-EC-113 Criminal Justice and Human Rights 8 2YLM-EC-114 Comparative Law of Marriage, Divorce and Civil Code 9 2YLM-EC-116 Law of Women and Child Right 10 2YLM-EC-117 Administrative Law and Regulatory Mechanisms

II TERM 1 2YLM-CC-201 Law and Justice in a Global World 2 2YLM-EC-202 Administrative Action and Judicial Review 3 2YLM-EC-204 Law of Corporate Finance and Securities Regulation 4 2YLM-EC-206 Intellectual and Industrial Property Laws-II 5 2YLM-EC-207 Insurance Law and Banking (New) 6 2YLM-EC-208 Cyber and Information Technology Law (New) 7 2YLM-EC-209 Corporate and White Collar Crimes 8 2YLM-EC-210 Law of Torts and Disaster Management 9 2YLM-EC-211 Law, Media and Censorship 10 2YLM-EC-203 Law of Air and Space 11 2YLM-EC-205 Competition and Consumer Protection Law

III TERM 1 2YLM-EC-104 Interpretation and Drafting of Treaties and Legislations 2 2YLM-EC-105 International Economic Law, Trade and Diplomacy 3 2YLM-EC-106 Environmental Law 4 2YLM-EC-107 Law of the Sea 5 2YLM-EC-110 Tax Policies and Tax Reforms 6 2YLM-EC-112 Criminology and Criminal Justice Administration 7 2YLM-EC-115 Laws of Inheritance and Succession

IV TERM Dissertation

Selection of Elective Courses: The LL.M (2 Year) course is divided into total four semesters. The Elective Courses shall be offered in the Semester I, II and III. The number of elective courses offered in Semester I is eight, Semester II is ten, Semester III is seven out of which the students will have to choose two, three and three respectively having 6 c redits each. An Elective Course shall be taught only if minimum five students opt to study the course.


46

Teaching: • The pr imary m ode of t eaching i n Law F aculty for LL.M. c ontinues t o be Lectures

and Presentations. Use of multi-media has become common place in the teaching of LL.M. in the Faculty of Law, University of Delhi with the introduction of technology in the classrooms.

• For internal assessment, one term paper has to be submitted and presented in the class in each course in each term.

• Use o f an y t ricks t o s ubvert p lagiarism ch eck o f d issertation w ill amount to u se o f unfair m eans and t he s ame s hall b e r eported t o ex amination b ranch f or n ecessary action.

• Penalties in case of plagiarism in submission of dissertation: Level 0: Similarities up to 10%- Minor similarities, no penalty. Level 1 : Similarities a bove 1 0% to 4 0%- Such s tudent s hall be a sked to s ubmit a revised script within a stipulated time period not exceeding 6 months. Level 2 : S imilarities a bove 4 0% to 6 0%- Such s tudent s hall be d ebarred f rom submitting a revised script for a period of one year. Level 3: Similarities above 60%- Such student registration for that programme shall be cancelled. Note 1 : P enalty o n r epeated p lagiarism- Such s tudent s hall be puni shed f or t he plagiarism of one level higher than the previous level committed by him/her. In case where plagiarism of highest level is committed then the punishment for the same shall be operative. Note 2 : P enalty i s cas e w here t he d egree/credit h as al ready b een o btained- if plagiarism is proved on a date later than the date of award of degree or credit as the case may be then his/her credit shall be put in abeyance for a period recommended by the IAIP and approved by the Head of the Institution.

• The di ssertation i n I V s emester a nd V I s emester of LL.M. ( 2 Y ear) a nd LL.M. ( 3 Year) respectively shall be for 200 m arks: 150 marks for dissertation evaluation and 50 marks for viva voce examination.

• Prior t o s ubmission of t he di ssertation, t he s tudents s hall m ake a pr e-submission presentation in the department before the LL.M. Committee, which shall also be open to all faculty members and other students. The feedback and comments obtained from them m ay b e s uitably i ncorporated i n t he dr aft di ssertation i n c onsultation w ith t he supervisor.

• The dissertation should be evaluated only by external examiner. • The viva-voce examination, based among other t hings, on t he critiques given in the

evaluation r eport, s hall be c onducted b y bot h t he s upervisor a nd E xternal e xaminer together, and shall be open to all faculty members of the Department, other students and other interested experts/researchers.

• The s tudents pur suing LL.M. 2 year/3 year c ourses s hall s ubmit s ynopsis f or dissertation in the 3rd/5th semester respectively, by the 15th October. The supervisors may be appointed by the 15 th November af ter successful defence of the synopsis by the candidate through an interview before a panel appointed by the LL.M. Committee.

• The students shall submit the dissertation on or before 30th April and upto 30th June with t he pe rmission of D ean, Faculty of Law, a s a r egular s tudent. In case t he dissertation is not submitted by 30th June, the student will have to register as an ex-student in accordance with the provisions of the Ordinance relating to ex-students of


47

the University. • As an ex-students, a student may submit the dissertation as follows:

i. Last week of October, ii. Last week of January, iii. Last week of April and, with the permission of the Dean, last week of June of the year: Provided that such of the s tudents who register t hemselves as ex-students e ither fo r submission of dissertation or for clearing any of the papers may be given the degree of t he ac ademic year in w hich t hey clear al l t he r equirements o f the LL.M. examination. Note: (a) In a case where a student fails to obtain the minimum of 50% marks in the dissertation submitted by him/her, he/she shall be permitted to revise and resubmit the dissertation on the same or on a fresh topic, to be approved by the Faculty of Law, if he/she so desires. Further, i f t he s tudent d esires t o r evise a nd resubmit th e D issertation o n th e s ame topic, extracts from the report of the examiner as to the defects in the Dissertation be made available to the student to enable him/her to revise and re-submit the same.

• The dissertation must have the PLAGIARISM CHECK CERTIFICATE duly s igned by the Librarian of the Faculty of Law and the Supervisor.

• Supervisor for dissertations: Any regular professor of the department with at least five research p ublications i n r efereed j ournals an d an y r egular A ssociate/Assistant Professor of the department with a Ph.D. degree and at least two research publications in r efereed j ournals m ay be r ecognized a s a S upervisor. P rovided t hat i n areas/disciplines “where t here i s no/ a l imited num ber of r efereed j ournals, LL.M. Committee ma y relax th e above c ondition f or r ecognition of a pe rson a s R esearch Supervisor with reasons recorded in writing.” Only a f ull-time r egular t eacher o f D epartment can act as a S upervisor. E xternal supervisors a re not a llowed. H owever, c o-supervisor c an be a ppointed i n i nter-disciplinary areas from other Department of the University or other related institutions with the approval of the LL.M. Committee. An eligible faculty member would ordinarily be allotted only one LL.M. student for dissertation s upervision. In e xceptional ci rcumstances, w here n o s ubject ex pert i s available, more than one but not exceeding three students may be allotted to a faculty member.

Eligibility for Admissions: • LL.M. is for Indian students. • LL.M. (Two Year) is a full time course and students seeking admission in this course

are required to file an affidavit stating that they are not engaged in any trade, business, occupation, profession, or employment and will be s tudying the course on full t ime basis as per rules contained in the Delhi University Ordinances. LL.M. (Three year) course is open to working persons also.

• The admissions to Master of Laws (Two and Three year program) are made strictly on the basis of merit in the LL.M. Entrance Test. The Entrance Test shall be of two hours duration. The Test Paper will consist of one question paper containing 100 objective-type questions with multiple choice answers relating to Constitutional Law of India,


48

Jurisprudence, Law of Contracts, Sale of Goods, Law of Torts, Consumer Protection, Criminal L aw, F amily L aw, Public I nternational L aw, I ntellectual Property Law, Cyber L aw, Environment Law, C ompany Law a nd P artnership. In addition a f ew questions may address contemporary legal issues. The language of the Entrance Test shall be English. Each question shall carry four marks. For every correct answer, four marks will be awarded and for every incorrect answer, one mark will be deducted. No mark w ill be a warded or de ducted f or a qu estion w hich i s l eft una nswered. T he general instructions to the candidates will be supplied on the University website.

• A Three year/Five year L L.B. D egree from t he U niversity of D elhi o r a ny ot her Indian or Foreign University r ecognized as equivalent b y the University of Delhi i s the qualifying degree for appearing in the LL.M. Entrance Test. Candidates appearing in the qualifying degree examination are also eligible to appear in the LL.M. Entrance Test.

