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PROGRAM OUTLINE

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic (Refrigeration Mechanic)

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic Industry Training Authority 1 (Refrigeration Mechanic) 02/16

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Copyright © 2010 Industry Training Authority

This publication may not be modified in any way without permission of the Industry Training Authority

http://www.itabc.ca/


REFRIGERATION AND AIR

CONDITIONING MECHANIC

(REFRIGERATION MECHANIC)

PROGRAM OUTLINE

APPROVED BY INDUSTRY

October 2010

Developed By Industry Training Authority

Province of British Columbia


TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 4

Foreword ................................................................................................................................................... 5 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................... 4

SECTION 2 PROGRAM OVERVIEW ........................................................................................ 7

Occupational Analysis Chart ..................................................................................................................... 8 Program Credentialing Model ................................................................................................................. 10 Training Topics and Suggested Time Allocation .................................................................................... 12

SECTION 3 PROGRAM CONTENT ......................................................................................... 16

Level 1 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic (Refrigeration Mechanic) .................................. 17 Level 2 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic (Refrigeration Mechanic) .................................. 72 Level 3 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic (Refrigeration Mechanic) .................................. 99 Level 4 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic (Refrigeration Mechanic) ................................ 128

SECTION 4 TRAINING PROVIDER STANDARDS ................................................................ 141

Facility Requirements ........................................................................................................................... 142 Tools and Equipment ............................................................................................................................ 143 Instructor Requirements ....................................................................................................................... 145 Reference Materials .............................................................................................................................. 146

Appendices ........................................................................................................................... 147

Appendix A Glossary Of Verbs ............................................................................................................. 148


Section 1

INTRODUCTION

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

Mechanic (Refrigeration Mechanic)


Foreword The revised Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic (Refrigeration Mechanic) Program Outline is intended as a guide for instructors, apprentices, and employers of apprentices as well as for the use of industry organizations, regulatory bodies, and provincial and federal governments. It reflects updated standards based on the new Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic (Refrigeration Mechanic) Occupational Analysis (2009) and British Columbia industry and instructor subject matter experts. Practical instruction by demonstration and student participation should be integrated with classroom sessions. Safe working practices, even though not always specified in each operation or topic, are an implied part of the program and should be stressed throughout the apprenticeship. The Program Outline was prepared with the advice and assistance of the Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic Review Committee and will form the basis for further updating of the British Columbia Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic (Refrigeration Mechanic) Program and learning resources by the Construction Industry Training Organization (CITO) on behalf of the Industry Training Authority (ITA). Achievement Criteria are included for those competencies that require a practical component. The intent of including Achievement Criteria in the Program Outline is to ensure consistency in training across the many training institutions in British Columbia. Their purpose is to reinforce the theory and to provide a mechanism for evaluation of the learner’s ability to apply the theory to practice. It is important that these performances be observable and measureable and that they reflect the skills spelled out in the competency as those required of a competent journeyperson. The conditions under which these performances will be observed and measured must be clear to the learner as well as the criteria by which the learner will be evaluated. The learner must also be given the level of expectation of success. The performance spelled out in the Achievement Criteria is a suggested performance and is not meant to stifle flexibility of delivery. Training providers are welcome to substitute other practical performances that measure similar skills and attainment of the competency. Multiple performances may also be used to replace individual performances where appropriate.

SAFETY ADVISORY Be advised that references to the WorkSafeBC safety regulations contained within these materials do not/may not reflect the most recent Occupational Health and Safety Regulation (the current Standards and Regulation in BC can be obtained on the following website: http://www.worksafebc.com). Please note that it is always the responsibility of any person using these materials to inform him/herself about the Occupational Health and Safety Regulation pertaining to his/her work.

http://www.worksafebc.com/


Acknowledgements This Program Outline was prepared with advice and direction from the Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic Review Committee with funding support from the Industry Training Authority (ITA). The Industry Training Authority (ITA) would like to acknowledge the dedication and hard work of the industry representatives appointed to identify the training requirements of the Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic trade:

Matt Buss

Dean Gabriele

Sylvain Girard

Blaire Mazsatalar

Jason Rockson


Section 2

Program Overview



Occupational Analysis Chart


Occupation Description: “Refrigeration Mechanic” means a person who fabricates, installs, alters, repairs/services any system used for cooling and/or heating (i.e. heat pumps) in closed systems that contain a refrigerant or a brine and thermoelectric cooling. Includes piping, controls and electrical work usually performed by a journeyperson.

Use Safe Work Practices A

Control Workplace Hazards A1

Use Information in the WorkSafeBC OHS Regulations A2

Use WHMIS A3

Use Personal Protective Equipment A4

Practice Fire Prevention Procedures A5

1 1 1 1 1

Use Tools and Equipment B

Use Hand Tools B1

Use Power Tools B2

Use Measuring and Levelling Tools B3

Use Cutting, Brazing and Soldering Equipment B4

Use Access Equipment B5

Use Rigging, Hoisting and Lifting Equipment B6

1 1 1 2 3 1 1 1

Use Charging, Evacuation and Recovery Tools B7

Use Computers B8

1 1 2 3

Organize Work C

Use Trade Related Mathematics C1

Describe Trade Related Science C2

Read Drawings and Specifications C3

Use Codes, Regulations and Standards C4

Develop Communication Skills C5

Plan a Project C6

1 1 1 1 2 4 1 1 2

Apply Fundamentals of Refrigeration D

Use of Refrigerants D1

Use of Lubricants D2

Describe Compressors D3

Describe Evaporators D4

Describe Condensers D5

Use Metering Devices D6

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 3


Describe Accessories D7

2 3

Apply Electrical Concepts E

Apply Basic Electrical Concepts E1

Use Electrical Wiring Schematics E2

Apply Single Phase Motor Theory E3

Apply Three Phase Motor Theory E4

Apply Electronic Concepts E5

Describe Control Technology E6

1 2 4 1 4 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 3 3

Plan and Install Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems F

Analyze Heat Pumps and Air Conditioning Systems F1

Analyze Refrigeration Systems F2

Apply Food Storage Fundamentals F3

Install Heat Pumps and Air Conditioning Systems and Accessories F4

Install Refrigeration Systems and Accessories F5

Install Piping and Tubing F6

2 3 1 2 3 4 2 2 3 2 3 1 3

Analyze Hydronic Systems F7

Install Control Systems F8

Apply B Gas Theory F9

3 3 4

Commission Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems G

Perform System Pre-start-up Checks G1

Start Up Heat Pumps and Air Conditioning Systems G2

Start Up Refrigeration Systems G3

3 3 3

Maintain and Service Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems H

Maintain HVAC and Refrigeration Systems H1

Service and Repair HVAC and Refrigeration Systems H2

Maintain Control Systems H3

Service and Repair Control Systems H4

2 3 2 3 4 4


Program Credentialing Model

Apprenticeship Pathway

This graphic provides an overview of the Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic (Refrigeration Mechanic) apprenticeship pathway.

C of Q = Certificate of Qualification C of A = Certificate of Apprenticeship C of C = Certificate of Completion WBT = Work-Based Training

CROSS-PROGRAM CREDITS Individuals who hold the credentials listed below are entitled to receive partial credit toward the completion requirements of this program

*Suggested duration based on 30-hour week

APPRENTICESHIP - DIRECT ENTRY

Technical Training: None Work-Based Training: 1,800 hours

Technical Training: None Work-Based Training: 900 hours

C of Q Domestic / Commercial

Gasfitter (Class B)

C of Q Industrial Electrician

C of Q Construction

Electrician

Technical Training: None Work-Based Training: 900 hours

RECOMMENDATION FOR CERTIFICATION

Refrigeration Mechanic Level 3 Technical Training: 240 hours (8 weeks*) Work-Based Training: Accumulate hours

ITA Standardized Written Exam

CREDIT Technical Training: Level 1 WBT: 425 hours

C of C Refrigeration

Mechanic





Refrigeration Mechanic Level 4 Technical Training: 240 hours (8 weeks*) Work-Based Training: 7,220 hours total

Interprovincial Red Seal Exam

Refrigeration Mechanic Foundation

Technical Training: 25 weeks*

C of Q Refrigeration

and Air Conditioning

Mechanic

C of A Refrigeration


Mechanic

RED SEAL RED SEAL


Challenge Pathway

This graphic provides an overview of the Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic (Refrigeration Mechanic) challenge pathway.

Completion Requirements Interprovincial Red Seal Exam

Prerequisites Approved challenge application, including:

Trade-Related Work Experience: 10,830 hours

C of Q Refrigeration


Mechanic

RED SEAL

RED SEAL

C of Q = Certificate of Qualification

CREDIT FOR PRIOR LEARNING Individuals who hold the credentials listed below are entitled to receive partial credit toward the completion requirements of this program

Work Experience: 10,830 hours

Military certificate in Refrigeration and Mechanical Technician MT #301 / MT #641, QL5 or higher


Training Topics and Suggested Time Allocation

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic (Refrigeration Mechanic) – Level 1

Theory %

Practical %

Line A Use Safe Work Practices 5 10

A-1 Control Workplace Hazards 20

A-2 Use Information in the WorkSafeBC OHS Regulation 20

A-3 Use WHMIS 20

A-4 Use Personal Protective Equipment 20

A-5 Practice Fire Prevention Procedures 20

Line B Use Tools and Equipment 10 20

B-1 Use Hand Tools 10

B-2 Use Power Tools 10

B-3 Use Measuring and Levelling Tools 10

B-4 Use Cutting, Brazing and Soldering Equipment 20

B-5 Use Access Equipment 10

B-6 Use Rigging, Hoisting and Lifting Equipment 10

B-7 Use Charging, Evacuation and Recovery Tools 20

B-8 Use Computers 10

Line C Organize Work 25 15

C-1 Use Trade Related Mathematics 38

C-2 Describe Trade Related Science 38

C-3 Read Drawings and Specifications 12

C-4 Use Codes, Regulations and Standards 8

C-5 Develop Communication Skills 2

C-6 Plan a Project 2

Line D Apply Fundamentals of Refrigeration 25 20

D-1 Use of Refrigerants 20

D-3 Describe Compressors 20

D-4 Describe Evaporators 20

D-5 Describe Condensers 20

D-6 Use Metering Devices 20

Line E Apply Electrical Concepts 25 25

E-1 Apply Basic Electrical Concepts 28

E-2 Use Electrical Wiring Schematics 20

E-3 Apply Single Phase Motor Theory 32

E-4 Apply Three Phase Motor Theory 20

Line F Plan and Install Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems 10 10

F-2 Analyze Refrigeration Systems 60

F-6 Install Piping and Tubing 40

Total Percentage for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic Level 1

