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Program Planning for Health Promotion/Disease Prevention Activities

Suzanne Marks, DirectorAlbuquerque Area Dental Support Center

January 22, 2013

+After today’s presentation, participants will be able to define the rationale behind planning a

comprehensive prevention program at your clinic

define the elements of the POARE format of prevention planning with particular emphasis on development of the problem statement and the evaluation

describe the components of SMART objectives

+Program Planning

If you don’t know where you are going, how will you know when you have reached your destination?

Why is planning important?

+Program Planning

A comprehensive program plan is a foundation of public health

Having and following a program plan and then sharing results with administration, tribal leaders, consumers and the community may have other unexpected positive side benefits such as increased patient satisfaction (which could even help decrease broken appointments), confidence in the program and even job satisfaction for you and your staff

A program plan will facilitate the targeting of high risk groups such as children, patients with diabetes or pregnant women

A program plan increases the chances that prevention efforts will be evaluated

Why is planning important?

+The POARE ModelProblem

Objectives

Activities

Resources

Evaluation

A powerful tool that can help you organize your plan and gives you consistent, systematic steps in to ensure successful outcomes

+The POARE ModelProblem

Objectives

Activities

Resources

Evaluation

Helps to focus efforts on one issue at a time

Helps with staff acceptance

Lays the groundwork for future reporting and planning

+POARE: identify the Problem

One of the key components to program planning is determining the problem you want to address.   

+POARE: identify the Problem

Sometimes what we perceive as a problem at the clinic level may NOT be perceived as a problem by your stakeholders.

+POARE: identify the Problem

As technical experts, it’s up to us to demonstrate the significance of the identified problem to our stakeholders. 

+POARE: identify the Problem

Without buy-in and support from your stakeholders, the plan to address the identified problem is likely to fail.

+POARE: identify the Problem

“Parents don’t bring their

children to the dentist!”

“We need a

sealant program!”

“Decay is rampant in our community!”

“The doctors should

help apply fluoride!”

+POARE: identify the Problem

While these all may be true, as they stand, they don’t necessarily help you

determine the extent of the problem

determine the severity of the problem

identify the factors contributing to the problem

garner stakeholder support

+POARE: identify the Problem

Determine the extent of the problem

Determine the severity of the problem

Identify the factors contributing to the problem

Garner stakeholder support

A problem statement helps you

+POARE: identify the Problem

Local demographics The nature and extent of the problem Data Impact of the problem Past approaches tried and what happened Barriers to improving the problem

Developing the Problem Statement

+POARE: identify the Problem

“You can have data without information, but you cannot have information without data.” Daniel Keys Moran

“It is a capital mistake to theorize before one has data.” Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

Developing the Problem Statement: Data

+POARE: identify the Problem

National or Regional Gathered by experts Usually available over a

period of years (measure trends or differences)

Usually not specific to your area

Developing the Problem Statement: Data

Local Specific oral health

status may not be available

Most powerful for local decision-making

+POARE: identify the Problem

Possible sources IHS Oral Health Survey Healthy People CDC National Oral Health Surveillance System GPRA RPMS Chart review

Developing the Problem Statement: Data

+POARE: develop the ObjectivesObjectives identify what the program will accomplish by when

SMART Objectives areSpecific

Measureable

Attainable

Relevant

Time-based

+POARE: develop the Objectives

Use clear and concise language

Avoid vague terms or words

SMARTObjectives should be Specific

+POARE: develop the Objectives Know the material Help the community Talk to the doctors Set up a program Do more sealants

List 4 reasons Decrease caries Give a presentation Establish a school-based

program Increase sealant

applications by 25 percent

Specific

SMARTVague

+POARE: develop the Objectives

Objectives need to be worded so

the desired result can be clearly measured or

observed.

SMART

Objectives should be

Measurable

+POARE: develop the Objectives

Objectives should be

challenging but

achievable.

SMARTObjectives should be Attainable

+POARE: develop the Objectives

Objectives should be

science-based and relevant

to your community.

SMARTObjectives should be Relevant

+POARE: develop the Objectives

Objectives should have a time frame in

which the desired result is expected to be achieved.

SMARTObjectives should be

Time-based

+POARE: plan the Activities

What actions or activities will you implement to reach your objectives?

How will you engage the targeted audience?

What things will you change and/or eliminate in order to meet the objectives?

+POARE: inventory the ResourcesWhat will you need to achieve your plan?

Money? Personnel? Materials? Space? Authorization? Outside services?

+POARE: conduct Evaluation

How will you know if you have met your objectives?

+POARE: conduct Evaluation

Quantitative Evaluation

Uses numerical data to evaluate objectives

Using quantitative methods alone may tell you if you met your objectives

But it will provide little information about why the intervention did or didn’t work, whether participants were satisfied, etc.

+POARE: conduct Evaluation

Qualitative Evaluation

Collected through Observations Satisfaction surveys Interviews with providers or

program participants And/or other methods to

get at the quality of the interventions

+POARE: conduct Evaluation

Work with medical personnel to develop a policy to include fluoride varnish treatments during immunizations by January 2010.

Keep lists and notes of all communications and meetings with medical personnel and document all attempts to finalize this policy and whether it was ever finalized or not. If not, document what you think went wrong to assist in any future efforts.

Suggested Evaluation

Sample Evaluation Strategies

Objective

+POARE: conduct Evaluation

Train 80 percent of the medical staff at X Medical Clinic by January 2010 to apply fluoride varnish during immunization visits.

Keep a list of all medical staff trained and compare the number to the total number of medical staff at X Medical Clinic.

Suggested Evaluation

Sample Evaluation Strategies

Objective

+POARE: conduct Evaluation

Decrease the prevalence of ECC among 3 year olds by 15 percent over the next two years.

Survey 3-year old children in a daycare or preschool before and after the interventions and compare DMFT scores to calculate the percentage of decrease or increase in dental caries over the 2-year time period.

Suggested Evaluation

Sample Evaluation Strategies

Objective

+Program Planning for Health Promotion/Disease Prevention Activities

Program planning for oral health promotion/disease prevention activities using the POARE format

Defined the elements of the POARE format including the development of the problem statement and the evaluation

The rationale behind planning a comprehensive prevention program at your clinic

Described the components of SMART objectives

+Questions?

+Many thanks to Dr. Tim Ricks and Dr. Cathy Hollister for their leadership in program planning!Much of the content of this presentation was based on examples of their work.

+

Course Number

Course Completion Code

How to obtain

your CDE

Visit the Dental Portal athttp://www.ihs.gov/doh/