• No candidate on the rolls of LL.M. or ex-student of any University shall be allowed to take admission in the LL.M. course unless they get their admission cancelled.

• For Unreserved and EWS C ategory candidates a t l east 50% marks or an equivalent grade point in the aggregate in the qualifying degree examination.

• For SC/ST/OBC/CW/PwD Category Candidates at least 45% marks or an equivalent grade point in the aggregate in the qualifying degree Examination.

• Rounding of a fraction of marks is not allowed.

Assessment of Students’ Performance and Scheme of Examinations: 1. English shall be the medium of instruction and examination. 2. Assessment of s tudents’ pe rformance s hall c onsist of : 80 m arks ( End S emester

Written Examination) and 20 marks (Internal Assessment). 3. The duration of the End Semester Written Examination in Core Courses and Elective

Courses s hall be t hree hour s f or 80 m arks. E ach Q uestion P aper w ill ha ve s ix questions of 20 marks each. The student shall be required to answer four questions.

4. For internal assessment, one term paper has to be submitted and presented in the class in each course in each term.

5. Use o f any t ricks to s ubvert p lagiarism check o f d issertation w ill amount to u se o f unfair m eans and t he s ame s hall b e r eported t o ex amination b ranch f or n ecessary action.

6. Penalties in case of plagiarism in submission of dissertation: Level 0: Similarities up to 10%- Minor similarities, no penalty. Level 1 : S imilarities a bove 1 0% to 4 0%- Such s tudent s hall be a sked to s ubmit a revised script within a stipulated time period not exceeding 6 months. Level 2 : Similarities a bove 40% t o 60% - Such s tudent s hall be d ebarred f rom submitting a revised script for a period of one year. Level 3: Similarities above 60%- Such student registration for that programme shall be cancelled. Note 1 : P enalty o n r epeated p lagiarism- Such s tudent s hall be puni shed f or t he plagiarism of one level higher than the previous level committed by him/her. In case where plagiarism of highest level is committed then the punishment for the same shall be operative. Note 2 : P enalty i s cas e w here t he d egree/credit h as al ready b een o btained- if


49

plagiarism is proved on a date later than the date of award of degree or credit as the case may be then his/her credit shall be put in abeyance for a period recommended by the IAIP and approved by the Head of the Institution.

7. The di ssertation i n I V s emester a nd V I s emester of LL.M. ( 2 Y ear) a nd LL.M. ( 3 Year) respectively shall be for 200 m arks: 150 marks for dissertation evaluation and 50 marks for viva voce examination.

8. Prior t o s ubmission of t he di ssertation, t he s tudents s hall m ake a pr e-submission presentation in the department before the LL.M. Committee, which shall also be open to all faculty members and other students. The feedback and comments obtained from them m ay b e s uitably i ncorporated i n t he dr aft d issertation in consultation w ith th e supervisor.

9. The dissertation should be evaluated only by external examiner. 10. The viva-voce examination, based among other t hings, on t he critiques given in the

evaluation r eport, s hall be c onducted b y bot h t he s upervisor an d E xternal ex aminer together, and shall be open to all faculty members of the Department, other students and other interested experts/researchers.

11. The s tudents pur suing LL.M. 2 year/3 year c ourses s hall s ubmit s ynopsis f or dissertation in the 3rd/5th semester respectively, by the 15th October. The supervisors may be appointed by the 15 th November af ter successful defence of the synopsis by the candidate through an interview before a panel appointed by the LL.M. Committee.

12. The students shall submit the dissertation on or before 30th April and upto 30th June with t he pe rmission of D ean, Faculty of Law, a s a r egular s tudent. In case t he dissertation is not submitted by 30th June, the student will have to register as an ex-student in accordance with the provisions of the Ordinance relating to ex-students of the University.

13. As an ex-students, a student may submit the dissertation as follows: i. Last week of October, ii. Last week of January, iii. Last week of April and, with the permission of the Dean, last week of June of the year: Provided that such of the s tudents who register t hemselves as ex-students e ither for submission of dissertation or for clearing any of the papers may be given the degree of t he ac ademic year in w hich t hey clear al l t he r equirements of t he L L.M. examination. Note: (a) In a case where a student fails to obtain the minimum of 50% marks in the dissertation submitted by him/her, he/she shall be permitted to revise and resubmit the dissertation on the same or on a fresh topic, to be approved by the Faculty of Law, if he/she so desires. Further, i f t he s tudent d esires t o r evise a nd resubmit t he D issertation on t he s ame topic, extracts from the report of the examiner as to the defects in the Dissertation he made available to the student to enable him/her to revise and re-submit the same.

14. The dissertation must have the PLAGIARISM CHECK CERTIFICATE duly s igned by the Librarian of the Faculty of Law and the Supervisor.

Pass Percentage & Promotion Criteria/ Part I to Part II Progression: • In order to be eligible for LL.M. Degree, a student must have passed (i.e. secured 50%


50

marks) i n e ach of t he c ourses of fered b y him/her a nd i n a ddition he /she m ust ha ve secured at least 50% marks in the Dissertation.

Promotion Rules: (i) No student shall be promoted to the next Term, if he/she has been detained in

the examination for shortage of a ttendance and/or non-submission of written paper in all the courses offered by him/her for class discussion and had failed to get certificate from the teacher teaching the course.

(ii) Subject to sub-rule(i) above, a student of LL.M. First or Third Term of Two-Year course s hall be e ligible f or pr omotion t o S econd or F ourth T erm, respectively irrespective of the number of courses in which he/she has failed to pass or failed to appear in the First or Third Term examinations.

(iii) Subject t o s ub-rules ( i) and ( ii) above, a s tudent of LL.M. S econd T erm i n Two-Year course shall be eligible for promotion to Third Term if he/she has passed i n at l east f our p apers o f First and S econd T erm examinations t aken together.

(iv) Subject to sub-rule (i) above, a student of LL.M. First, Third or Fifth Term of Three- Year course shall be eligible for promotion to Second, Fourth or Sixth Term, respectively irrespective of the number of courses in which he/she has failed to p ass o r f ailed to a ppear in th e F irst, T hird o r F ifth T erm Examinations.

(v) Subject t o s ub-rules ( i) a nd ( iv) a bove, a s tudent of LL.M. S econd T erm i n Three-Year course shall be eligible for promotion to Third Term if he/she has passed in a t l east three papers o f F irst and Second Term examinations taken together and a student of Fourth Term shall be eligible for promotion to Fifth Term if he/she has passed in at least four papers of First, Second, Third and Fourth Term examinations taken together.

(vi) Subject to above sub-rules, a student may be permitted to submit Dissertation at the end of Fourth Term in case of two-year course, or Sixth Term in case of three-year course, on a topic approved by the Faculty of Law irrespective of number of courses which he/she has failed to pass or failed to appear in the examination.

Note: The students eligible for admission to III/V Term must seek admission not later than two weeks from the date(s) of announcement of the results of LL.M. II/IV Term annual examinations or within one week of commencement of teaching, whichever is later, failing which they will forfeit their right to be admitted to III/V Term.

Re-admission Rules: (i) There s hall b e n o r e-admission i n t he LL.M. F irst T erm unde r a ny

circumstances including detention of a s tudent for s hortage of a ttendance i n that Term and/or non submission of written paper in all the courses offered by him/her f or c lass d iscussion a nd f ailure to g et c ertificate f rom th e te acher teaching the course.

(ii) A s tudent w ho ha s be en de tained f or s hortage of a ttendance or ot herwise i n Second, Third, Fourth or Fifth Term shall be eligible for re-admission in the Term i n w hich he /she ha d be en de tained pr ovided ( a) he /she s eeks r e-admission within the date prescribed by the Dean, Faculty of Law which will not be later than one week from commencement of teaching in that Term; (b) his/her conduct has been satisfactory; and (c) he/she shows sufficient cause to


51

the s atisfaction of t he Dean, Faculty of Law f or hi s/her di scontinuance of studies or for not having put in the requisite percentage of attendance and/or non-submission of written paper in all the courses offered by him/her for class discussion and failure to get certificate from the teacher teaching the course.

(iii) An a pplicant w ho h as f ailed in e xamination o r f ailed to a ppear at th e examination and who is otherwise eligible to appear at the examination as an ex-student, s hall not be admitted a s a regular s tudent. In e xceptional c ases, however, where such an applicant is a foreigner, studying under the Cultural Scholarship S cheme of the G overnment of India, e tc. r e-admission m ay be allowed.