100% 100%




Theory

% Practical

%






C-6 Plan a Project 20


D-2 Use of Lubricants 13

D-3 Describe Compressors 20

D-4 Describe Evaporators 13

D-5 Describe Condensers 14


D-7 Describe Accessories 20






F-1 Analyze Heat Pumps and Air Conditioning Systems 20


F-3 Apply Food Storage Fundamentals 20

F-4 Install Heat Pumps and Air Conditioning Systems and Accessories

20

F-5 Install Refrigeration Systems and Accessories 20

Line H Maintain and Service Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems

10 20

H-1 Maintain HVAC and Refrigeration Systems 50

H-2 Service and Repair HVAC and Refrigeration Systems 50


100% 100%



Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic

(Refrigeration Mechanic) – Level 3

Theory %

Practical %






D-7 Describe Accessories 60




E-5 Apply Electronic Concepts 20

E-6 Describe Control Technology 34


F-1 Analyze Heat Pumps and Air Conditioning Systems 15


F-4 Install Heat Pumps and Air Conditioning Systems and Accessories

8

F-5 Install Refrigeration Systems and Accessories 8

F-6 Install Piping and Tubing 25

F-7 Analyze Hydronic Systems 25

F-8 Install Control Systems 4

Line G Commission Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems 10 10

G-1 Perform System Pre-start-up Checks 40

G-2 Start Up Heat Pumps and Air Conditioning Systems 30

G-3 Start Up Refrigeration Systems 30


5 5

H-1 Maintain HVAC and Refrigeration Systems 40

H-2 Service and Repair HVAC and Refrigeration Systems 60


100% 100%




Theory

% Practical

%





E-2 Use Electrical Wiring Schematics 25




F-9 Apply B Gas Theory 80


10 10

H-3 Maintain Control Systems 60

H-4 Service and Repair Control Systems 40


100% 100%


SECTION 3

PROGRAM CONTENT



Level 1



Line (GAC): A USE SAFE WORK PRACTICES Competency: A1 Control Workplace Hazards Objectives To be competent in this area, the individual will be able to:

Describe workplace hazards.

Manage workplace hazards.

Demonstrate emergency procedures.

Describe non-emergency injury reporting procedures.

Describe how worksite safety policies are established.

LEARNING TASKS CONTENT

1 1. Describe short term hazards in the refrigeration industry

Excavations

Working around heavy equipment

Sharp objects

Ladders

Work platforms

Confined space

Electrical

Lockout procedures

Compressed gas

Explosive material (dust)

Lifting

o Procedures

Personal

o Clothing

o Hair and beards

o Jewellery

o Audio devices

o Poor housekeeping

Horseplay

Respect for others’ safety

Constant awareness of surroundings

Safe attitude

Management of hazards

Weather

o Heat

o Cold

2 Describe long term hazards in the refrigeration system installation industry

Respiratory disease

Repetitive strain injuries

Management of hazards


3 Describe safety precautions when working at elevations

Wind

Floor openings

Guard rails

Safety lines

Weather

Stressed cables

4 Describe emergency procedures. Emergency shutoffs

Fire control systems

Eye wash facilities

Emergency exits

Emergency contact/phone numbers

Outside meeting place

Disaster meeting place

5 Describe non-emergency injury reporting procedures.

First aid facilities

Reports

6 Describe how a workplace safety policy is established.

Process

o Hazard assessment

o Conditions

o Meeting requirements

- Tool box

o Reporting hazards and incidents

o Reporting injuries

o Investigations

o Committees

o Employee orientation

o First-aid

o Hearing

o Records and statistics

o Lock-out

o Non-compliance procedures

Minimum standards

Acts and Regulations

7 Describe lock-out and tag-out procedures. Understanding of system operation

Components requiring lock-out

Identification requirements

Situations where lock-out is required

Lock-out equipment

o Tags

o Locks


Line (GAC): A USE SAFE WORK PRACTICES Competency: A2 Use Information in the WorkSafeBC OHS Regulation Objectives To be competent in this area, the individual must be able to:


1

Use terms used in the Workers’ Compensation Act

Applicable section of the Act

2

Describe the conditions under which compensation will be paid


3

Describe the general duties of employers, employees and others


4

Describe the Workers’ Compensation Act requirements for the reporting of accidents


5

Describe the Core Requirements of the Occupational Health and Safety Regulation

Definitions

Application

Rights and responsibilities

o Health and safety programs

o Young worker orientation

o Contractor’s safety policy manuals

o Investigations and reports

o Workplace inspections

o Right to refuse work

General conditions

o Building and equipment safety

o Emergency preparedness

o Preventing violence

o Working alone

o Ergonomics

o Illumination and indoor air quality

o Smoking and lunchrooms

Locate the Parts of the Occupational Health and Safety Regulation as it applies to the Refrigeration and Air Conditioning workplace.

Use applicable codes and standards.


6 Apply the General Hazard Requirements of the Occupational Health and Safety Regulation.

Chemical and biological substances

Substance specific requirements

Noise, vibration, radiation and temperature

Personal protective clothing and equipment

Confined spaces

De-energization and lockout

Fall protection

Tools, machinery and equipment

Ladders, scaffolds and temporary work platforms

Cranes and hoists

Mobile equipment

Transportation of workers

Traffic control

Electrical safety


Line (GAC): A USE SAFE WORK PRACTICES Competency: A3 Use WHMIS Objectives To be competent in this area, the individual must be able to:


1 State the legislation that requires suppliers of hazardous materials to provide MSDSs and label products as a condition of sale and importation

Hazardous Product Act

o Controlled Products Regulations

o Ingredient Disclosure List

Hazardous Materials Information Review Act

2 Describe Provincial legislation Use of hazardous materials in the workplace

3 State the purpose of the Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS)

Protection of Canadian workers from the adverse effects of hazardous materials through the provision of relevant information while minimizing the economic impact on industry and the disruption of trade

Responsibilities

o Workers

o Employers

o Suppliers

o Regulators

4 Describe the key elements of WHMIS Material safety data sheets (MSDSs)

Labelling of containers of hazardous materials

Worker education programs

5 Describe the responsibilities of suppliers under WHMIS

Provide MSDSs

Provide supplier labels

6 Describe the responsibilities of employers under WHMIS

Provide worker access to MSDSs

Work education programs in the workplace

Ensure proper storage and handling of materials

Describe the purpose of the Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) Regulations.

Explain the contents of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).

Explain the contents of a WHMIS label.

Apply WHMIS regulations.


7 Describe the responsibilities of workers Understand information on MSDSs and labels

Inform employers of missing or illegible labels

8 Describe information to be disclosed on a MSDS

Hazardous ingredients

Preparation information

Product information

Physical data

Fire or explosion

Reactivity data

Toxicological properties

Preventive measures

First-aid measures

9 Identify symbols found on WHMIS labels and their meaning

Compressed gases

Flammable and combustible materials

Oxidizing materials

Poisonous and infectious materials

o Materials causing immediate and serious toxic effects

o Materials causing other toxic effects

o Bio hazardous infectious materials

Corrosive materials

Dangerously reactive materials

10 Identify symbols on consumer product labels used in the workplace and their meaning

Toxic

Corrosive

Flammable

Explosive

11 Apply WHMIS regulations as they apply to hazardous materials used in the shop

Use, storage and disposal of shop materials


Line (GAC): A USE SAFE WORK PRACTICES Competency: A4 Use Personal Protective Equipment Objectives To be competent in this area, the individual must be able to:


1 Describe personal protective equipment requirements

WorkSafeBC regulations

Fall protection

o Fall restraint

o Fall arrest

o Harnesses, lanyards, lifelines

Safety footwear

o CSA Standards

Eye protection

o Glasses

o Goggles

o Face shields

Hearing protection

o Hearing testing

o Earplugs and canal caps

o Earmuffs

o Class/grade selection based on exposure level

Head protection

o CSA and ANSI types

Respiratory protection

o Respirator types

o Positive and negative seal check

o Fit testing

o Types of breathing hazards

o Filters and cartridges

o Protection factors

o Warning signs of respirator failure

o Hazard/product specific

Clothing

o High visibility

o Hazard/product specific

Hand protection

o Gloves

o Barrier creams

Select and use personal protective equipment.


Knee protection

2 Use personal protective equipment Selection

Purpose

Training requirements

Inspection

Maintenance

Storage


Line (GAC): A USE SAFE WORK PRACTICES Competency: A5 Practice Fire Prevention Procedures Objectives To be competent in this area, the individual must be able to:


1 Describe the conditions necessary to support a fire

Oxygen

Fuel

Heat

2 Describe the classes of fires according to the materials being burned

Classes A, B, C and D

Symbols and colours

3 Apply preventative fire safety precautions when working near, handling or storing flammable liquids or gases, combustible materials and electrical apparatus

Pre-planning

Hot work permit (site specific)

Handling and storage of flammable materials

Symbols

Fuels

o Diesel

o Gasoline

o Propane

o Natural gas

Ventilation

o Purging

Lubricants

Oily rags

Combustible metals

Aerosols

4 Describe the considerations and steps to be taken prior to fighting a fire

Warning others and fire department

Evacuation of others

Fire contained and not spreading

Personal method of egress

Training

5 Describe the procedure for using a fire extinguisher

Extinguisher selection

Prevent and identify various classes of fires.

Select appropriate fire extinguishers for the class of fire and environmental condition.


P.A.S.S.

o Pull

o Aim

o Squeeze

o Sweep


Line (GAC): B USE TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Competency: B1 Use Hand Tools Objectives To be competent in this area, the individual must be able to:


1 Describe hand tools used in the trade Files

Metal saws

Taps and dies

Chisels, drifts, punches

Hammers

Woodworking tools

Gasket forming tools

Wrenches

Wheel and gear pullers

Pliers

Shears and snips

Screwdrivers

Tube benders

Flaring tools

Tube cutters

2 Use hand tools Types

Parts

Purpose/uses

Procedures/operations

Safety

Adjustment

Inspection

Maintenance

Storage

The learner will be able to select hand tools appropriate to refrigeration and air conditioning installation.

The learner will be able to use hand tools.

The learner will be able to inspect and maintain hand tools.


Line (GAC): B USE TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Competency: B2 Use Power Tools Objectives To be competent in this area, the individual must be able to:


1 Describe power tools Electric

Pneumatic

Powder actuated

o Training requirements

o Types of charges

o Types of fasteners

o Methods of propulsion

Impact tools

Cutting tools

Grinding and abrasive tools

Threading tools

Drilling and boring tools

Power hacksaws

Specialty tools

o Fusion tools

o Power crimpers

o Grooving tools

o T-Drill

o Hot tapping

Accessories

2 Use portable power tools Types

Parts

Guards

Purpose/uses


Capacities

Safety

Adjustment

Inspection

Select power tools appropriate to refrigeration and air conditioning installation.

Use power tools.

Inspect and maintain power tools.


Maintenance

Storage

3 Use powder actuated tools Types and applications of charges and fasteners

Safe operation

Maintenance


Line (GAC): B USE TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Competency: B3 Use Measuring and Levelling Tools Objectives To be competent in this area, the individual must be able to:


1 Describe precision measuring tools Types

o Micrometers

o Manometers

o Indicators

o Vernier calipers

o Feeler gauges

o Tachometers

o Gauge manifold

o Vacuum gauge

Reading the scales

Imperial and metric scales

Accuracy

2 Use precision measuring tools Measure

Record

3 Describe levelling tools Types

o Rules

o Plumbs

o Square

o Levels

o Chalk line

Applications

o Levelling

o Aligning

4 Use levelling tools Procedures

Care and maintenance

5 Describe electric meters Types

o Voltmeter

Describe measuring and levelling tools.

Use measuring and levelling tools.

Use electric meters.


o Ammeter

o Ohmmeter

o Megger

o Capacitor tester

Applications

6 Use electric meters Choosing correct scale

Interpreting readings

Procedures

Care and maintenance


Line (GAC): B USE TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Competency: B4 Use Cutting, Brazing and Soldering Equipment Objectives To be competent in this area, the individual must be able to:


1 Describe oxy-acetylene equipment Parts

o Oxygen cylinders

o Acetylene cylinders

o Regulators

o Gauges

o Spark arrestors

o Torches

o Hoses

Properties of oxygen and acetylene

o Physical and chemical

o Cylinder construction and care

o Thread compounds

o Hazards

Safety Devices

o Flashback arrester

o Fusible plugs

o Storage caps

o Rupture disks

2 Describe cutting, brazing and soldering techniques

Selection

Procedure

Limitations

Inspection

3 Use oxy-acetylene equipment Safety

Transportation of Dangerous Goods legislation

Ventilation

Flammable material recognition

Types

Parts

Purpose/uses

o Brazing

o Cutting

Select cutting, brazing and soldering equipment appropriate to refrigeration and air conditioning installation.

Use cutting, brazing and soldering equipment.

Inspect and maintain cutting, brazing and soldering equipment.



o Setup

o Take down

o Tip selection

o Alloy selection

o Flux selection

Adjustment

Inspection

Labelling of cylinders for use

Minor maintenance

Storage

4 Describe air-acetylene Applications/uses

Operating pressures

Maintenance of tips and regulators

Safe handling and storage

5 Use air-acetylene Silver brazing

o Preparing equipment

o Cleaning joints

o Filler metal

o Practical applications

o Preparation of material

o Application of heat

o Application of filler

o Importance of fit

o Uses of Sil-Fos

o 45% silver alloys

o Fluxes

Soft soldering

o Use of soft solder

o Joint preparation

o Positions

o Application of heat

Safety

o Goggles and shields

o Clothing

o Boots

o Gloves

o Ventilation

o Fire hazard

o Housekeeping


Achievement Criteria:

1 Performance The learner will use oxy-acetylene equipment to complete a steel cutting project.

Conditions The learner will be given:

Project specifications

Tools and materials

Criteria The learner will score 70% or better on a rating sheet that reflects the following criteria:

Safety

Appearance

Accuracy

2 Performance The learner will braze and solder.


Materials

Specifications


Penetration

Accuracy

Appearance

Pressure test

Safety


Line (GAC): B USE TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

Competency: B5 Use Access Equipment

Objectives

To be competent in this area, the individual must be able to:

Describe ladders, scaffolds and aerial work platforms.

Select and use ladders and scaffolds.

Describe the safe use of aerial work platforms.


1 Describe ladders Types

o Step

o Extension and straight

o Access

Uses

2 Use ladders Hazard recognition

Selection

Inspection

Safety regulations

o Fall arrest equipment

Operating procedures

Limitations

Securing

Maintenance

Manufacturers recommendations

o Selection

o Limitations

Care and storage

3 Describe scaffolds Types

o Tube and coupler

o End frame

o Baker’s

Parts

o Outriggers

o Guardrails

o Wheels

o Feet


o Toe boards

o Clips and locking devices

o Coupling pins

o Jacks

o Platforms/planks

o Tie backs

4 Use scaffolds Hazard recognition

Selection

Inspection

Safety regulations

Erecting and dismantling

Access

Fall arrest equipment


Limitations

Securing

Maintenance

Manufacturers recommendations

Selection

Limitations

Care and storage

5 Describe aerial lifts Types

o Scissor and vertical lifts

o Boom lifts, straight mast and articulated boom

Training requirements

Regulations

Parts

o Base section

o Elevating section

o Platform section

Safety

o Fulcrum point

o Load capacity rating

o Centre of gravity

o Side slope and grade

6 Describe fuel types and batteries Site specific selection

Gas and diesel

Propane

Batteries


7 Describe safe operation of aerial lifts Limitations

Pre-shift inspection

o Log book/check off sheet

o Manual

o Machine certification

Loading the platform

Operating the lift

Working on the platform

Energized power lines

Care and storage



Competency: B6 Use Rigging, Hoisting and Lifting Equipment

Objectives


Describe hoisting, lifting and rigging equipment.

Tie knots, bends and hitches.

Select and use hoisting, lifting and rigging equipment.


1 Describe the principles of lifting and hoisting

Mechanical advantage

Balance points

2 Describe hoisting, lifting and rigging equipment

Lifting and hoisting

o Cranes

o Boom trucks

o Loaders

o Helicopter

o Tirfors

o Come-alongs

o Chain falls

o Accessories

o Slings

o Chokes

o Shackles

o Chains

o Tag lines

o Spreader bars

o Snatch blocks

o Turnbuckles

3 Describe lifting and hoisting communication

Types, purposes and meanings

o Hand signals

o Radio communication with the operator

o Communication with others

4 Tie knots, bends and hitches Parts of a rope

Types

o Half hitch

o Timber hitch


o Rolling hitch

o Clove hitch

o Figure of eight

o Reef knot

o Sheet bend

o Bowline

o Bowline on a bight

o Trucker’s hitch

Purposes

Limitations

5 Describe use of hoisting, lifting and rigging equipment

Safety

Certification requirements

Estimation of weights

Equipment capacities

Equipment selection

Lifting location


Communication/hand signals

Securing of loads

Equipment inspection

Equipment maintenance

Equipment storage

Disposal procedures



Competency: B7 Use Charging, Evacuation and Recovery Tools

Objectives


Use charging, evacuation and recovery tools.

Inspect and maintain charging, evacuation and recovery tools.


1 Use gauge manifold Service valves

Inspect equipment for damage

o Cracked hoses and seals

o Broken glasses and dials

Schrader fittings

Colour coding

Zeroing gauges

2 Use vacuum pumps Maintenance

o Oil

- Importance of clean oil

- Maintain adequate oil levels

o Regular cleaning

o Inspect and replace components

- Gauges

- O-rings

- Seals

Ballast valves

o Gauge manifold

o Micron gauge

Verify and test

o Micron gauges

Dehydration techniques

o High vacuum pumps

- Dehydrating with a vacuum

o Measuring a high vacuum

o Pump performance

- Recommended capacities for application

o Limiting factors

o Triple evacuation


o Use of high-dry nitrogen

Storage of equipment

o Secure position

o Prevent oil spillage

3 Use recovery/recycling equipment Follow manufacturer’s instructions at all times

Inspect equipment for damage

Clean and test equipment

o Recovery units

o Hoses

Check and clean screens and filters

o Prevent blockage

o Proper refrigerant filtration

Check and verify certification of cylinders

Mark and label recovered refrigerants and their state of condition

Storage of refrigerant cylinders

o Secure

o Upright position

o Within rated temperature

o Follow WHMIS procedures

Achievement Criteria

Performance The learner will be able to perform evacuation and refrigerant recovery.


Vacuum pump

Recovery machine

Gauge manifold

Micron gauge

Recovery cylinder

Refrigerant scale


Accuracy

Proper equipment use

Safety



Competency: B8 Use Computers

Objectives


Describe computer components and terminology.

Create, use and save basic documents using the computer.

Describe advanced computer technology as it relates to refrigeration and air conditioning installations.


1 Describe components CPU

Monitor

Software

2 Describe terminology RAM

ROM

Memory

Bit

3 Describe operating systems Basic functions and features

o Create files

o Save files

o Directories

Software programs

o Documents

o Charts and graphs

System requirements

o Video

o Speed

o Drive storage

4 Describe advanced computer technology Connect to automated control systems

Program parameters on computers and user-interface panels

o Set-up operation of systems

Use on-board functions

o Monitor problems

o Diagnose problems

Communication function of computers


Line (GAC): C ORGANIZE WORK

Competency: C-1 Use Trade Related Mathematics

Objectives


Use mathematics to solve problems in the Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic trade.


1 Add, subtract, multiply and divide Whole numbers

Fractions

Decimals

Percentages

Ratios

Proportion

2 Transpose formulas Hierarchy

Processes

3 Use formulas to calculate area Circles, cylinders, squares, rectangles, triangles

4 Use formulas to calculate volumes Cylinders, rectangular tanks, square tanks

5 Use formulas to calculate lineal measurements

Perimeter

Circumference

6 Use formulas to calculate capacity Imperial gallons, US gallons, litres

7 Perform conversions between metric and imperial systems

Length

Volume

Capacity

Area

Mass

Weight

Heat energy

Temperature

o Fahrenheit

o Centigrade

o Kelvin


o Rankine

Pressure

o Absolute

o Gauge

8 Calculate piping measurements Terms

o Thread allowance

o Fitting allowance

o End to end

o End to centre

o Centre to centre

o Face to face

o End to back

o End to face

o Back to back

o Socket depth

Calculations

Grades

Elevations

Benchmarks

9 Use the Pythagorean theorem of right angles

Hypotenuse

Side opposite

Side adjacent

10 Calculate offsets using the applicable trigonometric function

Sine

Cosine

Tangent



Competency: C2 Describe Trade Related Science

Objectives


Describe fundamental concepts as they relate to refrigeration and air conditioning installations.


1 Describe properties of matter The elements

o Atom

o Molecule

o Compounds

Molecular weight

o Movement of molecules

o Molecular cohesion

o Molecular movement and heat

States of matter

o Gas

o Liquids

o Solids

Measurement of matter

o Volume

o Density

Effect of heat on matter

o Expansion

- Linear

- Cubical

o Coefficients of expansion

2 Describe properties of heat Heat energy

o Definition

o Kinetic theory

Types of heat

o Sensible

o Latent

o Superheat/subcooling

o Specific

Intensity of heat

o Temperature sensation

o Temperature scales – conversion


o Type of thermometers

Quantity of heat

o Difference between temperature and quantity

o BTU

o Specific heat

Heat transfer

o Direction of flow

o Conduction

o Convection

o Radiation

Factors that affect rate of flow

o Insulation types and requirements

Change of state

o Latent heat of vaporization

o Saturated and superheated vapour

o Saturated and subcooled liquids

o Pressure – temperature relationship

Pressure

o Atmospheric pressure

o Units of pressure and vacuum

o Measurement of pressure

Saturated gases

o Behaviour of saturated gases

o Saturated refrigerants

o Saturation tables

Superheated gases

o Characteristics

o Transition from a saturated gas

3 Describe gas laws Converting units to absolute scale

Charles’ Law

o Constant volume processes

Boyle’s Law

o Constant temperature processes (isothermal)

Gay Lussac’s Law

o Constant pressure processes

Dalton’s Law

o Partial pressures

General Gas Law aka perfect gas equation

Relationship using refrigerant vapours

o Compare ideal gas to refrigerant vapour

4 Describe properties of materials Types and applications of materials


Strength of materials

o Kinds of stress

o Cause of stress

o Elastic limits

Properties of materials

o Ductility

o Elasticity

o Corrosion resistance

o Conductivity

Heat treatment of metal

o Annealing

o Hardening

o Tool steel

o Mild steel

Alloys

o Ferrous metals

o Non-ferrous metals

Metal failure

o Causes

o Overload

o Vibration

o Friction

5 Describe forms of energy Energy sources

o Mechanical

o Electrical

o Chemical

o Heat

Classifications of energy

o Kinetic

o Potential

Expenditure of energy

o Work and horsepower

o Units of work

o Methods of calculating

o Efficiency



Competency: C3 Read Drawings and Specifications

Objectives


Use drafting tools.