Conversion of Marks into Grades:

(specify the formula for conversion of marks into grades)

Grade Points: Grade point table as per University Examination rule

CGPA Calculation: As per University Examination rule.

SGPA Calculation:

Grand SGPA Calculation: Conversion of Grand CGPA into Marks

As notified by competent authority the formula for conversion of Grand CGPA into marks is: Final %age of marks = CGPA based on all four semesters × 9.5

Division of Degree into Classes: Post Graduate degree to be classified based on CGPA obtained into various classes as notified into Examination policy.

Attendance Requirement:

No student shall be deemed to have pursued a regular course of study for the LL.M. Degree examination unless:

(i) He/she h as a ttended a minimum o f tw o-thirds of t he t otal num ber of l ectures delivered in the Term in which he/she has been admitted as a regular student; and

(ii) He/she ha s s ubmitted term p aper f or cl ass p resentation i n each co urse and t he teacher teaching the course i s satisfied with the paper and i ts presentation in the class.

(iii) All students must submit a hard copy and soft copy of their term paper and class presentation before the end of the semester in the Office of the Dean, Faculty of Law, DU.

(iv) No students will be promoted to the next term, if he/she was detained for shortage of at tendance an d/or n on-submission of t erm pa pers i n all t he c ourses a nd presentations in the class and failed to get certificate from the teacher, teaching the


52

subject.

Note: (1) The term ‘lectures’ will include lectures, class presentations and discussion classes.

(2) In determining the exact number of the minimum requisite attendance, i.e., two thirds of lectures and discussion classes, fractions shall be ignored.

No s tudent s hall be pe rmitted t o a ppear i n t he examination of a ny T erm unl ess he/she has submitted termpaper and presented the term paper in each of the courses of t he T erm f or class d iscussion a nd the t eacher t eaching each co urse i ssues a certificate th at th e te rm paper a nd its p resentation b y th e s tudent w as to h is/her satisfaction.

Provided t hat t his r equirement s hall not be a pplicable t o t he c ompulsory Foundation Course in ‘Legal and Social Science Research Methods’.

Provided further that the Dean may, in his discretion, exempt a student of the above requirement in exceptional cases of hardship.

Span Period: No s tudent s hall be a dmitted a s a c andidate f or t he e xamination f or a ny of t he Parts/Semesters after the lapse of fiveyears from the date of admission to the Part-I/Semester-I of the LL.M. (2 Year) Programme. Guidelines for the Award of Internal Assessment Marks LL.M. Programme (Semester Wise) For internal assessment, one term paper has to be submitted and presented in the class in each course in each term.


53

UNIVERSITY OF DELHI MASTER OF LAWS (3 Year)

LL.M. (3 Year) (Effective from Academic Year ……..)

PROGRAMME BROCHURE




54

II. Introduction to CBCS (Choice Based Credit System)

Choice Based Credit System:

The C BCS pr ovides a n oppor tunity for t he s tudents t o c hoose courses f rom t he p rescribed courses comprising core, elective/minor or skill-based courses. The courses can be evaluated following the grading system, which is considered to be better than the conventional marks system. G rading s ystem pr ovides uni formity i n t he e valuation a nd c omputation of t he Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) based on s tudent’s performance in examinations which enables the s tudent to move across institutions of higher learning. The uniformity in evaluation s ystem also e nable t he pot ential e mployers in assessing th e p erformance o f th e candidates.

Definitions:

(i) ‘ Academic P rogramme’ me ans an e ntire course o f s tudy c omprising its p rogramme structure, c ourse de tails, e valuation s chemes e tc. de signed t o be t aught a nd e valuated i n a teaching Department/Centre or jointly under more than one such Department/ Centre.

(ii) ‘Course’ means a segment of a subject that is part of an Academic Programme.

(iii) ‘ Programme S tructure’ m eans a l ist o f co urses ( Core, E lective, Open E lective) t hat makes u p an A cademic P rogramme, s pecifying t he s yllabus, C redits, hour s of t eaching, evaluation a nd e xamination s chemes, m inimum number of c redits r equired f or s uccessful completion of t he pr ogramme e tc. pr epared i n c onformity t o U niversity R ules, e ligibility criteria for admission.

(iv) ‘Core Course’ means a course t hat a s tudent admitted t o a pa rticular programme must successfully c omplete t o r eceive t he d egree a nd which c annot be s ubstituted b y a ny ot her course.

(v) ‘Elective Course’ means an optional course to be selected by a student out of such courses offered in the same or any other Department/Centre.

(vi) ‘ Open E lective’ m eans an el ective co urse w hich i s av ailable f or s tudents o f all programmes, including s tudents of same department. Students of other Department will opt these c ourses s ubject to f ulfilling o f e ligibility of c riteria a s la id d own by th e D epartment offering the course.

(vii) ‘Credit’ means the value assigned to a course which indicates the level of instruction; One-hour lecture per week equals 1 Credit, 2 ho urs practical class per week equals 1 c redit. Credit for a practical could be proposed as part of a course or as a separate practical course

(viii) ‘SGPA’ means Semester Grade Point Average calculated for individual semester.

(ix) ‘CGPA’ is Cumulative Grade Points Average calculated for all courses completed by the students at any point of time. CGPA is calculated each year for both the semesters clubbed together.


55

(x) ‘Grand CGPA’ is calculated in the last year of the course by clubbing together of CGPA of three years, i.e., six semesters. Grand CGPA is being given in Transcript form. To benefit the s tudent a f ormula f or c onversation of G rand C GPA i nto % age m arks i s g iven i n t he Transcript.

III. LL.M. Programme Details:

Programme Objectives (POs):

The LL.M. Programme is aimed at:

• Familiarising s tudents w ith la ws a nd ju dicial in terpretations a t th e national a nd international level and a comparative study of the same.

• Apprising students of the legal system, rule of law, and administration of justice. • Imparting professionally and socially relevant legal education. • Sensitising s tudents towards t he i ssues of a ccess t o j ustice of t he

deprived, marginalised and weaker sections of society.

• Producing i nternationally competent litigating l awyers, c orporate la wyers, ju dges, judicial officers, legal officers, researchers, law reformers, law teachers, etc.

• Imparting skills of legal reasoning, problem solving, research, legal writing, oral and written communication, persuasion, leadership and teamwork.

• Promoting ethical practices in the profession of law. • Promoting inter-disciplinary approach to legal profession.

Programme Specific Outcomes (PSOs):

At the end of the LL.M. course, the students will be able to:

• Do legal research. • Understand, interpret, and apply law. • Evaluate and compare domestic and international laws. • Design, and formulate case theory and strategy. • Analyze and differentiate facts and law. • Solve problems by employing legal reasoning, research. • Choose e thical pr actices i n t he p rofession o f l aw an d d ischarge t heir s ocial

responsibility.

Programme Structure:

The LL.M. ( 3 year) pr ogramme i s di vided i nto s ix-semester. A s tudent i s r equired t o complete 82 credits for the completion of course and the award of degree.

Semester Semester


56

Part – I First Year Semester I Semester II Part – II Second Year Semester III Semester IV Part – III Third Year Semester V Semester VI

Course Credit Scheme * For each Core and Elective Course there will be 4 hours of teaching per week. * Duration of examination of each paper shall be 3 hours. * Each paper will be of 100 marks out of which 80 marks shall be allocated for semester

examination and 20 marks for internal assessment.

Semester Core Courses Elective Course Open Elective Course Total Credits

No. of papers

Credits

(L+T/P)

Total Credits

No. of papers

Credits

(L+T/P)

Total Credits

No. of papers

Credits

(L+T/P)

Total

Credits

I 02 06 12 01 06 06 00 00 00 18

II 01 06 06 01 06 06 00 00 00 12

III 00 00 00 02 06 12 00 00 00 12

IV 00 00 00 02 06 12 00 00 00 12

V 00 00 00 02 06 12 00 00 00 12

VI Dissertation (16) 16

Total Credits for the Course

82


57

Semester I/II/III/IV/V/VI (individually for each semester)

Number of core courses Credits in each core course

Course Theory+ Term

Paper/Class Presentation

(4+2)

Tutorial Credits

Semester I

3YLM-CC-101 Comparative Constitution L aw a nd Governance

6 0 6

3YLM-CC-102 Legal an d S ocial Science R esearch Methods

6 0 6

Semester II

3YLM-CC-201 Law an d J ustice i n a Global World

6 0 6

Semester VI

Dissertation 16 0 16

Total credits in core courses 34

Number of elective courses offered

Number of Elective Courses Opted

Credits in each Elective Course

(Semester I) 5 1 6 (Semester II) 5 1 6 (Semester III) 5 2 6 (Semester IV) 5 2 6 (Semester V) 5 2 6 Credits in each elective course Theory+ Term

Paper/Class Presentations

(4+2)

Credits

Semester I 3YLM-EC-103 Law of International

Organization a nd Human Rights

6 6

3YLM-EC-109 Intellectual a nd Industrial P roperty Laws-I

6 6


58

3YLM-EC-111 Comparative L abour and Wage Law

6 6

3YLM-EC-116 Law of W omen a nd Child Right.