Use drafting symbols, lettering and line conventions.

Convert between isometric and orthographic projections.

Interpret information found on a set of drawings.


1 Describe drafting tools and materials Drawing boards

T-squares

Triangles

Protractors

Scale rulers

Compasses

Dividers

Templates

2 Use scale rulers to determine actual dimensions from a drawing

Types

Typical scales

3 Describe drawing symbols currently used in the trade

Pipe fittings

Components

Accessories

Electrical

Sheet metal

Architectural

Coordinates

4 Describe lettering and dimensioning in drawings

Hidden lines

Object lines

Border lines

Center lines

Dimension lines

Extension lines

Phantom lines

Cutting plane lines


5 Describe drawing projections Isometric

Orthographic

o Elevations

o Plan

o Section

Oblique

Views

Elevations

6 Use drawing projections Isometric

7 Interpret mechanical drawings Interpret specifications

Read architectural prints


Performance The learner will create an isometric drawing from a set of orthographic drawings.

Conditions The learner will require:

A set of orthographic drawings

Sketching tools

Paper


Correct use of symbols, lines and lettering



Competency: C4 Uses Codes, Regulations and Standards

Objectives


Identify refrigerants and code classifications.

Describe Code regulations as they apply to liquid receivers.

Apply Code regulations when sizing receivers and pressure testing.

Describe local and national halocarbon regulations.

Complete the CFC/HCFC/HFC Control Course as per Government course.


1 Describe B-52 Code

Identify refrigerants and code classifications

o Classifications

- Group 1

- Group 2

- Group 3

- Maximum quantities

- Requirements for occupancies

Describe characteristics for Group 1 and Group 2 refrigerants

o Formula and number

Describe Code as applied to liquid receivers

o Sections 6 and 9

o Sizing receivers by Code

Describe Pressure Testing Requirements

o Field installed piping system

o Pressure relief devices

2 Describe local and national halocarbon regulations

Review updated regulations

o Supplier speaker

3 Complete CFC/HCFC/HFC Control Course

As per Government course



Competency: C5 Develop Communication Skills

Objectives


Demonstrate use of effective communication skills.

Describe and complete trade related documentation.

Reference trade related sources and materials.


1 Demonstrate communication skills Apprentice/Journeyperson relations

Employee/employer relations

Customer relations

Basic sales skills

Communicate with other trades people

2 Use trade related documentation Types

o Repair orders

o Purchase orders

o Preventative/predictive maintenance sheets

o Service and operating manuals

o Technical bulletins

o Inspection forms

o Service records

o Warranties

o Estimate

o Transportation of dangerous goods (TDG) forms

o Refrigerant management records

o Material safety data sheets (MSDS)

o Time cards/sheet

o Vehicle inspection reports

o Bill of materials

o Site safety survey

Procedures used to complete documentation

Installation instructions and requirements

Proprietary product documentation

Certification agencies


3 Use reference material Tables

Charts

Product specifications

Technical bulletins

Wholesaler catalogues

Manufacturers’ websites

Warranty information

o Activation

o Claims



Competency: C6 Plan a Project

Objectives


Describe a refrigeration and air conditioning system installation project.

Select the proper procedure for handling refrigeration and air conditioning system materials.


LEARNING TASKS CONTENT 1 Describe organization of a project Project specifications

Safety

Sequence of operation

Prioritization

Coordination with other trades

Estimate

Tools and equipment

Inventory requirements

o Secure storage

o Time delivery

o Labelling materials

o Stock maintenance

o Consumables

Checklist utilization

Cost efficiency

Post job efficiency analysis

2 Describe considerations when handling materials

Safety

Availability

Storage

Timing/sequencing

Work platforms

Labelling

Moving

Product protection

Disposal

Recycling

Procedures

Securing

Packaging/shipping


Line (GAC): D APPLY FUNDAMENTALS OF REFRIGERATION

Competency: D1 Use of Refrigerants

Objectives


Describe the properties of refrigerants.

Use a PE chart.


1 Describe properties of refrigerants Properties at saturation

o Refrigerant tables

Pressure enthalpy chart

o Use/purpose

o Construction of chart

Refrigerants and oil

o Solubility in the crankcase

o Solubility in the evaporator

Refrigerant and metal relationships

o Compatibility

o Combinations to avoid

Performance of refrigerants

o Evaporator pressure

o Condenser pressure

o Compression ratio

o Displacement per ton

o Horsepower per ton

o Discharge temperature

o Applications

Toxicity

o Physiological effect of halogenated refrigerants

o Effect of long term exposure

o Signs of over-exposure

o Exposure to heat

- Flammability

- Decomposition

- Phosgene and chlorine

- Acids


2 Use PE Chart Plotting cycle diagrams

Calculate



Competency: D3 Describe Compressors

Objectives


Describe compressors.


1 Describe compressors Types

o Rotary

o Reciprocating

o Scroll

Types of drives

o Open

o Semi hermetic

o Welded hermetic

Applications

o Residential

o Commercial

o Industrial

Performance

o Capacity

- Calculating theoretical and actual displacement

- Factors limiting performance



Competency: D4 Describe Evaporators

Objectives


Describe evaporators.


1 Describe evaporators Types

Location

Requirements

Applications



Competency: D5 Describe Condensers

Objectives


Describe condensers.


1 Describe condensers Types

Location

Requirements

Applications



Competency: D6 Use Metering Devices

Objectives


Identify types of metering devices.


1 Identify metering devices Types

o Fixed orifice

o Capillary tubes

o Hand expansion valve

o Automatic expansion valve

o Thermostatic expansion valve

o Electronic expansion valve


Line (GAC): E APPLY ELECTRICAL CONCEPTS

Competency: E1 Apply Basic Electrical Concepts

Objectives


Explain basic electrical concepts and transformer theory.

Solve simple problems using Ohm’s and Kirchhoff’s Laws.

Describe single phase and three phase power supplies.


1 Explain fundamentals of electricity Basic principles

o Atomic theory

o Electron flow

o Conductors - insulators

o Kinds of electricity

- AC current

- DC current

- Static electricity

Properties of wire

o Resistance

o Calculating resistance

o Effect of temperature

o Types of wires and cables

DC circuits and measurements

o Ohm’s Law

o Measurement of voltage and amperage

o Resistors in parallel and series

o Power and energy

o Closing and opening DC circuits

AC circuits and measurements

o Inductance

o AC amperage

o Resistance

o Impedance

o Capacitance

o Power factor

Fundamentals of magnetism

o Natural and artificial magnets

o Magnetic fields

o Strength of field


o Force on two wires

o Permeability

2 Use laws and formulas Ohm’s Law

Kirchhoff’s Law

Solve simple problems

3 Describe single phase power characteristics

AC power distribution

o Generation and transmission

o Voltage drop

o Step-down transformer

Power available

Single phase power supply

o 3-wire, dual voltage

Circuit protection

o Fuses

o Circuit breakers

4 Describe three phase power characteristics

AC power distribution

o Generation and transmission

o Voltage drop

o Step-down transformer

Power available

Three phase power supply

o Delta

o Wye

5 Explain transformer theory Type of transformers

o Step-up

o Step-down

o Isolation

o Ratings



Competency: E2 Use Electrical Wiring Schematics

Objectives


Identify circuit components.

Analyze simple circuits.


1 Identify circuit components Types of diagrams

o Ladder

o Schematic

o Pictorial

o Wiring

Sketch schematic diagrams

o Power source

o Addition of power circuits

o Addition of control circuits

Symbols used in schematic diagrams

Read schematics

o Identifying components

o Determining function of circuit

o Identifying control circuits

- Parallel circuits

- Series circuits

Apply circuit diagrams

o Troubleshooting techniques

- Hop-scotching a circuit

2 Analyze simple circuits Safety

o Lock out and fuse removal

o Vigilance

o First aid for electrical shock

Test circuits

o Voltage test

o Amperage test

o Continuity test

Analyze readings

o Compare to manufacturer’s data

o Compare to previous readings


o Compare to expected data

o Reasons for unexpected readings



Competency: E3 Apply Single Phase Motor Theory

Objectives


Describe single phase motors.

Disassemble and reassemble single phase motors.


1 Identify motor components Types of components

Disassembly

Reassembly

2 Describe characteristics and operation of single phase motors

AC theory

o Electromagnetic theory

o Induction motors

Split phase motors

Capacitor start motors

Capacitor run motors

Shaded pole motors

Dual voltage motors

Motor starting relays

o Current

o Potential

o PTC

3 Describe motor protection Motor protection

o Inherent protectors

o Line overloads

o Heaters

o Circuit breakers

o Effects of ambient temperature

Magnetic contactors

o Types

o Operation

o Application and ratings

o Starters

o Line voltage control

- Start-stop control

- Hand-off-auto control

Line voltage control

o 115 volt

o 230 volt



Performance The learner will disassemble and reassemble a single phase motor.



Tools and materials


Safety

Accuracy

Completeness



Competency: E4 Apply Three Phase Motor Theory

Objectives


Describe three phase power supplies, their characteristics, components and operation.


1 Describe three phase motors Three phase supplies

o Delta supply

o Wye (Y) supply

Characteristics

Components

Operation


Line (GAC): F PLAN AND INSTALL REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

Competency: F2 Analyze Refrigeration Systems

Objectives


Describe basic refrigeration systems.

Describe PE chart and determining factors causing variations in cycles.

Analyze factors limiting performance.


1 Describe basic refrigeration systems

Open cycle

o Evaporative cooling

o Expendable refrigerants

Closed cycle

o System components

o Refrigerant tables

o Evaporation

o Vapour compression

o Condensation

o Coefficient of performance

2 Describe mechanical refrigeration cycles Simple saturated cycle

o Review simple R-134a cycle on PE chart

Variations in cycle using a PE chart

o Superheating suction vapour

o Subcooling the liquid

o Using heat exchanger

o Pressure drops

o Change in suction pressure

o Change in discharge pressure

o Change in volumetric efficiency of compressor

3 Describe operating controls Thermostat and pressure controls

Secondary controls

Control sequence



Competency: F6 Install Piping and Tubing

Objectives


Prepare and install piping materials in refrigeration and air conditioning systems.