6 6

3YLM-EC-117 Administrative L aw and R egulatory Mechanisms

6 6

Semester II 3YLM-EC-206 Intellectual and

Industrial Property Laws-II

6 6

3YLM-EC-207 Insurance Law an d Banking (New)

6 6

3YLM-EC-208 Cyber and Information Technology Law (New)

6 6

3YLM-EC-209 Corporate and White Collar Crimes

6 6

3YLM-EC-210 Law of Torts and Disaster

Management

6 6

Semester III 3YLM-EC-104 Interpretation a nd

Drafting o f T reaties and Legislations

6 6

3YLM-EC-106 Environmental Law 6 6 3YLM-EC-110 Tax Policies and Tax

Reforms 6 6

3YLM-EC-112 Criminology a nd Criminal J ustice Administration

6 6

3YLM-EC-115 Laws of Inheritance and Succession

6 6

Semester IV 3YLM-EC-202 Administrative

Action and Judicial Review

6 6

3YLM-EC-204 Law of Corporate Finance and Securities Regulation

6 6

3YLM-EC-203 Law of Air and Space

6 6

3YLM-EC-205 Competition and Consumer Protection Law

6 6

3YLM-EC-211 Law, Media and Censorship.

6 6


59

Semester wise Details of LL.M. Course S.No. Paper No. Subject Name

I TERM 1 3YLM-CC-101 Comparative Constitution Law and Governance 2 3YLM-CC-102 Legal and Social Science Research Methods 3 3YLM-EC-103 Law of International Organization and Human Rights 4 3YLM-EC-109 Intellectual and Industrial Property Laws-I 5 3YLM-EC-111 Comparative Labour and Wage Law 6 3YLM-EC-116 Law of Women and Child Right 7 3YLM-EC-117 Administrative Law and Regulatory Mechanisms

II TERM 1 3YLM-CC-201 Law and Justice in a Global World 2 3YLM-EC-206 Intellectual and Industrial Property Laws-II 3 3YLM-EC-207 Insurance Law and Banking (New) 4 3YLM-EC-208 Cyber and Information Technology Law (New) 5 3YLM-EC-209 Corporate and White Collar Crimes 6 3YLM-EC-210 Law of Torts and Disaster Management

III TERM 1 3YLM-EC-104 Interpretation and Drafting of Treaties and Legislations 2 3YLM-EC-106 Environmental Law 3 3YLM-EC-110 Tax Policies and Tax Reforms 4 3YLM-EC-112 Criminology and Criminal Justice Administration 5 3YLM-EC-115 Laws of Inheritance and Succession

IV TERM 1 3YLM-EC-202 Administrative Action and Judicial Review 2 3YLM-EC-204 Law of Corporate Finance and Securities Regulation 3 3YLM-EC-203 Law of Air and Space 4 3YLM-EC-205 Competition and Consumer Protection Law 5 3YLM-EC-211 Law, Media and Censorship.

V TERM 1 3YLM-EC-105 International Economic Law, Trade & Diplomacy 2 3YLM-EC-107 Law of the Sea 3 3YLM-EC-108 Corporate Management and Social Responsibility 4 3YLM-EC-113 Criminal Justice and Human Rights 5 3YLM-EC-114 Comparative Law of Marriage, Divorce and Civil Code

Semester V 3YLM-EC-105 International

Economic Law, Trade & Diplomacy

6 6

3YLM-EC-107 Law of the Sea 6 6 3YLM-EC-108 Corporate

Management and Social Responsibility

6 6

3YLM-EC-113 Criminal J ustice a nd Human Rights

6 6

3YLM-EC-114 Comparative Law of Marriage, Divorce and Civil Code

6 6

Total credits in Elective Courses (8 Elective Courses *6 Credits) = 48


60

VI TERM Dissertation

Selection of Elective Courses: The LL.M. (3 Year) course is divided into total six semesters. The Elective Courses shall be offered i n t he S emester I, II, III, IV a nd V . T he num ber of e lective courses of fered i n Semester I is five, Semester II is five, Semester III is five, Semester IV is five and Semester V i s f ive out of w hich t he s tudents w ill ha ve t o c hoose one , on e, t wo, t wo a nd t wo respectively having 6 c redits each. An Elective Course shall be taught only if minimum five students opt to study the course.

Teaching: • The pr imary m ode of t eaching i n Law F aculty for LL.M. c ontinues t o be Lectures

and Presentations. Use of multi-media has become common place in the teaching of LL.M. in the Faculty of Law, University of Delhi with the introduction of technology in the classrooms.

• For internal assessment, one term paper has to be submitted and presented in the class in each course in each term.

• Use o f any t ricks to s ubvert p lagiarism check o f d issertation w ill amount to u se o f unfair m eans and the s ame s hall b e r eported t o ex amination b ranch f or n ecessary action.

• Penalties in case of plagiarism in submission of dissertation: Level 0: Similarities up to 10%- Minor similarities, no penalty. Level 1 : S imilarities a bove 1 0% to 4 0%- Such s tudent s hall be a sked to s ubmit a revised script within a stipulated time period not exceeding 6 months. Level 2 : S imilarities a bove 4 0% to 6 0%- Such s tudent s hall be d ebarred f rom submitting a revised script for a period of one year. Level 3: Similarities above 60%- Such student registration for that programme shall be cancelled. Note 1 : P enalty o n r epeated p lagiarism- Such s tudent s hall be puni shed f or t he plagiarism of one level higher than the previous level committed by him/her. In case where plagiarism of highest level is committed then the punishment for the same shall be operative. Note 2 : P enalty i s cas e w here t he d egree/credit h as al ready b een o btained- if plagiarism is proved on a date later than the date of award of degree or credit as the case may be then his/her credit shall be put in abeyance for a period recommended by the IAIP and approved by the Head of the Institution.

• The di ssertation i n I V s emester a nd V I s emester of LL.M. ( 2 Y ear) a nd LL.M. ( 3 Year) respectively shall be for 200 m arks: 150 marks for dissertation evaluation and 50 marks for viva voce examination.

• Prior t o s ubmission of t he di ssertation, t he s tudents s hall m ake a pr e-submission presentation in the department before the LL.M. Committee, which shall also be open to all faculty members and other students. The feedback and comments obtained from them m ay b e s uitably i ncorporated i n t he dr aft di ssertation i n c onsultation w ith t he supervisor.

• The dissertation should be evaluated only by external examiner. • The viva-voce examination, based among other t hings, on t he critiques given in the


61


• The s tudents pur suing LL.M. 2 year/3 year c ourses s hall s ubmit s ynopsis f or dissertation in the 3rd/5th semester respectively, by the 15th October. The supervisors may be appointed by the 15 th November af ter successful defence of the synopsis by the candidate through an interview before a panel appointed by the LL.M. Committee.

• The students shall submit the dissertation on or before 30th April and upto 30th June with t he pe rmission of D ean, Faculty o f Law, as a r egular s tudent. In case t he dissertation is not submitted by 30th June, the student will have to register as an ex-student in accordance with the provisions of the Ordinance relating to ex-students of the University.

• As an ex-students, a student may submit the dissertation as follows: i. Last week of October, ii. Last week of January, iii. Last week of April and, with the permission of the Dean, last week of June of the year: Provided that such of the s tudents who register t hemselves as ex-students e ither for submission of dissertation or for clearing any of the papers may be given the degree of t he ac ademic year in w hich t hey clear al l t he r equirements o f the LL.M. examination. Note: (a) In a case where a s tudent fails to obtain the minimum of 50% marks in the dissertation submitted by him/her, he/she shall be permitted to revise and resubmit the dissertation on the same or on a fresh topic, to be approved by the Faculty of Law, if he/she so desires. Further, i f t he s tudent d esires t o r evise a nd resubmit t he D issertation on t he s ame topic, extracts from the report of the examiner as to the defects in the Dissertation be made available to the student to enable him/her to revise and re-submit the same.