Join piping and fittings.



1 Use piping materials

Copper tube

o Types

o Characteristics

o Standard sizes

o Wall thickness

Fittings and connectors

o Types

- Flare

- Compression

- Threaded

- Sweat

o Applications

Coiled tubes

o Kinking

o Straightening

o Methods and importance of keeping it clean

Use tube cutters

o Avoid burrs

o Removing burrs

o Cutting capillary tube

Use piping materials

o Prepare and install piping material

- Flaring and swaging

- Bending

- Determining route for pipe

- Use of nitrogen

- Pipe hangers

- Expansion joints

- Vibration control


- Insulation

2 Describe methods of pipe support Types

o Hangers

o Supports

o Seismic

o Anchors

o Guides

o Slide plates

Compatibility with piping

Size

Spacing

Fasteners

o Beam clamps

o Drop-in anchors

o Draw bolts

o Toggle bolts

Building construction

o Wood

o Brick

o Concrete

o Steel

o Plaster

Interferences

Insulation thickness

Elevation of hangers

Attachment methods

Tools and equipment

3 Describe methods of protecting piping Frost protection

o Heat tape and insulation

o Circulating pumps

Ultraviolet protection

Corrosion protection

o Coatings

o Tape

Physical damage

o Protective plates

o Sleeving

o Grommets

Protective measures

o Insulating

o Water treatment

o Dielectric protection


4 Describe the inspection of pipe before installation

Potential defects

o Pin holes

o Cracked fittings

o Bent ends

o Uneven casting

o Damaged pipe and coatings

Environmental effects

Inspection techniques

o Visual

o Eddy current testing

Interpretation of markings

Checking against specifications

5 Install tubing and pipe Types

Sizes

Uses

Hazards

Safety

Measuring procedures

Selection for application

Calculations

o Length

o Fitting allowances

o Offsets

o Gain or loss

Cutting

Bending

Tools and equipment


Performance The learner will install a piping project.



Tools and materials


Safety

Soldering

Brazing

Swaging

Flaring

Pressure testing


Level 2




Competency: B3 Use Measuring and Levelling Tools

Objectives


Describe air measurement tools.


1 Describe air measurement tools U-tube manometer

Digital manometer

Inclined manometer

Anemometer

Velometer

Balometer

Magnehelic




Objectives


Use appropriate software programs to calculate cooler loads.


1 Calculate refrigeration loads using a software program

Importance of inputting correct data to get accurate output

Knowledge of manual methods is essential to check that output is correct

Printing input and output schedules in order to verify that all data is correct



Competency: C4 Use Codes, Regulations and Standards

Objectives


Describe Code regulations as they apply to field assembly and testing.

Describe Code regulations as they apply to Class T machinery rooms.


1 Describe B-52 Code Review Code for field assembly and testing

Review Code for Class T machinery rooms

o Ammonia



Competency: C6 Plan a Project

Objectives


Plan a refrigeration project including equipment selection, cost and time estimating.


1 Perform plan take-offs to establish material and labour components

Terminology

Calculations

Documents

Factors to consider

o Site conditions

o Application

o Available power

o Service ability

o Scheduling/time

o Material selection

o Customer specifications


Performance The learner will plan an installation of a refrigeration system from drawings and specifications including materials and project costs.


Drawings

Specifications


Accuracy

Completeness

Efficiency



Competency: D2 Use of Lubricants

Objectives


Describe lubrication systems and components.

Analyze lubricants.


1 Describe lubrication systems and components

Types of systems

Types of components

Controlling oil

o Oil separators

o Piping for oil return

2 Analyze lubricants Types of oil

Refrigeration oils

o Properties of oils

o Oil and refrigerant mixtures

Sources of contamination

Acid testing



Competency: D3 Describe Compressors

Objectives


Describe the use and operation of compressors used in commercial and industrial refrigeration systems.


1 Describe compressors Types

o Centrifugal

o Screw

Applications

o Commercial

o Industrial

Operation

Lubrication

2 Describe compressor features Components

Types of drives

Applications



Competency: D4 Describe Evaporators

Objectives


Describe the use and operation of evaporators.


1 Describe evaporators Applications

o Residential

o Commercial

o Industrial

Evaporation

o Change of state

o Cooling effect

Dry expansion evaporators

o Types of construction

o Plate evaporators

o Finned evaporators

o Liquid cooling evaporators

Flooded evaporators

2 Describe defrost requirements Types

Need for defrost



Competency: D5 Describe Condensers

Objectives


Describe the use and operation of condensers.


1 Describe condensers Applications

o Residential

o Commercial

o Industrial

Condensing process

o Sources of heat to be rejected

o Stages of heat removal

Condensing medium

o Air

o Water

- Open

City

Well

Tower

- Closed

Tower

Fluid Cooler

Geothermal

o Evaporative




Objectives


Describe types, operation and application of metering devices.


1 Describe metering devices Fixed orifice

o Theory of operation

o Selection and application

o Service problems

Capillary tubes



o Service problems

Hand expansion valve

o Principles of operation

o Applications

Automatic expansion valve


o Advantages and limitations

o Used to control temperature

o Applications

Thermostatic expansion valve


o Types of power element

o Types of equalization

o Pressure limiting TXV’s


o Installation and service

Electronic expansion valve



o Installation and service

2 Size metering devices Select

Size



Competency: D7 Describe Accessories

Objectives


Describe the use and operation of accessories in refrigeration systems.


1 Describe accessories Driers

o Desiccants

Sight glass/moisture indicators

Refrigerant distributors

o Types

o Purpose

o Sizing and selection

Evaporator pressure regulators

o Function

o Principle of operation

o Applications

Crankcase pressure regulators

o Function


o Applications

Condensing pressure regulators

o Function


o Applications

Receivers

o Types

o Function


o Applications

Accumulators

o Types

o Function


o Applications




Objectives


Explain transformers as they are used in a refrigeration and air conditioning system.

Explain the operation of modulating motors used in a refrigeration and air conditioning system.


1 Explain transformers Wye or Star

Delta

o Open

o Closed

2 Explain modulating motor operations Types used by series

Method of control

o Electric

o Electronic




Objectives


Analyze causes of motor failure.

Analyze causes of semi and hermetic compressor motor failure.


1 Analyze causes of motor failure Design operating conditions

o Rating of motor

o Amperage and voltage

o Motor efficiency

o Motor heat

o Application

Common causes of motor failure

o Will not start

o Will not keep running

o Trips protector

o Short cycles

o Relay failures

o Capacitor failures

2 Analyze causes of semi and hermetic compressor motor failure

Service semi and hermetic compressors

o Tools and equipment

o Techniques for testing

o Freeing locked units

o Using test cords and instruments

Cause of burned out semi and hermetic compressor

o Examine system

o Oil testing

o Correct replacement

o System clean up

Rating of semi and hermetic compressor

o BTU

o Horsepower





Objectives


Identify types of three phase motors and their components.

Describe characteristics and operation of three phase motors.

Analyze causes of motor failure.

Analyze causes of semi and hermetic compressor motor failure.


1 Identify types of motors Squirrel cage

Wound rotor

Motor components

o Windings

o Bearings

o Connections

o Cooling fans

2 Describe characteristics and operation of three phase motors

Three phase rotating field

o Delta connected

o Wye connected

- Reduced voltage

Characteristics

o Speed and torque

o Ratings

o Applications

3 Analyze causes of motor failure Design operating conditions

o Rating of motor


o Motor efficiency

o Motor heat

o Application

Common causes of motor failure

o Will not start

o Will not keep running

o Trips protector

o Short cycles


4 Analyze causes of semi and hermetic compressor motor failure

Service semi and hermetic compressors

o Tools and equipment

o Techniques for testing

o Freeing locked units

o Using test cords and instruments

Cause of burned out semi and hermetic compressor

o Examine system

o Oil testing

o Correct replacement

o System clean up

Rating of semi and hermetic compressor

o BTU

o Horsepower




Competency: F1 Analyze Heat Pump and Air Conditioning Systems

Objectives


Describe properties of air as it relates to the air conditioning process.

Describe the psychrometric process.

Read values and plot points using a psychrometric chart.

Analyze fan systems, use fan laws and performance curves.

Describe the use and operation of various air filtration and purification systems.

Describe the use and operation of an air-to-air heat exchanger.


1 Describe properties of air Composition of air

Air quantities

Water vapour content

Heat content

2 Describe psychrometric process Psychrometric Chart

o Structure of the chart

o Reading values from the chart

o Plotting points on the chart

o Effect of changing conditions on comfort levels

3 Analyze fan systems Types

o Axial

o Centrifugal

Fan performance

Fan Laws and performance curves

Ducting

o Duct design

o Duct layout

o Duct sizing

o Low velocity ducts

o Static regain

o Equal friction

o High velocity ducts

o Noise control


Air outlets

o Types

o Room air distribution

o Balancing

o K-factor

Air intakes

o Types

o Room air distribution

o Balancing

o K-factor


Performance The learner will read values and plot points using a Psychrometric Chart.



Tools and material


Accuracy

Completeness

4 Describe air filtration and purification Types of contaminants and reasons for removal

Type of filters

o Degrees of filtration

o Sizes of particles

o Maintenance


Electronic air cleaners

o Operation

o Maintenance

o Troubleshooting

UV air purifiers

o Operation

o Maintenance

o Troubleshooting

5 Describe air-to-air heat exchangers Use and operation

Fixed plate

Heat wheel

Heat pipe




Objectives


Describe factors effecting component balancing in refrigeration and air conditioning systems.

Use a PE chart when balancing components.

Describe the use and operation of multi-temperature and centrifugal systems.


1 Analyze mechanical refrigeration systems Component balancing

o Load factors

o Performance diagrams

o Evaporator performance

o Compressor performance

o Condenser performance

o PE chart

2 Describe multi-temperature systems Single temperature systems

Multi-temperature systems

Flow control valves

Means of system control

3 Describe chilled water systems Types

o Centrifugal

o Screw

o Reciprocating

Description

Use

Operation



Competency: F3 Apply Food Storage Fundamentals

Objectives


Describe general categories of refrigeration applications and principles of food preservation.

Analyze medium and low temperature storage methods.

Calculate cooler and freezer loads.

Determine insulation requirements.