• The dissertation must have the PLAGIARISM CHECK CERTIFICATE duly s igned by the Librarian of the Faculty of Law and the Supervisor.

• Supervisor for dissertations: Any regular professor of the department with at least five research p ublications i n r efereed j ournals an d an y r egular A ssociate/Assistant Professor of the department with a Ph.D. degree and at least two research publications in r efereed j ournals m ay be r ecognized a s a S upervisor. P rovided t hat i n areas/disciplines “where t here i s no/ a l imited num ber of r efereed j ournals, LL.M. Committee may relax t he a bove c ondition f or r ecognition of a pe rson a s R esearch Supervisor with reasons recorded in writing.” Only a f ull-time r egular t eacher o f D epartment can act as a S upervisor. E xternal supervisors a re not a llowed. H owever, c o-supervisor c an be appointed i n i nter-disciplinary areas from other Department of the University or other related institutions with the approval of the LL.M. Committee. An eligible faculty member would ordinarily be allotted only one LL.M. student for dissertation s upervision. In e xceptional c ircumstances, w here no s ubject e xpert i s available, more than one but not exceeding three students may be allotted to a faculty member.


62

Eligibility for Admissions:

• LL.M. is for Indian students. • LL.M. (Two Year) is a full time course and students seeking admission in this course

are required to file an affidavit stating that they are not engaged in any trade, business, occupation, profession, or employment and will be s tudying the course on full t ime basis as per rules contained in the Delhi University Ordinances. LL.M. (Three year) course is open to working persons also.

• The admissions to Master of Laws (Two and Three year program) are made strictly on the basis of merit in the LL.M. Entrance Test. The Entrance Test shall be of two hours duration. The Test Paper will consist of one question paper containing 100 objective-type questions with multiple choice answers relating to Constitutional Law of India, Jurisprudence, Law of Contracts, Sale of Goods, Law of Torts, Consumer Protection, Criminal L aw, F amily L aw, Public I nternational L aw, I ntellectual Property Law, Cyber Law, E nvironment Law, C ompany Law a nd P artnership. In addition a f ew questions may address contemporary legal issues. The language of the Entrance Test shall be English. Each question shall carry four marks. For every correct answer, four marks will be awarded and for every incorrect answer, one mark will be deducted. No mark w ill be a warded or de ducted f or a qu estion w hich i s l eft un answered. T he general instructions to the candidates will be supplied on the University website.

• A T hree year/Five year LL.B. Degree from t he U niversity o f D elhi o r an y o ther Indian or Foreign University r ecognized as equivalent b y the University of Delhi is the qualifying degree for appearing in the LL.M. Entrance Test. Candidates appearing in the qualifying degree examination are also eligible to appear in the LL.M. Entrance Test.

• No candidate on the rolls of LL.M. or ex-student of any University shall be allowed to take admission in the LL.M. course unless they get their admission cancelled.

• For Unreserved and EWS Category candidates a t l east 50% marks or an equivalent grade point in the aggregate in the qualifying degree examination.

• For SC/ST/OBC/CW/PwD Category Candidates at least 45% marks or an equivalent grade point in the aggregate in the qualifying degree Examination.

• Rounding of a fraction of marks is not allowed.

Assessment of Students’ Performance and Scheme of Examinations: 1. English shall be the medium of instruction and examination. 2. Assessment of s tudents’ pe rformance s hall c onsist of : 80 m arks ( End S emester

Written Examination) and 20 marks (Internal Assessment). 3. The duration of the End Semester Written Examination in Core Courses and Elective

Courses s hall be t hree hour s f or 80 m arks. E ach Q uestion P aper w ill ha ve s ix questions of 20 marks each. The student shall be required to answer four questions.

4. For internal assessment, one term paper has to be submitted and presented in the class in each course in each term.

5. Use o f any t ricks to s ubvert p lagiarism check o f d issertation w ill amount to u se o f


63

unfair m eans and t he s ame s hall b e r eported t o ex amination b ranch f or n ecessary action.

6. Penalties in case of plagiarism in submission of dissertation: Level 0: Similarities up to 10%- Minor similarities, no penalty. Level 1 : S imilarities a bove 1 0% to 4 0%- Such s tudent s hall be a sked to s ubmit a revised script within a stipulated time period not exceeding 6 months. Level 2 : S imilarities a bove 4 0% to 60% - Such s tudent s hall be d ebarred f rom submitting a revised script for a period of one year. Level 3: Similarities above 60%- Such student registration for that programme shall be cancelled. Note 1 : P enalty o n r epeated p lagiarism- Such s tudent s hall be puni shed f or t he plagiarism of one level higher than the previous level committed by him/her. In case where plagiarism of highest level is committed then the punishment for the same shall be operative. Note 2 : P enalty i s cas e w here t he d egree/credit h as already b een o btained- if plagiarism is proved on a date later than the date of award of degree or credit as the case may be then his/her credit shall be put in abeyance for a period recommended by the IAIP and approved by the Head of the Institution.

7. The dissertation i n I V s emester a nd V I s emester of LL.M. ( 2 Y ear) a nd LL.M. ( 3 Year) respectively shall be for 200 m arks: 150 marks for dissertation evaluation and 50 marks for viva voce examination.

8. Prior t o s ubmission of t he di ssertation, t he s tudents s hall make a p re-submission presentation in the department before the LL.M. Committee, which shall also be open to all faculty members and other students. The feedback and comments obtained from them m ay b e s uitably i ncorporated i n t he dr aft di ssertation i n c onsultation w ith th e supervisor.

9. The dissertation should be evaluated only by external examiner. 10. The viva-voce examination, based among other t hings, on t he critiques given in the


11. The s tudents pur suing LL.M. 2 year/3 year c ourses s hall s ubmit s ynopsis f or dissertation in the 3rd/5th semester respectively, by the 15th October. The supervisors may be appointed by the 15 th November af ter successful defence of the synopsis by the candidate through an interview before a panel appointed by the LL.M. Committee.

12. The students shall submit the dissertation on or before 30th April and upto 30th June with t he pe rmission of D ean, Faculty of Law, a s a r egular s tudent. In case t he dissertation is not submitted by 30th June, the student will have to register as an ex-student in accordance with the provisions of the Ordinance relating to ex-students of the University.

13. As an ex-students, a student may submit the dissertation as follows: i. Last week of October, ii. Last week of January, iii. Last week of April and, with the permission of the Dean, last week of June of the year: Provided that such of the s tudents who register t hemselves as ex-students e ither for submission of dissertation or for clearing any of the papers may be given the degree


64

of t he ac ademic year in w hich t hey clear al l t he r equirements o f the LL.M. examination. Note: (a) In a case where a student fails to obtain the minimum of 50% marks in the dissertation submitted by him/her, he/she shall be permitted to revise and resubmit the dissertation on the same or on a fresh topic, to be approved by the Faculty of Law, if he/she so desires. Further, i f t he s tudent d esires t o r evise a nd resubmit t he D issertation on t he s ame topic, extracts from the report of the examiner as to the defects in the Dissertation he made available to the student to enable him/her to revise and re-submit the same.

14. The dissertation must have the PLAGIARISM CHECK CERTIFICATE duly s igned by the Librarian of the Faculty of Law and the Supervisor.

Pass Percentage & Promotion Criteria/ Part I to Part II Progression: • In order to be eligible for LL.M. Degree, a student must have passed (i.e. secured 50%

marks) i n e ach of t he c ourses of fered b y him/her a nd i n a ddition he /she m ust ha ve secured at least 50% marks in the Dissertation.

Promotion Rules: (i) No student shall be promoted to the next Term, if he/she has been detained in

the examination for shortage of a ttendance and/or non-submission of written paper in all the courses offered by him/her for class discussion and had failed to get certificate from the teacher teaching the course.

(ii) Subject to sub-rule(i) above, a student of LL.M. First or Third Term of Two-Year course s hall be e ligible f or pr omotion t o S econd or F ourth T erm, respectively irrespective of the number of courses in which he/she has failed to pass or failed to appear in the First or Third Term examinations.