1 Describe principles of food preservation Refrigeration applications

Food preservation

o Causes of spoilage

o Methods of preventing spoilage

o Factors affecting storage life

2 Analyze medium temperature storage Fresh food storage

o Classification by storage requirements

o Properties of food products

Fresh meat storage

o Storage conditions

o Display storage

3 Analyze low temperature storage Methods of freezing

o Quick freezing

o Sharp freezing

o Immersion freezing

o Contact freezing

Properties of foods

o Freezing temperatures

o Storage temperatures

o Life of frozen foods

4 Analyze insulation requirements Types and insulating values

Insulated walls

Vapour barrier

Application and selection

Calculate


o R-values

o U-values

5 Calculate cooler loads Heat loads

o Floral cooler

o Meat storage room

o Fresh vegetable cooler

o Beer storage cooler

Components of heat loads

o Wall transmission

o Air change load

o Product load

o Miscellaneous loads

Equipment selection

o Total load

o Hours run time

o Selecting evaporator coil for correct TD

6 Calculate freezer loads Heat loads

o Pull down freezer

o Storage freezer

Product freezing load

o Three components

o Run time

o Equipment selection



Competency: F4 Install Heat Pump and Air Conditioning Systems and Accessories

Objectives


Describe heat pump and air conditioning systems.

Prepare for the installation of heat pump and air conditioning systems.

Describe factors to consider when performing system start up.


1 Identify codes and supporting documentation

Codes

Regulations

Manufacturers’ specifications

2 Describe types of air conditioners Air cooled

o Application

o Operation

Water cooled

o Application

o Operation

Evaporative

o Application

o Operation

3 Describe types of heat pumps Air source

o Application

o Operation

Water source

o Application

o Operation

Geothermal

o Application

o Operation

4 Describe fans, mechanical drives, air filters and their components

Types

Characteristics

Purposes

Applications

Operation


5 Install fans, mechanical drives, air filters and their components

Procedures

Fan performance curve charts

Factors that affect fan performance

6 Prepare for system installation Tools and equipment

Components

Piping and fittings

Ancillary devices

Electrical diagrams

Piping schematic diagrams

7 Describe procedures used for system installation

Piping

Wiring

Leak testing

Evacuation

Charging

8 Describe factors to consider when performing system start up

Phasing, voltage imbalance and amperage

Refrigerant charge adjustments

Oil levels

Operating pressures and temperatures

System control adjustments

Manufacturers' recommendations



Competency: F5 Install Refrigeration Systems and Accessories

Objectives


Describe refrigeration system.

Prepare for the installation of refrigeration system.

Describe factors to consider when performing system start up.


1 Identify codes and supporting documentation

Codes

Regulations

Manufacturers’ specifications

2 Describe refrigeration system types Temperature applications

o Medium temperature

o Low temperature

o Ultra-low/Cryogenic

Systems

o Stand alone

o Racks

o Satellites

o Distributed

3 Describe fans, mechanical drives and their components

Types

Characteristics

Purposes

Applications

Operation

4 Describe procedures used for system installation

Piping

Wiring

Leak testing

Evacuation

Charging

5 Prepare for system installation Tools and equipment

Components


Piping and fittings

Ancillary devices

Electrical diagrams

Piping schematic diagrams

6 Install fans, mechanical drives and their components

Procedures

Fan performance curve charts

Factors that affect fan performance

7 Describe factors to consider when performing system start up



Oil levels





Line (GAC): H MAINTAIN AND SERVICE REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

Competency: H1 Maintain HVAC and Refrigeration Systems

Objectives


Perform routine maintenance on fans, mechanical drives, air filters and air cleaners, and their components.


1 Maintain fans and mechanical drives Performance

Factors affecting operation

2 Maintain air filters and air cleaners Inspect

Clean or replace

3 Check electrical components Wire tightness

Measure voltages and amperages

Visual inspection

4 Check lubricant levels Compressor oil levels

Lubricate grease points

5 Check for heat exchanger condition Cleanliness

Visual inspection

6 Maintain cooling tower Visual inspection

Cleaning

Lubrication

Safety

o PPE

o Confined space



Competency: H2 Service and Repair HVAC and Refrigeration Systems

Objectives


Identify contaminants and effects they have on an HVAC and refrigeration system.

Service existing HVAC and refrigeration systems.

Troubleshoot basic problems encountered in existing HVAC and refrigeration systems.


1 Service existing HVAC and refrigeration systems

Procedures

Servicing

2 Assess system problems Contaminants and effects on the system

o Moisture

o Non-condensable gases

o Wax

o Sources of contamination

Service procedures

o Pumping down

o Isolating components

o Opening the system

o Charging refrigerant

o Compressor oil level

o Superheat adjustment

o Basic problems

Gauge manifolds

o Use

o Safety

3 Demonstrate methods of leak detection Methods of halocarbon leak testing

o Halide torch

- Torch maintenance

- Operation

- Colour range

- Toxic vapours

o Electronic detectors

- Types

- Operation and maintenance


- Sensitivity

- Range of sensitivity

- Manufacturer’s instructions

Ammonia leak testing

o Sulphur stick

o Litmus paper


Level 3

Refrigeration and

Air Conditioning Mechanic (Refrigeration Mechanic)



Competency: B3 Use Measuring and Levelling Tools

Objectives


Calculate air flow using air measuring tools.

Measure RPMs.


1 Use air measuring tools Measure pressures

Measure velocity

Measure or calculate volume

2 Use a tachometer Measure RPM


Performance The learner will measure and calculate velocity and volume.



Tools and materials


Accuracy

Efficiency

Completeness




Objectives


Calculate air conditioning loads using a computer software program.

Calculate psychrometric problems using a computer software program.

Analyze refrigeration and air conditioning systems by using remote monitoring.


1 Use software to calculate loads Calculate heat loss/heat gains

o Peak load

o Average load

o 1% and 5% design

Calculate psychrometric problems

o Mixtures

o Processes

2 Analyze remote monitoring Reasons for monitoring

Data available

Hardware and software requirements

Access levels of authority

Examine sample system




Objectives


Troubleshoot and service metering devices.


1 Service metering devices Types

o Capillary tube systems

o Fixed orifices

o Hand expansion valve

o Automatic expansion valve

o Thermostatic expansion valve

o Electronic expansion valve

o Float valve

- High side

- Low side

Function

Adjustments and settings

Common problems and remedies



Competency: D7 Describe Accessories

Objectives


Explain methods of capacity control.

Describe valves.

Describe applications of various heat exchangers.


1 Explain methods of capacity control Load variations

o Factors to consider

o Effects of low load operation

Basic on/off control

o System cycling

o Temperature control

Evaporator capacity control

o Multiple evaporators

o Splitting circuits

o Control of air or water flow

Compressor capacity control

o Balance with evaporator load

o Methods of capacity control

- Variable speed

- Multiple compressors

- Mechanical unloaders

- Hot-gas bypass systems

2 Describe valves Stop valves

o Check valves

o Solenoid valves

Pilot operated valves

o Two position

o Modulating

3 Describe heat exchangers Types

Applications

o Liquid suction

o Desuperheaters

o Subcooling

Operation

Limitations




Objectives


Describe characteristics of Hermetic motors.

Describe the principles of operation for various relays, capacitors and motor protectors in a single phase motor.

Perform mechanical and electrical checks on single phase motors.

Describe ECM motors.


1 Describe characteristics of single phase motors

Hermetic motors

o Terminal arrangements

o Internal wiring

2 Check motor starting and protection devices

Potential relays


o Wiring diagrams

o Applications

Current relays


o Wiring diagrams

o Applications

PTC device


o Wiring diagrams

o Applications

Capacitors

o Run capacitors

o Start capacitors

Motor protectors

o Thermal

o Magnetic

o Inherent

o External

3 Check motor installation and operation Mechanic checks

o Belts

o Bearings


o Noise

o Changing rotation

Electrical checks

o Power and starting

o Check windings

4 Describe ECM motors Applications

Operation

Troubleshooting




Objectives


Check motor installation and operation.


1 Check motor installation and operation Mechanic checks

o Belts

o Bearings

o Noise

o Changing rotation

Electrical checks

o Voltage and amperage imbalance

o Check windings

2 Check motor protection Motor protectors

o Thermal

o Magnetic

o Inherent

o External



Competency: E5 Apply Electronic Concepts

Objectives


Explain basic and common electronic construction and characteristics.

Identify electronic devices.

Identify components in half-wave and full-wave rectifier circuits, their principles of operation and applications.


1 Explain electronic principles Basic electronic construction

o P-N junctions

o Impurities

o Depletion regions

o Forward and reverse bias

Common electronic characteristics

o Effects of heat

o Effects of over-current

2 Identify electronic devices Diodes

SCRs

Triacs

Solid state relays

3 Identify rectifier circuits Half-wave rectifier circuits

o Components


Full-wave rectifier circuits

o Components


o Applications



Competency: E6 Describe Control Technology

Objectives


Explain terminology used in control technology for refrigeration and air conditioning systems.

Describe advanced logic controls.

Describe building automation systems.

Describe electronic refrigerant monitoring and other safety monitoring systems.


1 Explain control terminology Types

Applications

Functions

Characteristics

Installation

Thermostats

o Line voltage

o Low-voltage

2 Describe advanced logic controls DC logic controls

o Components

o Function

o Integration

AC logic controls

o Components

o Function

o Integration

3 Describe building automation systems Reasons for monitoring

Data available

Industry standard signals

Data logging

Hardware and software requirements

o Input devices

o Output devices

Access levels of authority

Examine sample system


4 Describe electronic refrigerant monitoring Types

Applications

o Alarm

o Device interlocks

o Communications

o Locations

Operations

Code requirements

5 Describe other safety monitoring devices Gas detection devices

o Combustible gas detection

o CO2



Competency: F1 Analyze Heat Pump and Air Conditioning Systems

Objectives


Analyze factors effecting psychrometric processes.

Calculate unit capacities using a psychrometric chart.

Analyze factors effecting installation of a central fan system.

Determine comfort conditions and calculate air conditioning loads.

Describe various system configurations.


1 Analyze psychrometric processes Structure of psychrometric chart

o Lines and scales

o Finding a state point

Relationship of air and water

o Heat exchange between air and water

o Action of air in contact with water

Air conditioning processes

o Heating

o Cooling

o Heat and humidification

o Cooling and dehumidification

Air mixtures

o Indoor and outside air

- Percentage of mixture

- Bypass air

Calculate unit capacities

o Determining load from chart

o Coil selection

o Condensing unit selection

2 Analyze fan systems Central fan systems

o Basic layout

o Variations in systems

o Component operation

o Control of components

3 Calculate heat gain and heat loss Comfort conditions

o Environmental conditions


o Standard conditions

o Air distribution

Calculate total load

o Types

- Sensible

- Latent

o Sources

- Internal

- External

- Factors

- Conductivity

- Wall gain

- Body heat

- Ducting gains/losses

- Ventilation

- Lights and appliances

4 Describe heat pumps Reverse-cycle operation

o Types of reversing valves

o Construction and operation

o Applications

Heat pump operating cycles

o Cooling cycle

o Heating cycle

o Defrost cycle

Air to air heat pumps

o Basic theory

o Performance

o Causes of common faults

5 Describe system configurations Classifications

o Floor mounted

o Roof top

o Split systems

o Window units

System functions

o Single stage cooling

o Multi-stage cooling

o Single and multi-stage heat

o Features

o Heat sources

o Humidification

Roof top units


o Ratings

o Application

o Components

o Rigging and hoisting

o Installation

o Start-up procedures

6 Describe variable refrigerant flow systems Two pipe system

Three pipe system




Objectives


Describe defrost systems.