(iii) Subject t o s ub-rules ( i) and ( ii) above, a s tudent of LL.M. S econd T erm i n Two-Year course shall be eligible for promotion to Third Term if he/she has passed i n at l east f our p apers o f First and S econd T erm ex aminations t aken together.

(iv) Subject to sub-rule (i) above, a student of LL.M. First, Third or Fifth Term of Three- Year course shall be eligible for promotion to Second, Fourth or Sixth Term, respectively irrespective of the number of courses in which he/she has failed t o p ass or f ailed to a ppear in th e F irst, T hird o r F ifth T erm Examinations.

(v) Subject t o s ub-rules ( i) a nd ( iv) a bove, a s tudent of LL.M. S econd T erm i n Three-Year course shall be eligible for promotion to Third Term if he/she has passed in at l east three papers o f First and Second Term examinations taken together and a student of Fourth Term shall be eligible for promotion to Fifth Term if he/she has passed in at least four papers of First, Second, Third and Fourth Term examinations taken together.

(vi) Subject to above sub-rules, a student may be permitted to submit Dissertation at the end of Fourth Term in case of two-year course, or Sixth Term in case of three-year course, on a topic approved by the Faculty of Law irrespective of number of courses which he/she has failed to pass or failed to appear in the examination.

Note: The students eligible for admission to III/V Term must seek admission not later than two weeks from the date(s) of announcement of the results of LL.M. II/IV Term


65

annual examinations or within one week of commencement of teaching, whichever is later, failing which they will forfeit their right to be admitted to III/V Term.

Re-admission Rules: (i) There s hall b e n o r e-admission i n t he LL.M. F irst T erm unde r a ny

circumstances i ncluding detention of a s tudent for s hortage of a ttendance i n that Term and/or non submission of written paper in all the courses offered by him/her f or c lass d iscussion a nd f ailure to g et c ertificate f rom th e te acher teaching the course.

(ii) A s tudent w ho ha s be en de tained f or s hortage of attendance o r o therwise i n Second, Third, Fourth or Fifth Term shall be eligible for re-admission in the Term i n w hich he /she ha d be en de tained pr ovided ( a) he /she s eeks r e-admission within the date prescribed by the Dean, Faculty of Law which will not be later than one week from commencement of teaching in that Term; (b) his/her conduct has been satisfactory; and (c) he/she shows sufficient cause to the s atisfaction of t he Dean, Faculty of Law f or hi s/her di scontinuance of studies or for not having put in the requisite percentage of at tendance and/or non-submission of written paper in all the courses offered by him/her for class discussion and failure to get certificate from the teacher teaching the course.

(iii) An a pplicant w ho ha s f ailed i n e xamination or f ailed t o a ppear at t he examination and who is otherwise eligible to appear at the examination as an ex-student, s hall not be admitted a s a regular s tudent. In e xceptional c ases, however, where such an applicant is a foreigner, studying under the Cultural Scholarship S cheme of the G overnment of India, e tc. r e-admission m ay be allowed.

Conversion of Marks into Grades:

(specify the formula for conversion of marks into grades)

Grade Points: Grade point table as per University Examination rule

CGPA Calculation: As per University Examination rule.

SGPA Calculation:

Grand SGPA Calculation: Conversion of Grand CGPA into Marks

As notified by competent authority the formula for conversion of Grand CGPA into marks is: Final %age of marks = CGPA based on all six semesters × 9.5

Division of Degree into Classes: Post Graduate degree to be classified based on CGPA obtained into various classes as notified into Examination policy.


66

Attendance Requirement:

No student shall be deemed to have pursued a regular course of study for the LL.M. Degree examination unless:

(i) He/she h as a ttended a minimum o f tw o-thirds of t he t otal num ber of l ectures delivered in the Term in which he/she has been admitted as a regular student; and

(ii) He/she h as s ubmitted t erm p aper f or cl ass p resentation in each co urse and t he teacher teaching the course i s satisfied with the paper and i ts presentation in the class.

(iii) All students must submit a hard copy and soft copy of their term paper and class presentation before the end of the semester in the Office of the Dean, Faculty of Law, DU.

(iv) No students will be promoted to the next term, if he/she was detained for shortage of at tendance an d/or n on-submission of t erm pa pers i n all t he c ourses a nd presentations in the class and failed to get certificate from the teacher, teaching the subject.

Note: (1) The term ‘lectures’ will include lectures, class presentations and discussion classes.

(2) In determining the exact number of the minimum requisite attendance, i.e., two thirds of lectures and discussion classes, fractions shall be ignored.

No s tudent s hall be pe rmitted t o a ppear i n t he examination of a ny T erm unl ess he/she has submitted termpaper and presented the term paper in each of the courses of t he T erm f or class d iscussion an d t he t eacher t eaching each co urse i ssues a certificate th at th e te rm paper a nd its p resentation b y th e s tudent w as to h is/her satisfaction.

Provided t hat t his r equirement s hall not be a pplicable t o t he c ompulsory Foundation Course in ‘Legal and Social Science Research Methods’.

Provided further that the Dean may, in his discretion, exempt a student of the above requirement in exceptional cases of hardship.

Span Period: No s tudent s hall be a dmitted a s a c andidate f or t he e xamination f or a ny of t he Parts/Semesters after the lapse of sixyears from the date of admission to the Part-I/Semester-I of the LL.M. (3 Year) Programme. Guidelines for the Award of Internal Assessment Marks LL.M. Programme (Semester Wise) For internal assessment, one term paper has to be submitted and presented in the class in each course in each term.


67

IV: Course Wise Content Details for LL.M. (2 Year)/LL.M. (3 Year)Programme:

MASTER OF LAWS

Semester I Course Code: 2YLM-CC-101/3YLM-CC-101

Course Name: Comparative Constitution Law and Governance (Comparative Study limited to U.S., U.K and India)

Marks-100 (80+20) Duration – 90 Hours

Course Objectives 1. The paper is designed to give an overall picture of constitution and constitutionalism

and to examine the different types of governments in U.S., U.K., and India. 2. The three functions of the state are also given importance so that the students will be

able t o a ppreciate t he c onstitutional f unctions of t he s tate i n a comparative environment.

3. Since the Constitution is a dynamic document, timely modification is a necessity, but often r esults i n ch allenges r aised b efore t he s uperior co urts. It i s i mportant t o understand how t he j udiciary s trikes a b alance be tween t he pol itical e fforts a nd stability of the constitution while ensuring the dynamic character of the constitution. The various i ssues of governance af fecting the people and the remedies available to them are also part of this paper.

Learning outcomes

On successful completion of the paper, the students will be able to: 1. Compare the various forms of government, i ts br anches a nd i ts f unctioning i n

different countries. 2. Analyse the leading constitutional principles in different jurisdictions. 3. Distinguish between constitution and constitutionalism. 4. To critically analyse the process of amendment of the constitution in various countries

and the limitations on the amendment power. 5. Gain insights of the model of state, its practises and good governance 6. Understand the significance of doctrine of judicial review and limitations thereof.

CONTENTS 1. The Concept of Constitution & Constitutionalism (4 lectures)

(i) Meaning and Idea of Constitution, (ii) Constitution as a Dynamic and Supreme Law (iii)Concept of Constitutionalism (iv) Distinction between Constitution and Constitutionalism


68

(v) Essential features of Constitutionalism

2. Study of Comparative Constitutional Law (2 lectures) (i) Relevance (ii) Problems and Concerns in Using Comparison

3. Some Constitutional Principles (12 lectures) (i) Rule of law

(a) Modern Concept of Rule of Law (b) Social and economic rights as part of rule of law

(ii) Separation of powers (a) The doctrine of Checks and Balances

(iii)Position of Rule of Law and Separation of Powers in the Indian Constitution

4. Constitutional foundations of powers (14 lectures) (i) Legislative Power (ii) The Executive Power (iii) The Judicial Power

(a) Appointment of Judges and Judicial Accountability (b) Role of Courts and Fundamental Rights (c) Role of the Courts in ensuring Good Governance

5. The State and Governance (4 lectures) (i) The concept of Good Governance (ii) The methods to ensure Good Governance (iii)State and Civil Liberties

6. Forms of Governments (8 lectures) (i) Federal and Unitary Forms

(a) Features, Advantages and Disadvantages (b) Models of Federalism Quasi - federalism

(ii) Parliamentary and Presidential Forms of Government

7. Amendment of the Constitution (8 lectures)

(i) Methods of Amendment (ii) Limitations on the Amending Power: Comparative Perspective (iii)Theory of Basic Structure: Origin and Development

8. Constitutional Review (8 lectures)

(i) Concept and Origin of Judicial Review (ii) Methods of Constitutional Review

(a) Judicial and Political Review (b) Concentrated and Diffused Review (c) Anticipatory and Successive Review

(iii)Limitations on Judicial Review


69

Recommended Readings:

1. Christopher Forsyth, Mark Elliott, Swati Jhaveri, Effective Judicial Review: A Cornerstone of Good Governance (Oxford University Press, 2010). 2. D.D. Basu, Comparative Constitutional Law (2nd ed., Wadhwa Nagpur). 3. David Strauss, The Living Constitution (OUP, 2010). 4. Dr. Subash Kashyap, Framing of Indian Constitution (Universal Law, 2004). 5. Elizabeth G iussani, Constitutional and Administrative Law (Sweet an d Maxwell, 2008) 6. Erwin C hemerinsky, Constitutional Law, Principles and Policies (3rd ed., Aspen, 2006). 7. M.V. Pylee, Constitution of the World (Universal, 2006) 8. Mahendra P. Singhy, Comparative Constitutional Law (Eastern Book Company, 1989). 9. Neral Devins and Louis Fisher, The Democratic Constitution (OUP, 2010). 10. S.N. Ray, Judicial Review and Fundamental Rights (Eastern Law House, 1974). 11. Sudhir Krishna Swamy, Democracy and Constitutionalism in India – A study of the Basic Structure Doctrine (POUP, 2009) 12. S unil K hilnani, Vikram R aghavan, A run T hiruvengadam, Comparative Constitutionalism in South Asia (POUP, 2013). 13. Vikram David Amar, Mark Tushnet, Global Perspectives on Constitutional Law (OUP, 2009). 14. Z achery E lkins, T om G insburg, J ames M elton, The Endurance of National Constitutions (Cambridge University Press, 2009) 15. D.D. Basu, Comparative Constitutional Law (2nd ed., Wadhwa Nagpur, 2008). 16. D.D.Basu, Comparative Federalism (Lexis Nexis, 2007) 17. D .D.Basu, Introduction to the Constitution of India (Lexis-Nexis-Butterworth-Wadhwa, 2008). 18. Granville Austin, The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation (OUP, 2008). 19. M.P.Singh, Comparative Constitutional Law (Eastern Book Company, 2011). 20. M.P.jain, Indian Constitutional Law (6th ed., Wadhwa, Nagaur). 21. Pier Giuseppe Monateri, Methods of Comparative Law (Edward Elgar Publishing, 2012). 22. V icki C . J ackson, Mark V . T ushnet, Comparative Constitutional Law (2nd ed. Foundation Press, 2006).

Teaching plan: Week 1


70

Meaning and Idea of Constitution, Constitution as a Dynamic and Supreme Law, Concept of Constitutionalism, Distinction between Constitution and Constitutionalism, Essential features of Constitutionalism

Week 2 Relevance, Problems and Concerns in Using Comparison, Rule of law

Week 3 & Week 4 Rule of law (contd.), Separation of powers,

Week 5 Separation of powers (contd.) & Position of Rule of Law and Separation of Powers in the Indian Constitution.

Week 6 Legislative power

Week 7 Executive power

Week 8 & 9 Judicial power

Week 10 The concept of Good Governance, the methods to ensure Good Governance, State and

Civil Liberties

Week 11 & 12 Federal and Unitary Forms-Features, Advantages and Disadvantages & Models of Federalism Quasi – federalism; Parliamentary and Presidential Forms of Government

Week 13 Methods of Amendment Limitations on the Amending Power: Comparative Perspective

Week 14 Theory of Basic Structure: Origin and Development; Concept and Origin of Judicial Review

Week 15 Methods of Constitutional Review-Judicial and Political Review, Concentrated and Diffused Review, Anticipatory and Successive Review & Limitations on Judicial Review

Facilitating the achievement of Course Learning Outcomes

Unit No.

Course Learning Outcomes Teaching and Learning Activity

Assessment Tasks

I. To understand the origin of the constitution in different countries and to distinguish between constitution and constitutionalism.

A mix of lectures, discussion, case study method, presentations and assignments

As given below.


71

II. To assess the relevance and importance of this subject and the difficulties faced therein

A mix of lectures, discussions, presentations and assignments

As given below.

III. To analyse the basic constitutional concepts of Rule of Law and Separation of Powers and its interpretation in different legal systems.

A mix of lectures, discussion, case study method, presentations assignments.

As given below.

V. To gain insights into the models of state, its practises and good governance


As given below.

VI. To compare the various forms of government, its models, advantages and disadvantages


As given below.

VII. To understand the process of amendment of the constitution in various jurisdictions, methods of amendment and the limitations on amending power


As given below.

VIII. To assess the s ignificance o f d octrine o f judicial review and limitations thereof.


As given below.

Maximum Marks:100 Marks

End Semester Written Exam 80 Marks

Internal Component (Term paper and Presentations)

20 Marks

IMPORTANT NOTE:

1. The t opics, c ases a nd s uggested r eadings given a bove a re not e xhaustive. T he Committee o f t eachers t eaching t he C ourse shall b e a t lib erty to r evise th e topics/cases/suggested readings. 2. S tudents a re r equired to s tudy/refer to th e le gislations a s a mended f rom time to time, and consult the latest editions of books.

***********


72

Semester I

Course Code- 2YLM-CC-102/3YLM-CC-102

Course Name- Legal and Social Science Research Methods

Marks-100 Duration – 90 Hours

Course Objectives

1. To e nable s tudents t o u nderstand a pproaches t o a nd s trategies for “ Hard Law” o r “Doctrinal” l egal r esearch an d f or s ociological o riented r esearch i n l aw an d l egal process.

2. To acq uaint t he s tudents w ith t he s cientific m ethod o f s ocial s cience r esearch. Emphasis w ould be t o pr ovide t he know ledge of t he t echniques o f s election, collection and interpretation of primary and secondary data in socio legal research.

3. To f acilitate t he researcher / students f or s electing an d d eveloping t he themes f or research for LL.M. dissertations.

4. To e nable t he s tudents t o di scover ne w f acts or t o ve rify t he e xisting f acts, t o propound a new legal concept or to analyze existing law and give suggestions for a new one.

5. To e nable s tudents t o a cquire und erstanding of r esearch m ethodology includes t he research m ethods as w ell as t he p hilosophy and p ractice o f t he w hole r esearch process.

6. To g ive an i nsight i nto the m eaning a nd s ignificance of r esearch m ethods f or l egal research to the students in contemporary times.

7. To impart an understanding of the various types of research methods and the different techniques of l egal r esearch and l egal writing with a vi ew to equip t he s tudents for further research in law.

Learning Outcomes On successful completion of this Course, the students will be able to: 1. Students would be able to design and execute small scale research problem. They are

expected to develop a research proposal to write dissertation. 2. Students w ould be a ble t o c onduct effective d octrinal as w ell as em pirical l egal

research by using fundamental tools of legal research. 3. It hones students’ research skill, develop the ability to present a complex socio legal

issue in a lucid and engaging manner and also enable the students to learn the proper ways of citation, ga rner f amiliarity w ith dr eaded B lue B ook, ILI Format a nd OSCOLA etc.

4. Students w ould b e ab le t o w rite r esearch p apers/notes an d case comments and empirical research.

Evaluation (There is no written examination in this course. Students will be assessed on the basis of curricular class/ field work and the viva-voce)

1. Case –comment / Research article 10 Marks


73

2. Research Synopsis for dissertation 5 Marks 3. Preparing Research Design 10 Marks 4. Writing a short report on the basis of data collected 15 Marks 5. Attendance and Class Work 10 Marks 6. Viva-Voce Examination 50 Marks

Contents TOPIC: I RESEARCH – WHAT AND WHY (3 weeks) a. Notion of Research and knowledge b. Specific Characteristics of Research c. Explanation of Terms Frequently used in Research Methodology

I. Concept II Relation III Theory IV Paradigm V Hypothesis VI Operationalisation VII Ethnography

d. Types of Research I. Doctrinal, Non-Doctrinal II Exploratory, Descriptive, Experimental III Qualitative, Quantitative IV Longitudinal V Impact VI Case Study VII Attitude Measurement VIII Projective

TOPIC: II LEGAL SOURCE MATERIAL AND THEIR USE ( 2 Weeks)

a. Use of Case Law b. Importance of Ratio c. Significance of Obiter d. Library Sources e. e-Sources (How to use it) f. e-Data Base

Teacher/Teachers may discuss and explain – (a) What a re t he pa rameters w hich a n a uthor s hould t ry t o i nclude w hile a ttempting t o

write an article. (b) Similarly students are taught the techniques of writing a comment on a case. This may

practically b e d one i n t he cl ass b y t aking u p an d d iscussing an ar ticle an d a cas e comment.