1 Describe defrost systems Natural defrost cycle

o Defrost intervals

o Manual methods

o Off-cycle defrost

o Timed defrost

Supplementary heat defrost

o Water defrost

o Brine spray systems

o Electric defrost

o Gas defrost

- Reverse-cycle defrost

- Three pipe system



Competency: F4 Install Heat Pumps and Air Conditioning Systems and Accessories

Objectives


Install various types of heat pumps.

Install packaged and split systems.

Identify common faults in installations.


1 Install heat pumps Air source systems

Water source systems

Geothermal systems

2 Install package systems Applications

Manufacturer’s documentation

Rigging and hoisting

Components

Installation

Start-up procedures

3 Install split systems Applications

Manufacturer’s documentation

Rigging and hoisting

Components

Installation

Start-up procedures



Competency: F5 Install Refrigeration Systems and Accessories

Objectives


Select and layout refrigeration components, equipment and accessories.

Assemble, position and secure refrigeration components, equipment and accessories.


1 Select refrigeration components, equipment and accessories

Motors

Evaporators

Compressors

Refrigerant flow controls

Fans and mechanic drives

Circulating pumps

Refrigerant and oils

Pipe sizing

Insulation

2 Prepare components, equipment and accessories layout

Compressors

Valves and accessory devices

Motors

Evaporators

Condensers


Circulating pumps

Piping

3 Assemble, position and secure refrigeration components, equipment and accessories

Compressors

Valves and accessory devices

Motors

Evaporators

Condensers


Routes and connects refrigerant piping

Performs pressure test on system

Evacuates system

Charges system



Competency: F6 Install Piping and Tubing

Objectives


Calculate refrigerant pipe sizes using basic design principles.

Perform methods of pressure testing.


1 Calculate refrigerant pipe sizes Basic design principles

o Design factors

o Use of tables

Common problems

o Under-sized lines

o Over-sized lines

Size suction lines

o Evaporator piping

o Risers and traps

o Piping to compressor

Interconnecting multiple compressors

o Equalizer lines

o Oil level control

Size discharge piping

o Single and multiple compressors

o Risers and traps

Size liquid piping

o Condenser return

o Liquid line

Size condenser to receiver piping

o Single condenser

o Multiple condensers

o Equalizer line applications

Head pressure control

o Reasons for control

o Flooded coil

o Bypass circuits

2 Calculate fixture drains Materials

Pitch for adequate drainage


Traps

Drain heaters

3 Demonstrate methods of pressure testing Nitrogen

Procedure

Pressure regulators

Code requirements



Competency: F7 Analyze Hydronic Systems

Objectives


Describe hydronic principles and systems.

Calculate pipe size.

Size pumps using a pump curve table.


1 Describe hydronic principles and systems Centrifugal force

o Principles

o Centrifugal tension

o Practical applications

Hydrostatics

o Pressure and heat

o Transmission of fluid pressure

o Properties of liquid

o Fluid flow in pipes

Centrifugal pumps

o Classification

o Components

o Operating Principles

o Performance Characteristics

o Pump Maintenance

Hydronic systems

o Fluid flow

o Pipe sizing

o Pump application

o Pump installation

o System practices

o Troubleshooting

2 Calculate pipe size Velocity

Pressure drops

Equivalent length

3 Size pumps Use pump curve tables



Competency: F8 Install Control Systems

Objectives


Install controls.


1 Install controls Code

Select

Sequence of operation

Purpose

Programming

Manufacturer’s specifications


Line (GAC): G COMMISSION REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

Competency: G1 Perform System Pre-start-up Checks

Objectives


Pressure test, evacuate, dehydrate and charge refrigeration and air conditioning systems.

Conduct performance testing on the refrigeration and air conditioning installation.


1 Perform pressure testing Materials to use

Minimum test pressures

Using regulators

Refer to Code section

2 Evacuate and dehydrate system Vacuum pump

Gauges

3 Charge a system Charging methods

Check for correct charge

4 Check system readiness Controls

o Operating

o Safety

Power supply

Belt alignment

Shipping blocks removed



Competency: G2 Start Up Heat Pumps and Air Conditioning Systems

Objectives


Describe factors to consider when starting up heat pumps and air conditioning systems.

Start up heat pumps and air conditioning systems, test operation and make adjustments.


1 Describe factors to consider when starting up a system



Oil levels




2 Start up heat pumps and air conditioning systems

Turn on and verify utilities

o Electrical

o Gas

o Water

Verify proper rotation of blowers, fans, pumps and motors

Select and use tools and equipment

o Multimeters

o Gauge manifold

o Air flow measurement tools

o Thermometers

Test and adjust operation of systems components

o Dampers

o Operating controls

o Safeties

Verify system operation

o Amperage draw

o Voltage

o Pressures

o Temperatures

o Air distribution

o Water flow rates

Set up and adjust components


o Dampers

o Connected controls

3 Conduct a performance test Compressor

Evaporator

o Liquid

o Air

Condenser

o Liquid

o Air

Electrical motors

Control circuits

Complete start up report



Competency: G3 Start Up Refrigeration Systems

Objectives


Describe factors to consider when starting up refrigeration systems.

Start up refrigeration systems, test operation and make adjustments.


1 Describe factors to consider when starting up a system



Oil levels




2 Start up refrigeration systems Turn on and verify utilities

o Electrical

o Water

Verify proper rotation of blowers, fans, pumps and motors

Select and use tools and equipment

o Multimeters

o Gauge manifold

o Thermometers

Test and adjust operation of systems components

o Dampers

o Operating controls

o Safeties

Verify system operation

o Amperage draw

o Voltage

o Pressures

o Temperatures

Set up and adjust components

o Dampers

o Connected controls

o Valves


3 Conduct a performance test Compressor

Evaporator

o Liquid

o Air

Condenser

o Liquid

o Air

Electrical motors

Control circuits

Complete start up report



Competency: H1 Maintain HVAC and Refrigeration Systems

Objectives


Describe system operating conditions.

Determine causes of system failure.


1 Verify system operating conditions Suction pressure

o Relationship of temperature to pressure

o Evaporator TD

o Factors affecting suction pressure

Discharge pressure

o Condenser TD

o Factors affecting discharge pressure

o Determining normal pressures

Relationships of pressures

o Normal relationship of suction and discharge pressure

o Compression ratio

o Effects of high compression ratios

o Discharge Temperatures

- Influencing factors

- Safe limits

- Effects of high discharge temperatures

Condensing temperatures

o Relationships of refrigerant temperature to discharge and liquid temperatures

High pressure safety

o Determining correct settings

Condenser efficiency

o Factors affecting efficiency

o Results of poor efficiency

Liquid sub-cooling

o Reasons for sub-cooling

o Minimum required

o Effects of insufficient sub-cooling

Evaporator efficiency

o Causes for loss


o Suction line superheat

o Effects of high suction temperature

Air handling deficiencies

o Restrictions

o Fan performance

o Adjustments

o Effects of inadequate airflow

Insufficient heat

o Test procedures

o Control and safety devices

Inadequate cooling

o Function check

o Short cycling

Causes of equipment failure

o Metal fatigue

o Vibration

o Improper lubrication

o Misalignment

o Improper adjustments

o Loose connections

o Failed safety or operational controls

o Improper operation

o System cleanliness



Competency: H2 Service and Repair HVAC and Refrigeration Systems

Objectives


Access system problems using prescribed test procedures.


1 Assess system problems Verify customer’s complaint

Identify faulty equipment

Test procedures

o Check power supply

o Test for non-condensables

o Check for condenser cooling medium

o Compressor check

o Lubrication

o Evaporator

o Superheat adjustment

o Correlating data


Level 4

Refrigeration and

Air Conditioning Mechanic (Refrigeration Mechanic)



Competency: C4 Use Codes, Regulations and Standards

Objectives


Identify codes and standards encountered in the Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanic trade.

Identify various environmental agencies that affect the refrigeration and air conditioning mechanic trade.


1 Identify code, standards and organizations affecting the refrigeration and air conditioning mechanic trade

Description of prescriptive and objective based codes

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)

American Society of Plumbing Engineers (ASPE)

American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM)

American Water Works Association (AWWA)

National Standard of Canada (CAN)

Canadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes (CCBFC)

Canadian Gas Association (CGA)

Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB)

Canadian Standards Association (CSA)

o Canadian Electrical Code

National Building Code of Canada (NBC)

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

Underwriters’ Laboratories of Canada (ULC)

Municipal bylaws

o Permits

Health Act

Safety Standards Act

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)

2 Apply trade specific codes B-52 – Mechanical Refrigeration Code

B-149 – Natural Gas and Propane Code

C-22 – Canadian Electrical Code


3 Describe where the various codes and standards are encountered within the refrigeration and air conditioning mechanic trade

Planning

Permits

Installation

Maintenance

4 Identify various environmental agencies with concerns to system drainage

BC health department

Workers’ Compensation Board (WorkSafeBC)

BC Water and Waste Association (BCWWA)




Objectives


Explain proportional control operation.

Apply the Canadian Electrical Code to refrigeration and air conditioning installations.


1 Explain proportional control operation Types

o Electric

o Electronic

2 Apply Canadian Electrical Code Code related sections to RACM trade

o CEC Sections and Tables

o Motor protection

o CEC sections for motor-compressors

o Conductor selection, sizing and protection


Performance The learner will solve problems using the table from the Canadian Electrical Code.


Canadian Electrical Code – relevant table

Set of problems


Accuracy

Efficiency

Completeness



Competency: E2 Use Electrical Wiring Schematics

Objectives


Troubleshoot components, power and control circuits within a refrigeration and air conditioning installation.

Troubleshoot complex systems using systematic procedures through basic schematic building blocks and relationships of circuits.


1 Troubleshoot complex circuits Electrical duct heaters

o Components

o Power circuits

o Control circuits

Condensing units

o Components

o Power circuits

o Control circuits

Indoor fan coil units

o Components

o Power circuits

o Control circuits

Damper motor controls

o Components

o Balancing circuits

o Sensing devices

Complex systems

o Basic schematic building blocks

o Relationship of circuits

o Using systematic procedure for troubleshooting




Objectives


Describe three phase motor starters.

Describe variable frequency drives.


1 Describe three phase motor starters Part-winding starters

o Purpose


o Motor requirements

o Types of starters

o Motor Protection

Reduced voltage starters

o Primary resistor

o Autotransformer

Wye/Delta starters

o Purpose


o Motor Requirements

Interlocked circuits

o Multiple motor control

o Types of control

2 Describe variable frequency drives Application

Operation

Protection

Limitations

Accessories




Objectives


Describe types, preparation and maintenance of secondary heat transfer medium.

Describe cascade and compound systems and their components and applications in refrigeration and air conditioning installations.

Describe absorption systems and applications in refrigeration and air conditioning installations.

Describe ammonia systems, their components and applications.

Describe the operation of an ammonia plant including start-up and shut-down procedures.

Describe CO2 systems.


1 Describe indirect systems Secondary heat transfer medium

o Types

- Salt based

- Glycol based

- Alcohol based

o Selection of medium

o Indirect systems

- Refer to B-52 Code for types

o Applications

o Chemistry

o System corrosion

o Preparing mediums

o Maintaining mediums

2 Describe cascade systems Cascade systems

o Identify components

o Plot cycle on PE chart

o Applications

o Service precautions

Compound systems


o Plot cycle on PE chart

o Applications

o Service precautions


3 Describe absorption systems Lithium-bromide absorption cycle


o Examine cycle on Li-Br chart

o Explain crystallization

o Examine purges

o Applications

Ammonia cycle


o Applications

4 Describe ammonia systems System valves

o Stop valves

- Application

- Location

- Function

Refrigerant control

o Flow control

o Surge protection

- Traps and accumulators

Control of oil

o Oil and Ammonia mixtures

o Oil separators and receivers

o Oil return to compressor

o Oil accumulations

Purging and purgers

o Manual purging

o Automatic purging

Safety valves

o Review Code requirements

o Fire valve

Distillers

o Purpose


o System connections

Compressor cooling

o Water jackets

o Oil coolers

o Desuperheaters

Liquid recirculation systems

o Basic system types

o System components

o Accumulator

o Valves


o The complete system

Ammonia plant operation

o Start-up and shut-down procedures

o System components

o Lubrication system

o Safety precautions

- Review WorkSafeBC rules

5 Describe CO2 systems Types

o Subcritical system

o Transcritical system

Applications

Operations

Limitations

Safety



Competency: F9 Apply B Gas Theory

Objectives


Explain and apply the theory of gas as it pertains to the air conditioning industry.


1 Explain and apply gas theory B.C. Gas Act and Regulations

Properties of gas

Distribution of gases

Gas piping systems

o Piping Regulations

o Piping Materials

o Pipe Sizing

o Pressure Drop

o Valves

o Testing

o Pipe Design

o Protection

Cathodic protection

Regulators

o Operation of a Regulator

o Types of Regulators

o Sizing Regulators

o Venting Regulators

Pilot burners

o Types

o Service

Atmospheric burners

Flame Characteristics

o Description

o Action

Burners

o Types

o Conversion burners

Orifice sizing

Inputs

o Calculations


o Meter clocking

Combustion Analysis

Air supply

o Combustion air

o Ventilation air

o Make-up air

Appliance venting

o Venting Principle

o Draft Control

o Venting Material

o Vent Design

o Vent Sizing

o Power Venting

Basic electricity

o Terms

o Producing Electricity

o Controls

o Circuits

o Flame safety

o Thermocouples

o Capillary

o Flame Rod & Burner Igniter – Sensors

Operating valves

o Solenoid Valves

o Diaphragm Valves

o Capillary and Bellows

o Rod and Tube

o Combination Valves

Liquid propane cylinders

o LP gas containers

Servicing

o Troubleshooting of domestic and commercial appliances



Competency: H3 Maintain Control Systems

Objectives


Maintain control systems.

Describe pneumatic systems.


1 Maintain control systems Temperature controls

Humidity controls

Pressure controls

Review set points

2 Describe pneumatic systems Air compressor

Refrigerated air driers

Oil separators

Relief valves

Unloaders

Water separators

Four-way bypass valve



Competency: H4 Service and Repair Control Systems

Objectives


Troubleshoot control systems.

Service and repair controls systems.


1 Troubleshoot control systems Check calibration

Check power source

Refer to system manufacturer’s specifications

Verify output responses

2 Service and repair control systems Verify customer’s complaint

Identify faulty equipment

Backup the programming

Repair and/or replace faulty components

Verify operation


SECTION 4

TRAINING PROVIDER STANDARDS


Facility Requirements Classroom Areas

Comfortable seating and tables suitable for learning

Compliance with the local and national fire code and occupational safety requirements

Overhead and multimedia projectors with a projection screen

Whiteboard with marking pens and erasers

Lighting controls to allow easy visibility of the projection screen while allowing students to take notes

Windows must have shades or blinds to adjust sunlight

Heating/Air conditioning for comfort all year round

In-room temperature control to ensure comfortable room temperature

Acoustics in the room must allow audibility of the instructor

Computer lab complete with 16 computers and internet access

Library complete with reference material for student and instructor use Shop Areas

Combined shop space of 3,500 square feet per group of 16 students

Tool crib

Lockers

Adequate lighting and lighting control

Ventilation as per WorkSafeBC standards

Refuse and recycling bins for used shop materials

First-aid facilities Student Facilities

Adequate lunch room as per WorkSafeBC requirements

Adequate washroom facilities as per WorkSafeBC requirements

Personal Storage lockers Instructor’s Office Space

Desk and filing space

Computer


Tools and Equipment

Level 1

Self-contained breathing apparatus Air-Acetylene, Oxy-Acetylene welding equipment Hand tools, Measuring tools, Electrical meters, Charging & refrigerant recovery

equipment Computers Misc. electrical components Copper tubing, fittings, benders, flaring tools, and other related piping tools Refrigerants, gauges, meters, etc. Refrigeration components, trainers, functional refrigeration and air conditioning units

Level 2

Air measurement tools and Air handling equipment Computer load calculation software Misc. transformers, modulating motors & meters Assortment of functional and faulty single-phase motors, meters Assortment of functional and faulty 3-phase motors, meters Various examples of refrigeration units Refrigeration Load calculation software Various examples of fan systems and air filters Various examples of system components (i.e.: evaporators, condensers, metering

devices and accessories)

Level 3

Meters, gauges, functional air-conditioning & refrigeration units Air measurement tools and Air handling equipment Computer air conditioning load calculation software, DDC controls system and

components Assortment of functional and faulty single-phase motors, meters Refrigerant leak detectors Hydronic system & components, Compressor capacity control components, Vacuum

pumps, Micron gauges Various examples of refrigeration units Various examples of fan systems Various examples of system components (i.e.: evaporators, condensers, metering

devices and accessories)

Level 4

DDC controls system and components Modulating motors, meters Various examples of functional and faulty electrically operated equipment None required Various components Assorted electric, electronic & pneumatic components and troubleshooting labs Hydronic system components and demonstration lab, functional and faulty heat


pumps, a/c units Various examples of fan systems Various examples of system components (i.e.: condensers, metering devices and

accessories) Functional and faulty gas-fired equipment, assorted components


Reference Materials PRESCRIBED TEXTS

Modern Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, 2004 Edition Althouse/Turnquist/Bracciano The Goodheart-Willcox Company, Inc. South Holland, Illinois

Fundamentals of Gas Utilization, Third Edition John Dutton Centennial College Press Toronto, Ontario ISBN 0-919852-35-1

B52-05 (R2009) Mechanical Refrigeration Code Canada Standards Association Rexdale, Ontario

C22.1-09, 2009, Canadian Electrical Code Canada Standards Association Rexdale, Ontario

Fourteenth Edition, CAN/CSA-B149.1-10, Natural gas and propane installation code Canada Standards Association Rexdale, Ontario

OPTIONAL AND REFERENCE TEXTS

Principles of Refrigeration Roy J. Dossatt John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Trane Reciprocating Refrigeration Manual The Trane Company La Crosse, Wisconsin

Trane Air Conditioning Manual The Trane Company La Crosse, Wisconsin

NOTE:

This list of Reference Materials is for training providers. Apprentices should contact their preferred training provider for a list of recommended or required texts for this program.


Instructor Requirements

Occupation Qualification

The instructor must possess:

A BC Certificate of Qualification preferably with an Interprovincial Red Seal Endorsement.

Certificate of Qualification from another Canadian jurisdiction complete with Interprovincial Red Seal Endorsement only.

A minimum of 5 years’ experience working in the industry as a journeyperson.

Instructional Experience and Education

It is preferred that the instructor also possesses:

An Instructors Diploma or equivalent

A Bachelor’s Degree in Education

A Master’s Degree in Education


Appendices


Appendix A

Glossary Of Verbs


GLOSSARY

Adjust: To bring to a more satisfactory state. To bring the parts of to a true or more

effective relative position. Align: To bring into alignment. Analyze: To examine critically so as to determine appropriate procedures, process, or

course of action. Apply: To put to use especially for some practical purpose.

Assemble: To fit together the parts of.

Assess: To determine the value, significance, or extent of; appraise.

Calculate: To arrive at a precise numerical answer – often through the use of

mathematical formulas. Construct: To make or form by combining or arranging parts or elements. Control: Lesson the intensity of, temper, hold in restraint, hold or keep within limits Define: To set forth the meaning of a word or expression. Demonstrate: To exhibit, show clearly or perform, to a competency standard, a process or

competence. Describe: To set forth the properties or characteristics of an object. To give a detailed or

graphic account of a process or procedure. (To use correct terminology, sequencing and inter-relationship of the elements is implied where required.)

Determine: To arrive at, or locate, information by a simple process (e.g. by rule of thumb). Explain: To show the logical development or relationships of. Evaluate: To determine the significance, worth, or condition of usually by careful

appraisal and study. Identify: To use the correct terminology to describe objects, both individually and

collectively; to state their application or use, and to point out and name them. Inspect: To look into, or at carefully. To examine, or observe, critically in order to

detect flaws, errors, etc. Install: To set up for use or service. Interpret: To make sense of. To give meaning to. List: To give in point form, several items of information; no sequence or inter-

relationship is implied. Locate: To seek out and determine the location of.


Maintain: To keep in good condition. To keep functional, and in good repair.

Obtain: To gain or attain usually by planned action or effort.

Operate: To perform a function: exert power or influence.

Overhaul: To check thoroughly for needed service, and to make the repairs,

replacements, adjustments, etc., necessary to restore to good working order. Perform: To carry out. To do in a formal manner or according to prescribed ritual.

Read: To look at carefully so as to understand the meaning of. To attribute meaning

to: Interpret. Rebuild: To restore to an original state.

Remove: To move by lifting, pushing aside, or taking away or off.

Repair: To put back into good condition after damage or wear. To mend or fix.

Replace: To put something new in the place of. Select: To choose the most appropriate object, process or procedures, given a

specific situation; (when used in relation to an object it also implies the ability to identify and describe).

Service: To remove, maintain, repair, or replace items and/or components.

Set up: To assemble the parts of and erect in position. Sketch: To make a sketch, rough draft, or outline of. State: To set out briefly (in the equivalent or a sentence or two) an idea. Test: To try something against a criterion or standard.

Troubleshoot: To investigate a problem. To look at, or into, critically and methodically in

order to find out the causes, facts, conditions, etc. Use: The act or practice of employing something.