74

Note: 1. Students must obtain a copy of the latest issue of Delhi Law Review from which exercises shall be prescribed.

Note: Dates f or s ubmission o f f irst d raft o f ev ery as signment w ill b e f ixed. T eacher af ter correcting/discussing/making remarks w ill r eturn f or th e s aid a rticle to b e finally submitted on the date already fixed.

TOPIC – III LEGAL RESEARCH (2 weeks) a. Historical and contemporary Role of Legal Research b. Approaches to ‘Law’ in Legal Research

I. Research in positive/black-letter law II Research in law as a decision-making process III Research concerning Law as an institutional system IV Research concerning law as a socio-cultural system V Policy and action oriented research for reform

TOPIC – IV (2 weeks) Empirical Research or Use of Social Science methods for legal Research 1. Formation of Research Proposal a. Identification of problem b. Literature Survey c. Hypothesis di fference be tween proposition, h ypotheses and theory. T ypes of

hypothecs. Testing of hypothesis, and Operationalisation of the Hypotheses. d. Objectives of Study e. Methodology f. Tools of D ata C ollection: O bservation, I nterview, Questionnaire a nd

Schedule. g. Identification of M ethodological T ool K it: C ase S tudy, S urvey, S ampling,

Scaling Techniques (Thurstone’s Order Method, Likert and Guttman Scales). Details study of these methodological tools be done, so that Students can fully understand their utility and use it for their respective researcher designs.

h. Anticipated and Unanticipated problems Note: Students a re r equired t o s tart w orking on t heir research de sign f rom ( date) a lready

decided and finalise the research tools. They are required to complete data collection and s ubmit t he r esearch de sign a nd R eport t yped a nd bound on or be fore t he da te finalized for this purpose.

TOPIC – V DATA ANALYSIS (2 weeks) a. Aggregate Data, Quantitative and Qualitative Data b. Use of Statistics in Social Sciences c. Drawing of Inferences

1. Analysis/Interpretations 2.. Jurimetrics


75

TOPIC – VI (2 weeks) IMPACT ANALYSIS a. What is Impact b. Symbolic v. ‘Instrumental’ dichotomy and its heuristic uses. c. Measuring of Impact d. Methods i. Before and after

ii. Time series e. Measuring Impact of Legislative and Judicial Decisions. TOPIC – VII (2 weeks) REPORT WRITING a. Legal Writing i. Footnotes (Significance, Uniformity in citation and method) ii. Editing b. Presenting Research: Articles, Dissertations and Thesis. c. Placement of Tables /Graphs d. Proving/Disproving of hypothesis through data e. Bibliography; Priorities in using various sources and methods of writing. Suggested Readings: 1. Jain, S.N., “Legal Research and Methodology” in 14 JILI 487 (1972) 2. Jain, S.N., “ Doctrinal a nd N on-doctrinal R esearch” i n Legal R esearch an d

Methodology, ILI, 167 (1983) 3. Jones, Ernest M., “Some Current Trends in Legal Research” in 15 J our Leg. Edn. 21

(1962-63) 4. Bailey, Methods of Social Research, pp. 18, 31-66 (1978) 5. Nanlin, Foundations of Social Research, pp. 15 4 (1976) 6. Ram Ahuja, Research Methods, pp 52-91 (2001). 7. Sadhu and Singh, Research Methodology in Social Sciences, pp 1-34 (1983). 8. Gerald D . B erreman, “ Ethnography: M ethod and P roduct” i n V .K. Srivastava,

Methodology and Fieldwork (Edit) 2004 Oxford. 9. Baxi, U., “Th Travails of Stare Decesis in India in” Legal Change: Essay in Honor of

Professor J ulius Stone ( 1983, A .R. B lack S hield E dn.) B utterworths, S ydney Australia.

10. Saxena, I.C. “The Doctrine of Precedeni in India: A Study of Some of its aspects”, 3 Jaipur Law jour, 138 (1963).

11. Tripathi R.K., “Mr. Justice Gajendragadkar and Constitutional Interpretation” 57 Col. L. Rev. 319 (1957).

12. Willians, C., Learning the Law, 71, 95, (1963). 13. “Action Research in Crime Prevention”, Report on an International Seminar on Use

of Research as a Basis for Social Defency Policy and Planning, Denmark 20-23 Aug. 1973, pp. 28-37, 59-62, United Nations (1975).

14. Baxi, U., Socio-Legal Research in India: A programmschrift, Occasional Monograph (1975).


76

15. Ullaman, W., The Medieval Idea of Law, 1-6 (1946). 16. Eherllich, Ugen, Fundamental Principles of the Sociology of Law, 1-36. 17. Stone, J., Social Dimensions of Law and Justice, 91-93. 18. Bakshi, P.M. “Legal research of Law Reform” in Legal Research and Methodology,

121, 217 (1983). 19. Baxi, U., Towards Sociology of Indian Law (1986). 20. Baxi, U., Crisis of Indian Legal System, 244-288 (1982). 21. Robert Watt, Concise Legal Research, (4th Edt.) 2001. 22. Mark Abrahamson, Social Research Methods pp 197-331 (1983) 23. George, Gadbois Jr, (i) “Participation in Supreme Court Decision Making” 24 JILI p.

1 (1982). 24. George, G adbois J r, ( ii) “ Indian S upreme C ourt J udges: A P ortrait”, 3 Law and

Society Review, 317-335 (1963). 25. George, G adbois J r, ( iii) “ Indian J udicial B ehaviour” 5 E conomic a nd P olitical

Weekly, 49-166 (1970). 26. George, G adbois J r, ( iv) T he S upreme C ourt of I ndia: A P reliminary R eport of a n

Empirical Study” 4 Jr. of Constitutional and Parliamentary Studies, 53-54 (1970). 27. Sadhu and Singh, Research Methodology in Social Sciences, (1983). 28. Friedman and M acaulay, Law a nd t he Behavioural S ciences, pp. 308 -315, 372 -399

(1969) 29. Gibson, C olin S ., “ Legal Impact A nalyses: T he Ideal and t he P racticable” i n Legal

Research and Methodology, ILI, at 663. 30. Baxi, U., “Who Bothers About the Supreme Court? The Problem of impact of Judicial

Decisions”, Id. At 674. 31. Price and Bitner, Effective Legal Research, 311-380. 32. Blue Book The Uniform System of Citation, (17th Ed. 2000). 33. B.R. Patil, “Report Writing” (Memeo). 34. Manual of S tyle for authors, Editors and Copy Writers, University of Chicago (13th

ed. 1982). 35. Pedekar, V.H. How to Write Assignments Research Paper, Dissertations and Thesis,

(1982). 36. Mukul Gupta and Deepa Gupta, Research Methodology, PHI, 2013 37. Frederic Schauer, Thinking like a Lawyer, Harvard University Press, 2009 38. Michael G . M axfield an d E arl B abbie, R esearch M ethods f or C riminal J ustice an d

Criminology, Thompson Learning, 2001 39. Winston Jackson, R esearch M ethods: R ules for Survey Design a nd A nalysis, P HI,

1988 40. Lindsay Prior, Using Documents in Social Research, Sage Publication, 2003 41. Alan Bryman, Social Research Methods, Oxford University Press, 2001 42. M. N . B orse, H andbook O f R esearch M ethodology, M odern M ethods An d Ne w

Techniques, Srinivas Publication,2005. 43. A.K. Phophalia, Modern Reseach Methodology, Paradise Publishers, 2010. 44 Peter Clough And Cathy, But Brown, A Students’ Guide For Research Methodology,

Sage Publication, 2002 45. C.R. Kothari, Research Mehodology: Methods & Techniques, New Age International

Publishers, 2006. 46. Anwarul Yaqin, L egal R esearch a nd Writing M ethods, L exisNexis B